Tài liệu học Javascript

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`nh nghaa v/ ph^n 2,b" Ni:u th_c
T@p !>p c c /itera/H bin v0 c c to n tR n!m( n! gi (1t gi trK n0o 2 >c gNi /0 (1t bi+$ t!*c hebpressioni; VT cF b.n c2 ba 3i+$ bi+$ t!*c trong JavaScript[ Sc hdc[ <!m( + />ng gi gi trK sM; V8 dA B#CDECB@D.$/#E >c n! gi bmng >FG.>AAAAAAAAG. Chuei[ <!m( + n! gi c!$Vi; V8 dA "T!e d*2 ,ar.ed" C ,ar.)*ne C "H" /0 T!e d*2 ,ar.ed fer*c'*0s:3H. L,gic[ <!m( n! gi gi trK /ogic; V8 dA )e%7>#" c2 t!+ n!@n gi trK sai; JavaScript c}ng !V tr> bi+$ t!*c iT$ 3i6nH cB p! p n! sa$[
(condition) ? valTrue : valFalse
<$ iT$ 3i6n c*nd')'*n >c n! gi /0 BngH bi+$ t!*c n!@n gi trK va:Tr0eH ng>c /i n!@n gi trK va:Ia:se; V8 dA[
state = (temp>32) ? "liquid" : "solid"
Trong v8 dA n0% bin state >c g n gi trK ":'J0'd" n$ gi trK cCa bin )e%7 /n !Fn ] trong tr9ng !>p ng>c /i n2 n!@n gi trK "s*:'d".
C6c t,6n t B,p3rat,rH

To n tR >c sR dAng + t!5c !i6n (1t p!Xp to n n0o 2 tr&n d= /i6$; M1t to n tR c2 t!+ tr. /i (1t gi trK 3i+$ sMH 3i+$ c!$Vi !a% 3i+$ /ogic; O c to n tR trong JavaScript c2 t!+ >c n!2( t!0n! c c /oi sa$ _%[ 2Kn5 s* sKn!5 s1 !Lc5 c!0;'5 :*2'c v0 :*2'c ,')M'se. 2.1.1. .8n
To n tR g n /0 dQ$ bmng hyi n!m( t!5c !i6n vi6c g n gi trK cCa to n !ng b&n p!.i c!o to n !ng b&n tr i; f&n cn! 2 JavaScript cwn !V tr> (1t sM 3i+$ to n tR g n rBt gNn; Ki+u g n th:ng thAng bybU% byb#% byb% bybl% byb% Ki+u g n rt gBn bUy% b#y% by% bly% by%
JavaScript 1
2.1.2.
So 28nh
<g9i ta sR dAng to n tR so s n! + so s n! !ai to n !ng v0 tr. /i gi trK Bng !a% sai p!A t!$1c v0o 3t P$. so s n!; Sa$ _% /0 (1t sM to n tR so s n! trong JavaScript[ JJ GJ 0 0J -J 2.1.3. SA hMc Tr. /i gi trK Bng n$ to n !ng b&n tr i bmng to n !ng b&n p!.i Tr. /i gi trK Bng n$ to n !ng b&n tr i 3! c to n !ng b&n p!.i Tr. /i gi trK Bng n$ to n !ng b&n tr i /n !Fn to n !ng b&n p!.i Tr. /i gi trK Bng n$ to n !ng b&n tr i /n !Fn !oEc bmng to n !ng b&n p!.i Tr. /i gi trK Bng n$ to n !ng b&n tr i n!W !Fn to n !ng b&n p!.i Tr. /i gi trK Bng n$ to n !ng b&n tr i n!W !Fn !oEc bmng to n !ng b&n p!.i
f&n cn! c c to n tR c1ng hUiH tr7 h#iH n!_n hiH c!ia hli t!-ng t!9ngH JavaScript cwn !V tr> c c to n tR sa$ _%[ var1f var2 . vargg var.. To n tR p!`n dH tr. /i p!`n d 3!i c!ia var1 c!o var] To n tR p!C Kn!H c2 gi trK p!C Kn! to n !ng To n tR n0% t4ng var /&n 1 hc2 t!+ bi+$ di,n /0 UUvari To n tR n0% gi.( var i 1 hc2 t!+ bi+$ di,n /0 ##vari
Ch N(0 ,On 2Kn 2'K )rP cQa )*Kn )R CC !a3 SS v+* %-) ,'(n5 n! 3= TCC5 cU )!/ cU cKc .() J0V .!Kc n!a0 7! )!0-c v+* vP )r T06) !'<n )rWc !a3 sa0 cQa CC !a3 SS vW' )4n ,'(n B:+ T )r*n2 )rXn2 !Y7 n+3E. N(0 CC 9Zn2 )rWc T5 T s[ 9Yc )\n2 !*]c 2'V% )rWc .!' 2'K )rP T 9Yc 2Kn c!* 3. N(0 CC !a3 SS 9Zn2 sa0 T5 2'K )rP cQa T 9Yc 2Kn c!* 3 )rWc .!' nU 9Yc )\n2 !a3 2'V%.
2.1.-. v d[
"h>Li
L!i >c sR dAng vi c!$ViH to n tR g >c coi /0 3t !>p !ai c!$ViH

