Tar&Dueftaeej@ Espfzufpvkh Ukd Wdkuf Dkufaqg Aeg Oifha Umif A':Pkajymqkd

Published by Voice of Burma Information Group Issue No.
729 SEPTEMBER 27, 2009
1-507 Horifune Jutaku , Horifune 2-27-1, Kita-Ku, Tokyo 114-0004, JAPAN

Tel/Fax: 81 3-6323-5114, E-mail: sayarkway@yahoo.com , koko@gol.com
tar&dueftaeeJ@ ESpfzufpvkH;ukd wdkuf¶dkufaqG;aEG;oifha=umif;a':pkajymqkd

RFA / pufwifbm 25 ? ? tar&dueftpdk;& tay:xm;&Sdr,fh qufqHa&;topfudpPeJ@ywf 'g oufqikd &f mEdik if aH wG&@J oabmxm;bJjzpfw,f/
u jrefrmppftpdk;&udk wdkuf¶dkufqufqHr_tyg ouf+yD; &efukef®ru tar&duefoH¶Hk;wm0efcH a':atmifqef;pk=unfajymxm;wJt h wdik ;f ygbv J @kd ?
t0if jrefrmEdik if q H ikd &f m rl0g'tajymif;tvJt Larry Dinger eJ@ Edi k if aH &;eJ@pD;yGm;a&;AsL¶dw k m0ef 'gayr,fh ydrk akd umif;rGerf ,ft h aetxm;awG yl;
ay: a':atmifqef;pk=unfu vufcHa=umif;/ cH Jennifer Harhigh wd@k u trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pD aygif;qufqHr,fqdkwJhtaetxm;awG &Sdvm
'Dvdkwdkuf¶dkufqufqHr_[m ppftpdk;&udka&m tzG@J csKyaf cgi;f aqmifawGukd rae@uae@vnf 2 wmudak wmh usKyw f @kd uawmh óuqd&k rSmaygv h @kd ?
twdkuftcHtiftm;pkawGudkyg ESpfbufpvHk;eJ@ em&Du NLD ¶H;k csKyrf mS oGm;a&muf&iS ;f vif;ajym olwdk@u engagement aygAh sm/ wyfrawmftpd;k &
ðyvkyo f ifah =umif; rae@uajymqdv k ukd yf gw,f? qdck yhJ gw,f? NLD ygwD jyef=um;a&;tzG@J wm0efcH eJ@ydek ;D uyfwhJ engagement udk vkyrf ,fo h abm
a&S@aeawGrae@u oGm;a&mufawG@qHpk Of A[dt k vkyt f r_aqmif OD;cifarmifaqGu RFA udk ayg?h tJ'D engagement oabmvkyrf ,fq&kd if
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu olr&J@oabmxm;udk tckvakd jymjyygw,f? vnf;aumif;ygw,fv@kd 'gayr,fv@kd engagement
ajymqdck w hJ mjzpfa=umif; a&S@aeOD;^m%f0if;u tck olw@kd vkyx f m;wJt h vkyaf wGukd vmajym u including democractic sources awG ayg?h
vdak jymjyygw,f? jywm? r=umcifrmS bJ jrefrmEdik if eH @J ywfoufwhJ t"d u u a':atmif q ef ; pk = unf a ygh ? tJ ' g
usaemfajymjyw,f/ usaemfajymjyw,f tar&duefEdkifiHjcm;a&;rl0g'&J@ tajccHoabm awGyg0ifr,ft h aetxm;a&mufatmif oGm;Edik f
qkw d m usaemfubmpm¶Guf pmwrf;rSusaemhrf mS xm;awGukd xkwjf yefr,faygAh sm? tckawmh rxkwf r,fqdk&ifawmhum political breakthrough
r&Syd gb;l ? owif;awGuaeusaemf=um;w,f/ tJ'D jyef&ao;wJt h cgusawmh 'guv kd m+y;D &Si;f jyw,f jzpfrmS bJv@kd tJeu f ,J w
f @kd u ajymvdu k w
f ,fav?
awmh Sanction aqmif¶u G wf mudv k nf; r&yfb;l aygAh sm? 'guvnf; Edik if jH cm;a&;0g'rSm ygr,fo h tckvkd tar&dueftpd;k &&J@ Edik if jH cm;a&;
qufvkyfr,f/ wjcm;wbufrSmvnf; direct abmxm;awGe@J ody+f y;D ra0;vSb;l vd@k awmh 0efcH rl0g'topfe@J ywfouf+y;D OD;cifarmifaqGu ol@
engagement vkyr f ,fv@kd 'Dvu kd saemfw@kd u em; oGm;w,fou l ? taeeJ@óuqdak omfvnf; owdjzif*h ¶kwpdu k óf u&
vnfw,f? 'Dvdkajymjyygw,f/ ajymjyawmh pD;yGm;a&; '%fcwfyw d qf @kd ta&;,lwu hJ pd P rSmjzpfw,fv@kd ajymygw,f?
