SP2013 Book Interview

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Destin Joy
Microsoft MVP, SharePoint Server
About the Author
Destin Joy, an ardent Tech enthusiastic in SharePoint. For his exuberance in SharePoint arena, he has been awarded with the coveted MVP (Microsoft Most Valuable professional) award consecutively for the last three years. With more than 8 years of industrial experience, he is actively involved in various MSDN forums & news groups on a routine basis. Destin also holds membership in Developer Guidance Web Advisory Council of Microsoft. He has authored more than 200 articles in SharePoint and also co-authored two EBooks Named SharePoint designer 2010 Essentials, SharePoint 2010 capacity planning. A Masters Degree holder in Computer Application, Destin is also certified in MCTS in SharePoint 2007 application development. His contributions are mostly featured in C-Sharp Corner. In addition he owns and maintains a SharePoint user group in LinkedIn named SharePoint Server 2010 Experts.
Contents
Abstract 1 SharePoint Interview Questions ............................................................................................................... 2 1. What is SharePoint? .................................................................................................................... 2 2. What are Features of SharePoint?.......................................................................................... 2 3. Explain a SharePoint site? ......................................................................................................... 3 4. What is SharePoint site collection?........................................................................................ 3 5. What is SharePoint Web Farm? .............................................................................................. 3 6. What is a Feature? ....................................................................................................................... 3 7. What is a Master page? ............................................................................................................. 3 8. What is a Content type? ............................................................................................................ 4 9. What is a Solution? ...................................................................................................................... 4 10. What is a Theme?. ........................................................................................................................ 5 11. What is the GAC? ......................................................................................................................... 5 12. How can you get a reference to a site? .............................................................................. 5 13. How do you connect (reference) to a SharePoint list, and how do you insert a new List Item? ........................................................................................................................... 6 14. How would you loop using SP List through all SharePont List items, assuming you know the name (in a string value) of the list you want to iterate through, and already have all the site code written? .................................................................... 6 15. Some general terms and their definitions .......................................................................... 6 16. What is List? ................................................................................................................................... 7 17. What is Document Library? ...................................................................................................... 8 18. What is Picture library? .............................................................................................................. 8 5
19. What is Check-out? ..................................................................................................................... 8 20. What is Check-in? ........................................................................................................................ 8 21. What is Versioning?..................................................................................................................... 8 22. What is Site Columns? ................................................................................................................ 8 23. What is Rating? ............................................................................................................................. 9 24. What is Audience targeting? .................................................................................................... 9 25. What are Views? ........................................................................................................................... 9 26. What are the various types of Views?................................................................................... 9 27. What is Task list? ........................................................................................................................ 10 28. What is Document Set? ........................................................................................................... 10 29. What is Drop-Off Library? ....................................................................................................... 10 30. What is Routing Rules List? .................................................................................................... 10 31. What is Blogs? ............................................................................................................................. 11 32. What is Enterprise Wiki? .......................................................................................................... 11 33. What is Tagging?........................................................................................................................ 11 34. What is Recent Activity? .......................................................................................................... 11 35. What is Survey? ........................................................................................................................... 11 36. What is My Site? ......................................................................................................................... 11 37. What is enterprise Metadata Management? ................................................................... 12 38. What is Web part? ..................................................................................................................... 12 39. What is RSS Viewer? .................................................................................................................. 13 40. What is a Record Center? ........................................................................................................ 13 41. What is Document Center?..................................................................................................... 13 42. What is Digital Asset Management? ................................................................................... 13 43. What is Social Networking?.................................................................................................... 13 44. What is a Recycle Bin in SharePoint? .................................................................................. 13 6
45. What is Publishing feature? .................................................................................................... 14 46. What is Branding? ...................................................................................................................... 14 47. What are Content pages? ....................................................................................................... 14 48. What is Page Layout? ............................................................................................................... 14 49. What is Navigation in SharePoint 2010? ........................................................................... 14 50. What are the various options for Navigation available in SharePoint 2010? ....... 15 51. What is Ribbon interface? ....................................................................................................... 15 52. What is a workflow? .................................................................................................................. 16 53. Explain .Net Workflow and SharePoint workflow? ......................................................... 16 54. What is Single sign-on? ........................................................................................................... 16 55. What is ULS Logging?............................................................................................................... 16 56. What does RunWithElevatedPrivileges do? ...................................................................... 16 57. What is the difference between method activity and event activity in Work Flow? .......................................................................................................................................... 17 58. What does SPWeb.EnsureUser method do? .................................................................... 17 59. How to query from multiple lists? ........................................................................................ 18 60. How Does SharePoint work?.................................................................................................. 18 61. What is the difference between Syncronous & Asyncronous events? ................... 18 62. What is ServerUpdate() ? ......................................................................................................... 18 63. How to work with large list in SharePoint? ....................................................................... 18 64. How can you force SPQuery to return results from all the folders of the list? .... 19 65. What is query?ViewAttributes / ............................................................................................ 19 66. What is List View Threshold? ................................................................................................. 19 67. How to override List throttling using object model? .................................................... 19 68. Difference between Close() and Dispose() Method....................................................... 19 69. What is the use of Form Digest control? ....................................................................... 20 7
70. What is the structure of the InfoPath form data? .......................................................... 20 71. How to debug InfoPath 2010 WebForm? ......................................................................... 20 72. Use of InfoPath form Web part? ........................................................................................... 20 73. What are the types of input forms that can be created for a workflow? ............... 21 74. What is a sandbox solution .................................................................................................... 21 75. What is the use of Sandbox Solution?................................................................................ 21 76. What all SharePoint item types supported by Sandbox Solutions? ........................ 21 77. How to monitor Sandbox solution ...................................................................................... 22 78. What is Service Application module in SharePoint ....................................................... 22 79. What is the limitation and advantages of SSP and Service Applications? ............ 23 80. What is Enterprise Metadata Management?.................................................................... 23 81. What Changes are made in SharePoint 2010 to enforce Referential Integrity? . 24 82. Where can I use InfoPath? ...................................................................................................... 24 83. Core Advantage of using InfoPath ...................................................................................... 24 84. What are the elements we can apply workflow? ............................................................ 24 85. What are the ways to initiate the workflow? .................................................................... 25 86. What are ways to create input forms for workflow? ..................................................... 25 87. What is the difference between method activity and event activity in Workflow? 25 88. How Does SharePoint work?.................................................................................................. 25 89. What is ServerUpdate() ............................................................................................................ 25 90. How can you force SPQuery to return results from all the folders of the list? .... 25 91. What are the service applications that have its own database in SharePoint 2013 26 92. Which are the service applications that should run in Web front end and application servers? ........................................................................................................................... 26 93. What are the core capabilities of SharePoint 2013 ....................................................... 26 8