"abc" + "xyz" >c "abcxyz"
JavaScript 1
2.1.5.
Logic
JavaScript !V tr> c c to n tR /ogic sa$ _%[ L0 to n tR /ogic r<sH tr. /i gi trK Bng n$ c. ebpr1 v0 ebpr] c:ng Bng; L0 to n tR /ogic toH tr. /i gi trK Bng n$ 8t n!Qt (1t trong !ai ebpr1 v0 ebpr] Bng; L0 to n tR /ogic <tT p!C Kn! gi trK cCa ebpr;
expr1 &&
expr2
expr1 ||
expr2
! expr
2.1.N.
;itOi2e
Vi c c to n tR t!ao t c tr&n bitH `$ ti&n gi trK >c c!$%+n di dng sM ng$%&n ] bitH sa$ 2 /`n />t t!5c !i6n c c p!Xp to n tr&n t7ng bit;
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To n tR bit\ise r<sH tr. /i gi trK 1 n$ c. !ai bit c:ng /0 1; To n tR bit\ise toH tr. /i gi trK 1 n$ (1t trong !ai bit /0 1;
^
To n tR bit\ise toH tr. /i gi trK 1 n$ !ai bit c2 gi trK 3! c n!a$
<go0i ra cwn c2 (1t sM to n tR dKc! c!$%+n bit\ise; Yi trK >c c!$%+n t!0n! sM ng$%&n ] bit trc 3!i dKc! c!$%+n; Sa$ 3!i dKc! c!$%+nH gi trK /i >c c!$%+n t!0n! 3i+$ cCa to n !ng b&n tr i; Sa$ _% /0 c c to n tR dKc! c!$%+n[ << To n tR dKc! tr i; sKc! c!$%+n to n !ng tr i sang tr i (1t sM />ng bit bmng to n !ng p!.i; O c bit bK c!$%+n sang tr i bK (Qt v0 ^ t!a% v0o p!8a b&n p!.i; V8 dA[ jj] tr) t!0n! 1 hsM n!K p!_n 1^^ tr) t!0n! sM n!K p!_n 1^^^î To n tR dKc! p!.i; sKc! c!$%+n to n !ng tr i sang p!.i (1t sM />ng bit bmng to n !ng p!.i; O c bit bK c!$%+n sang p!.i bK (Qt v0 dQ$ cCa to n !ng b&n tr i >c gi= ng$%&n; V8 dA[ 1kk] tr) t!0n! hsM n!K p!_n 1^^^^ tr) t!0n! sM n!K p!_n 1^î >>> To n tR dKc! p!.i c2 c!n ^; sKc! c!$%+n to n !ng tr i sang p!.i (1t sM />ng bit bmng to n !ng p!.i; fit dQ$ >c dKc! c!$%+n t7 tr i hgiMng kki; <!=ng bit >c dKc! sang p!.i bK bo i; V8 dA[ #kkk] tr) t!0n! 1^1]] hb)i c c bit dQ$ tr) t!0n! (1t p!`n cCa sMi; TQt n!i&n vi sM dFng 3t P$. cCa to n tR kk v0 kkk /0 giMng n!a$;
>>
O2 (1t sM to n tR dKc! c!$%+n bit\ise rBt gNn[ Ki+u bitCisD th:ng thAng b y b jj % b y b kk %
Ki+u bitCisD rt gBn b jj y % b # kk %
JavaScript 1
b y b kkk % byb% byb% byb%
b kkk y % by% by% by%
X/i tp
2.1.P. "<> hQi
H% n! gi c c bi+$ t!*c sa$[ 1; a; U b; zz U zz c; yy d; ky e; jy ]; f; h j i [ g; h ky i h k i !; h ky i h k i 2.1.R. 1; a; 1] b; zz c; tr$e d; tr$e e; tr$e ]; f; g; fa/se !; tr$e TrS l1i
O c bi+$ t!*c >c n! gi n! sa$[
JavaScript 1
W.
C6c 2Qnh
L6n! iT$ 3i6n; L6n! /Ep; L6n! t! o t c tr&n Mi t>ng;
O2 t!+ c!ia c c /6n! cCa JavaScript t!0n! ba n!2( sa$[
Cû 2Qnh ihu )iQn