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu 'g[maumif;ygw,fw?hJ [m a':atmifqef;pk=unfajymxm;ovdk ouf usaemhtaeeJ@ tvGwo f abmajym&
ol@taeeJ@awmh vufcw H ,fw/hJ ol@tae qdik &f mEdik if aH wGuom t"duusa=umif;/ NLD &ifawmh 'gu*kd ¶kwpdu k óf uqd&k rSmaygAh sm? ta&S@
eJ@vnf; t&ifuwnf;u wdu k ¶f u kd af wG@qHak &;udk ygwDtaeeJ@jyefvnfajymqdkvdkufw,fvdk@ od& awmiftm&Stoif;rSmvnf;bJ tðyoabm
t+rw J rf;olñuw H thJ cgajymcJyh gw,fw?hJ 'gayr,f ygw,f? tar&duef&@J rl0g'tay: NLD ygw&D @J aqmifwJhqufqHr_awG wdk;jrifhaqmif¶Gufr,f
vd@k a':atmifqef;pk=unfjznfah jymwmu on both oabmxm;eJ@ywfoufv@kd vnf; A[dt k vkyt f r_ qd+k y;D awmh q,fpEk pS w f pkausmaf vmufvyk cf ahJ y
side wJh engage vkyb f @kd vdw
k ,fw?hJ on both side aqmif OD;cifarmifaqGu tckvkd ajymygw,f? r,fv@kd wu,fwrf;usawmhtusK;d oufa&muf
qdwk m tpd;k &bufa&m twdu k tf cHbufa&m 'Dvkd usaemfw@kd uvnf; 'gu cgwikd ;f oabm r_r&Scd b hJ ;l ? 'gayr,fh tckypkH u H awmh tmqD,H
qdv k kd wmyg? xm;twdik ;f Sanction csw,f/ zGiv hf pS w f ,fqkd yHpk eH @J qdk enf;enf;uGmjcm;w,fv@kd ,lqzG,&f m
tar&dueftpdk;&u jrefrmppftpdk;& wmu usaemfw@kd eJ@wdu k ¶f u
kd rf ywfoufygb;l vd@k ? &Sw d m aygah v? pmrsufESm 7 okd h
ydwfqdk hta&;,lr+¶kyf udk;uef ha'ouGyfuJa&; usyf 5000 wef*,uf a':atmifqef;pk-unf/ tusOf;om;rsm; vGwf wdkif;jynftusdK; a&S;±SLv#if
odr;f a&; etzAkv d cf sKyf ppfqifa&;rSL; AkdvfrSL ; a-umifh &efuek pf ;D yGm; OD;wifOD;wdk heJ h awG h ajrmuf r+tay: tzGJ h EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;tm;vHk;
rsm;eJ h a':pk yl;aygif; csKyf0if;armif zrf;qD; a&; uarmufurjzpf qHck iG &hf bdk t
h zGJ ch sKyf csKyfu a-unmcsuf v$w&f efvdk
aqmif¶Gufvdk ta&;,l awmif;qdk xkwjf yef
pmrsufESm 2 pmrsufEmS 8 pmrsufEmS 16 pmrsufEmS 18
pmrsufEmS 5 pmrsufEmS 14
September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 1

wHv#yu
f akd &xifv#if
VOB Edik if wH umtpnf;ta0;rsm;/ jrefrmjynftay:zdtm;rsm;usvmrnft h ajctaersK;d tcsed t f cgrsK;d Y
tm
ppftm%m&Sirf sm;onf Edik if w H iG ;f u tusO;f om;awGukd v$waf y;avh&o dS nf/ tJ't D cgrsK;d Y Edik if w H um
todik ;f t0dik ;f u oabmustm;ay;avh&o dS nf? TonfrmS jrefrmhta&;ESiyhf wfoufI vGecf ahJ omESpaf ygi;f
abmf
20 twGi;f t}urd af ygi;f rsm;pGmjzpfco hJ nf? trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzJ@G csKyu f vnf; xdu k o hJ @kd tajctaersK;d udk
0rf;ajrmufpmG jzifh óuqdak vh&o dS nf? ppftm%m&Sirf sm;uvnf; zrf;vdu k f v$wv f u
kd v
f yk u f m Edik if aH &;tusyf
twnf;ESihf Edik if w H umzdtm;rsm;udk a&Smif&mS ;avh&o dS nf?
wcsed w f nf;rSmyif tar&duefjynfaxmifpu k vnf; jrefrmjynftay:xm;&So d nho f abmxm;udk
tenf;i,fajymif;vJvu kd o
f nf? jypf'%fcwfta&;,lrr_ sm;udk z,f&mS ;jcif;r&Syd /J ppftm%m&Sirf sm;ESihf wdu k f
¶du
k qf ufqrH r_ sm;ðyrnf[k a=unmcJo h nf? ppftyk pf 0k ef}u;D csKyf ode;f pdef e,l;a,muf ukvor*~taxGaxG
nDvmcHwiG w f ufa&mufred @f cGe;f ajym=um;onf? xdu k o hJ @kd e,l;a,mufo@kd oGm;jcif;onf ppftm%m&Sirf sm;u
jrefrmjynfwiG ;f tajctaeESiyhf wfoufI Edik if w H umtodik ;f t0dik ;f od@k today;vdjk cif;a=umifjh zpfonf?
