118 128 138 148 158 168 178 188 198 208 218 230 ier ism as wae Me. Zi Jewish Primary School Faculty of Economics and Management b ‘The Netherlands Architecture Institute Enric Escuela Hogar en Morella Michael American College of Greece Toyo Public Kindergarten at Eckenheim John Christopher Place Koh Shiroishi Elementary Schoo! Shin Shoji Ueda Museum of Photography Edvard ‘Museo de! Juguete Willan P Deer Valley Rock Art Center / The New Phoenix Central Library Extension of the Geschwister Scholl Schoo!‘The access to the university complex is through the old courtyard of « factory, which has been converted into a public square by eliminating the outer walls.The side facades of the building conserve their tech- nological character, but they have been adapted to the new uses. 1 ade West Elevation / Al.North Elevation / Alzado norte The different schools and communal services have Pe eer cs ee ane ce ee ene ee ed ee en eee eee ecDifferent details of the roof ond the sky- emus oe ee Pee Re i ee eas Pe ge ete los intriores del centto universitario,Norman & Partners University of Cambridge Law Faculty (Cambridge, U.K.) 1995 The new building is expressive of the university's desire to provide the most up to date facilities for teaching and research, Four storeys high, with a further two floors below ‘ground level, the building does not intrude into the established skyline. The ground floor contains the staff common room, teaching areas and administrative offices. The lower ground floors are taken up by the auditorium, book stores and the student common room, which is lit naturally by means of a full height atrium - the focus of the main entrance. This atrium visually links all floors to crecte a lofty spaciousness within the tightly formed configuration of the building. Natural light is used to dramatic effect, especially in the library. Here the feeling of spaciousness is developed further with terraced floors following the line of the curved northern facade. This creates a single, grand volume, linking oll the naturally lit reading areas of the three storey library. Externally, the curved north facade’s structural silicon glazing develops into a stainless steel roof above. The west facade and port of the east facade are also glazed and carefully designed to address solar heat gain and glare. The west woll forms a sinusoidal curve in plan, resolving the 45° cut of the cylindrical form with the trianguler geometry of the north elevation. The vertical south facade is part clad in reconstituted Portland stone, reflecting the raised faculty building opposite, and port translucent glaz~ ing with clear horizontal vision strips. These are sha- ded from the sun and incorporate openable win- dows for natural ventilation. Internally, the structure provides considerable flex- ibility for the faculty, with generous column-free ‘spaces. Particular ettention was given to the finish of the visible in situ columns and pre-cast beams to create a high quality finish, achieved by sand blast- jing the conerete fo expose its Scottish granite eggregate 20 vevo edlficio exprean al deseo do-lo unveridad de habs lier unc foculad con fas més modemas insolacianes para Io iaducacion @ inn ‘Con custo pisos de oltra y_ dos plonics adicionales debo 1a plana bajo, el edficio no estorba (0 estobloci de lo ploria boja con! fas aulas y nade de forma retural madi alla del edificio =el foco de la en strechameni foxmads cof spacialmonio en lo bibloieca. Aqui es dond te la sensacién de ompltud, fomentods ave siguen ltinea corvade de la fachadla no Exieimamente, ef. ccristalemionto, seco de silcona de lo fachads curvocks que de mma cubleria de acero inaxidable. la fachoda oes y pare de fa exe estén tombién acritalodas, y euidadosarventeciserads irel coke resplondecienie. £1 mor foe 2 sinisoid ef ndbica con fa geomet hiangule del olze do Forand, rflsando la lexibildad coe dar enarenad on a sahSite plan. The university building is situated among frees and vegetation. Foster hos managed ot all times to take advantage of and conserve the high: quality setting. ~ 2 emtrameeCross Section / Seccién tansversal In the construction of the Law Faculty Foster makes use of his habitual building materials. los materiales emplecdos pora la consivecién de lo Focultad de Derecho son los habitvales en la metodologia de Fosterz 25 = a5 i 3 3 - i 2Hajime & U.PM. Bunkyo University Gymnasium (Koshigaya, Japan) 1995, This building was planned as the first extension project of a small private university located on the outskirts of the metropolitan area of Tokyo. The cam- Bus was saturated ond chaotic after « process of per- missiveness in the addition of new structures that lasted for thirty years, until all the development land in the area was eccupied. The project included three buildings that were to be built successively. The land needed for this was obtained by demolishing old structures one by one. The process thus takes on all the typical characteristics of development in metro- politan areas. The gymnasium project was modified seyeral times during the design, which made it necessary to reduce the number of floors from three to two. In response to this condition, thematic rigidity had to be avoided in the design of the building. Otherwise the building would have had to be redes- igned each time new changes were introduced. This ‘aspect can be seen in the two walls suspended on the sides of the building, which show both two and three floors. These walls are the greatest expression cof the indecision involved in this project, masking the ‘xis of the campus and concealing the real content ‘of the space that is contained by them. The same principle of avoiding planes that form closed boxes ‘was applied in the horizontal plane formed by the folded roof, which has o structural function and extends beyond the limits of the volume. These three planes somehow create ambi spaces between them towards the periphery of the vvalume, which brings to mind the open nature of tra- ditional Japanese architecture. 30 Fle edificio fue ploneado como un primer paso dé la ompliacién de una pequata universidad privada siuado 20 fas afveras de! érea metropolitana de Tokio, 6|:compus qoeds atestado y desorganizado tras un proceso de per mnisivided en la ecicion de nuevas estucturas que ha dorado heinto aos, hasta que se ha convertide en wna zona en la que el suelo uibanizable ho: quedado tora ‘menie ocypado. & proyecto incluia tes edifcios que debian consmirse sucesivamente, Para ello, of suelo nace sari se+ha consegoido demibondo viejas estucteras, una por una. Asi, el proceso asume los ipicas carociersicas del desarrolio'del canto. metropolitan. 6 proyecto de! agiimmasio ha sido modticado varias veces durante su dise Fro, cosa que ha obligade o reducir de tes 0 dos el n (ode pisos Paro hacer fiente a esta condicién, el ediicio tenia que ser disefado con unos rasgas desprovisios de rigide femética, De otto mode habia lenido que ser rediseriada cade vez que oparecieran rusvas cambios bien rellejado en los dos moros suspendidos en los lados del edificio, que muesttan tonto dos planios como res. Es sentido mismo de’ ka indeterminacién, la eshctura fenmascara 6) axis del campus, yo que james muesia sy contenido reo! ni el volumen del espacio que queda ocul 10. E] mismo principio -evitar ls panos que forman cojas fas-, se oplicé en ol plono horizontal, que es en reo: lidad una cubierta, Un tojado plegado cuya forme tiene fincion de estuctura se extiende més allé de los limites a! volumen los tes grandes planos crean de alain mod esp ios ombiguos ent ellos hacia la periferia del volumen Jo que evaca el cardctor abierlo de ka arquilectaa to ionol joponasaEast Elevation / Alzado este West Elevation / Alzado oeste South Elevation / Alzado sur North Elevation / Alzado norteAxonometric View / Axonometria — S S a N XN ; ¥ a ‘ ~, . . NS XN Cross Sections / Secciones transversales iThe sporadic use of colour and the almost constructivist geometric forms of some architectural elements hove been adopted 80 a5 to form @ synthetic space. El uso esporédico de! color y las formas geo imétricos casi constuctivstos de algunos ale mentos arquilectinicos se han adapiade pore enformar un espacio sinético. The opening of spaces is a recurring element in tra- ditional Jopanese architecture, lo operra de espacios es un elemento recutrente de lo ‘rguitectura japonesa tradicionalThree views showing the type of structural systems usedFirst floor plon / Primera planta Ground floor plan / Alanis bajaThese two views of the interior show how the zig-zag roof permits the light to enter the whole gymnasium from the sides.Adrien Museum of Fine Arts (Clermont-Ferrand, France) 1992 Situated on the north end of the old ramparts, the Clermont-Ferrand Museum of Fine Arts occupies a strategic position on the east-west axis of the Clermont-Ferrand felt strongly that the new museum should be an enriching urban element and, create that interaction so vital between building and «ity. Thus, the architectural plan was two-fold: First, to restore a group of XVII century buildings (in a state of ill repair), recreating at the same time the historical unity of the area Second, to create a contemporary urban space giving access to the historical quarter where cent- Uries ego stood “La Porte du Soleil Levant” (The Gate of the Rising Sun) an entrance to the walled town, By covering the lower courtyard with @ glass-web- bed structure supported by a central column natural light pours into the center of the group of existing buildings and into the exhibition spaces on three floors, which are grouped in a crown around the newly created atrium, all of which is distributed by a sofily sloped ramp inviting the visitor on an architec tural promenade This atrium is now the major space of the museum. The large ramp, situated in the airium, distributes the floors and unites the various buildings into a harmonious whele, while bridges project around the atrium combining @ dramatic spatial event with the museum's sequence. The museum can be visited chronologically in a ‘mounting spiral pattern or one can orbitrarily select one’s path. This flexibility avoids the frustrating labyrinth-like course'so often encountered in trad- ifional museums 40 Siwado en el extemo norte de las viejas murals, el ‘Museo Clermontferond de Bellas Artes ocupa ure pos: cién esttatégica'en el je esteceste de le ciudad. 