O_$ /6n! iT$ 3i6n c!o p!Xp c!Fng trDn! ra P$%t Kn! v0 t!5c !i6n c-ng vi6c n0o Q% d5a tr&n 3t P$. cCa P$%t Kn!; Trong JavaScriptH c_$ /6n! iT$ 3i6n /0 iE...DFsD
if ... else
O_$ /6n! n0% c!o p!Xp bn 3i+( tra iT$ 3i6n v0 t!5c !i6n (1t n!2( /6n! n0o Q% d5a tr&n 3t P$. cCa iT$ 3i6n v7a 3i+( tra; <!2( /6n! sa$ 32;3 3!-ng bJt b$1c p!.i c2H n2 c!o p!Xp c!' ra n!2( /6n! p!.i t!5c !i6n n$ iT$ 3i6n /0 sai; C% ph6p
i1 B -ihu )iQn0 H i <<C6c cû 2Qnh vji ihu )iQn %ng k 32;3 i <<C6c cû 2Qnh vji ihu )iQn ;ai k
V d:
if hbyy1î doc$(ent;\ritehxb bmng 1^H Et /i b bmng ^;~i b y ^ e/se doc$(ent;\ritehxb 3!-ng bmng 1^;~i
Ch ^_ )` G v+ H 9Yc sR dn2 9/ )Kc! cKc .!1' %a.
JavaScript 1
Cû 2Qnh 2+p