94. What is Apps for SharePoint 2013? What is the different type associated with the same ................................................................................................................................................ 27 95. What is the change associated with new Visual Web Part in SharePoint 2013? 28 96. What is TilesViewWebPart in SharePoint 2013? ............................................................. 28 97. How we can you Create & Deploy Sandbox Solutions in SharePoint 2013? ....... 29 98. How we can force a Solution to be deployed to 15 Hive and not 14 Hive? ........ 29 99. Is it possible to deploy Master Page and Custom Css from SharePoint 2010 in SharePoint 2013? ............................................................................................................................... 29 100. Is it possible to use fabulous 40 templates in SharePoint 2013?.......................... 29 101. Do we have any support for PDF in SharePoint 2013 ............................................... 29 102. Do you have any idea about Digital Content types? ............................................. 30 103. What are the types of players that we can used to play SharePoint 2013 Video files? 30 104. Can we embed Video from external sites like YouTube in SharePoint 2013 .... 30 105. Do you have any idea about Cross-Site Publishing?................................................. 30 106. Is Sharepoint 2013 have better performance compared to earlier versions? If so how? .................................................................................................................................................. 30 107. What is Distributed Cache Service? ................................................................................. 31 108. What is Shredded Storage? ................................................................................................ 31 109. What does the e Analytics Processing Component in SharePoint 2013? .......... 31 110. What are Device Channels in SharePoint 2013? ......................................................... 32 111. What are the ways an app communicate with SharePoint? ................................... 32 112. What are the options available to publish an app? ................................................... 32 113. What is meant by OData in SharePoint 2013............................................................... 32 114. What is the use of OData? .................................................................................................. 32 115. What is an OData producer, and some examples? .................................................... 33 116. What is the use of OAuth in SharePoint 2013? ........................................................... 33 9
117. What is a workflow stage shape in SharePoint Designer 2013? ........................... 33 118. What is the Machine Translation Service? ..................................................................... 34 119. What is PowerPoint Automation Services? ................................................................... 34 120. How can you add a HTML Master Page & Css with Design Manager SharePoint 2013 ................................................................................................................................. 35 121. What are the three user authentication methods that SharePoint 2013 supports?............................................................................................................................................... 35 122. Which one is the most recommended method .......................................................... 35 123. What types of authentication does Business Connectivity Services support? . 36 124. What Is An Event Listener in SharePoint 2013? What is the use of it? ............... 36 125. What are the new improvements in Excel Services in SharePoint 2013? ........... 36 126. What are Community Sites in SharePoint 2013? ........................................................ 36 127. What is a ranking model in SharePoint 2013 search? ............................................... 36 128. What is a Continuous crawl? .............................................................................................. 37 129. What does document parsing functionality do? ........................................................ 37 130. Is Visual Upgrade available in SharePoint 2013? ........................................................ 37 131. What is the use of Stemming in SharePoint Search? ................................................ 37 132. What is the use of Word breaking in SharePoint Search? ....................................... 37 133. What is the use of RB and RBS protocol in SharePoint Search? ........................... 37 134. Capabilities of Fast Search in SharePoint 2013 ........................................................... 37 135. What are the uses of Refiners in SharePoint Search? ............................................ 38 136. What are the features of Federated Search? ................................................................ 38 137. Difference between list and library? ................................................................................ 38 138. What is External list throttling ........................................................................................... 39 139. What is your understanding on Column validation rules? ...................................... 39 140. How to do validation if the field values dont allow more than 8? ...................... 39 141. How to do validate if Due date is not greater than equal to current date ....... 39 10
142. Why should you not use Render ()? [only use RenderContents() or use the more OO approach and implement CreateChildControls() ] ............................................. 39 143. What is claims based authentication? ............................................................................ 40 144. How do we use the claims identity outside of SharePoint? ................................... 40 145. What is LINQ to Sharepoint?.............................................................................................. 40 146. Do you know any tools that can be used to create DataContent classes for use in LINQ queries? ................................................................................................................................. 40 147. What are the advantages and disadvantages of LINQ to Sharepoint ? ............. 40 148. In Sharepoint 2010, at what levels can a workflow be activated? (Alternative Question: What is the additional scope a workflow be activated in Sharepoint 2010)? ..................................................................................................................................................... 41 149. Can a workflow created in Sharepoint Designer be edited in Visual Studio? .. 41 150. Can MS Visio be used to create a Sharepoint workflow? ........................................ 41 151. What are the two base classes a WebPart you are going to use within SharePoint can inherit from? ......................................................................................................... 41 152. What are the differences between the two base classes and what are the inherit benefits of using one over another? ............................................................................. 42 153. What does the RenderContents method do in an ASP.NET 2.0 WebPart? ....... 42 154. What the difference between CreateChildControls and the RenderContents method. ................................................................................................................................................. 43 155. What is the WebPartManager sealed class? What is its purpose? ....................... 43 156. How many WebPartManager controls should be on a page? ............................... 43 157. What is a SPSite and SPWeb object, and what is the difference between each of the objects? ..................................................................................................................................... 43 158. What is the use of SPWebApplication object? ............................................................ 43 159. How we can get the SMTP address of the SharePoint site? ................................... 43 160. Do we have any other way to send mail SharePoint ................................................. 44 161. Where Did OWA ULS Logs Go In SharePoint 2013 .................................................... 44 11
162. Can we update Web.config Settings Programmatically? ......................................... 44 163. How we can deploy master pages in SharePoint? ..................................................... 45 164. What is the difference between Site Definition and Site Template? ................... 45 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................................... 46
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Abstract
This eBook provides some basic SharePoint interview questions. The reader will then be taken through Sharepoint different areas of interview questions. We can go through core parts of SharePoint Web parts, Custom Forms, Event Handlers, Features, Time Jobs, .NET, work flows etc. have prepared this not to equip you to pass SharePoint interview. It is just to increase your knowledge in SharePoint
SharePoint Interview Questions

1. What is SharePoint? SharePoint was born out of a simple idea: Sharing Documents. Microsoft developed family of software products called SharePoint, to perform features like File Sharing, Collaboration, and Web Publishing. In simple terms, SharePoint acts as the single platform to share, communicate, store, and collaborate the content, documents, and records 2. What are Features of SharePoint? Communities: The new version of SharePoint allows users to work together in different ways. Microsoft has enhanced the social feature of SharePoint 2007 in SharePoint 2010 and has made it look better. Communities allow people to collaborate in groups, share knowledge, and find information on various topics easily. Content: SharePoint content shifts SharePoint 2010 from a departmental solution to an enterprise solution. There has been massive improvement in content wherein users can add a significant number of documents to SharePoint. They can even use external data storage options to store more data. Search: Microsoft SharePoint 2010 has acquired FAST search server, which improves the search tremendously for users. Now, users not only can search for content, but also people. User can opt for better language options with thumbnails and previews. User can even sort out the search queries and study similar search to get relevant search results. Insights: With the help of SharePoint insights, users can access information through different data sources like dashboards, scorecards, reports and more. To help users, Microsoft has introduced performance point server to the SharePoint platform. It is also known as Performance point services for SharePoint. It helps users discover right people and expertise to make better business decisions.
Compositions: SharePoint being a complete platform helps users in creating their code solution on premises or in the cloud. Complex application can be developed with the help of well-known tools like: InfoPath SharePoint designer 2013
3. Explain a SharePoint site? A Web site hosted in a virtual URL. A SharePoint site is a place for collaboration, communication or content storage. Depending on your business needs, you can create sites such as team sites, blog sites, wiki sites and others. You can customize a site's appearance, users, user permissions, galleries, and site administration by using the Site Settings administration pages. 4. What is SharePoint site collection? A collection of SharePoint sites that share common administration pages and site settings. Site collections allow you to share content types, site columns, templates, and Web Parts within a group of SharePoint sites. 5. What is SharePoint Web Farm? A group of Office SharePoint servers, that share the same configuration database. All site content and all configuration data is shared for all front-end Web servers in a server farm. 6. What is a Feature? A package of Windows SharePoint Services elements that can be activated for a specific scope and that helps users accomplish a particular goal or task. SharePoint have this inherently portable and modular functionality, which simplifies modification of sites through site definitions. For more information 7. What is a Master page? Pages, that provide a consistent layout and appearance (look and feel) for SharePoint sites. They allow you to factor out layout, structure, and interface 3
elements such as headers, footers, navigation bars, and content placeholders. Master pages in ASP.NET 2.0 and master pages in Windows SharePoint Services work in the same way. 8. What is a Content type? A reusable collection of settings to apply to a certain category of content such as documents and folders. Content types are designed to help users organize their SharePoint content in a more meaningful way. Imagine a business situation in which you have three different types of documents: expense reports, purchase orders and invoices. All three types of documents have some characteristics in common for one thing; they are all financial documents and contain data with values in currency. Yet each type of document has its own data requirements, its own document template, and its own workflow. One solution to this business problem is to create four content types. The first content type, Financial Document, could encapsulate data requirements that are common to all financial documents in the organization. The remaining three, Expense Report, Purchase Order, and Invoice, could inherit common elements from Financial Document. In addition, they could define characteristics that are unique to each type, such as a particular set of metadata, a document template to be used in creating a new item, and a specific workflow for processing an item 9. What is a Solution? A file that is a bundling of all the components for extending Windows SharePoint Services in a particular way. A solution file has a .cab-based format with a .wsp extension. A solution is a deployable, reusable package that can contain a set of features, site definitions and assemblies that apply to sites, and that you can enable or disable individually. You can use the solution file to deploy the contents of a Web Part package, including assemblies, class resources, and other package components.