1 municipio de Clermontferiand crey6.fimemente ue el museo debla ser un elemento urbane enriquecedor que creaia eso interaccién vital entre edificio y ciudad pot fo que la «fasta» arquitckinica fine un doble inten n: por una parte, restautar un grupo de edifcias del siglo xvii en mal eslado, recreando al mismo tiempo fo unidod hisiévica del reo. Por otra parte, se tiataba de crear un espacio urbono conlemperéneo dando ceceso.o) Baio aniquo donde ta de leva), wh deja eritor faz natural al conjunic: de ecificios exis tun plan claramenie kincional qoe weansforma estos edit los en espacios de exhibicién de hres pisos, agrypados fen circulo akedador de! oro recientemente creado, al 8 accede por una’ ligera rampa que ivi at vs S0.arguifectsnico 19 aio jo may pleceta pablica stad en fa ‘acceso al atrio dlsibyye todos fos pisos y une los dln fos adficios en un conjunio armonioso, mientras hace de puenie al proyecto alrededor dl ‘ecantecimiento. exp. ‘espacios del mus ciel musoo, y efeja lo ie, combinar aimatico con ke sucest fl edifcio puede ser visitado cronok siguiendo una nia con forma de esaital o bin elgiendo crbireriamente el comino, Esta fexibiidad evito trante tumbo laberitico que fan o menudo se en een fas museas lrodicionales.Three views of the Museum of Fine ArtThe museum was conceived as a contemporary spa- ce located on the edge of the historical centre, a context consisting of recently restored seventeenth- century buildings. 43The entry of natural light into the interior of the museum is solved by the incorporation of a large skylight supported by a centralSite plan / Pler 3 Secction through the chapel, the raised courtyard and the sculpture gardenFirst floor plan / Plano de la primera planta in SNR Se S a \ SES he a ee A\ ’ OSS Section through the atrium and the chapel / Seccidn a través del atrium y la capilla 47‘Access within the three-storey space is by means of ramps, which fociliote internal routes without drastically breo- king up the floor plan, spacia, dividido en tes pisos, se ha resvelo mediante ranpos que facilian los recone sin romper crs comente le planta.Light, both natural (left) and artificial (right) has fa luz se ha tratado como un elemento de arquitectwo been treated os an architectural element for the cohesionador del espacio, tanto si es naka fizquierda, cohesion of space. como si es alicia (derecho).The east facade is opaque; the facade facing the River Rhone is smooth and glazed, and the third facade that looks onto the Roman circus is formed by projecting and transparent elements. 53 ica lastLongitudinal section / Seccién longitudinal Axonometric view / AxonometriaCross section / Seccién transversal tal Lhe ment Tt int int intAll the exhibition rooms located on the ground floor compose a circular route around an open interior space. Teas las salas de exposicién siwadas en lo plonta bojo componen un recotrido circular akededor de un espacio interior abiono ross section / Seccién transversalPerry Community Education Village (Perry, USA) 1995 Perry Local es District's new Community Education ‘comprised of four elements: @ school for idergarten, through grate four; al schoo! for grades five through eight; a high school; and a physical education/community fitness center. These facilifes, designed in association with Burgess and Niple, are located on a 162-acre site which is distin- guished by mature trees, ravines and creeks. Each school is designed to accommodate 1,500 students ond fits into a notural clearing. The wood- lands surrounding the buildings provide scenic views from all classrooms. Three tributaries of Red Mil Creek have cut natural ravines, one of which sep- rates the lower from the upper grades. The facilities are organized around formal courtyards and are connected by an enclosed walkway which bridges the ravine. Aihletic facilities which include an ouitioor foot- ball stadium, baseboll fields and a swimming pool, serve both the shools” physical education programs ‘and community recreation programs. Additional shared facilities include the high school’s 850-soat theater and more than 15,000 square feet of band, choir and orchestra facilities. The entire complex is visually interactive and offers folevision broadcasting/receiving capabilities ond communication hook-ups in all classrooms. 60 lle nueva comunided educative dé la esctielo est for ‘mad por cuatro elementos: un jardin de Infancia para ids hase el cuarto rival, una escuela pa niffos que curson del nivel quino al octavo; deers 2 seconeari, y un ceno de onleniniento fisco, Est insolociones, proyectades por fa ascciacién de Burg iale, se sikian en un espacio de unos 6.500 me Siboles, bairancos y riachupls Cod eshidiant escuela esti coger }.50L n un claro natural. Todas le ¥ 38 encajo Tres allventes del riactuelo Red Mill han formodo barran cos naiurales, uno de ellos separa el nivel bajo del alo los insialaciones asin organlz canectan ene sf mediante un camino c eu puente sobre el b dl ven fonlo comunitorios. Oras edi -ompanios iaclyen el teatic del insiluto, de 850 plazos de aloro, que cvenia con mas de 1.380 metros cuadtados paro el uso de lo banda, el ¢ complejo este cise ado par capacidad de dit xién en cadena de esiaciones de radio.en tedos fa ules. a de las (0 y la oquesi er audiovisualmenie inlevaciivo, y offece la‘a TYSite Plan / Plano de siwaciénPS ol a —" orThe community consists of four elements: kindergarten, primary school, secondary school ond sports installations. All the materials and architectural elements have been chosen for their durobility and eose of main- tenonce.In the interiors special interest has been token to make the sun- light reach ll points of access ‘end communal facies, a fundo- mental aspect for educational life. riotes $0 ho tenido espacial The instollations are organized around the ceniral court and connect with each other through a fenced path that bridges the gully.Other basic aspects of the project were the recreational and sports facilities, such as the swimming pool and gymnasium. Otros aspectos basicos de la intervencién han sido las instalaciones lidicas y deportivas, como la pis- cina y el gimnasio. iJean-Michel Institut Universitaire Technologique (Auxerre, France) 1993 In order to integrate this first department of the University Institute of Technology into the surround- ing landscape, it was decided to place the building on piles, respecting the slighily modified topography of the site. It is situated on the banks of the River Yonne, and takes into account the characteristics of «a flood land. It also provides parking space. The ree- tangular form of the building is the result of the organization of the activities around a central court ‘on two levels, which are veritable light wells forming ‘© meeting point for students ond staff, The omphitheatre is situated ot the front of the building, and its access is within the axis of the entrance fo the building, It is intentionally made to stend out in order to be perceived from the outside ‘and to enjoy 9 status of autonomy and force. A very unusual system of openings was designed for the classtooms sitvated on the periphery of the building: long narrow gloss panels open partially at ‘the bottom and top of the walls. This helps the stud- ents to concentrate on their work by preventing the outside activities from creating a distraction whilst maintaining views of the sky and the vegetation. This configuration also offers a one-piece wall along the whole length of the room, and allows objects and documents fo be hung on o panel On the exterior these horizontal openings give rhythm to the facade. The Institute has a sober con- temporary architecture and was made with rough ‘concrete, glass, and aluminium for the facade of the A finde integrar del mejor modo posible este primer departomento de (a IUT de Aurore deairo del poisoje que le rodea, 0 ha elegido un bastimiento sobre piles, que espota la topogyatia, ligaramente modicado, del pare je. Sitado a orlas del Yomne, tiene en cuenta los carae tersicos de un temeno inundable, y dlberga, iguolnenic, lun epareamiento para vahiculos