xdtk awmtwGi;f jynfwiG ;f Yvnf; a&G;aumufy0JG ifrnf[k twdtvif;xkwaf zmfajymolrsm;vnf;&Sad eonf? jyifqifaeolrsm;vnf;&Sad eonf? rnfo@kd
aomtajctaewGi&f adS eapumrl ppftm%m&Sirf sm;onf a&G;aumufyu JG kd rjzpfrae&atmifvyk rf nft h ajctaewGi&f adS eonf? a&G;aumufyjJG zpfro S m 2008
ckEpS t
f ajccHOya'udk a&G;aumufyt JG Edik &f ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm; taumiftxnfazmfaprnfjzpfonf? 2008 ckEpS f tajccHOya'udk taumiftxnfazmfjzpfv#if
ppftm%m&Sipf epfqufvufwnfwahH &;twGuf tm%m&SiAf v kd cf sKy}f u;D rsm; pdwaf t;vufcspmG jzifh aeEdik rf nfjzpfayonf?
ppftm%m&Sirf sm;bufrS tenf;i,fajymif;vJjyvdu k o f nfukd ,H=k unfv#if woufv;kH ppfbed yfatmufrv S w
G af jrmufrnfr[kwaf y/ Edik if aH &;tusO;f
om;wcsK@d tygt0if tusO;f om;rsm;udk v$waf y;jcif;onf jrefrmjynfwiG ;f ppfreS af omtajymif;tvJuv kd yk v
f I
kd r[kw/f tm%mqufvufcsKyu f ikd Ef ik d af &;
twGuf toH;k csaomenf;AsL[mwckjzpfonfukd aumif;pGmem;vnfoabmaygu&f efvt kd yfayonf? xdo k @kd r[kwyf J a':atmifqef;pk=unf? OD;wifO;D / cGex f eG ;f OD;/
rif;udEk ikd t
f ygt0if 88 rsK;d qufausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifrsm;udk jyefvw $ af y;jcif;r&Sv d #if jrefrmjynfY ppfreS af omtajymif;tvJukd etzu azmfaqmif
rnfr[kw/f Edik if aH &;tusO;f om; &m*%ef;r#vw $ af y;vdu k jf cif;udk 0rf;omauseyfaev#if jrefrmjynfow l &yfv;kH ppfbed yfatmuf rSvw G af jrmufrnfr[kw[ f k
owday;vdu k &f ayonf?
ydwfqdk@ta&;,lr_¶kyfodrf;a&; etzAkdvfcsKyfrsm;eJ@ a':pk yl;aygif;aqmif¶Gufvdk

VOA / pufwifbm 25 ? ? jrefrmEdik if t H ay: Edik if w H um&J@pD;yGm;a&;ydwf buf 'Dbuf ESpv f rf;/ oH;k vrf;awG;vd@k &wmrsK;d awG? aemuf+y;D awmh um,uH
qd@k r_ukd ¶kyof rd ;f Edik af &;twGuf a':atmifqef;pk=unf[m ppftpd;k &eJ@yl;aygi;f &Sijf zpfwhJ a':atmifqef;pk=unfu 'Dpnf;urf;csut f ay:rSm wcsucf si;f t
aqmif¶u G v f akd =umif;eJ@ 'Dvykd ;l aygi;f aqmif¶u G Ef ikd af tmif pDpOfay;bd@k arwWm ay:rSm b,f[mrSm bmvkyf&rvJqdkwmudk r&Sif;wmawGvnf;&Sdw,f?
&yfct H a=umif;=um;wJph mudk Adv k cf sKyrf ; }u;D oef;a¶$qu D ykd @kd bd@k a':atmifqef; 'gawGeJ@ywfouf+yD;awmh &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;jzpfatmif aqmif¶Gufay;bdk@
pk=unf[m vufrSwfa&;xdk;xm;ygw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfudkoGm; arwWm&yfcw H phJ mudk usaemfa&;+y;D awmh 'Dae@ a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd oGm;jy
a&mufawG@qHck w hJ hJ NLD ajymcGi&hf yk*Kd~ vf OD;^m%f0if;udq k ufo, G af r;jref;wJh ygw,f?