10. What is a Theme? A group of files (CSS, images) that allow you to define the appearance (look and feel) of Web pages. Themes in ASP.NET 2.0 and themes in SharePoint Products and Technologies work in the same way. Themes are used to help organizations to brand their portals and team sites. Office SharePoint Server 2007 includes a set of predefined themes. However, as a developer, you can create custom themes for your company. 11. What is the GAC? The GAC stands for the global assembly cache. It is the machine wide code cache which will give custom binaries place into the full trust code group for SharePoint. Certain SharePoint assets, such as Feature Receivers need full trust to run correctly, and therefore are put into the GAC. You should always try to avoid deployment to the GAC as much as possible since it will possibly allow development code to do more than it was intended to do. What are safe controls, and what type of information, is placed in that element in a SharePoint web.config file? When you deploy a WebPart to SharePoint, you must first make it as a safe control to use within SharePoint in the web.config file. Entries made in the safe controls element of SharePoint are encountered by the SharePointHandler object and will be loaded in the SharePoint environment properly; those not will not be loaded and will throw an error. In the generic safe control entry (this is general, there could be more), there is generally the Assembly name, the namespace, the public key token numeric, the typename, and the safe declaration (whether it is safe or not). There are other optional elements. 12. How can you get a reference to a site? oSPSite = new SPSite("http:/server"); oSPWeb = oSPSite.OpenWeb();
13. How do you connect (reference) to a SharePoint list, and how do you insert a new List Item? using(SPSite mySite = new SPSite("yourserver")) { using(SPWeb myWeb = mySite.OpenWeb()) { SPList interviewList = myWeb.Lists["listtoinsert"]; SPListItem newItem = interviewList.Items.Add(); newItem["interview"] = "interview"; newItem.Update(); } } 14. How would you loop using SPList through all SharePont List items, assuming you know the name (in a string value) of the list you want to iterate through, and already have all the site code written? SPList interviewList = myWeb.Lists["listtoiterate"]; foreach (SPListItem interview in interviewList) { // Place your code here } 15. Some general terms and their definitions Templates: Template acts as stencils, used to create similar attribute elements.
Language: SharePoint has ability to create multilingual sites. Language packs are installed on the server to translate the portal in other languages. User can select a language-specific site template while creating new site. Security: User can define unique user groups and permissions for each site as well as site elements. Navigation: Site navigation reflects the relationships among the sites in a site collection. User can fine-tune site's navigation experience by configuring unique navigation links in each part of site's hierarchy. Therefore, planning navigation and planning sites structures are closely related activities. Web Pages: Web pages in sites or site collection are used to display information. Site Layouts: Site Layout dictates the overall look and feel of the SharePoint site. Themes: Themes specify the appearance of site in terms of Color & font. Regional Settings: Regional settings are specific to particular country or geography, such as locale, time zone, sort order, time format and calendar type. Search: User can make each site having unique search settings. For example, user can specify that a particular site never appear in search results. Content Types: A content type defines the attributes of a list item, a document, or a folder. Workflows: Workflow defines the action or series of actions that has to be performed on the occurrence of event 16. What is List? A SharePoint list is a collection of records related to an entity like a student, employees, etc. Records in lists are termed as items. A list contains columns or fields that define the item data or metadata. Lists are created using a GUI interface by defining the metadata types. Once the Lists are created, it becomes very easy to add, edit, delete, and search items in it. 7
17. What is Document Library? A Document library allows users to easily store, upload, share, collaborate, and track documents or files. Users can also store the properties related to documents called metadata to make the documents easily searchable. 18. What is Picture library? A Picture library allows users to easily store, upload, share, collaborate and track images or digital pictures. Users can also store the properties related to images called metadata to make the images easily searchable. 19. What is Check-out? Check-out ensures that only one person can edit a document at a time. To edit a document, a user would first have to check out a document. This prevents anyone else from editing the document until that user check the document back in. During the period that the document is checked out, other users can only view a read-only version of the document. 20. What is Check-in? Check in a file means that user is uploading the modified file to the library and it is now available for edit by other users. Once the document is checked in, the document becomes available again to be checked out by someone else. In addition, all changes made by the person who checked in the document are now visible to others. 21. What is Versioning? Versioning allows updates, restoring and tracking of the items in a list or in a library when they are changed. Versioning makes use of version numbers to keep track of changes. 22. What is Site Columns? A site column is a reusable column definition or template that user can assign to multiple lists across multiple SharePoint sites. Site columns are useful if user organization wants to establish some consistent settings across lists and libraries.
23. What is rating? Rating provides user the ability to rate content (of any type, lists, documents, pages on a site and even content types) and stores that rating information in the database. It is an assessment or classification of content on a scale according to how well the content meets specific criteria. Ratings show an average score that can range from 1 to 100. 24. What is Audience targeting? The content inside lists, libraries, web parts, etc., can be targeted to appear only for the users who are members of a particular group or audience. The audience can be identified via SharePoint groups, distribution lists and security groups. 25. What are views? User can use views to see the items in a list or library that are most important to user or that best fit a purpose. For example, user can create views of the files that were created most recently, of the list items that apply to a specific department, or of the files created by one person. After creating a view, it is always available when user looks at a list or library. User can create personal views and public views. A personal view is available only to user while looking at a list or library. A public view is available when anyone looks at a list or library. To create a public view, user must have permission to change the design of the list or library. User can make a public view the default view for a list or library. 26. What are the various types of views? Standard: This view displays list items or files like a traditional list on a Web page. Standard view is the default for most types of lists and libraries, and user can customize it in several different ways. Calendar: This view displays the calendar items in a visual format that is similar to a desk or wall calendar. User can apply daily, weekly, or monthly views in this format. For example, user can create a calendar to track the team's deadlines for a project or holidays for the organization. Datasheet: This view provides data in a format that user can edit, such as a table in a database or spreadsheet. This view can be helpful if user need to 9
perform large editing tasks or customization, or export data to a spreadsheet or database program. Datasheet view requires a control or program that is compatible with Windows SharePoint Services, such as Office Access 2007 and ActiveX control support. Gantt: This view provides a visual view of data, with bars that track progress, if data is based on a time interval. A Gantt view can help user manage projects and see a quick overview of the data. User can use this view, for example, to see which tasks overlap each other and to visualize overall progress. 27. What is Task list? A task list in SharePoint displays a collection of tasks that has to be performed. Users can also add columns or metadata to store additional information about the tasks. 28. What is Document Set? Document Set enables users to group multiple documents that support a single project or task, together into a single entity. All documents in a Document Set share the metadata and the entire set can be versioned. Document sets are built on SharePoint 2010 content types, and user can create multiple unique document set content types as part of their implementation. 29. What is Drop-Off Library? The Drop off Library will be the default destination when a user tries to upload a document to this site. This is used when user does not know that where should the document be uploaded in the site. In that case, user uploads the document in this library and the document is routed automatically to the specific library. 30. What is Routing Rules List? The Routing Rules list, as its name implies, contains the rules for how a document is to be routed to its final destination. These rules are written to route the documents to their final and proper destination.
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31. What is Blogs? Blogs is a type of website, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, description of events, or other material such as graphics or video. It can be used to post ideas, observations, thoughts and expertise on which comments can be done. 32. What is Enterprise wiki? An enterprise wiki is a publishing site for sharing and updating large volumes of information across an enterprise. Enterprise wiki can be used as a central repository for large organizations to store and share unstated information. 33. What is Tagging? Tagging is the ability to tag documents that enables user to search document easily with keywords. Tags cloud web parts enable users to display tagging keywords. 34. What is a Recent Activity? The recent activity is a helpful way to understand what the person has been working on recently. 35. What is Survey? Survey is used when user want to collect the responses from various people, across the organization about any event, any activity or any other thing. It is a list that allows user to collect the responses in various ways. User can ask the questions and they can answer those questions and then result can be analyzed by taking it to the excel sheet or through graphical summary or by watching all responses at once. 36. What is MySite? My Site is the individual mini sites and acts as a central location to view and manage all of a users documents, tasks, etc. My Sites enables users to easily share information about themselves and their work. This sharing of information encourages collaboration, builds and promotes information about expertise and targets relevant content to the people who are interested.
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37. What is enterprise Metadata Management? Enterprise metadata management (EMM) is a set of features introduced in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 that enable taxonomists, librarians and administrators to create and manage terms and sets of terms across the enterprise. There are two key principles in the use of metadata: Use of tags: It is easy for a site to use enterprise wide tags and taxonomies, and easy for users to apply them. Application of tags in SharePoint 2010: The document libraries are configured to use metadata as a primary navigation pivot and improves search. 38. What is Web part? Web Parts are customizable plug and play components that empower information workers to create personalized user interfaces by simply dragging and dropping them on a Web page. Web parts allow customization at both design time and run time. There are two types of web parts. In-built web parts: Web parts that are included in SharePoint. Developers can drag them from web part galleries and drop them into web part zones. Custom web parts: Web parts that are created by the user using visual studio is called custom web parts. A Web Part is composed of the following entities: The Web Part description file (.dwp) is a portable container of default and personalized property values for the Web Part. The Web Part assembly file (.dll) contains the logic and code for the Web Part, and is installed on the server running Windows SharePoint Services. Resource files that support the Web Part these are also stored on the server. Tables in the Windows SharePoint Services database are used to store current values of the Web Part properties. 12
39. What is RSS Viewer? RSS viewer is a web part that provides a good way of adding interesting content to SharePoint site pages. 40. What is a Record Center? The Records Center is intended to serve as a central repository in which an organization can store and manage all of its records such as legal or financial documents. The Records Center supports the entire records management process, from records collection through records management to records disposition. The Records Center site template is a pre-configured site designed specifically to help organizations implement their records management and retention programs. Versioning, auditing, metadata management, eDiscovery, and customizable record routing are built-in features that can help user to manage records more effectively. 41. What is Document Center? Document Center is a site on which user can centrally manage documents in an enterprise. A large-scale library useful as an enterprise knowledge base or historical archive includes features to help users navigate, search, and manage many documents in a deep hierarchy by using a set of specialized Web Parts. 42. What is Digital asset management? SharePoint server 2010 includes a new asset library specially designed for managing and sharing digital assets such as audio, video, and other rich media files known as Digital Asset Management. 43. What is Social networking? Social Networking Connects public to MySite pages to help establish connections between colleagues with common interests. 44. What is a recycle bin in SharePoint? Whenever user will delete something, it goes to recycle bin in SharePoint. User can restore items that have been deleted from the site from the recycle bin.