de dos y cunt ruedas la ferme rectangulor del bastimienio procede de ka orga nizacién de fodo el conjunio de actividades okededor de it potio central sobre dos riveles, verdaderos pozos de luz que constiuyen el puno de encvenko enite estudian tes y profesor. El onhieato se sda en ba proc de! Bost acceso es danto del eje de lo ental dol Une patie volunforiamente destacada, para ser percibida desde el exterior y beneficiarse a la vez de un estows de ‘autonomia y fv ara el ecinjunto de alos sitmadas en lo parifevia del bastimiento ha sido concebido un principio de abertiras muy particular larga placas de vilio de ola reducida se akren porcialmente en fa parie baja y otto de los muras; esto facia la concentvacién de los: estudiantes, evilonde cualquier distraccion con las actividades del exlerio7, pero sin privor de una abeviura ol cielo 0 al vere palsoje. Ademés, esta configuracién ha consent fu cacién de un muro de uno sola pieze sobre toda la lon _gind de la solo, que permite calgar objetos 0 deci Jos de abajo sobre un pane En 0) extaror estas aberiras horizontals dan ritmo a lg fochado. EV IUT, de ura sobrio arquilecura conta ‘éne0, ha side realizodo en hormigén brut y vidio, y climinio pare la fachade exterior del anfteato.In order to fully respect the topography of the terrain and the character of the landscope, the buildings is raised on piles.73‘The building has © sober contemporary architecture. H was built with long, narrow glass penels, rough concrete for the walls and aluminium on the main focade of the amphitheatre. Eledifclo, de une sobria anquitsctora ido reali al 7School in Grosslobming (Grosslobming, Austria) 1996 Where the two existing buildings formed an ensemble situated above ground, the third element, the now primary school, was placed under the ground, in-between, countyards define the architec- tural frame of reference. With the site location, Szysthowitz & Kowalski reocted to the topography. Their intention wos to change the surrounding parkscope as little as possible in its originality. With reference to the given situation, free hill formations were created in the middle of which the building was placed in the earth, The new building was relatively cleorly positioned on the axis set by the Chéteau, olbeit moking a minor axial adjustment. With the aid of stripes made of various materials, the axes emanating from the Chateay are clearly documented. The main entrance to the primary school is loca- ‘ted on the west face of the complex, The entrance is defined by a light system of columns which is com- bined with gloss and conerete block walls. A gener- ‘us glass surface provides a view through the entrance hall up to the school of domestic science which allows the viewer to comprehend the lining up of the three individual buildings and offers a hint of the multi-layeredness. The special feature of this location is made evident by the section drawing: the primary school, the school of domestic science and the Chateau appear to be stepped up in height ‘almost merging into one single entity The transition from the “climatic” outside into the inlerior of the school flows, as it were. The trans- pareney perceivable from the outside is made the primary theme of the interior. The hall is illuminated ‘through the roof. The pointed parallel roof-lights concentrated in the middle of the roof look almost like small greenhouses from a distance. They are Positively pressed upward through the earth’s crust with @ force thet is seemingly caught up by the surrounding earth walls. 78 Donde los dos edifcios existentes formon un conjunio elevado; ef ercerelemento ~fa nena escuela primario- fa sido infencionacomente emplazado 0 10s de suelo, En 46 zone central, los patios definan la eshuctura arquilecté nica de referencia. Con esta lecalizacién a ras de suolo, Szyszkowitz & Kowalski reaccionan conta ta topogiat 0 inlgncién es Ja de cambiar lo menos posible Ja origi roid del paisaje de los olededores. Pora dar una idea dla situacion exegrdtico previa, fa formacin de calinas se encuentia jusio en ef cenkro del lugar donde e! edificio esioba situado, Fl nuevo ediicio se olinea de forma clara en. el sje que marca ef Chéleay, haciendo un pequefo’ ojuste ‘axtal, Gon fa ayuda de rays en al suelo shechas con dls Hates materiales, los ejes que emanan del Chateau que dan clotamenie marcados. {entoda principal @ esi6 focal z0d0_ al Jado esle del complejo thea! del conjunto. ta sitoacién de la entrada ests defnide por un sistema columns luminosas que se combina gén. Una generosa supeticio acristak una imagen de Ya, en domésicas, qué permre al espectadar comprendlor Ja al fneacién de los tres ediicios indlivicvales. El rasgo espe |'de-la siteacién es evidenle por el dibujo de su sec ‘i6n° la escuela primar, la escuels de ciencias domés ficas y el Choleav porecen acrecentados en su. aura, ‘casi como fisionades er: una sola'enlidad, lo transicién del exterior climdlico of it be escuela parece fi lo ronsparencio, perceptible desde ef exterior, es el tema principal del interior. El vestbulo est6iluminado cenlialmente, pero lelas y marcadas que emanai ef cent’ de la cubierta on cristal y bloques ado facte la escuela de clenr lecho:3e concenion'en i Como pequeyios invernade 108 Jejanos. Ekin fteralmente empotradas en la cubiero, la: contndencia de algunas de-estos esttucturas queda aporentemente malizada por los muyos de los akededoGround Floor Plan / Planta baja- 1995-1996 |The common spaces formed by gardens, covered corridors and central courts have been used to give cub ic fe a uiblzado po cohesion and to link the different buildings of which nary enlazor ente silos dierent the school is composed, 3 a2The transparency and integration of the buil- ding in the environment ore probably the main characteristics of the work. South Elevation / Alzado surB4West Elevation / Alzado oeste The glazing on the south side pro- vides sunlight and heat that lead to a considerable saving of energy. los acrisialamientos en la vertiente sur proporcionan luz solar y calor que permiten lograr un considerable ahorro energético. East Elevation / Alzado este7; Ts ioAlvaro Centro Gallego de Arte Contemporéneo (Santiago, Spain) 1993 The building is located in an interesting and com- plex monumental area, on the edge of the historic centre of Santiago de Compostela on a new major thoroughfare, Rua de Ramén del Valle Inclén. The complex consisis of a museum, a conference hall, ort is established with the new part of the convent of Santo Domingo de Bonaval and the current museum of Galician Art, of which it seems to be a prolonga- tion. Siza presents the blind facade of the Centre as a high granite wall marking the limit of the property belonging to the convent, thus closing the corner giving onto Calle de Cara Molina. The front of the ‘new building clearly closes the space created by the two main olements of the ecclesiastical complex (the church and the cloister), thus creating « smoll square Containing the main accesses to the Centre. ‘A rotation of 21 degrees is established between the facade facing the main street and the cemetery behind the convent. This is coherent with the top- ‘graphic structure and is taken as one of the organ- ing elements of the complex. Two large blocks are obtained from it: « compact block formed by the museum and its store-rooms, which belongs mainly 4o the structure of the garden; and a block contain- ing on auditorium and o library which are oriented towards the street. The triangular space created be- tween the two blocks is the main point of circulation. The building has two floors plus a basement. It is organized cround a central corridor that separctes the museum from the services, and a terrace con- ceived as a sculpture gorden that opens onto the urban landscape. The outer cladding of granite panels, contrasting with the white plaster-work and marble used on the interior, favours the integration of the building in the monumentol and ecclesiastic dimension of the city of Santiago. Hl edlfcié s@ encuentro en uno de las zonas mono mentales mas sugestivas y delicodes, en fos finites cel Cento hisi6ico de Saniago de Compostela. El complejo “un museo, une sola laboratorios ats salas de exposicianes- se sitio « lo largo de uno ipal de reciente formacién (Ro de Ramén del Valle Inckin), entrando en relacién directa con el conven Sanlo Domingo de Bonaval -actual museo de Ae conlerencias, Gallego de cuyos nuevos cuerpos parece una prolor gocién Sizo presenta lo ciega fochada del centio. camo un ‘allo: muro de granite que: Ja propie dad de! convanio, cerrando de eska manera lo esquina queda @ fa calle dé Care Niolina. El freete del nueva edt Fcio ciewa decididamene el espacio formado ay los d cuerpo principales dol complejo ecesiéstico fle iglesia y el clousto), creande de este modo uno. espacie de zvela en Ia qu jponen los ot Ene 1a fachado ojjantada ¢ la cake p menterio que se halla dens de! canvent un gio de 21°. Ta paar mpc fo Oy Sus » espacio cent Miangular dest! ‘ado ala distribueién prince El edificio. de dos plantas, més uno plane: sana, se @ través jposillo contral'~que separa el cuerpo del museo del 1, yuna feraz0 conce bide como un jordi El revestimiento exerno de placos de granto, conte puesto lo bloncura