tcgrmS tckvpkd ajymygw,f? 'kw, d ta&;,lyw d qf @kd r_e@J ywfoufv@kd a':atmifqef;pk=unf buf
usaemf'aD e@ a':atmifqef;pk=unfe@J wem&DavmufomG ;awG@w,f? u oabmxm;qdw k mu b,fvo kd abmxm;rsK;d udk a':atmifqef;pk=unf
t"du uawmh pnf;urf;csuf 8 csuef @J ywfouf+y;D awmh jynfxaJ &;0ef}u;D qD uay;ygovJcifAsæ
a&;wJph mudk twnfðyw,f? twnfðybd@k usaemf,o l mG ;wmaygAh sm? 'gukd t a':atmifqef;pk=unf&@J oabmxm;uawmh 2007 ckEpS u f wnf;
wnfðyw,f? aemuf 'kw, d wcsuu f a':atmifqef;pk=unfu Adv k cf sKyrf ; u ol[m tpd;k &eJ@ etz eJ@ 'D Sanction awG Lift vkyb f @kd udk yl;aygi;f aqmif
}u;D oef;a¶$xu H kd jrefrmEdik if aH y:rSm ta&;,lyw d q f @kd xm;wJu h pd aP wGe@J ywf ¶Guv f w kd ,fv@kd tqdðk ycJb h ;l w,f? tck tJ'[ D mtay:rSm tqdðk ycsuaf wGukd
ouf+y;D awmh t,ltq/ ol@&J@ tJ'u D aqmif¶u G b f @kd vdt k yfcsu/f tJ'gawGukd wu,ftaumiftxnfazmfEikd b f @kd qd&k if vdt k yfcsu/f vdt k yfcsuq f w kd mu
pmeJ@a&;om;+y;D ta=umif;=um;wJph mudk usaemf Approval ,lb@kd oGm;yg a':atmifqef;pk=unfu olu, kd w f ikd o
f &d bdS @kd vdt
k yfcsuaf wG&w dS ,f?
w,f? ESpcf pk vH;k Approval ,l+yD;yg+yD? usaemfwdk@&ufydkif;twGif;rSmbJ aemufwcku oufqikd &f m Impose vkyw f EhJ ikd if aH wG&@J oabmxm;
pmwdu k f eJ@ydb k @kd pDpOfygw,f? awGvnf;odb@kd vdw k ,f? 'ga=umifh 'D[meJ@ywfouf+y;D awmh vkyu f ikd af qmif
yxrwcku pnf;urf;csuf 8 csuq f wkd mu a':atmifqef;pk=unf ¶GuEf ikd af tmif pDpOfaqmif¶u G af y;bd@k arwWm&yfct H a=umif;=um;wJph mudk us
tay:rSm uef@owfxm;wJt h csuaf wGv@kd usaemfw@kd em;vnfygw,fcifAs? aemfðypkygw,f/ 'DðypkwphJ mudk a':atmifqef;pk=unf ud, k w f ikd v
f ufrw S af &;xd;k
tJ'aD wmh 'Duef@owfcsuaf wGe@J ywfouf+y;D awmh &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif;od& atmif +y;D yg+y?D usaemfw@kd &uftenf;i,ftwGi;f rSm yd@k rSmyg?
ar;jref;wJo h abmrsK;d vm;cifAsæ trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyaf jymcGi&hf yk*Kd~ vf OD;^m%f0if;ajym=um;
[kwyf gw,f/ &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif;od&atmif wcsK@d tcsuaf wGu [dk oGm;wm jzpfygw,f?
Page 2 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

jrefrmhta&;Edik if w
H umrS nD!w
G pf mG 0dik ;f 0ef;ajz&Si;f bd@k befurD eG ;f wdu
k w
f eG ;f
VOA / pufwifbm 24 ? ? uk v or*~ t axG a xG n D v mcH } uD ; pwif 'DawG@qHrk t _ +y;D twGi;f a&;r;csKyu
f xkwjf yefwahJ =unmcsurf mS awmh
usi;f yvdu k w f ahJ e@rSmbJ twGi;f a&;r;csKyu f jrefrmEdik if u H Edik if aH &;jy\em urBmay:u trsK;d om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;vkyif ef;pOfawGrmS ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGm
awGtygt0if Edik if w H umrSmñuaH wG@ae&wJh jy\emawGe@J ywfoufv@kd nDnD tawG@tñu&H cdS w hJ hJ ukvor*~e@J jrefrmEdik if tH aeeJ@yl;aygi;f aqmif¶u G bf @kd vnf;
!Gw! f w G 0f ikd ;f 0ef;ajz&Si;f bd@k wdu k w f eG ;f vdu k yf gw,f? wdu k w f eG ;f cJw
h myg? twGi;f a&;r;csKy&f @J xkwjf yefcsuu f kd 'DaqG;aEG;yGrJ mS yg0ifchJ
urBmw0ef;&ifqikd ñf uaH wG@ae&wJh jy\emawGukd ajz&Si;f &r,ft h csed f wJh jrefrmEdik if q H ikd &f m txl;t=uaH y;yk*Kd~ vjf zpfwhJ rpPwmtDA&m[if *rfbm&D
a&mufaewmrd@k Edik if w H umrdom;pktaeeJ@ 'dxufyakd qmif¶u G =f ubd@k twGi;f u zwf=um;jywJah e&mrSmawmh
a&;r;csKyf befurD eG ;f u tzG@J 0if 192 Edik if H yg0ifwufa&mufwhJ ukvor*~ yxrtaeeJ@uawmh tm;vH;k yg0ifEikd w f hJ aqG;aEG;!Ed i_d ;f r_awGjzpfay:
64 }urd af jrmuf taxGaxGnv D mcH zGiyhf aJG e@ Ak'[ < ;l ae@rSm rde@f cGe;f pum;ajym vmapa&; aocsmapbd@k jrefrmhrw d af qGrsm;Edik if aH wGu oabmwltwnfðy
=um;&mrSm ajymcJyh gw,f? jrefrmEdik if u H Edik if aH &;jy\emawG wd;k wufapbd@k t xm;wJt h wdik ;f vmr,fah ¶G;aumufy[ JG m trsm;uvufcEH ikd w f t
hJ ajctaeawG
wGuu f v kd nf; 'dxufy0kd ikd ;f 0ef;aqmif¶u G b f @kd twGi;f a&;r;csKyu f aqmf=o zefw;D Edik b f @kd / jrefrmEdik if [H m ukvor*~e@J twlwuG av#mufvrS ;f bd@k awmif;
vdu k w f mjzpfygw,f? qdyk gw,f?vd@k twGi;f a&;r;csKy&f @J t=uaH y;yk*Kd~ vu f a=unmcsuw f pdww f
jrefrmEdik if rH mS vGwv f yfre_ @J 'Dru kd a&pDa&;twGuf usaemfw@kd óu;pm; ydik ;f udk ajymoGm;wmjzpfygw,f?