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45. What is a Publishing feature? Publishing feature enables the delivery of content for both internal and external users. User need to turn on the Publishing feature on a site. Checked in and Checked Out feature in a Site gets enabled and if user dont Checked-in the change version then older version of pages are shown to users .Users can then brand the site so that it has the corporate look and feel, and can enable other users to edit the corporate site within the context of the Web. On a site with the Publishing functionality turned on, user can also create a multilingual site by creating a source site and then translating the site into other languages, which can be published as separate sites. 46. What is Branding? Branding means to create and design the portal according to the organizational norms, by changing the title, logo, header, footer, and content to provide the look and feel that suite the organization. Creating custom-designed UIs, either on a traditional HTML page or in Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010, is known as branding. Branding of portals is done to achieve the unique corporate identity of an organization across the market. 47. What are Content pages? Content pages implement a master page. Content pages contain an attribute, which informs the compiler that the page should be, merged with a master page. This attribute is part of the page directive tag called the MasterPageFile. 48. What is Page Layout? Page layout dictates the overall look and feel of a web page. A page layout relies on a content type to determine the kind of content that can be stored on pages. Page layout contains field controls and web part. 49. What is Navigation in SharePoint 2010? Site navigation provides the primary interface for site users to move around on the sites and pages on the site. Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010 includes a set of customizable and extensible navigation features that help orient users of the site so they can move around on its sites and pages. 14
50. What are the various options for Navigation available in SharePoint 2010? 1. Navigation controls on master pages Top link bar navigation Quick Launch navigation Breadcrumb navigation Tree view navigation Metadata navigation 2. Navigation controls on page layouts Summary Links Table of Contents Content Query 3. Navigation Web Parts Categories Site Aggregator Site in Category Tag Cloud The following navigation Web parts are available only on 4. Publishing sites: Summary Links Table of Contents 51. What is Ribbon interface? Ribbon Interface act as the UI enhancement in the product. It provides the commands to be executed in the form of Icons and tabs. 15
52. What is a workflow? A workflow consists of a sequence of connected steps. It is a depiction of a sequence of operations, declared as work of a person, a group of persons, an organization of staff, or one or more simple or complex mechanisms. 53. Explain .Net Workflow and SharePoint workflow? .Net Workflow: Windows Workflow Foundation (WWF) is a new programming framework introduced in .NET 3.0 for creating reactive programs. A reactive program typically represents a set of procedures or instructions used to capture and automate a specific business process. Windows Workflow Foundation supports publishing a workflow as an ASP.NET Web service on a Web server or server farm running ASP.NET on Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0. Because Windows Workflow Foundation Web service support is based on ASP.NET 2.0, it inherits most of the features of a standard ASP.NET Web service. SharePoint Workflow: SharePoint workflows are built on top of WWF. WSS extends the WWF. WSS extends the WWF by introducing the concept of a workflow template. The main purpose of the workflow template is to integrate WWF programs into WSS so that they can be installed, configured and parameterized for use. A workflow template is created by adding a Workflow element to a feature that is scoped to the level of the site collection. 54. What is Single sign-on? Single Sign-on allows users to log on to a variety of applications with the single username and password and user has to enter the details only once for all the applications. 55. What is ULS Logging? ULS Logging captures and writes events to trace logs. 56. What does RunWithElevatedPrivileges do? Assume that you have a Web Part in which you want to display information obtained through the Windows SharePoint Services object model, such as the name of the current site collection owner, usage statistics, or auditing information. These are examples of calls into the object model that require site16
administration privileges. Your Web Part experiences an access-denied error if it attempts to obtain this information when the current user is not a site administrator. The request is initiated by a non-privileged user. You can still successfully make these calls into the object model by calling the RunWithElevatedPrivileges method provided by the SPSecurity class. C#: SPSite siteColl = SPContext.Current.Site; SPWeb site = SPContext.Current.Web;SPSecurity.RunWithElevatedPrivileges(delegate() { using (SPSite ElevatedsiteColl = new SPSite(siteColl.ID)) { using (SPWeb ElevatedSite = ElevatedsiteColl.OpenWeb(site.ID)) { string SiteCollectionOwner = ElevatedsiteColl.Owner.Name; string Visits = ElevatedsiteColl.Usage.Visits.ToString();string RootAuditEntries = ElevatedSite.RootFolder.Audit.GetEntries().Count.ToString(); }} }); 57. What is the difference between method activity and event activity in Work Flow? A method activity is one that performs an action, such as creating or updating a task. An event activity is one that runs in response to an action occurring. 58. What does SPWeb.EnsureUser method do? Checks whether the specified login name belongs to a valid user of the Web site, and if the login name does not already exist, adds it to the Web site. e.g SPUser usr = myWeb.EnsureUser("mmangaldas"); 17
59. How to query from multiple lists? Use SPSiteDataQuery to fetch data from multiple lists. 60. How Does SharePoint work? The browser sends a DAV packet to IIS asking to perform a document check in. PKMDASL.DLL, an ISAPI DLL, parses the packet and sees that it has the proprietary INVOKE command. Because of the existence of this command, the packet is passed off to msdmserv.exe, who in turn processes the packet and uses EXOLEDB to access the WSS, perform the operation and send the results back to the user in the form of XML. 61. What is the difference between Syncronous & Asyncronous events?
Synchronous
calls ending with 'ing' E.g. ItemDeleting Event Handler code execute
BEFORE action is committed WSS waits for code to return Option to cancel and return error code
Asynchronous
calls ending with 'ed' E.g. ItemDeleted Event Handler code executes
AFTER action is committed WSS does not wait for code to return Executed in its own Worker thread. 62. What is ServerUpdate() ? Any changes in the list, i.e. new addition or modification of an item.. the operation is complete by calling the Update method.But if a List is set to maintain versions .. and you are editing an item, but don't want to save it as a new version, then use the SystemUpdate method instead and pass in 'false' as the parameter. 63. How to work with large list in SharePoint List throttling is one of the new options in SharePoint 2010 that enable to set limits on how severely users can put the exhausted down on your servers. In a husk, what it does is allow you to set a limit for how many rows of data can be retrieved for a list or library at any one time. The most basic example of this would be if you had a list with thousands of items, and someone created a view that would return all of the items in the list in a single page. List throttling ensures that such a request would not be allowed to execute. The hit on the server is alleviated, and the user gets a nice little message that says sorry, we 18
cant retrieve all of the data you requested because it exceeds the throttle limit for this list. 64. How can you force SPQuery to return results from all the folders of the list? If you use SPQuery on any SPlist . It will bring back results from the current folder only. If you want to get results from all the folders in the list, then you need to specify the scope of the query by the use of ViewAttributes.. e.g. query.ViewAttributes = "Scope=\"Recursive\""; 65. What is query.ViewAttributes / If you use SPQuery on any SPlist . It will bring back results from the current folder only. If you want to get results from all the folders in the list. Then you need to specify the scope of the query by the use of ViewAttributes.. e.g. query.ViewAttributes = "Scope=\"Recursive\""; 66. What is List View Threshold This is the maximum number of items that can be retrieved in one request. The default value is 5,000. Important to note as well, the smallest you make this value is 2,000. 67. How to override List throttling using object model
Using List Object Model SPList list = SPContext.Current.Web.Lists["Interview"]; list.EnableThrottling = false; SPListItemCollection items = list.GetItems(listQuery);
Use in SPQuery SPQuery listQuery = new SPQuery(); listQuery.Query = query; listQuery.QueryThrottleMode = SPQueryThrottleOption.Override; list = SPContext.Current.Web.Lists["Interview"]; SPListItemCollection items = list.GetItems(listQuery);
SPList
68. Difference between Close() and Dispose() Method
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The basic difference between Close() and Dispose() is, when a Close() method is called, any managed resource can be temporarily closed and can be opened once again. It means that, with the same object the resource can be reopened or used. Where as Dispose () method permanently removes any resource ((un)managed) from memory for cleanup and the resource no longer exists for any further processing. 69. What is the use of Form Digest control? The FormDigest control generates a security validation, or message digest, to help prevent the type of attack whereby a user is tricked into posting data to the server without knowing it. The security validation is specific to a user, site, and time period and expires after a configurable amount of time. When the user requests a page, the server returns the page with security validation inserted. When the user then submits the form, the server verifies that the security validation has not changed. 70. What is the structure of the InfoPath form data?