del enyesado y del méimal presen fes en e! interiog, Fovorece la. infegiacién a a dimension monumental sacra presente en la ciudad de Sonfiago junes objerts ol paisaThe building is sited in one of the most interesting but complex zones at the edge of the historic city centreThe front of the new building clearly encloses the space between the church ‘ond the cloister, thus: creating 0 square with the main accesses fo the new cen- fre. The outer cladding of granite panels contrasts with the whiteness of the plas- ter-work and marble used on the inte-First Floor Plan /Frimere planta =Longitudinal Sections / Secciones longininaesThe museum building hos two floors plus basement, which are organized around @ central corridor that also gives access fo a terrace conceived os 0 garden of ‘sculptures that is open to the exterior. El editicio del museo cuenta con dos nive- Jes, més una planta satano, que se organi zmn'a'parit de.un pastlo cerita) que acce- de también 0 una tertaza concebida: como un jardin de esculuras abierto al exteicrThe new museum, situated on the land of the old Wakayama castle, is a construction of simple and expressive geometric forms that connects perfectly with the character of traditional Japanese orchitectu-The architectural order, the building forms, the tex- tures and even the colaurs were chosen expressly to ‘ovoid symmetry or the repotition of similar structures 01Axonometric Drawing / AxonometiaFirst Basement Floor Plan / Planio sélano First Floor Plan / Primera planta Second Floor Plan / Segunda planta (On the previous poge we can see how the eaves wero bosed on traditional Japanese architecture, but «re far moro stylized. En la pégino anterior se observa cémo la consiuccién de Jos aleros se ha basado en fa arquitecra joponesa tr dicional, pero mucho més estiizodo.Longitudinal Section / Seceién longitudinal 106, The interior finishes of structures (staircases ‘and pillars), furniture ond fittings fit into 0 strict asymmetric order, which evokes cer- tain aspects of traditional Japanese culture los acabades def interios, tanto de esticturas ~escaleras y pilares- como de jcuan ambien a hari y de into arden asimétrco, que evoca ciortos aspactas de lo culur tradicional de Jape.Opaque parfifions were avoided in the imeior to make the spaces brighter and more diaphanous,Antoine American Heritage Center and Art This 12,000 square meter facility was built with a budget of $13.8 million. The axis of the project is igned with two summits -Medicine Bow Peak and Filot’s Knob in the distant Snowy Range and the nearer Laramie Range. As Predock says, this "con- sciously monumental landscape obstraction rep- resents 0 symbol for future campus growth... and a statement of the powerful spirit of Wyoming” Situated on a 10 hectare site, the complex includes the American Heritage Center and Fine Ars ‘Museum. The potinated copper cone at the center of the building corresponds to a nearby round basket- ball arena, but also calls forth images of a UFO, one of the architect's recurring themes, and is equally reminiscent of o mountainous volcanic shape or of warrior’s sirange helmet. This example illustrates Predock’s copacity to {use sources of inspiration which can be at once qeo- logical and anchored in popular culture. The cone and its base house the American Heritage Center, a research facility for scholars. A long, terraced volu- ‘me with flat roofs, trailing from the cone, houses the University of Wyoming Art Museum, with its collec- tion of artifacts ranging from saddles to mineral maps and stills from Hollywood Westerns. The block-like elements of the museum, intend~ ed to recall the architecture of Pueblo Indians, are built with sandblasted concrete blocks specially formed with a coarse aggregate. 108 Museum (Laramie, USA) 1993 Estos instalociones de 12.000 m? han costado 13,8 inillones de’ dblores. El xis del proyecto est6 olineads sobie dos eispidls cle Snowy Range y de Laramie Range “Medicine Bow: Peak y Plot's Knob Como Predeck mismo dice: «Esta abskacciée mosumenial y conscienia de un paliaje es un simbolo del futro desorrole del cam pus, y uno afimacion de fe creciente personalidad de en umn fetrena de 10 hectéreas, el comprende al American Heritage Cenler y el Mi Bellas Aries. El.cono de cobre sitvado en al cenito del ed fieio comesponde.a un estadio de boloncesto circular de 20 tk las cercanias, pero recuerda igualmente las imagenes de los abjetos volanies no identficados (uno de los temas ‘ecurtentes del arquitecto|, una fora volcénica o bien el escudo de un guerrero Este ejemplo ius fo. copacidad. de Predock pata onarlos fvntes de inspitocién tanto gealSgicas como 1a poplar. El cone y su base forma Canter, on canto de investigacién 10 volunen en cono esi6 osypado por el Museo Wyoming, cuya colecei6n que come tas de cabal «.mopas, pasando por coleeciones foo uid en bloques de korrigén ieviones de lo an Pueblo. 0 auléctona de los indLOC eC a Tag granulated reinforced concrete blocks forming sim- ple, forceful geometric compositions that could be ee cea Coa OTe ee Lene a ae oe CO eee ee ee eee eee ae tree ‘que podhian considerarse como una referencia a lo aig ete ae tel= Cross section / Seccién transveysal‘Axonometric in cross section / Axcnometia seccionad nsThe spectacular interior spaces were formed by means of a very plastic treatment of the volumes and the architectural use of light and shade,Jewish Primary School (Berlin, Germany) 1995 The first Jewish school to be built in Berlin for more than 50 years will be erected in the leafy suburb of Chalottenburg. Hecker’s project is a sing- Ular attempt to integrate the particular programme ‘of @ Jewish school and to understand it as a meta- phor of o still greater task, namely that of an opti- mistic outlook for the Jewish community in Berlin The site is a long rectangular plot which stretches roughly southwards from Waldshulallee. The north- ‘west comer is occupied by an existing nursery school cond Hecker decided to divide it into four quarters, with the bulk of the building in the north-east and south-west sectors, leaving the south-east quarter ‘open for games. Onto this fundamental strategy, Hecker imposed his spiral sunflower geometry, which spins out from a circular entrance court towards the north end of the site. The spiral is expressed os a series of curved wedg- es of accommodation (mostly three stories high) which generate from the court. The wedges are connected by winding glazed corridors, arranged so the best trees on the site are preserved in the inter- ening open spaces. The moin entrance is on the east side of the court. To the loft is the assembly room (which can be con- verted for use as a synagogue] and to the right is the dining hall, which is served by separate kitchens. The classrooms, for 30 separate classes intended fo cater to between 350 and 400 students, are ‘arranged in the curved wedges, generally in single banks served by radial corridors; itis these corridors that are linked by the intervening winding path The school in Berlin is a city within city. Its streets meet at squares and the squares become courtyards. The walls contain the school, but they also build walkways, passages ond cul-de-sacs. The outside of the school is olso the inside of the city, as the school becomes the city. ne Después de 50 ofios, la primera escuela judi cons truida en Berlin se evighd el barrio de Charlotenburg. El proyecto de Hecker consis en un intonto singular de int sgror el paricular programa de una escuela judia y enters detio. como. una metéfora de la gran tarea. pendiente entendidla desde una perspecve optimista por lo comu add judo en Beatin El emplazamienio esté sivado en un tereno largo y ‘eciongular que se eviende toscamente hacia el sur desde Woldschilalae. 1a esquina notoeste est ocypada por tuna quarcleria preexistente, os! que Hecker decidté div diflo en cuatro partes, con el volumen del edificio en los sectores noreste suroeste, defando fa porte surest abier Jo para juegos. En asia estategio fundamental, Hecker impuso su geometria de girasol en espiral, que se proton ga desde una ent lugar Ia espiral exté expresacla como una serie de cufias eurvades de adecuacién lla mayoria. de tes plan ‘aluro} que parien del otrio de entrada. las cufas os tadas mediante pasilas de cistal en espitcl, oc rnades de forma que las mojores érboles del lugar se han onservar en los espacios obieries a entiade principal esté en el lado este del abio. A iequierda se encuenica fo sala de oscmbleos [que rede ser utltzada como sinagego] y ala derecho se fn los comedores, que son seporodes 350 y 4 3s curvadas, general duoles prov unides ol pasilo en espirl. la escuela en Berlin es como una ciudad den fa creler hata la punta novo dl -rvidas por distntas cocinas 30 clases distin columnos, y estén colocadas en las dopa sos de pasilos radiales, que a su vi cobon en plazas, y los pl de la cluded.In the basic strategy of this singular work, Hecker imposed a geometry of a spiral sunflower, which develops from the centre to the north point,3 é 8 2 / Planta segunda Second Floor Plan 124The spiral walls of the school are the school itself. But they also form streets, landscapes, walks and squares, as if all these exterior structures formed a small