O_$ /6n! /Ep t!+ !i6n vi6c /Ep i /Ep /i (1t on ( c!o n 3!i bi+$ t!*c iT$ 3i6n >c n! gi /0 Bng; JavaScipt c$ng cQp !ai 3i+$ c_$ /6n! /Ep[ 3.1.1. for /oop \!i/e /oop T+ng lUp for
Vwng /Ep for t!it /@p (1t bi+$ t!*c 3!)i `$ # 'n')bT7rH sa$ 2 /Ep (1t on ( c!o n 3!i bi+$ t!*c <9'c0 .'<n> >c n! gi /0 Bng; Sa$ 3!i 3t t!Bc (Vi vwng /EpH bi+$ t!*c 'ncrbT7r >c n! gi /i; C% ph6p' 1,r BinitVKprI -ihu )iQn0 I incrVKprHi <<C6c 2Qnh *c th8c hiQn tr,ng )hi 2+p k V d:
jHTMLk jHqrsk jTpTLqkFor /oop qba(p/e jlTpTLqk jSOopPT Lr<Y{rYqy zJavaScriptzk for hby1 bjy1^ bUUi %yb] doc$(ent;\ritehzb yzU b Uz%y zU % U zjfokzi jlSOopPTk jlHqrsk jftsukjlftsuk jlHTMLk
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H n! $.>: Lt P$. cCa /6n! for;;;/oop
V8 dA n0% /$ v0o fi/e f*rd:**7.H)%:. Vwng /Ep n0% sa t!5c !i6n 3!Mi ( /6n! c!o n 3!i bk1^; 3.1.2. C% ph6p' Ahi23 B-ihu )iQn0H i <<C6c cû 2Qnh th8c hiQn tr,ng )hi 2+p k V d:
by1 \!i/e hbjy1î %yb] doc$(ent;\ritehzbyzUb Uz % y zU % U zjfokzi bUU
Ohile
Vwng /Ep \!i/e /Ep 3!Mi /6n! c!7ng n0o <9'c0 .'<n> cwn >c n! gi /0 Bng
Lt P$. cCa v8 dA n0% giMng n! v8 dA trc;
JavaScript ]1
3.1.3.
;reaV
O_$ /6n! brDak d:ng + 3t t!Bc vi6c t!5c !i6n cCa vwng /Ep 1,r !a% Ahi23; O!Fng trDn! >c tip tAc t!5c !i6n ti c_$ /6n! nga% sa$ c!V 3t t!Bc cCa vwng /Ep; C% ph6p
Nr3a)I
don ( sa$ /Ep c!o n 3!i b /n !Fn !oEc bmng 1^^; T$% n!i&n n$ gi trK b a v0o vwng /Ep n!W !Fn ^H vwng /Ep sa 3t t!Bc I d#J
\!i/e hbj1^î if hbjî brea3 bUU
3.1.-.
contin>e
L6n! continuD giMng /6n! brDak n!ng 3! c ) c!V vi6c /Ep >c 3t t!Bc v0 bJt `$ t7 `$ vwng /Ep; dMi vi vwng /Ep Ahi23H /6n! continuD iT$ 3!i+n P$a% /i jiT$ 3i6nk vi 1,rl /6n! continuD iT$ 3!i+n P$a% /i incrqbpr; C% ph6p
c,ntinu3I
I d#: don ( sa$ t4ng b t7 ^ /&n H n!.% /&n v0 tip tAc t4ng /&n 1^
by^ \!i/e hbjy1î doc$(ent;\ritehxYi trK cCa b /0[~U bU~jfok~i if hbyi by contin$e bUU
C6c cû 2Qnh tha, t6c tr9n ci t*ng