Document based Form: List based Form: Flat
Hierarchical
71. How to debug InfoPath 2010 WebForm? a. Build in Debug mode (Project Properties > Build > Active (Debug) b. Enable full Debug Info (Project Properties > Build > Advanced) c. Clear "Enable Just My Code" and select "Suppress JIT..." (Tools > Options > Debugging) Then you can deploy your template and attach to either the correct w3wp process or the SPUCWorkerProcess for a sandboxed solution - for this you will need to use Visual Studio. 72. Use of InfoPath form Web part? It is used to show the published InfoPath form in SharePoint webpages. 20
73. What are the types of input forms that can be created for a workflow? You can create four different types of input forms including An association form An initiation form A modification form A Task edits form. 74. What is a sandbox solution One of the biggest problems with SharePoint 2007 development is that all of its solutions run with full trust. This makes SharePoint administrators hesitant to publish any solution that may disturb the stability of the SharePoint farm. Sandboxed Solutions, new in SharePoint 2010, address this by allowing site collection administrators to deploy solutions that are safe to run. The Sandboxed Solution is effectively a process separation engine, designed to allow code within the sandbox to run in a separate worker process thread, thereby moderating the concern that an overly busy application pool will interfere with other normal operations. 75. What is the use of Sandbox Solution? In the SharePoint 2007 environment, many companies feel they need to separate even their normal business process data from custom applications developed using SharePoint as an access mechanism, by placing these applications under a separate application pool and thus preventing development changes from affecting the server. Sandboxed Solutions are aimed at creating business agility. This helps to satisfy the demanding nature of business by quickly creating and deploying solutions. Businesses can deploy these solutions rapidly because there's less risk and less need for a review process to slow them down. Site collection administrators can even deploy third-party solutions without fear of bringing down the entire farm 76. What all SharePoint item types supported by Sandbox Solutions? List definitions List instances 21
Content Types/Fields Navigation Web Parts derived from Web Part Event receivers Custom Workflow Actions Workflows
77. How to monitor Sandbox solution Site Collection administrator can monitor resource usage of Sandboxed Solutions via Site ActionsSite Settings Galleries Solutions. The simple dashboard shows how much resources have been consumed by deployed solutions. 78. What is Service Application module in SharePoint In SharePoint 2010 Shared Service Providers (SSP's) are replaced by Service Applications. Services are no longer combined into a SSP. They are running independent as a service application. The service application architecture is now also built into Microsoft SharePoint, in contrast to the Shared Services Provider (SSP) architecture that was only part of Office SharePoint Server 2007. A key benefit here is that all services are installed by default and there is no SSP setup additionally. The services architecture is extensible, allowing third-party companies to build and add services to the platform. Services are managed directly in Central Administration (In SSP it was a separate administration site). Services can be monitored and managed remotely. Services can be managed and scripted by Windows PowerShell Shared services communications take place over HTTP(S). Shared services do not directly access databases across farms. Most new services are built on the Windows Communications Framework. They have optimization built into their protocol, using binary streams 22
instead of XML for data transfer. Test results show improvements in network throughput with this change. 79. What is the limitation and advantages of SSP and Service Applications? The key limitation of the SSP architecture was that it was configured by using a set of services, and all Web applications associated with the SSP bore the overhead of all the services even if they weren't being used. To change the service configuration for a particular Web application, a new SSP would have to be created. The service application architecture on the other hand, allows a set of services to be associated with a given Web application and a different set of services to be associated with another Web application. Also, the same service application can be configured differently in different Web applications; therefore, Web sites can be configured to use only the services that are needed, rather than the entire bank of services. Similar to the SSP model in Office SharePoint Server 2007, a single set of services can be shared by all sites in a farm. By publishing a service application (from the sharing group, under Service application tab), you can share it across server farms. This capability does not apply to all service applications, and some services can be shared only within a single server farm.
The service application model provides a suitable approach to addressing the scalability and delegation issues with SSPs and also is a fundamental enabler for a much wider feature capability in SharePoint 2010. Indeed the service application model pushes Microsoft's most "service orientated" product vastly further ahead in the realm of distributed application platform sanitation. The service application model allows SharePoint 2010 to scale further than ever before, way further. It also introduces flexibility with respect to deployment that is unmatched in the marketplace. 80. What is Enterprise Metadata Management? Enterprise metadata management is a set of features introduced in Microsoft 23
SharePoint Server 2010 that enable taxonomists, librarians, and administrators to create and manage terms and sets of terms across the enterprise. 81. What Changes are made in SharePoint 2010 to enforce Referential Integrity? In SharePoint 2010, Referential Integrity is enforced using two options, available with Look-up columns. While creating a Look-up column, you can either choose a) Restrict Delete or b) Cascade Delete to define a relationship between the Lookup list and the list containing the look-up Column 82. Where can I use InfoPath? With InfoPath, you can simply develop Web Services "hooks" that allow data to be submitted to and retrieved from a variety of applications. Developers can use InfoPath to quickly create new, feature-rich user interfaces to those legacy applications. This process is both much faster and less expensive than the task of re-engineering the legacy application, and can result in a huge cost saving. You can transfer and re-use data with InfoPath, as its base is XML and so its now easy to exchange data between two incompatible systems. 83. Core Advantage of using InfoPath Ability to communicate between two Incompatible data format Browser-Compatible Form Broader usage scope, it gets easily integral with other office product. Offline support, InfoPath forms don't have to be filled out while a user is connected to a network. Users can save forms to their computer, work on them offline, and then submit them to the corporate network when they are reconnected. Low cost and Fast Development 84. What are the elements we can apply workflow? At the level of a list (or document library) At the level of a content type defined at site scope At the level of a site ( SharePoint 2010 )
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85. What are the ways to initiate the workflow? Automatic (on item added or item updated) Manual (standard UI interface) Manual (Custom UI Interface) Programmatically through custom code 86. What are ways to create input forms for workflow? Two different approaches can be used to develop custom input forms for a workflow template. You can create your forms by Using custom application pages, which are standard .aspx pages deployed to run out of the _layouts directory Using Microsoft Office InfoPath 2010 87. What is the difference between method activity and event activity in Workflow? A method activity is one that performs an action, such as creating or updating a task. An event activity is one that runs in response to an action occurring. 88. How Does SharePoint work? The browser sends a DAV packet to IIS asking to perform a document check in. PKMDASL.DLL, an ISAPI DLL, parses the packet and sees that it has the proprietary INVOKE command. Because of the existence of this command, the packet is passed off to msdmserv.exe, who in turn processes the packet and uses EXOLEDB to access the SharePoint, perform the operation and send the results back to the user in the form of XML. 89. What is ServerUpdate()? Any changes in the list new addition or modification of an item the operation is complete by calling the Update method. But if a List is set to maintain versions and you are editing an item, but don't want to save it as a new version, then use the System Update method instead and pass in 'false' as the parameter. 90. How can you force SPQuery to return results from all the folders of the list? If you use SPQuery on any SPlist it will bring back results from the current folder only.If you want to get results from all the folders in the list then you need to
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specify the scope of the query by the use of ViewAttributes.. e.g. query.ViewAttributes = "Scope=\"Recursive\""; 91. What are the service applications that have its own database in SharePoint 2013 App Management Service (new) Business Data Connectivity Managed Metadata Service Search Secure Store Service Machine Translation Services (new) State Service Usage and Health Data Collection User Profile Service Application Word Automation Service Access Services App databases (new) (2010 and 2013) 92. Which are the service applications that should run in Web front end and application servers?