and self-sufficient cityThe school has fatilifies for up to 400 students, in classrooms thet are grouped together in the curved wedges, in most cases in individual departaments with radially arranged corridors la escuela, con capocidad pora 400 alumnos, agrypa fas avlas y las sitéa en las cufas curvadas, casi sie ‘en departamentos individuales pravistos de pasillos les, 127Architekten Faculty of Economics and Management (Utrecht, Holland) 1995 The design of the new Faculty of Economics and Management had three starfing points. First, the building is situated in the so-called Kasbah zone art of the “de UithoF" campus). The kasbah is a trad- ional feature of North African cities and is char- ‘acterised by compact, low-level buildings and beou- fifully looked-after patios. Following this model, the building surrounds three patios and has only three storeys. The building has a clear structure. On the side of the main entrance, the nerth side, the building has @ gloss facade. Immediately behind it is the “confer- ence section’. This section contains the lecture rooms, multi-media library and restaurant. The lect- Ure rooms are in closed “boxes” which seem to float in the transparent construction. Between the lecture halls, on different levels, balconies have been creat- ed which can be used for various purposes. The “boxes” are covered in different materials so that each has its own character. At right angles to the conference section are two corridors, which give ‘access to the teaching rooms with a view on the cen- tral jungle-patio. The patios form the heart of the building and larg- ely determine the atmosphere. Each one mokes its own contribution. The Zen patio is inspired by el are laid out in two areas lengthwise; they are separated by o steel strip. Fourteen large boulders have been carefully placed on the gravel. This com- position in stone gives the patio a static appearance, ‘which is slightly softened by the presence of two del- icate trees. The jungle-patio is the liveliest and the biggest A the level ofthe firs floor its crossed by steel foot- bridges.They are allowed to overrun the steel bridg- es and determine the dynamic look of this patio. The ‘appearance of the water patio continually changes. Because of the reflecting water surface and the landscape visible through the glass wall, the taimosphere changes in each season and each type of weather. El disefio de lo nueva Faculte Direccién de Empresas tiene res punias de paride Primero, ol edticio esté situado en la conocida zona de Kasboh [pare dal compus de Uihofl. Ei kasboh es on 1e3go tradicional de las civdades del norte de Afca, y s2 caracterizo por su compacided, la escasa altura de los edilicios y sus bellos y cuidados jordines. Siguiendo este modelo, el edificio redea ites patios y sdlo tiene es pisos. El edifcio tiene una estucha clara, En of lado de fo centiade principal, la vertionte norte, se ha sitvado uno Jechada de cristal. Inmediotamenia detiés se encuento fa seccién de juntos. Esa se lye solas de conferen- cias, biblioteca multimedia y cestauronte. las salas de conferencias estén cerrodas en cajas que parecen fltar €n la consruecién transparente. Enre las salas de conte rencias, en distnios niveles, se han constvido baleones que pueden ser villzados con varios fines. las «cajas» estén cublertas de dlstinias materiales de mado que cada na tiene su propio cardcter En éngulos racios 0 la seccién de juntas hoy dos past les, que dan acceso « fas aulas, con vistas af Patio Jungle os patios son el corazén del edlfcio, y determinan en ron parte su aimésfera, Cada uno hace su contribucién El Poo Zen est inspirado en los jardines de medtacién japoneses. Hay dos fipas de giava a lo laigo de dos reas, separadas por un lston de acero. Caloice grandes piedias han sido cuidadosamente colecadas en la grove. Esto compesicion en piedia da al pata una opariencio esiética, ligeramente suavizada por la presencia de des delicados siboles Ef Patio Jungla es més grande y més llano de vido, A la alira dol primer piso, lo ataviesa una pasarela do cere. 1a vegetacién consist an bambi: de distinios colo res, lomofes y textura de hojas, Esté permiido recore de acero para contempler las visios oi patio. La apariencia del Palio de Agua se ente, A cousa de la superficie rfleciante ss del muro de er de Econémicos y 128The project is full of surprising contrasts: rough concrete against smooth wood; opacity against transparency in the different faco- des.Longitudinal section / Seccién longitudinalThe building offers much m tallations. To achieve this the the atmospher dors, and flexi fined spaces. El edlicio oftece mucho més que unas instolociones ed cativas. Para ello las pavios bisicas del disefo fi alméslera, patente en los onchos pails, y lo dd, insinwade en los espacios indetinides Cross Sections / Seccionos rarsversales A TT ithetln tll Paes : Ee ssid] sex med pad Aap stirs nad mad iAt right angles to the administration section, two external corridors with views of the Jungle Court give access to the classrooms. En Gngulos rectos a la seccién de juntas, dos pas los exteriores con vistas al Patio de Jungla sirven para dar acceso 0 las cules.Jo The Netherlands Architecture Institute (Rotterdam, Holland) 1993 The Netherlands Architecture Institute achieves an architectural unity through fragments that work ‘95 @ whole to provide a provocative museum expe- nce. The programs components link not only to funclion effectively, but also to merge in their func- ion making spatial overlaps necessary. lis principal components, museum (exhibition hall), archive, auditorium, and administration ore housed in four distinct building forms, each legible on the exterior by its primary finish. The central hall is entered from either @ broad concrete ramp from the north road or through the pork's entrance over a narrow timber walkway span- ning the reflecting pool. The two entrances form an enjoyable urban route through and into the hall which links visitors vie « wooden bridge to all import- ant spaces of the Institute, Immediately upon eniry into the building one is, suspended -absorbing the visual links to spaces above, below and across, the collage of colour, the intersection of materials and light. The central admin- stration hall, enclosed in glass on a visible con- crete frame, rises under a steel pergola construction serving as a key urban landmark. Its upper levels of ‘offices and public library have views over Rotterdam. Off this hall is the museum, clad in dork red baked brick; its levels of exhibit space are connected by a perimeter stairwell as well as by visual connect- ions between floors The skewed auditorium, primarily of glass and wood, intersects the main hall from the opposite side. Bending from the north, the long gently curved ‘archive in coated steel plate sits atop a concrete ‘arcade that, by night, is festively illuminated by com- puter-directed coloured light developed by the artist Peter Siruycken, ‘A coherence of the fragments comes with light, bright or sombre, passing through the buildings ‘consistent structural bay dimensions. Throughout the museum, the structure and mecha- nical equipment ore exposed. Cipaque and trans- porent surfaces have been carefully arranged, pur- posefully planned for optimum light orchestration. 138 FINA Ilva 0 ca nided arquitectonica a rovés de fogmenios cionan come un conjunte para dar 0. os componenies del programa ima electiva, sino aciales. Sus componentes principal salas de exhibicién del museo, los archivos, el audlioro y la adminishaciSn estin emplazados en cuatro formas de icios disintos, coda una leible desde el exlevor por su Ala sale central se accede tanto por une ancha rompa de harmigén camo por e! parque, a través de un estrecho camino de madera, que se exiende sobre el estanque. los nradas forman una agradable ruta urbana @ faut del yestibulo, que conduce a los visitantes mediante un puenie de madera a todos los espacias emblematicos del insio fnmediatomente después de entrar, uno queda como suspendido, absorbiendo los conexiones visuales de los espacios sitvados anriba, detrds y a través; el collage de ccoloy, fa interseccién de materiales y ka fuz. El cento de ‘administacién, encerrado en cristal y una armaduro visi ble de hormigén, se eleva por debajo de una pérgoka de 0210, Los niveles superiores de ofcinas y la biblioteca ppablico ionen vistas de Rotterdam. Fuera de este lugar esié ef museo, cubjerlo por un escuro muro de ladrillo; su nivel de espacios de exhibicién estén conectados par un perimetro de escaleras asi como (por conexiones visuales entre los pisos. El audiorio inserlado de crsal y madera intercepla el vesibulo principal desde el lado opuesto. Tercido desde ‘el norte, el archivo cubierlo, suavemente curvado de kimi- as de acero, esté situado encima de un arco de hormi- .g6n que, por la noche, se ilumina mediante un sistema de luces de colores dingido por ordenadores, desarrllado ‘por el artisia Petey Situyckan. la coherencia de ls fiagmentos lege con fa luz, br- lane v oscura, En todas las partes del museo lo esinct- 1a y ol equipo mecsnico quedan expuestas. Supericies copacas y transparentes han sido cuidadosamente colocar ds, expresomente planeadas pora una Splima orquestor cin de