JavaScript /0 (1t ng-n ng= d5a tr&n Mi t>ngH do 2 n2 c2 (1t sM c_$ /6n! /0( vi6c vi c c Mi t>ng;
JavaScript ]]
3.1.5.
for...in
O_$ /6n! n0% >c sR dAng + /Ep tQt c. c c t!$1c t8n! hpropertiesi cCa (1t Mi t>ng; T&n bin c2 t!+ /0 (1t gi trK bQt 3ZH c!' c`n t!it 3!i bn sR dAng c c t!$1c t8n! trong vwng /Ep; V8 dA sa$ sa (in! !o iT$ n0% C% ph6p
1,r B-5ariabFDK in -objDctKH i <<C6c cû 2Qnh k
I d# V8 dA sa$ sa /Q% ra tQt c. c c t!$1c t8n! cCa Mi t>ng "indo\ v0 in ra t&n cCa (Vi t!$1c t8n!; Lt P$. >c (in! !o tr&n !Dn! ;];
jHTMLk jHqrsk jTpTLqkFor in qba(p/e jlTpTLqk jSOopPT Lr<Y{rYqy zJavaScriptzk doc$(ent;\ritehzT!e properties of t!e "indo\ obect are[ jfokzi for hvar b in \indo\i doc$(ent;\ritehz jlSOopPTk jlHqrsk jftsuk jlftsuk jlHTMLk zU b U zH zi
JavaScript ]
H nh 5.2: Kt qu ca lnh for in
3.1.N.
neO C% ph6p
,NL3ctvar J n3A ,NL3ctOt=p3 B param1 mlparam2n... mlparamNnH
fin nDC >c t!5c !i6n + to ra (1t t!+ !i6n (i cCa (1t Mi t>ng
V8 dA sa$ to Mi t>ng per2on c2 c c t!$1c t8n! f'rs)na%e5 :as)na%e5 a2e5 seT; O!B c rmng t7 3!o thi2 >c sR dAng + c!' Mi t>ng trong !0( per2on; Sa$ 2 ba t!+ !i6n cCa Mi t>ng per2on >c to ra bmng /6n! nDC
jHTMLk jHqrsk jTpTLqk<e\ qba(p/e jlTpTLqk jSOopPT Lr<Y{rYqy zJavaScriptzk f$nction personhfirstna(eH /astna(eH ageH sebi t!is;firstna(eyfirstna(e t!is;/astna(ey/astna(e t!is;ageyage t!is;sebyseb person1y ne\ personhzT!$%zH zsa$ fic!zH z]zH zFe(a/ezi person]y ne\ personhzO!$ngzH z<g$%en faozH z]zH zMa/ezi persony ne\ personhzfin!zH z<g$%en <!atzH z]zH zMa/ezi
JavaScript ]
persony ne\ personhzHo0nzH zdV V4nzH z]zH zMa/ezi doc$(ent;\rite hz1; zUperson1;/astna(eUz z U person1;firstna(e U zjfokz i doc$(ent;\ritehz]; zUperson];/astna(e Uz zU person];firstna(e U zjfokzi doc$(ent;\ritehz; zU person;/astna(e Uz zU person;firstna(e U zjfokzi doc$(ent;\ritehz; zU person;/astna(e Uz zU person;firstna(eUzjfokzi jlSOopPTk jlHqrsk jftsuk jlftsuk jlHTMLk
H nh 5.3: Kt qu ca !" #$ lnh %&'
3.1.P.
thi2
T7 3!o this >c sR dAng + c!' Mi t>ng !i6n t!9i; dMi t>ng >c gNi t!9ng /0 Mi t>ng !i6n t!9i trong p!Fng t!*c !oEc trong !0(; C% ph6p
thi; m.pr,p3rt=n
O2 t!+ be( v8 dA cCa /6n! ne\;
JavaScript ]
3.1.R.
Oith
L6n! n0% >c sR dAng + t!it /@p Mi t>ng ng`( Kn! c!o (1t n!2( c c /6n!H bn c2 t!+ sR dAng c c t!$1c t8n! (0 3!-ng T c@p n Mi t>ng; C% ph6p
Aith B,NL3ctH i << ;tat3m3nt k
op d' V8 dA sa$ c!' ra c c! sR dAng /6n! \it! + t!it /@p Mi t>ng ng`( Kn! /0 documDnt v0 c2 t!+ sR dAng p!Fng t!*c CritD (0 3!-ng c`n T c@p n Mi t>ng doc$(ent
jHTMLk jHqrsk jTpTLqk"it! qba(p/e jlTpTLqk jSOopPT Lr<Y{rYqy zJavaScriptzk \it! hdoc$(enti \ritehxT!is is an ebe(p/e of t!e t!ings t!at can be done jfok~i \ritehx"it! t!e jfk\it!jfk stat(ent; jPk~i \ritehxT!is can rea//% save so(e t%ping~i jlSOopPTk jlHqrsk jftsuk jlftsuk jlHTMLk
JavaScript ]
H nh 5.4: Kt qu ca !" #$ lnh 'ith
C6c h/m Bquncti,n;H