yrf;pm;vky=f u&ygvrd rhf ,f? vGecf w hJ hJ &ufowWywf Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;wcsK@d 'g[mqd&k ifawmh twGi;f a&;r;csKy&f @J 'kw, d t}urd f Edik if jH cm;a&;0ef
jyefvw $ af y;cJw h m[mqd&k ifvnf; vdt k yfwmxuftrsm;}u;D enf;aeygao; }u;D awG yg0ifwufa&mufwhJ tqifjh rifah qG;aEG;yGw J ckvnf; jzpfygw,f? Edik if H
w,f? jrefrmEdik if eH @J jrefrmjynfoal wGtusK;d twGuf jrefrmEdik if &H @J rdwaf qGawG jcm;a&;0ef}u;D 11 a,mufyg0ifwufa&mufwhJ 'DaqG;aEG;yGt J wGi;f jrefrmud, k f
tdref ;D csi;f awGtaeeJ@ 'dxufy+kdy;D trsm;}u;D vkyb f @kd ajymcsiyf gw,f? a&S@ESpaf ¶G; pm;vS,af wGawmh wufa&mufvmjcif;r&Syd gb;l ?
aumufy[ JG m trsm;u,H=k unfvufcEH ikd rf ,fh tm;vH;k yg0ifEikd rf ,ft h ajctae
w&yfjzpfb@kd qd&k if a':atmifqef;pk=unftygt0if Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;awG
tm;vH;k jyefvw $ af y;bd@k vdyk gw,f?qd+k y;D twGi;f a&;r;csKyu f jyifopfbmom
wuUov
dk af usmif;om;rsm; qlyrl j_ zpf
pum;eJ@ajymoGm;wmjzpfygw,f? DVB / pufwifbm 23 ? ? &efuek w f idk ;f '*kw
H uUov kd rf mS rae@u ausmif;
jrefrmppftpd;k &uawmh pnf;urf;eJ@tusiphf m&dwaW umif;rGev f mwJh om;awGqyl rl j_ zpfv@kd ppfwyfe@J &Ju 0ifxed ;f cJ+h y;D 'D&ufyikd ;f vkðH caH &;wif;usyf
Edik if oH m; tusO;f om; tusO;f olaygi;f 7114 a,mufuv kd w $ af y;r,fv@kd xm;w,fv@kd ausmif;om;awGu ajymygw,f?
+y;D cJwh =hJ uoyaw;ae@u a=unmvdu k +f y;D aemufyikd ;f tusO;f om;awGuv kd w$ f vuf&dS ausmif;rSm pmar;yGaJ jzaew,fv@kd ausmif;om;awGu ajym
ay;wJah e&mrSm t*Fgae@txdq&kd ifawmh Edik if aH &;tusO;f om; 127 a,muf ygw,f? 21 &uf wevFmae@u pmar;yGrJ ajzcif ausmif;om;awG *pfwm
xufrenf; yg0ifwt hJ a=umif; Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;ulnaD pmifah &Smufa&;t wD; oD;csi;f qdak e=u+y;D ausmif;om;or*~o;D csi;f awGyg oDqv kd mwJt h wGuf
oif; atatyDyu D azmfjycJw h myg? ausmif;pnf;urf; xde;f odr;f a&;u *pfwmudk odr;f oGm;ygw,f/ 'Dvjkd zpfwmeJ@
'gayr,fv h nf; tusO;f om;awGjyefvw $ af y;bd@k ppftpd;k &a=unm ywfouf+y;D aemufae@rSm rauseyfwhJ ausmif;om; 50 avmufu ausmif;
csu[ f m jrefrmEdik if u H jy\emawGe@J ywfoufv@kd ajym=uqd=k ubd@k &So d vdk jref om;tcGiahf &; aºu;a=umfwmawGvyk cf w hJ ,fv@kd ausmif;om;wOD;u ajym
rmppftpd;k &0ef}u;D csKyf Adv k cf sKy}f u;D ode;f pdev f nf; wufa&mufvmbd@k &Sad ewJh ygw,f?