luces.140 The museum, the archives, the auditorium and the administra: tion have been housed in separe: te buildings.ey it ij Awide concrete ramp forms a pleasant access route to the central foyer‘The different levels of the exhibition spaces ar li ked physically by © perimeter of stairs and visually corridors that function as connections in order toe ‘te a synthetic whole, Ground floor / Plaria baja First floor / Primera plantsThe opaque and transparent surfaces have been carefully designed for on optimum distribution of natural light. ond floor / Segunda plonio Third floor / Tercera plonie Fourth floor / Cuorts plantsRoof plan / Planta cubie Construction deteilEnric Escuela Hogar (Morella, Spain) 1995 “The programme is @ boarding school in a virgin site in the beauiiful Spanish mountoins of the castle town of Morella. The building tries to find its natural ‘orientation at the foot of the mountain. It bends itself in search of sun under the castle.” The building repeats the movement of the town towards the best orientation. This twist on itself from the enirance level focilitates the placement of the dlassrooms and dormitories. Meanwhile, the com- ‘mon areas form the external limit of the buil which follows the contours of the terrain The roof works as the actual focade of the build- ing, ond here one becomes aware of how the build- ing is © pathway and a hall. Different levels of ramps, @ game court, and lattices appear beneath the roof against the slope. The hall is echoed in the entrance patio. The access ramp, the construction on which the whole surface geomeiry is held up, leads ‘off from here. This ramp susiains the excavation which the building completes when it returns to the initial level The form of working the design was to insist on. the intermediate spaces: patios and overlapping ‘operiures forming complex units which seek a relo- sionship with the landscape. 148 2 para ua escuela de ne de las bellas montanas esporo- fos en fa forificade ciudad de Morello. I edificio inti encontar su orientacién natual cl pie de lo montafo. Se ige a si mismo.en busca del sol debojo del castilo.» proyecto se ho basado en el conocido movimiento udad hacia su mejor orientacién, Esta torsién dol nivel de entade foci fa sitacién de cules y dormitorios, mien! uve s0 han sitvado en 2! limite exerior del eck do las curwas de nivel del fereno. £l tejado hace de fachada def edhiicio, y aqui es donde so op difcio es a yun ves Distintos niveles de rampos, potios de juego y en dos aparecen debajo del tejado, apoyades conta la fader El vestbulo so repo en la entrada del patio. Lo rompa de acceso, la constuccidn en la que fode: la super geomética se sosliene, empieza aqui. Esta rampa sos ine la excavacién que el edliicio completers hasta que wekai 9 su nivel inicio forma de rabojar el dsefo y toda la constuecién posterior consisié en insist en los espacios infermedios tales como: patios, aperhras solopacas y unidades que forman complejes, los cuales buscan una relacién con of poisaje jo siguienThe sloping terrain has made it possible to adapt the different built elements for an integral use of the light and the privileged setting,Grond Floor Plan / Planta bojo aSections H, 1,4 / Seccionos H, ly In the design greot emphasis was placed on the intermediate spaces such as the courts and overlap- ping openings, which are integrated into the whole. lo forme de rabojar el diseo consisé en insstr en los expacos intemadios, tales como los patios y las aport cs solopades unidades que se inlegran en el corjunlo In the interior, the interplay of volumes and the glazed surfaces cre specially designed for an opfi- mum use of natural light. En el interior, tonto les juegos de volimenes como las superfcies acristaladas estén especialmente estidiados para e! éptimo oprovechomiento de fa luz natural TT aia ae rer nThe moterials used in all the interiors were chosen according to their strength, durability and ease of maintenance, las materiales empleados en la elaboracién de todas los interiors se han elegido en funcién de su reistencia, durabilidad y facil mantenimiento.Michael American College of Greece (Athens, Greece) 1994. (On a site with facades on two parallel sireets, the urban annex of the Deree American College of Greece, known has been operating since March 1994. On 0 1000 sq.m piece of land there are class- rooms for around 1700 students distributed on eight floors. The layout creates naturally well lit classrooms on the outside and shorter single loaded corridors at the atrium’s edge. Vertical circulation is assured by two staircases ‘and four elevators. The concrete fire escape has an exit on the back street while the wide metal main staircase forms ¢ boundary to the atrium, Different colors distinguish each floor. A student will always know where he is because the distinctive floor's color both in the corridor walls and the class- room window -sill furnishings that cover the air con- ditioning units and shelves. In the first basement there is a library and reod- ing room (On the ground floor there is a large public space between the entry street piazza and the atrium. The cafeteria looks onto the quiet back street and spreads fables to the atrium. There, « small pool has felling water from a height of 9 meters, leading eyes to the building's vertical function. The main entrance lobby functions also as an exhibition space and foyer both of the reception/information desk, and the amphi- theatre The building's structure is concrete. The cladding of brick and the two story exterior arches are re- minders of the US collegiate vocabulary. The copper covered roof completes that imag Brick cladding on the building's interior public walls assures continuity. It is also repeated on mod- lor exes on the ground floor marble paving that spills out on the atrium and the small street piozzas. 158 Situado en un solar con fachadas miando a dos calles patalelas, e! anexo urbano dal Colegio Americano de Grecia finciona desde marzo de 1994. En wna par cela de unos 1.000 metas evadiades, se han constuido cules ara unos 1.700 estudianies, disinbuidas en ocho pisos la disposicién de las plantas conforma aullas con he minacién natural en el-exteror y covts posills indice les en el bode del aio. la citevlacion vertical ests ase- gerada por dos escaleras y cuotio ascensores. ta salida de emergencia de hormigén desemboca on la call, mientras fa ancha escalera principal de metal forma un fmite con ef ot. los sueesivas colores del prisma dan nombre @ cada piso. Asi el esudiante siempre sabe dénde se encuentra gracias al color distinvo de cade planta, que se repite Yo on los muros do los pasillas como en las ventanas de las aulas, asi como en los muebles que cubren los unk dades de aite acondicianado y en fas estanterias En cuonio 0 lo distibucién de los espacios, en el pri mer sétono se ha ubicado la biblioleco y la sala de lec tu; en la planta Lojo, un gran espacio pablico en aio. All, una pequeta pis una altura de nueve metros, conduciendo la vista hacia fa del edifcio, El vosibulo de lo en cipal funciona to smo un espacio de exhibicién y en of s@ encuentran tanto fa meso de recepcién @ infor imiento recuerdan el vecobulrio de lo acabados en vemate, los canalones vertcales y el techo fe ladrilo y los dos arcs exteriores del piso ios americanos. los cubierio, todos ellos en cobre, compleian esa imagen, ‘Ademés, el revestimiento de ladtillo de fos muros de! inte Hior del edificio asegura lo continuidad, También se rept de marmel de lo rende en el aio y on las paque- plonia baja, que se & figs plocetos de fo colleThough the structure of the building is conerete, the brick facing and the large external arcades suggest American high-schools. West Elevation / Fachada oest The layout was decisive not only in the design, but also in the future use of the installations, such as the smoll squares and communal courts.The whole design of Michael Photiadis was aimed at esteblishing large communal spaces and giving the classrooms good natural lighting, 161Longitudinal Section / Seccién lorgitinal Ground Floor Plan / Plano bajar DFypical Floor Plan / Planta po Upper Level Floor Plan / F nivel superiorThe colour points located in the corri- dors, classroom windows and some ele- ments of the furniture are an aid to oriontation. {os punos do colo siyodos en fs postonThe cafeteria is situated in one of the most tranquil zones: one of the rear facades. The tables ore distributed in this space and along the entcance atrium. All the spaces of communal use have been located fon the ground floor: the cafeteria, the main eniran- ce hall, and even a small amphitheatre that is used 4s an assembly hallToyo & Associates Public Kindergarten at Eckenheim (Frankfurt, Germany) 1993 The site is on a small green belt surrounded by mid-base apariment buildings in a newly established residential district on the outkirts of Frankfurt, pop- ulated mostly by lower-income residents from a variety of countries. This facility is to provide o place for children whose working parents connot be ot home. While functioning as a public kindergarten it is also a kind of public home providing food and care for children of up to twelve years of age. In the morning the older students are dropped off