JavaScript c}g c!o p!Xp sR dAng c c !0(; MEc d: 3!-ng n!Qt t!it p!.i c2H song c c !0( c2 t!+ c2 (1t !a% n!iT$ t!a( sM tr$%Tn v0o v0 (1t gi trK tr. vT; f)i vD JavaScript /0 ng-n ng= c2 t8n! Kn! 3i+$ t!Qp n&n 3!-ng c`n Kn! ng!Sa 3i+$ t!a( sM v0 gi trK tr. vT cCa !0(; H0( c2 t!+ /0 t!$1c t8n! cCa (1t Mi t>ngH trong tr9ng !>p n0% n2 >c be( n! /0 p!Fng t!*c cCa Mi t>ng 2; L6n! Eunction >c sR dAng + to ra !0( trong JavaScript; C ,h ,
1uncti,n 1nNam3Bmparam1nlmparam2nl...lmparamNnH i <<1uncti,n ;tat3m3nt k
I d#J V8 dA sa$ (in! !o c c! t!*c to ra v0 sR dAng !0( n! /0 t!0n! vi&n cCa (1t Mi t>ng; H0( 7r'n)S)a)s >c to ra /0 p!Fng t!*c cCa Mi t>ng 7ers*n
jHTMLk jHqrsk jTpTLqkF$nction qba(p/e jlTpTLqk jSOopPT Lr<Y{rYqy zJavaScriptzk f$nction personhfirstna(eH /astna(eH ageH sebi
JavaScript ]
t!is;firstna(eyfirstna(e t!is;/astna(ey/astna(e t!is;ageyage t!is;sebyseb t!is;printStatsyprintStats f$nction printStatshi \it! hdoc$(enti \rite hz <a(e [z U t!is;/astna(e U z z U t!is;firstna(e U zjfokz i \ritehzrge [zUt!is;ageUzjfokzi \ritehzSeb [zUt!is;sebUzjfokzi person1y ne\ personhzT!$%zH zsa$ fic!zH z]zH zFe(a/ezi person]y ne\ personhzO!$ngzH z<g$%en faozH z]zH zMa/ezi persony ne\ personhzfin!zH z<g$%en <!atzH z]zH zMa/ezi persony ne\ personhzHoanzH zso VanzH z]zH zMa/ezi person1;printStatshi person];printStatshi person;printStatshi person;printStatshi jlSOopPTk jlHqrsk jftsuk jlftsuk jlHTMLk
JavaScript ]
L.L.L.L.L.
MNnh OJ I d# 50 h1m
H n! $.$: Lt P$. vi6c sR dAng !0(
C6c h/m c ;rn

JavaScript c2 (1t sM !0( c2 svnH gJn tr5c tip v0o c!8n! ng-n ng= v0 3!-ng nm( trong (1t Mi t>ng n0o[ 3.1.W. eva/ parsepnt parseF/oat
eval
H0( n0% >c sR dAng + n! gi c c bi+$ t!*c !a% /6n!; fi+$ t!*cH /6n! !a% c c Mi t>ng cCa t!$1c t8n! T$ c2 t!+ >c n! gi ; dEc bi6t !t s*c !=$ 8c! 3!i n! gi c c bi+$ t!*c do ng9i d:ng a v0o hng>c /i c2 t!+ n! gi tr5c tipi; C ,h ,J
r3turnva2J3va2 hbQt 3Z bi+$ t!*c !a% /6n! !>p /6 trong Javai
I d#J
jHTMLk jHqrsk
JavaScript ]
jTpTLqkqva/ qba(p/e jlTpTLqk jSOopPT Lr<Y{rYqy zJavaScriptzk var stringy~1Û Mat!;sPrthi~ doc$(ent;\ritehstringU xy~U eva/hstringii jlSOopPTk jlHqrsk jftsuk jlftsuk jlHTMLk
H nh 5.6 (" #$ h) *!al 3.1.1X. par2e$nt
H0( n0% c!$%+n (1t c!$Vi sM t!0n! sM ng$%&n vi cF sM /0 t!a( sM t!* !ai ht!a( sM n0% 3!-ng bJt b$1ci; H0( n0% t!9ng >c sR dAng + c!$%+n c c sM ng$%&n sang cF sM 1^ v0 .( b.o rmng c c d= /i6$ Nc n!@p di dng 3c t5 >c c!$%+n t!0n! sM trc 3!i t8n! to n; Trong tr9ng !>p d= /i6$ v0o 3!-ng !>p /6H !0( parsepnt sa Nc v0 c!$%+n dng c!$Vi n vK tr8 n2 tD( t!Q% 3c t5 3!-ng p!.i /0 sM; <go0i ra !0( n0% cwn cJt dQ$ p!|% 1ng; C ,h ,
par;3"nt B;tringl ml radiKnH
I d#J
jHTMLk
JavaScript ^
jHqrsk jTpTLqk persepnt qbe(p/e jlTpTLqk jSOopPT Lr<Y{rYqy zJavaScriptzk doc$(ent;\ritehzOonverting ^bO !eb to base#1^[ z U parsepnth^bOH1î U zjfokzi doc$(ent;\ritehzOonverting 11^^ binar% to base#1^[ z U parsepnth11^^H]i U zjfokzi jlSOopPTk jlHqrsk jftsuk jlftsuk jlHTMLk
H n! $.G: V8 dA parpnt 3.1.11. par2eKloat
H0( n0% giMng !0( parsepnt n!ng n2 c!$%+n c!$Vi t!0n! sM bi+$ di,n di dng dQ$ p!|% 1ng; C ,h ,
par;3q2,at B;tringH
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JavaScript
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tci t*ng 2,cati,n