ukvor*~taxGaxGnv D mcH pwifr,ft h csed ef @J vnf; wdu k w f u kd qf ikd qf ikd f ausmif;om;awGu pmar;yGrJ ajzcifrmS xdik +f y;D awmh oDcsi;f awGqkd
xGuaf y:vmwmrd@k Edik if w H uma0zefra_ wGuae oufom&m&apbd@k óu;yrf;r_ ae=uw,f? *DwmeJ@oDcsi;f qdak e&if;eJ@ or*~ocD si;f / AuooDcsi;f qdv k u kd f
wJt h cg ausmif;om;awGenf;enf;tHv k mw,f? pnf;urf;xde;f odr;f a&; q&m
wcktjzpfvnf; ¶_jrifra_ wGu&Sad ewmjzpfygw,f?
awGu *Dwmudk odr;f oGm;wmudk ausmif;om;awGu rauseyf=ubl;?
'Dvt kd ajctaeawG&adS eayr,fv h nf; jrefrmEdik if eH @J ywfoufwhJ ajymoH
pmar;yGaJ jzwJt h csed rf mS ausmif;om;awGu E_wq f w d +f y;D awmhrS 21
qdo k aH wGuawmh xGuaf y:aeqJyg? Ak'[ < ;l aerSmbJ ukvor*~twGi;f a&;r;
&ufae@ naeydik ;f rSm olw@kd tcsi;f csi;f =um; 'Dvv kd yk wf m rw&m;bl;qdw k m
csKyu f ol@&J@jrefrmhrw d af qGrsm;tzG@J eJ@awG@qH+k y;D jrefrmhta&;aqG;aEG;cJ=h uwm
rsK;d awGjzpfvmw,fv@kd tJ'D ausmif;om;u ajymygw,f? 22 &ufae@ pmar;
vnf;jzpfygw,f? Edik if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D awGvnf; yg0ifwufa&mufc=hJuwJh 'DaqG; yGaJ jz+y;D csed rf mS ausmif;om; 50 ausmaf vmufu ausmif;om;awG vGwv f w G f
aEG;yGrJ mS jrefrmhta&;aqG;aEG;cJw h mawGe@J ywfoufv@kd puFmylEikd if jH cm;a&;0ef vyfvyfaecsiw f ,f/ ausmif;u tusO;f axmife@J rwlcsib f ;l / ausmif;om;
}u;D a*sm&h ¶fS ;kd uajymqd&k mrSm awG b,fo@l udrk S apmfum;wmr[kwb f ;l / oDcsi;f qdw k hJ udpu P kd vdu k w
f m;jrpf
usaemfw@kd tm;vH;k taeeJ@ a':atmifqef;pk=unfjyefvw $ af y;a&; wm ausmif;u tusO;f axmife@J wlae+yD qdw k mrsK;d awG aºu;a=umf=uwm
jrefrmppftpd;k &taeeJ@ 2010 a¶G;aumufy[ JG m vGwv f yfw&m;r#w+y;D t vd@k tJ'D ausmif;om;u ajymygw,f?
rsm;uvufcEH ikd w f thJ ajctaejzpfb@kd oHEXdM mefxm;&S&d r,fqw kd mudk usaemfw@kd ausmif;om;awG aºu;a=umf atmf[pf+y;D cHak wG bmawG±u kd ef @J
tm;vH;k u awmif;qdyk gw,f?qd+k y;D oluajymcJyh gw,f? puFmylEikd if &H @J tjrif ±ke;f &if;qefcwfjzpfomG ;wm ppfwyfe@J &JawG vm+y;D tcsed rf D xde;f uGyo f mG ;
uawmh jrefrmppfwyf[m jy\em&J@wpdww f ydik ;f jzpfovdk 'Djy\em&J@tajz awmh bmrSrjzpfvu kd b
f ;l ? tckxd bmrSawmh r=um;&bl;? tJ'h rD mS zrf;qD;wm
&Smbd@k twGuf r&Srd jzpfvt kd yfwt hJ pdwt f ydik ;f wckvnf;jzpfa=umif; ¶_jrifxm; wd@k bmrSr=um;&ao;ygb;l ?
w,f?vd@k twGi;f a&;r;csKy&f @J jrefrmhrw d af qGrsm;tzG@J aqG;aEG;yGrJ mS wuf 'Djzpf&yfe@J ywfoufv@kd '*kw H uUov kd u f kd qufo, G af r;jref;&mrSm
a&mufcw hJ hJ puFmylEikd if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D a*sm&h ¶fS ;kd uajymqdck w hJ myg? ajz=um;jcif; r&Syd gb;l ?