and commute to primary school from here. Afterwards they return here, do their homework, play, eat and wait to be picked up. The immediate neighborhood is not the safest and so public authorities requested that the site be enclosed by a fence. rst it was decided to keep the building as low as possible, and unify the limited site ond architecture through landscape design. A single curved wall was erected while a hill on the street side counters the mass of the building The building was opened up on the yard side. The interior floor height was slightly lowered and a slight incline emphasizes interior and exterior continuity. The building comprises two belts: a reinforced-con- crete load-bearing wall zone and an overhanging timber roof zone. A\ first the roof had to be suspend ed but in the end it consisted of triangular panels supported by a pipe truss. The area beneath this folded roof serves os an intermediate zone for the yard, and also es a place that gathers ever-changing sunlight. The zones for the older and younger classes are divided to the left and right of the entrance. Based on flowing and static spatial qualities, it hos been created with various places such as a "secret hide-out” on the second-level, a toplight and hollows in the floors 168 Ej emplazamiento esté situade entre uno verde franjo rodeada por edificios de apartamentos de altura med, «60 un dishito recientemente establecido a las afueras de Frankfur, hobitado principalmente por inmigrantos de diversos procedencias con escasos recursos econd fo instalacién proporciona vn ligar para los nifios cuyos ces nobojan y no pueden atenderles en cosa. Ademas también ¢8 un tipo cuidado 0 de funcionar como jardin de inforco, de caso ue proporciona comida nites de hasta doce atios, For més mayores son recogides y ‘maria desdo este lugar. ego welven, hi ‘es, juegan, comen y esperan a_ser recogides. El barrio Gercono no es muy seguro, de: manera qus los autorider des poblcas pidieron que el lugar fuera cercado con uno valle Primero se decidié mantener el edifco lo més modes tomente posible, y unr visualmente lo yo constuido y lo ‘veva intarvencién a través del disero dol poisoje. Se Jevanié un muro curvado, mientras que una colina en el Jado de la calle confine la masa del edifcio. El conjunto queda abierto en el lado en el que se encventia el patio. La afte inlrior dal piso fue ligera ‘mente reducide y una eve inclinacién enfatiza la cont ‘vida interior y exterior. La consiuccién comprende dos de hommigén relevzado de fo y un tojado sobresaliente de madera. En principio so pretendia que el lecho estwviera sus pendido, poro finalment. 6 Ia pein de colocar ppaneles triangulares soportaclos por un enkomado de tubes /éreo siuada bojo al iocho cubiera srve coma zone intermedia para el patio; por ser la que se beneficio de més cambios de luz. Las aulas pore los pequeros y los mds mayores se separan 0 la izquierda y derecho de fa entiado, respectivament franjas: una zona denThe kindergarten is located in highly degraded setting, surrounded by buil- dings of medium-height in the outskirts of the city of Frankfurt I jardin de infancia se ha ubjcado en on jucciones de aura media, en el adio de la ciudad de FrankfurThe building was specially designed for the enjoyment of children. Its openings give onto the inner court, thus avoiding mediocre views of the exterior without losing natural sunlight and illumination. Eledificio, especiolnente disefado para el dishute de los fies, se-abre en vanes hacio e! lado crientado al patio inferior, de fal mane ra que se eviton las mediocres vistas exteriores, pero sin renunciar a fa entrada de sol y luz natural. 172The materials chosen for the construction of the kindergarten, which had to conform to a very fight budget, are the most appropriate ‘ones for this type of building: reinforced con- crete walls and an overhanging timber roof contrast sharply with the large glass panels. 174 elegides pora la constuccién del ia, muy mediatzadas por un pre Supuesio exiquo, son las més apropiadas para este lipo de edificios: muros de hormigan reforzado y tn tejado salente en madera que contastan fre lemente con los grandes poneles vidriados.Important features in this work are the choice of easily maintained furniture and the preference for bright, cheerful colours on the interior.In the more closed creas, it was decided to install En los zonas més cenadas se ha optodo’ por instalar small overhead light points thot stress the curved equates puntos de luz cenital que enfalizan los lineas lines of the corridors leading to the classrooms, thus curvas de los pasillos interiores de acc a kas aulas, creating a strong architectural impact. creondo una imagen de fuerte impacio arquitectérJohn & Partners Christopher Place (London, U.K.) 1995 Christopher Place hes room for 32 pupils, child- ren who have varying degrees of speech impairment ceused by hearing difficulties. The building sits on an extraordinarily restricted plot, @ very narrow mews behind a messy Victorian terrace and surrounded by the fall towers that line Euston Road. The three storeys are divided into two ports: the larger front part containsthe roof-top terrace and pavilion-like teaching room on the second floor, four classrooms and two therapy rooms on the first floor ‘and offices and assessment rooms on the ground floor. The smaller rear part contains the toilets, lift, staff and family rooms. The shape of this zone is explained by the school’s intention to extend into the adjoining site at some future date. The dovice of an infiled frame is most dramatic ‘and beautiful within the elevation. While the rear facade is white-painted infill block, bulging plas- tically around the main staircaso, the front facade is a powerful composition. This starts with the windows which are made of swiss steel sections bolted to the face of the concrete frame. The fixings ore hidden by beading and the lot is infilled with glazing. (On the outside, the bottom port of each window ‘oppears almost as a window box, but instead of red terracotta, these are clad in zinc. And inside, instead of soil and plants, each bulge contains two deep boxes of beech-laminated MDF. Thus classrooms are provided with a window seat on which a child and feacher can sit, and beside it, an orange box to store books. The MDF boxes, steel frames, zinc sheets and precast stone make up a complex section: with examples of an inside element, such as an MDF seat, everlapping an outside element, such as a zinc sheet; as well os areas where the outside elements overlap the interior ones in more traditional fosh- ion.The zinc, steel, glass and precast concrete foc- ‘ade might do much to excite the architectural imag- ination, but can do litle to entice the kids. But on the inside, the two MDF boxes ore enormously intimate spaces, a point of daily reference within a huge, wide world 178 Christopher Place tiene espacio para 32 alumnos, 1en problemas de comunicacién verbal debi ficulades audiivas. El edlfcio est terreno exkraordinariamente resingido. Una esrecha casi fo derés de una desordenado tertaza vicloriona redeada de oli torres que forman la carretera de Euston los es pisos estén divididos en dos partes: Ia larga pore frontal que conliene la teraza en la cubleric y el pabellén de aulas en e! segundo pi ¥-dos salas de terapia en el primer piso, y despachos Salas de grabacién en la planta baja, la pequeio parte frasera contiene los servicios, el oscensor,y las habitacion nes del personal y las familias. to coniguracién de esta zona se debe @ lo intencién de la escuela de realizar una futura ampliacion El mecanismo de una estructura de relleno es mds dro mético y mds bello en el alzado. Mientras fo fachoda ta sera, e316 pintada de blanco, abultando pléslicaments akrededor de la escalera principal, la fachads frontal es tna composicién poderosa: venlonas realizedas median fe secciones de acero suizo, cenradas de cara a la estuc ura. de hormigan, ieres camullados con bord los, y e} conjunto acristolad, En el exter Ja con una jarainera, que en lugar de ser de terracota roja, esti hecha de cinc. Dento, en vez de tera y plom fas, cada recipiente contiene dos profundas cajas de raya laminada MDF Asi, las aulas estin provisias de ‘sientos en las ven profesor y, junto a ésios, se han sitsado cojas naranjas para. dejar los libros. las cojos MDF. las estruciuras de ‘ocero, fas chopas de cinc y la piedka prefabricada enwelven una seccién compleja: en algunos. puntos un elemenio interior, como un MDF, solapa a un elemento exterior, como las Kiminas de cine; pero, en conjunto, los clemenios exteriores solopon los del interior del modo més radicional Elcinc, of acer, el vidio y el hormigén prefobricado activan lo. imoginacién arquilecténica, pero son poco atractivos para los nifos. Sin embargo, dent, las dos cajas MDF son enormes espacias de infmidad, un punto de referencia diario entre un gigante y amplio mundo. ior, la pane inferior de cada ventana cuer anas donde pueden sentarse alumncConstructional section / Seccién constivetiva The alternation of warm and cold mate- rials such as wood combined with the metal sections and the glass of the win- dows confers « great sense of balance.Site Plan / Plano de sitacién Planimetry / PlanimetioStudents