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JavaScript
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tci t*ng 1ram3

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JavaScript
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tci t*ng d,cum3nt

dMi t>ng n0% c!*a c c t!-ng tin vT doc$(ent !i6n t!9i v0 c$ng cQp c c p!Fng t!*c + a t!-ng tin ra (0n !Dn!; dMi t>ng doc$(ent >c to ra bmng cEp t!g jftsuk v0 jlftsuk; M1t sM c c t!$1c t8n! gJn vi t!g jftsuk; O c Mi t>ng anc!orH for(sH !istor%H /in3s /0 t!$1c t8n! cCa Mi t>ng doc$(ent; L!-ng c2 c c c!Fng trDn! bR /c s5 3i6n c!o c c fra(e; S5 3i6n onLoad v0 on{nLoad /0 c!o Mi t>ng \indo\; -.1.P. -.1.R. "8c th>)c tYnh a/in3Oo/or # YiMng n! t!$1c t8n! rLp<L; anc!or # M.ng tQt c. c c anc!or trong doc$(ent; bgOo/or # YiMng t!$1c t8n! fYOtLto; coo3ie # SR dAng + b c Kn! coo3ie; fgOo/or # YiMng t!$1c t8n! TqT; for(s # M.ng tQt c. c c for( trong doc$(ent; /astModified # <g0% c$Mi c:ng v4n b.n >c sRa; /in3Oo/or # YiMng t!$1c t8n! Lp<L; /in3s # M.ng tQt c. c c /in3 trong doc$(ent; /ocation # {oL `% C cCa v4n b.n; referrer # {oL cCa v4n b.n gNi n2; tit/e # <1i d$ng cCa t!g jTpTLqk; v/in3Oo/or # YiMng t!$1c t8n! VLp<L; "8c phZng th[c doc$(ent;c/ear # o doc$(ent !i6n t!9i; doc$(ent;c/ose # d2ng dwng d= /i6$ v0o v0 a to0n b1 d= /i6$ trong b1 6( ra (0n !Dn!;
JavaScript 1
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tci t*ng anch,r;

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tci t*ng 1,rm;

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tci t*ng hi;t,r=

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JavaScript
tci t*ng 2in);

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tci t*ng 5ath

dMi t>ng Mat! /0 Mi t>ng n1i ti trong JavaScript; O c t!$1c t8n! cCa Mi t>ng n0% c!*a n!iT$ !mng sM to n !NcH c c !0( to n !NcH />ng gi c p!? bin; dMi t>ng Mat! 3!-ng c2 c!Fng trDn! bR /c s5 3i6n; Vi6c t!a( c!i$ ti numbDr trong c c p!Fng t!*c c2 t!+ /0 sM !a% c c bi+$ t!*c >c n ! gi /0 sM !>p /6;
JavaScript
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JavaScript
tci t*ng wat3