tJet
f ,
J v
f 'f u
D Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;rsm;tm; use;f rma&;aq;ukoay;
Mizzima / pufwifbm 21 ? ? trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf vlrt _ tJ't D wGuf aq;cef;udv k mjyw,f?vd@k ygwv D il ,ftzG@J 0if rjzLjzLoif;u
axmuftulðyvkyif ef;tzG@J u jyefvw G v f maom Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;rsm;udk rZÆrd udak jymygw,f?
use;f rma&;ppfaq;ukor_ ay;aea=umif;od&ygw,f? ygwAD [djk yef=um;a&;tzG@J 0if OD;tke;f óuifu jyefvw G v f mwJv h al wG&@J
,ckv 18 &ufae@rSpI tusO;f axmifrsm;rS vGw+f ird ;f csr;f omcGihf b0 jyefvnf&yfwnfa&;twGuf vdt k yfwyhJ yhH ;kd r_awGe@J wwfEikd o f avmuft
jzifv h w G v
f monfh oHCm/ trsK;d orD;/ v$waf wmftrwfEiS hf ygw0D ifrsm;tm; ultnDawGay;ygw,f? axmifujyefvmolawGukd aq;0g;ppfaq;ay;bd@k eJ@
use;f rma&;ukor_ay;ae&m &efuek w f ikd ;f A[ef;®re ,f&dS tJet f , J vf 'f ¶D ;kH csKyo
f @kd vdt k yfwu hJ se;f rma&; ukobd@k twGuf aqmif¶u G af y;aeygw,f?vd@k ajymyg
a&m*gonf 15 OD;xufrenf; vma&mufjyocJ+h y;D jzpfa=umif; ygww D m0ef&o dS l w,f?
rsm;u ajymqdyk gw,f? ¶Hk;csKyfwGif q&m0efrsm;uppfaq;+yD; a&m*gawG@v#if ygwDacgif;
vmjywJo h al wGu 15 a,mufausmrf ,fxifw,f/ xHek musief mawG aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf.rdom;pkq&m0ef a'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;xH
awmfawmfrsm;w,f/ raX;wd@k qd&k if ajcawmufwbufroefb;l ? xH+k y;D vrf; apv$wu f o k jcif;ESihf aq;0g;vdt k yfygu aiGaxmufyjhHcif;rsm;ðyvkyaf y;ygw,f?
udrk av#mufEikd bf ;l ? vdik ;f um;awGvnf;rpD;Edik b f ;l ? wcsK@d qd¶k ;kH rSm=um=umrae &efuek /f rEav;/ ppfuikd ;f / {&m0wD/ yJc;l ESihf weoFm&Dwikd ;f / csi;f / ucsi/f &
Edik b
f ;l ? touf¶w _ mawGbmawG usyv f mwJv h al wG&w dS ,f? wcsK@d u 0 vm cdik Ef iS hf rGejf ynfe,f&dS tJet f ,J v f 'f v
D rl t_ axmuftultzG@J rsm;uvnf; wd@k
w,f? 0 wmuyHrk eS rf [kwb f ;l ? vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;u armae=uw,f? a'o&Sad xmifrsm;rS jyefvw G vf monfEh ikd if aH &;tusO;f om;rsm; vrf;p&dwrf
vHak vmufv#if axmufyu hH m use;f rma&;twGuf aq;0g;ulnaD ew,fv@kd
òre ,f&rJ ; awG xde;f odr;f cHxm;& OD;tke;f óuifuajymygw,f/
,ckv 17 &ufae@wGif Edik if w H 0ef;&Sad xmifrsm;rS tusO;f om; 7114
DVB / pufwifbm 21 ? ? +y;D cJw h hJ &ufyikd ;f up+y;D &efuek w f ikd ;f u òre ,f&J OD;udk vGw+f ird ;f csr;f omcGiahf y;rnf[k ppftpd;k &ydik o f wif;pOfrsm;wGif a=unm
r;awG zrf;qD;ppfaq;cHae&w,fv@kd od&+y;D òre ,f&rJ ; awGe@J em;vnfr, _ l cJ+h y;D aemuf&ufrpS wifum jyefvw $ af y;ae&m ,ae@txdqv kd #if Edik if aH &;t
um zGix hf m;wJh um&mtdak uqdik ef @J tESyd cf ef;awGvnf; ydwx f m;&ygw,f? usO;f om; 126 OD;omyg0ifa=umif; xdik ;f Edik if t H ajcpdu k f Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;
+y;D cJw
h hJ &ufyikd ;f u &efuek w f ikd ;f u òre ,f&rJ ; wcsK@d udk p oH;k vH;k u rsm;ulnaD pmifah &Smufa&;toif; atatyDyD uajymygw,f? jrefrmEdik if w H iG f
ac:,l ppfaq;ar;jref;wmawGvyk af ew,fv@kd &Jwyfz@JG eD;pyfwhJ &efuek u f Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;aygi;f 2000 ausm&f adS ea=umif; qdx k m;ygw,f?
vmwJh owif;rsm;t& =um;od&ayr,fh od;jcm; twdðycsuaf wmh r&&Syd gb;l ?