and teachers can sit on the seats next to the windows, beside which the orange boxes for storing the books have been located. En los asienios junto a las ventanas pueden seni nosy profesores [un 0 éslas, s@ han situado las cajas anaranjadas para guordar los titxos, 186The zinc, steel and glass of the facade, which ive it a strong architecturel impact, are com- pleted on the interior with the selective use of colour. Eline, el acero y el vidio de fa Fach te impacto anquitecténico, se complet rior con él use selecivo del colo. de fuer el inte 187Koh Taro Shiroishi Elementary School (Shiroishi Miyagi, Japan) 1996 This school is placed in part of the Shiroishi City Planning Project. Since Shiroishi city wos searching for a new vision of their city, Shiroishi Design Forum was suggested ‘93 an open opportunity to the public, in order fo pro- mote city planning, together with the government, specialists, and citizens. Shiroishi Elementary School was planned as its pilot project. Previously architectural value had more import ance than the opinion of the students, who are the real principals of the school and scale had been reflected in the school planning. So a workshop was introduced es an open plan ring method and the planning wes promoted with the Participation of the students, parents and teachers. The composition consists of two volumes. (One is an open space for the public, which incl- uudes « gym, pool, lecture room, teacher's room and © classroom for cultural activities. The other is @ classroom which adapts to an open educational sys- tem. These two volumes intersectin the shape of an L. The whole design is based on an ecological system, which considers lighting and ventilation. In order to maintain the ambience of the old building, the classroom building was made as o storied building, by introducing the image of the typical Japanese housing such as hiro-mo, hiro-en, The spatial system is composed of one block of class- rooms {which is composed of 4 spaces}, « wide corri- dor (which is also used os a multipurpose room) ond 0 courtyard. Additionally, in order to adapt to an open educational system, a movable partion hes been introduced between the spaces. 188 Cuando en fa ciudad de Shircishi se empezaron a demandr nuevos proyectos pare adoptar una nueva ima: gen urbana, se promulgé el Foro de Disetio de Shiroishi como ure oporimidad abieria al piblico, a fin de prc- mover Jos proyectos de fa ciudad, junto a! gobierno, los especialsias y as cludadanos renciakes sugid el Proyecto cacién de fa ciudad de Shiroishi, y fue ast como se ompezé @ constuit fa Escuela paimaria de Shioishi, ideada como un proyacta pilot Hasta el momenta, el valor arquitecténico ha primado siempre sobre lo epinién de los estudiontes, que en el fondo son los directomente afectados por ol cisero de las esstucuras de una escuela, pero a pesar de ello sus nece sidodes roraments se han visto rellejadas en los proyectos de constuceién. Por esta rozén, se ha inkaducido en asta propuesio un taller como méicdo abierto de proyecios ue han sido premovides pr la poticipacién de este dlantes, podtes y profesor. lo composicién consia de dos vollmenes: Ef primero es un espacio abierio al pablico que inclye gimrasio, piscina, sala de conferencias, sola de profesores y un ‘ula para actividades culuroles. El segundo es un aoa pora estudionies, adapiada 0 un sistema educocional bier, Estos dos volimenes so interceptan formondo ura esructura en forma de L Tado el diseto se ha basado en un sistema ecolégico, ue tiene en cuenta lo iluminacién y la ventilacién. A fin de conservar ef ambiente del visfo edliicio, las aulas xe hon c wiendo las pavias de la anti trucci6n, intaduciendo fa imagen de la cidn japenesa, con el hiroma y el hitoen. £ sistema de espacias est formado por un bloque do ules de estudio Icompuesias por cuako espacios), un comredor(utlizado también como sala muliusos), y un patio, También se ha ineducido una particién mowible tents fos espacios con el fin de adop! educacional fo mas abiero posible. ‘constucSouth elevation / Alzado East elevation / Alzado esie In the design of the primary school of Shiroishi, not only the opinion of the architects and builders was taken into account, but also that of the students.The school consists of two elements. The first houses the gymnasiums, the stoff rooms and the rooms for cultural activ ties; the second element houses the classroom, RT Oo TT FI i North elevation / West elevationSite plan / Plano de emplazamientoThe whole design of the Shiroishi primary school is based on 1an ecological system that takes into account factors such os ventilation, natural lighting and heating. Tado el disefo de la escuela primaria Shioishi se ha basado en un sistema ecalégico, que tiene en cuenta factores como la ventitacion, la ibminacién natural y la calefaccién,Shin & Associates Shoji Ueda Museum of Photography (Tottori, Japan) 1995 This museum building consists of 4 concrete blocks (exhibition rooms) and 4 ponds. Each of the small ponds between the blocks reflects Mt. Daisen which rises for behind the site. Takamatsu's design is in the mainstream of the latest in Jopanese architecture, projecting a com- pad, restroined image, almost devoid of openings in the exterior walls and without aesthetic concessions of any kind. esthetic approach exerts two distinct effects: it produces a slightly magical feeling of the vei the hidden, and at the same time it causes the view to be shifted towards the interior; the surroundings strike up @ relationship with the built volume. The visitor will encounter this beautiful scenery on moving from one exhibition holl to another thereby enjoying and experiencing the surrounding nature. There are two ways to relate nature and archit- ecture; one is done by harmonizing them, and another is made by toking scenery into the architecture. In this museum, obviously the latter is adopted. The scenery is experienced in o direct way. The museum is enwrapped by concrete. By using con- crote for exterior, the museum seems rising up from the ground. The curved concrete wall expresses the lage-like image. Thot is, active and, at the some time, a passive way of communication with scenery. Hf architecture were words, the city would tell story. Takamatsu’s architecture is o word with strong meaning. 198 fste museo const de cvaho bloques de hormigén (halos de exhibiciénl y espacios de agua. Cada une de estos pequefios estanques entte los bloques selleia el monte Daisen, que se eleva a lo lejos, ded de! emplo zamnionto, lar intervencién de Takamatsu, muy en la onda de fas uhimas tendencias de fa arquileclura japonesa, muesa una imagan compacia y resarvada, sin aponas vones al ‘exterior y sin concasiones esteticistas de ninguna clase, Esta concepcidn estética propicia, par una porte un io sentido mégico de lo velado, de lo acuts, y, por ota hace que Ja vista se desplace hacia a exeror el eniosno en su relacién con fo consiwido El visiants disfuta de este bello escenovio cuando se desplaza de una sake 0 oka. Aprovechande el enioro del recoride, el visitante toma contacto con lo naturaleza., Hoy des moneras de relacionor fa noiwoleza y lo ‘orquitecurs; une consiste en ermonizalas, fa otra en ino ducir el paisaje en le arquilectura. Este vitimer har sido pre- clsamente Ja adoptada para fa constuccién de este muse0, cuyo paisaje se experimenta de un modo directo. El museo esti recubierto de harmigén. El hecho de ul fizar hormigén para los exletiores proporciona une sor sacién de elevacién al museo. E! muro curvado de hor migén expreso la escola del monte Daisen. Ia compasicién de pequetis bloques nos recuerde lo imagen de un pueblo. Esto es pasitva y ol mismo tempo, una forma de comunicacién pasiva con al patsoje Si lo arquitectura ivese palabra, la ciudad contoria una verdadera histovia. la axquiteckwre de Takamatsu es como uno palabra con fuerte significadoSecond Floor Plan / Segunda plants First Floor Plan / Primera plantaEach of this small ponds between blocks reflects Mt Daisen wich rises far behind the site. Visitor will encounter this beautiful scenery when they move to cone exhibition hall fo another. 204North-west Elevation / Alzado no 1100 LL | a 205Longitudinal Section / Seccién longitudin Cross Sections / Secciones nonsversales PLT a =|Takenaka's proposal is based on the abstraction and purity of the volumes ond the use of clean materials: the four concrete blocks again form a very forceful profile mens yen la lim airo bleques de hormigén 207A Train Room B, Velocity Room C. City Room D. Privacy Room E, Musical Instrument Room F Reception, projection room, prototypes and moulds G, Mechanisms Room H. Natural World/Rural World Room |. Planes and Boats Room aa 210 002505 1= Lill ot L rier Te ie i em |Velocity Room /Suto sla velocidad»216 Colour has been used to create differentiated enviros ments in which the construction method has made it por sible, at a minimum cost, to locate windows, niches, gle cabinets and light points in any part of the museum.Mechanisms Room Sola de mecanismasCross Section / 5: Longitudinal Section / Sees Bo crest twa oF The interiors are bright and trans- parent, The windows were desig- ned so that all the classrooms have good views, whatever their orientotion