CONTENTS PREFACE vii BEFORE 1300 xxiii Introduction ‘THE SUBJECTS AND VOCABULARY OF ART HISTORY x00cv Art History in the 21st Century s00xvi Different Ways of Seeing xlvii Chapter 14 FROM GOTHIC TO RENAISSANCE: 14TH-CENTURY ITALIAN ART 401 The City-Staes Politics and Economies 401 Disruption and Change 402 Letersand Learning 402 The Movement avy from Medievalim in Art 403 REUGION AND MYTHOLOGY: Menulicant Orders and Confraterites 404 ART AND SOCIETY: Artists’ Names in Renasancelaly 40 ART AND SOCIETY: Art to Onder: Commi ions and Patronage 406 MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES: Fresco Painting 410 = WRITTEN SOURCES: A Majestic Altarpioc: Duccio’s Maest 414 ART AND SOCIETY: Mastering a Craft: Artistic Ta ‘CHRONOLOGICAL OVERVIEW 120070 1400 423 Chapter 15 PIETY, PASSION, AND POLITICS: 15TH-CENTURY ART IN NORTHERN EUROPE AND SPAIN 425 French Manuscript Mumination 426 15th-Century Flemish Art 428sen -Contury French Art 448 Ith Century German Art 485 15th -Cennery Spanish Art 450 pigments and Bands 435 MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES: Pints i rfession in Flanders 436 vs an Borders: Framing Puindings 443 . je ARTAND SOCIETY: The Artis fm MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES: Ea Gr anges: The Development of Pr sa wATE;UALS AND TECHNIQUES: Graphic Changes The DEN? CHRONOLOGICAL OVERVIEW 137570 1500 451 Chapter 16 ee. HUMANISM AND THE ALLURE OF ANTIQUITY: 15TH-CENTURY ITALIAN AR’ Forene 354 The RseofPoriture 476 Further Derdopmentsn Arcee 478 Imes Paty and Devon 480 The Princely Courts 483 Troi ath tof the C ART ANE SOCIETY: Clvting Cul: The Prney Courts and Artistic Patronage 455 WATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES: Depicing Objects in Spc: petal Stems in the Early Renaisance 458 RELIGION AND MYTHOLOGY: Exmplay Lis The Pak Sintoed 460 \WRITTEN SOURCES: nition and nun Ars alen the Rennie 46 Wt ARTAND SOCIETY: Honoring God and Family: amily Chapel Endowments 469 ‘CHRONOLOGICAL OVERVIEW | 122070 1500 491 Chapter 17 BEAUTY, SCIENCE, AND SPIRIT IN ITALIAN ART: THE HIGH RENAISSANCE AND MANNERISM. The High Renaisance 493 = Peete on Later 16th-Century Architecture 534 © WRITTEN SOURCES: The Ro os oof Religious ren Co 5 ounter-Reformation Italy BART AND SOCIETY: Wi Re A = CHRONOLOGICAL OVERVIEW e 20 ContentsChapter 18 THE AGE OF REFORMATION: 16TH-CENTURY ART IN NORTHERN FUROPE AND SPAIN 543 The Protestant Reformation 453 Holy Roman Empire 546 France 555 The Netherlands 559 Spain 564 se WRITTEN SOURCES: The Uses oflegory 585 fx ARTAND SOCIETY eonecasm and the Reaction apuinst Religious Art $47 CHRONOLOGICAL OVERVIEW 147570 1600 567 Chapter 19 POPES, PEASANTS, MONARCHS, AND MERCHANTS: BAROQUE ART 569 Irth-Century Europe 569 Baroque Art ofthe 17th Century 571 Late Baroque Art ofthe Early 18th Century 623 fs ARTAND SOCIETY Dutch Paronage amd Are Calling 599 1 ARTIN THE NEWS: Asesing Authentic: The Reminandt Research Project 605 bt ARTAND SOCIETY MeramilePosperin: Devlin an Open Are Maret 607 CHRONOLOGICAL OVERVIEW © 160010 1750 627 Chapter 20 THE ENLIGHTENMENT AND ITS LEGACY: ART OF THE LATE 18TH THROUGH THE MID-19TH CENTURY 629 Rococo: The French Taste 629 The Enlightenment: Philosophy and Society 636 The Enlightenment: Science and Technology 637 Voltaire versus Rousseau Science versus the Taste or the “Natural” 639 The Revival of Interest in Classicism 646 From Neoclasicism to Romanticism 656 The Rise of Romanticism 659 in Landscape Painting Various Revivaist Styles in Architecture 675 The Beginnings of Photography 678 © WRITTEN SOURCES: Of Knowledge, Tiste, and Refinement Salon Cu ART AND SOCIETY: The Grand Tour: Travel, Education, and Tay Als Contents xu