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JavaScript
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JavaScript
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JavaScript
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JavaScript
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JavaScript
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O. JavaScript c/ient#side v0 server#side T$ c2 (1t sM Mi t>ng >c Kn! ng!Sa trc; T$% n!i&nH bn c}ng c2 t!+ to ra n!=ng Mi t>ng cCa ri&ng bn; Trong JavaScript 1;]H n$ bn c!' ($Mn to ra (1t Mi t>ng d$% n!Qt cCa (1t 3i+$ Mi t>ngH bn c2 t!+ to n2 bmng c c! sR dAng 3!)i to Mi t>ng; HoEc n$ bn ($Mn to ra n!iT$ c t!+ cCa (1t 3i+$ Mi t>ngH bn c2 t!+ to ra (1t !0( b_% d5ng tr# cH sa$ 2 to ra c c Mi t>ng c2 3i+$ cCa !0( 2 bmng to n tR ne\ 5.1.1. S3 *4ng Vh:i t7o JAi t`ng
Trong n!=ng p!i&n b.n trc cCa <avigatorH bn c!' c2 t!+ to ra (1t Mi t>ng bmng c c! sR dAng !0( b_% d5ng c!Bng !oEc sR dAng (1t !0( >c c$ng cQp b)i (1t v0i Mi t>ng 3! c + t >c (Ac 8c!; T$% n!i&nH trong <avigator ;^H bn c2 t!+ to ra (1t Mi t>ng bmng c c! sR dAng (1t 3!)i to Mi t>ng;fn sR dAng c c! n0% 3!i bn c!' ($Mn to ra (1t c t!+ Fn /g c!* 3!-ng p!.i n!iT$ c t!+ cCa Mi t>ng; OB p! p + to ra (1t Mi t>ng bmng c c! 3!)i to Mi t>ng htbect pnitia/iersi[
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f$nction carh(a3eH (ode/H %earHo\ner i t!is;(a3e y (a3e t!is;(ode/ y (ode/ t!is;%ear y %ear t!is;o\ner y o\ner
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Trong <avigator ];^H bn c2 t!+ gNi t!$1c t8n! cCa (1t Mi t>ng bmng t&n t!$1c t8n! !oEc bmng sM t!* t5 cCa n2; T$% n!i&n t7 <avigator ;^ tr) iH n$ ban `$ bn Kn! ng!Sa (1t t!$1c t8n! bmng t&n cCa n2H bn sa /$-n /$-n p!.i gNi n2 bmng t&nH v0 n$ bn Kn! ng!Sa (1t t!$1c t8n! bmng c!' sM t!D bn c}ng /$-n /$-n p!.i gNi ti n2 bmng c!' sM; diT$ n0% *ng dAng 3!i bn to (1t Mi t>ng vi n!=ng t!$1c t8n! cCa c!Bng bmng !0( b_% d5ng hn! v8 dA vT 3i+$ Mi t>ng car ) p!`n trci v0 3!i bn Kn!
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fn c2 t!+ t!&( t!$1c t8n! c!o (1t 3i+$ Mi t>ng >c Kn! ng!Sa trc bmng c c! sR dAng t!$1c t8n! propert%; T!$1c t8n! >c Kn! ng!Sa n0% 3!-ng c!' c2 t c dAng Mi vi (1t Mi t>ng (0 c2 t c dAng Mi vi tQt c. c c Mi t>ng 3! c c:ng 3i+$;V8 dA sa$ t!5c !i6n t!&( t!$1c t8n! c,2,r c!o tQt c. c c Mi t>ng 3i+$ carH sa$ 2 gJn (1t gi trK (0$ c!o t!$1c t8n! c,2,r cCa Mi t>ng car1'
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JavaScript 1

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L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

C^u 2Qnh 2+p

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

H n! $.>: Lt P$. cCa /6n! for;;;/oop

Lt P$. cCa v8 dA n0% giMng n! v8 dA trc;

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

C6c c^u 2Qnh tha, t6c tr9n ci t*ng

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

H nh 5.2: Kt qu ca lnh for in

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

H nh 5.3: Kt qu ca !" #$ lnh %&'

O2 t!+ be( v8 dA cCa /6n! ne\;

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

H nh 5.4: Kt qu ca !" #$ lnh 'ith

C6c h/m Bquncti,n;H

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i

H n! $.$: Lt P$. vi6c sR dAng !0(

C6c h/m c ;rn

L!oa Toan tinH di !Nc e$Mc gia H0 <1i