In web front end Servers
SharePoint Foundation Web Application Inbound email

In application servers
You can decide which services should run in each app Server. But you should make sure SharePoint Foundation Web Application service should be stopped in App Server. The Service Application Model also allows us to deploy more than one instance of the same Service Application 93. What are the core capabilities of SharePoint 2013 Below are some major additions are revisions Education Module. SharePoint 2013 has a new education module that enables administrators to create a fully-functional e-learning system in their SharePoint farm. 26
Request Management. Administrators can use the Request Management feature to distribute Incoming requests across Web Front-End servers in the SharePoint farm. For example, they can use static weights to route more requests to a new, high specification server and thus take load off an older, slower server. You could also route all requests from a particular browser, such as IE9, through a specific server or deny requests from certain IP address ranges. Shredded Storage. When users make changes to documents, SharePoint 2013 can apply those Changes to the document in the content database without a full refresh of the whole document. If only a single change has been made to a large document, this can enormously reduce the quantity of data sent over the network and, if versioning is used, the volume of the content database. Enterprise Content Management (ECM). Many improvements have been made to ECM especially in the field of eDiscovery, which is the process of locating all document records that relate to a specific subject or legal case. You can also use Team Folders to consolidate content stored in SharePoint and Exchange. Web Content Management (WCM). In SharePoint 2013, the structure and navigation of a WCM site is defined by managed metadata terms. This approach is highly flexible and enables administrators to reorganize their entire Web site without moving any content. Search. In SharePoint 2013 there is a single Search engine that combines the best features of the SharePoint and FAST search engines in SharePoint 2010. New configuration objects, such as Query Rules and Result Types allow administrators to customize result sets to an unprecedented level. Client object model (CSOM). The CSOM existed in SharePoint 2010 but has been greatly extended in SharePoint 2013 to enable 94. What is Apps for SharePoint 2013? What is the different type associated with the same In SharePoint 2013 there is a new custom component called the apps for SharePoint. This is the Recommended way for developers and third parties to create new functionality and user interface components. We will see, later in this module and throughout this course how developers create these Apps. However the SharePoint 2013 27
Apps infrastructure also benefits SharePoint administrators by making it easier to manage the life cycle of custom applications. The following features are included: SharePoint Marketplace. This global marketplace for apps for SharePoint is a single repository of custom components, available to all SharePoint customers. Administrators can enable users to purchase apps, on behalf of the company from the marketplace, or restrict that right to a small number of budget holders. Once purchased, an app becomes available to all users in the SharePoint farm. Corporate App Catalog. This catalog is a private repository of apps within the SharePoint farm and controlled by farm administrators. Users can choose to install these apps in any SharePoint site in the organization. Removing Apps. Apps for SharePoint is contained entirely within a sub-site of the SharePoint site in which it is used. Therefore, when a user or administrator removes the app, the sub-site is removed cleanly and no objects are retained in the parent site or elsewhere. This clean removal aids app management. Apps in Multi-Tenant Farms. In a multi-tenant SharePoint farm, there is a one Corporate App Catalog for each tenant organization. This ensures that both tenants must pay for their app usage and that removals do not impact other tenants A new Visual Web Part Template has been added to Visual Studio 2012 for Creating Visual Web parts for SharePoint 2013. In this new Template both the User Control and Web Part Classes are merged to create one template unlike SharePoint 2010 where you had a separate ascx and web part file. Also, now you can create both Sandbox and Farm solutions using Visual Web Part Template.
95. What is the change associated with new Visual Web Part in SharePoint 2013?
96. What is TilesViewWebPart in SharePoint 2013? SharePoint 2013 Introduces a new Getting Started Web Part that has Tiles to provide an easy access to some of the main links in the Site like adding lists or libraries, Creating master page etc. To Programmatically Create this new Web Part a new abstract base class TilesViewWebPart has been added in SharePoint API.You have to Create a Custom Web part and Inherit from TilesViewWebpart and Override GetTiles() to Create Custom tiles. This be good branding solution in SharePoint 2013
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97. How we can you Create & Deploy Sandbox Solutions in SharePoint 2013? Sandbox Solutions are depreciated in SharePoint 2013.You can still create them and deploy them but they are not much compatible. I suggest to go for Apps model in these scenarios. 98. How we can force a Solution to be deployed to 15 Hive and not 14 Hive? If the solution was Created in Visual Studio 2010, we have to would add SharePoint Version=15.0 attribute in Solutions manifest.xml file to force it to deploy in 15 Hive instead of 14 Hive. If the Solution however is created in Visual Studio 2012, you dont need to do anything; it gets deployed to 15 Hive by default. 99. Is it possible to deploy Master Page and Custom Css from SharePoint 2010 in SharePoint 2013? Master Pages and CSS have changed a lot in SharePoint 2013. We can deploy a master page in Master page gallery but the styles from old core.css need to be updated. 100. Is it possible to use fabulous 40 templates in SharePoint 2013? Microsoft is not creating any New Versions of these Templates. The old Sites based on these templates can be upgraded only if the Templates are installed successfully in SharePoint 2013. 101. Do we have any support for PDF in SharePoint 2013 SharePoint 2013 now offers some Out-of-box support for PDF.PDF icon is now natively supported and PDF when opened in SharePoint 2013 will try to open in the Adobe Reader and prompt user to either checkout & open or open the file in PDF directly.
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102. Do you have any idea about Digital Content types? In SharePoint 2013 Microsoft has introduced a new set of content types called Digital Asset Content Types for better use of Audio, Video and Images as Web Content. These content types can be added to any library and can be used as a one of the items files.
103. What are the types of players that we can used to play SharePoint 2013 Video files? SharePoint 2013 supports two Video players HTML 5 player and a Silverlight ` player. SharePoint chooses the player automatically, depending on the video format that it meets in the video set. For example, if the format cant be played on the HTML 5 player, the SharePoint uses the Silverlight player for playing it.
104. Can we embed Video from external sites like YouTube in SharePoint 2013 SharePoint 2013 have natives support for IFrames.We can now embed dynamic content from other sites, such as YouTube videos or maps to any SharePoint site by using IFrames. We need to add the Domain for the external site in HTML Field Security first. 105. Do you have any idea about Cross-Site Publishing? Cross-Site Publishing is a new Feature in SharePoint Server 2013 that enables you to reuse content across site collections, web applications, and farms. You can use cross-site publishing to Create branded Internet, intranet and extranet publishing sites. 106. Is Sharepoint 2013 have better performance compared to earlier versions? If so how? SharePoint 2013 Introduces Minimal Download Strategy and Distributed Cache Service to Improve Page Load; and Shredded Storage to Improve Storage required for saving files. Office web apps integration with SharePoint is also a added addition for the browser based rendering of Office document. 30
107. What is Distributed Cache Service? The Distributed Cache service provides caching features in SharePoint Server 2013. The microblog features and feeds rely on the Distributed Cache to store data for very fast retrieval across all entities. The Distributed Cache service is built on Windows Server AppFabric, which implements the AppFabric Caching service. Windows Server AppFabric installs with the prerequisites for SharePoint Server 2013. The Distributed Cache service is either required by or improves performance of the following features: Authentication Newsfeeds OneNote client access Security Trimming Page load performance
108. What is Shredded Storage? With Shredded Storage feature enabled, every document and the Changes made to the document, is stored in SQL as multiple Shredded BLOBS. Whenever a new Version of a document is created, only the BLOBs of the document that Corresponds to the Change are saved as opposed to the entire document as a new version. This feature helps to lower down the amount of storage required for saving files. In SharePoint 2010 when saving a document, such as a documented opened from SharePoint with the Office 2010 client, only the incremental change to the document are submitted over the network from the client to the server; however, the document is coalesced on the Web server requiring a full read from the database server, and subsequently the new file inclusive of the change are written to the database server. Shredded Storage at its most basic is designed to ensure the write cost of updating a document is proportional to the size of the change, and not of the file itself. 109. What does the e Analytics Processing Component in SharePoint 2013? The Analytics Processing Component in SharePoint Server 2013 analyzes both the Content and the way users interact with it.The results from the analysis are 31
added to the items in the search index to be used by Search Web parts, Recommendation Reports, Most Popular Items reports and other Web Parts. 110. What are Device Channels in SharePoint 2013? With device channels in SharePoint 2013, you can render a single publishing site in multiple ways by using different designs that target different devices for example mobile devices etc. These device channels can each be given a different master page and CSS file to give users a more optimal viewing experience. For more Info see Plan device channels in SharePoint Server 2013
111. What are the ways an app communicate with SharePoint? We have two options d. REST and JavaScript APIs e. Managed APIs (.NET) 112. What are the options available to publish an app? a. Public SharePoint app store-Which will be public b. Organizations app catalog-Which is specific to the organization 113. What is meant by OData in SharePoint 2013 The Open Data protocol (OData) lets you access a data source, such as a database, by browsing to a specially constructed URL. The Open Data protocol (OData) lets you access a data source, such as a database, by browsing to a specially constructed URL. This allows for a simplified approach for connecting to and working with data sources that are hosted within an organization. OData is a protocol that uses HTTP, Atom, and JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) to enable developers to write applications that communicate with an ever-growing number of data sources. Microsoft supports the creation of this standard as a way to enable the exchange of data between applications and data stores that can be accessed from the web. 114. What is the use of OData? This is the most simplified approach for connecting and working with data sources that are hosted within an organization.
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115. What is an OData producer, and some examples?
OData Producers expose their data in a structured way through web service. SharePoint Foundation 2010, SharePoint Server 2010, SQL Azure, Windows Azure Table Storage, Windows Azure Marketplace, SQL Server Reporting Services, Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011, and Windows Live can be considered for the examples of the same. For SharePoint to use the data exposed by a specific OData producer, an external content type must be created inside SharePoint. As with all SharePoint external content types, it contains all the connectivity information that is needed to connect and communicate with the external system. 116. What is the use of OAuth in SharePoint 2013? To authorize requests by an app for SharePoint to access SharePoint resources on behalf of a user and to authenticate apps in the Office Store, an app catalog, or a developer tenant. In the case of app authentication, the authentication process verifies a claim that is made by a subject that it should be allowed to act on behalf of a given principal. Apps can be authenticated in several different ways. When a call is made to an app web, for example, unless that call is an OAuth call, the call is attributed to the app associated with the app web. If it is an OAuth call, SharePoint 2013 uses the Windows Azure Access Control Service as the app identity provider. OAuth is one of several ways for an app to be authenticated, but authorization is consistent across all apps, regardless of whether the apps use OAuth.
117. What is a workflow stage shape in SharePoint Designer 2013?
Workflows in SharePoint Designer 2013 now include the notions of stages, loops, and steps. Workflow authors can group a number of individual actions and conditions as a single unit to more clearly define the process. For example, there 33
could be an Approval or Request Feedback stage or step. Within that stage or step would be all of the actions that are necessary for that process. The stage or step itself might be one node of a longer workflow and would allow a viewer to see the status of that stage as a whole, rather than a set of individual actions. A stage can contain any number of shapes and may include branching. The stage or step itself might be one node of a longer workflow.
118. What is the Machine Translation Service? Using machine translation will allow users to send content to Microsoft for translation. Microsoft may use content users send us to improve the quality of translations. If you use the Machine Translation Service in your application, you are responsible for informing users that this application will allow users to send content to Microsoft for translation and that Microsoft may use content users send us to improve the quality of translations. See Microsoft Translator Privacy for more information. Machine Translation Service is a new service application in SharePoint 2013 that provides automatic machine translation of files and sites. When the Machine Translation Service application processes a translation request, it forwards the request to a cloud-hosted machine translation service, where the actual translation work is performed. The Machine Translation Service application processes translation requests asynchronously and synchronously. Asynchronous translation requests are processed when the translation timer job executes. The default interval of the translation timer job is 15 minutes; you can manage this setting in Central Administration or by using Windows PowerShell. 119. What is PowerPoint Automation Services? Many businesses, large and small, use their Microsoft SharePoint Server libraries as a repository for Microsoft PowerPoint presentations. These businesses all have their own particular needs for storing, distributing, and updating their presentations. Microsoft PowerPoint Automation Services is a new feature of Microsoft SharePoint Server 2013 that can help enterprises to manage their presentations. It is a shared service that provides unattended, server-side 34
conversion of presentations into other formats. It was designed from the outset to work on servers and can process many presentation files in a reliable and predictable manner.
Using PowerPoint Automation Services, you can convert from the PowerPoint binary file format (.ppt) and the PowerPoint Open XML file format (.pptx) to other formats. For example, you may want to upgrade a batch of PowerPoint 972003 files to Open XML presentation files. You could also create a custom action in the Edit menu to allow users to create a PDF version of presentations on demand.
120. How can you add a HTML Master Page & Css with Design Manager SharePoint 2013 In SharePoint 2013 you can easily Use HTML Master page along with its CSS and Images for the look and feel of your SharePoint site. You do not need to work on SharePoint designer anymore. The new tool is called Design Manager. Its actually not a tool or anything its a new feature added to Look and Feel in Site settings. The Design Manager assists in creating the master page from simple HTML, CSS files. The SharePoint designers or Admins only need to create these designs on an HTML editor or Notepad and Convert that into HTML, CSS and Images. Once these artifacts are ready, the design manager can process these to generate a master page. 121. What are the three user authentication methods that SharePoint 2013 supports? Windows claims Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML)-based claims Forms-based authentication claims 122. Which one is the most recommended method Claims-based authentication methods are recommended 35
123. What types of authentication does Business Connectivity Services support? a.Anonymous b. Basic c. Windows d. Custom authentication to OData services when it is used with the Secure Store Service 124. What Is An Event Listener in SharePoint 2013? What is the use of it? The event listener includes an event subscriber. The subscriber receives notifications from the event publisher (on the external system side) on changes to the data and then initiates predefined actions when changes occur it Enables SharePoint users and custom code to receive notifications of events that occur in an external system. The supported connections for an external system? OData SQL WCF
125. What are the new improvements in Excel Services in SharePoint 2013? Field list and field well support Calculated measures and members Enhanced timeline controls Application BI Servers Business Intelligence Center update
126. What are Community Sites in SharePoint 2013? Community Sites offer a forum experience to categorize and cultivate discussions with a broad group of people across organizations in a company. 127. What is a ranking model in SharePoint 2013 search? A ranking model determines recall (which items are displayed in the search results) and rank (the order in which search results are displayed). 36
128. What is a Continuous crawl? Eliminates the need to schedule incremental crawls and automatically starts crawls as necessary to keep the search index fresh. 129. What does document parsing functionality do? Document parsers extract useful metadata and remove redundant information. 130. Is Visual Upgrade available in SharePoint 2013? It is not available. Site collection administrator can either go for visual upgrade from the site settings 131. What is the use of Stemming in SharePoint Search? Stemming is a feature of the word breaker component used only by the query engine to determine where the word boundaries are in the stream of characters in the query. A stemmer extracts the root form of a given word. For example, running, ran, and runner are all variants of the verb to run. 132. What is the use of Word breaking in SharePoint Search? A word breaker is a component used by the query and index engines to break compound words and phrases into individual words or tokens. If there is no word breaker for a specific language, the neutral word breaker is used, in which case word breaking occurs where there are white spaces between the words and phrases. 133. What is the use of RB and RBS protocol in SharePoint Search? RB & RBS protocols are used to index Exchange servers public folder. 134. Capabilities of Fast Search in SharePoint 2013 Content-processing pipeline Metadata extraction Structured data search Deep refinement Visual search Visual best bets Development platform flexibility Ease of creating custom search experiences 37
Extreme scale and performance
135. What are the uses of Refiners in SharePoint Search? Refiners which provide the ability filter down the search results using the returned metadata without have to re-run the actual search. 136. What are the features of Federated Search? No additional capacity requirements for the content index, as content are not crawled by SharePoint Enterprise Search. Can take advantage of a repositorys existing search engine. For example, you can federate to an Internet search engine to search the Web. Can access repositories that are secured against crawls, but which can be accessed by search queries. 137. Difference between list and library? A list contains items that are collections of fields/properties/columns. Optionally each item can have one or more attachments. A library is a list, but has one and exactly one file associated with each item. A library item also has fields/properties/columns. Simple way to say this is that a list item has a focus on "text" stored in fields/properties/columns, while a library has a focus on a single document. Checking option: SharePoint list doesnt support check in and check out options but SharePoint Library supports. Search: When the user searches for a keyword in a document, if the document is in a list then search returns the list item as the result. When the user searches for a keyword in a document, if the document is in a library then they find the document listed in the search results. List examples: Contact lists, Task lists etc. Library examples: Picture library, Form library etc.
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138. What is External list throttling Same as internal list throttling, SharePoint also supports External list throttling. External lists are lists that are connected to other systems using BCS and External content type. 139. What is your understanding on Column validation rules? A validation formula at the column level cannot include any other columns besides itself. For example, [Column1]> [Column2] is an invalid formula and SharePoint will not allow it to be used at the column level. In this case, you want to use list-level validation. 140. How to do validation if the field values dont allow more than 8? Formula = LEN ([REGION]) <8. 141. How to do validate if Due date is not greater than equal to current date Enter the [Due Date] > Today () formulae in column validation while creating the Due Date field. 142. Why should you not use Render ()? [only use RenderContents() or use the more OO approach and implement CreateChildControls() ] A. Basically the WPSC provides developers with a SharePoint specific client-side DOM that allows developers to listen for events, interact with Web Parts and even set properties. all through script on the client. The WPSC is implemented using a bunch of client-side code. You can see a snippet of it if you look at the source of a SharePoint page. When SharePoint renders the page, it adds a unique ID to the HTML <TABLE> as well as a unique ID to the <DIV>... developers can use these ID's to get to the Web Part via client-side code. When you use RenderContents() or CreateChildControls(), the rendered markup produced by those methods is put inside the <DIV>. If you override Render(), you are replacing the entire <TABLE>! Thus, by replacing the entire table, you are breaking the WPSC... the whole SharePoint specific DOM.
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143. What is claims based authentication? Claims is a new authentication method that SharePoint 2010 can utilize. This allows a single authentication store for multiple types of authentication (Windows NTLM, SQL FBA, LDAP, etc) which allows all of these types of authentication to access SharePoint under a single URL.Claims creates a SAML token based on the sign-in, that contains the users identity. 144. How do we use the claims identity outside of SharePoint? LOB systems External partner services Separate SharePoint farms 145. What is LINQ to Sharepoint? o LINQ is a feature of the programming languages C# 3.0 and Visual Basic .NET o LINQ adds, to each of the languages, a SQL-like syntax and vocabulary for querying data sources. o LINQ to Sharepoint allows developers to use SQL-like syntax to query Lists and Libraries in Sharepoint. o LINQ to Sharepoint internally converts the LINQ query to a CAML query to fetch records
Advantage: Strongly typed access to the entities of the list. Disadvantage: If the new columns are added or its data type changed, the data
context class used by LINQ is no longer valid and may break the code
146. Do you know any tools that can be used to create DataContent classes for use in LINQ queries? SPMetal.exe 147. What are the advantages and disadvantages of LINQ to Sharepoint ? Advantages: Intellisense 40
Strongly typed access to the entities of the list Faster development Simplify complex queries
Disadvantages:
If the new columns are added or its datatype changed, the datacontext class used by LINQ is no longer valid and may break the code Extra layer to the actual CAML query
148. In Sharepoint 2010, at what levels can a workflow be activated? (Alternative Question: What is the additional scope a workflow be activated in Sharepoint 2010)? Work flow can be activated at list or library level Site level Web Application level
149. Can a workflow created in Sharepoint Designer be edited in Visual Studio? Yes. If you have created the work flow as reusable. You can import the same n Visual studio and update it 150. Can MS Visio be used to create a Sharepoint workflow? MS Visio cannot be used to create the Sharepoint workflow itself, but can be used for workflow visualization. What this means is that, the flow diagram designed in Visio can be imported in Sharepoint Designer where all the functionality can be added and deployed to Sharepoint. 151. What are the two base classes a WebPart you are going to use within SharePoint can inherit from? There are two base classes that a WebPart which is going to be consumed by SharePoint can inherit from, either the SharePoint WebPart Base class or the ASP.NET 2.0 Web Part base class. When inheriting from the SharePoint WebPart Base class your derived WebPart class will inherit from Microsoft.SharePoint.WebPartPages.WebPart. When inheriting from the ASP.NET 2.0 WebPart base class your derived WebPart class will inherit from System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts.WebPart. It is considered good practice 41
to use the ASP.NET WebPart base class since the old base class is meant for backwards compatibility with previous version of SharePoint, however there are four exception when it is better to leverage functionality from the SharePoint WebPart base class: Cross page connections Connections between Web Parts that are outside of a Web Part zone Client-side connections (Web Part Page Services Component) Data caching infrastructure
152. What are the differences between the two base classes and what are the inherit benefits of using one over another? The difference is the Microsoft.SharePoint.WebPartPages.WebPart base class is meant for backward compatibility with previous versions of SharePoint. The benefit of using the SharePoint WebPart base class is it supported: Cross page connections Connections between Web Parts that are outside of a Web Part zone Client-side connections (Web Part Page Services Component) Data caching infrastructure
ASP.NET 2.0 WebParts are generally considered better to use because SharePoint is built upon the ASP.NET 2.0 web architecture. Inheriting from the ASP.NET 2.0 base class offers you features that inherit to ASP.NET 2.0, such as embedding resources as opposed to use ClassResources for deployment of said types. 153. What does the RenderContents method do in an ASP.NET 2.0 WebPart? The render contents method will render the WebPart content to the writer, usually an HtmlTextWriter since WebParts will output to an HTML stream. RenderContents is used to tell how the controls that are going to be displayed in the WebPart should be rendered on the page.
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154. What the difference between CreateChildControls and the RenderContents method. The CreateChildControls method is used to add controls to the WebPart, and the RenderContents method is used to tell the page framework how to render the control into HTML to display on a page. 155. What is the WebPartManager sealed class? What is its purpose? The WebPartManager sealed class is responsible for managing everything occurring on a WebPart page, such as the WebParts (controls), events, and misc. functionality that will occur in WebPartZones. For example, the WebPartManager is responsible for the functionality that is provided when you are working with moving a WebPart from WebPartZone to WebPartZone. It is known as the the central class of the Web Part Control Set. 156. How many WebPartManager controls should be on a page? In order to have WebParts on a page there has to be just one WebPartManager control to manage all the WebParts on the page. 157. What is a SPSite and SPWeb object, and what is the difference between each of the objects? The SPSite object represents a collection of sites (site collection [a top level sites and all its subsites]). The SPWeb object represents an instance SharePoint Web, and SPWeb object contains things like the actual content. A SPSite object contains the various subsites and the information regarding them. 158. What is the use of SPWebApplication object? The SPWebApplication objects represents a SharePoint Web Application, which essentially is an IIS virtual server. Using the class you can instigate high level operations, such as getting all the features of an entire Web Application instance, or doing high level creation operations like creating new Web Applications through code. 159. How we can get the SMTP address of the SharePoint site? We can use SpWebApplication.This is a Web Application level setting. You would iterate through each SPWebApplication in the SPWebApplication 43
collection, and then use the appropriate property calls (OutboundMailServiceInstance) in order to return settings regarding the mail service such as the SMTP address. 160. Do we have any other way to send mail SharePoint Yes, there is. You can use the SendMail method from the SPutility class to send simple emails, however it is not as robust as using the System.Net.Mail functionality since it doesnt allow things like setting priorities on the email. 161. Where Did OWA ULS Logs Go In SharePoint 2013 One of the neat features about SharePoint 2013 is that Office Web Apps has been split off into it's "own product" so it doesn't have to be installed on a SharePoint server anymore. There are lots of reasons to do that, like being able to maintain a separate patching schedule, being able to do a patch with no downtime, using the same OWA farm for multiple SharePoint farms or other applications, etc. One of the things that can be tricky to figure out though is what to do when you need to troubleshoot an issue. Well it turns out that we still have ULS logs for OWA, even though it's not "SharePoint" per site. The log files are not where you're used to finding them though - you need to look in the C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\OfficeWebApps\Data\Logs\ULS folder to find them. That's the default location, you can change it as well using PowerShell. Once you find them the same tools that you use to examine SharePoint ULS log files will work with these as well. 162. Can we update Web.config Settings Programmatically? One way to modify web.config settings is to use the SPWebConfigModification class of the Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration namespace, which allows you to dynamically register entities. These modifications are persisted in the configuration database where they function as a kind of virtual web.config that effectively serves as the final layer of the .config file stack for the SharePoint web application. The changes become effective when the SPWebService.ApplyWebConfigModifications method is called. 44
163. How we can deploy master pages in SharePoint? We can deploy master pages as features in SharePoint. We can use feature stapling to activate the same in different sites. 164. What is the difference between Site Definition and Site Template?
Site Definitions
A site definition is the core definition of what a site is in SharePoint. A site definition is installed on file system of web front ends, located at ..\15\Template\SiteTemplates. This directory is language-neutral. A site definition consists of .aspx pages and .xml files with Collaborative Application Mark-up Language (CAML). A major benefit is that the Page and List definition is read locally from the file system, not from Content Database.
Site Template
A site template is created through the user interface or through implementation of the object model. The site template package is a package containing a set of differences and changes from a base site definition. The site template package is stored as a CAB-based file that can be downloaded or uploaded to site collections by users with the appropriate rights.
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Conclusion
These are our answers to some of the SharePoint interview questions. Please refer MSDN for more details. Please use this as a starting guide for preparing for your interview. This is my forth book and I am sincerely expressing my heartfelt thanks to my guide Mr. Mahesh Chand. I also would like to extend my thanks to my friends Jerin Xavier, Rahul Lathika and Jibin Koshy for contributing to the book Also, I would like to thank John Panicker for the design work.
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SharePoint Interview Questions

68. Difference between Close() and Dispose() Method

SharePoint Foundation Web Application Inbound email

115. What is an OData producer, and some examples?

117. What is a workflow stage shape in SharePoint Designer 2013?

Extreme scale and performance

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