òre ,f&rJ ; awGukd vmbfpm;r_/ tusiahf zmufzsurf a_ wGa=umifh topfajymif; a':atmifqef;pk=unfaoG;aygifcsdefusae
vmwJh wdik ;f &Jr; u 'Dvv kd yk af qmif&wm jzpfEikd w f ,fvkd cef@rSe;f ajymqdak e Mizzima / pufwifbm 21 ? ? aetd r f t us,f c sKyf u scH x m;&ol
=uygw,f? òre ,f&rJ ; wcsK@d udk ac:,lppfaq;aecsed rf mS t&ifu olw@kd eJ@ jrefrmh 'Dru kd a&pDacgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unfonf aoG;aygicf sed u f s
zufpyf+yD;zGifhxm;wJh um&mtdkauqdkifeJ@ tESdyfcef;awGvnf; 'D&ufydkif; aea=umif; tJet f , J v f 'f aD jymcGi&hf yk*Kd~ vu f ajymygw,f?
twGi;f rSm ydwx f m;&w,fv@kd od&ygw,f? t&ifu um&mtdak uqdik ef @J tEdyS f ,refae@u a':atmifqef;pk=unfxH olr.q&m0ef a'guw f mwif
cef;awGukd òre ,f&w J yfz@JG &J@ &Jro d m;pk0ifrsm; oufomacsmifcsad &;twGuf rsK;d 0if;oGm;a&mufI use;f rma&;ppfaq;cGi&hf &Scd &hJ mrS odvm&a=umif; ygwD
w&m;r0ifvyk u f ikd cf iG ðhf yxm;wmyg? &efuek w f ikd ;f u &Jr; wcsK@d udk poH;k vH;k u ajymcGi&hf OD;^m%f0if;u Mizzima udak jymqdck w hJ mjzpfygw,f? rae@unae
ac:,lar;jref;wmawGe@J ywfowf+y;D &Jwyfz@JG eJ@eD;pyfow l OD;u ajymygw,f? ydik ;f avmufrmS q&m0efe@J awG@vd@k &w,f? q&m0efajymwmuawmh use;f rm
&efuek rf mS &Sw d hJ òre ,fr; awG awmfawmfrsm;rsm; xde;f xm;w,fv@kd a&;aumi;fygw,fw?hJ a':pkuaoG;aygicf sed u f saew,fw?hJ vd@k OD;^m%f0if;u
ajymw,f/ vmbfpm;r_v@kd ajymwmyJ/ tqGcJ x H m;&wm 1 &uf 2 &uf avmuf ajymygw,f? rdom;pkq&m0efa'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;ESihf use;f rma&;ppfaq;
&S+d yaD yg?h tck tJ'u D pd aP wGe@J ywfouf+y;D awmh um&mtdak uawG/ jALwDq cGiðhf y&eftwGuf a':atmifqef;pk=unfu +y;D cJw h vhJ 11 &ufae@uwnf;u
vGe;f awG awmfawmfrsm;rsm;ydwx f m;&w,fw?hJ tm%mydik rf sm;xH awmif;qkcd +hJ y;D aemuf wvausmt f =um ,refae@urS
'Dvydkif;rSm &efukefwdkif; &Jr;a[mif; &Jr;}uD;0if;EdkifeJ@ ZeD;jzpfol yxrqH;k t}urd f aq;ukocGi&hf &Scd jhJ cif;jzpfygw,f? tus,cf sKyu f scaH e&wJh
a':ar$;ar$;udk tvSjyifqikd f trnfc+H y;D tESyd cf ef;awG zGix hf m;wmeJ@ ywfowf aetdrt f wGi;f tar&duefEikd if o H m; rpPwm*|e, f ufawm cd;k 0ifrp_ wifjzpf
+y;D ac:,lppfaq;cJw h ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? &ufyikd ;f twGi;f rSm &Jr; }u;D 0if;Edik f ay:cJw h u hJ mv arv 7 &ufae@wGif a'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;tm; tm%mydik f
&J@ZeD;a':ar$;ar$; zrf;qD;csKyaf ESmifxm;&mu v$waf jrmufomG ;wm &JcsKycf if&D rsm;u xde;f odr;f cJ+h y;D 10 &ufcef@t=umrSm jyefvnfvw $ af y;cJyh gw,f?
eJ@qufE, G rf &_ rdS ,fv@kd &Jwyfz@JG u cef@rSe;f ajymqdyk gw,f? &Jr; }u;D 0if;Edik u f rpPwm*|e, f ufawmu xdu k o hJ @kd 0ifa&mufco hJ nfukd a':atmifqef;
tjypfay;cH&rSm pd;k &drv f @kd aejynfawmftoGm; vrf;rSm xGuaf jy;oGm;w,fv@kd pk=unftm; aetdrt f us,cf sKypf nf;urf;azmufzsuo f nf[q k u kd m ajrmuf
&Jtodik ;f t0kid ;f eJ@ eD;pyfwhJ aemufwOD;u ajymygw,f? ydik ;f c¶dik w f &m;¶H;k u tvky=f urf;ESiahf xmif'%f 3 ESpjf ypf'%fcscyhJ gw,f? od@k
ud0k if;Edik u f kd aejynfawmfrmS ac:xm;awmh armifO;D u igu, kd w
f ikd f aomf ppftpd;k &t}u;D tuJ Adv k cf sKyrf ; }u;D oef;a¶$. óuwif!e¸ =f um;csujf zifh
awG@r,fvnf;qdka&m ±l;vft&qdk&if v$wfay;&r,fqdk+yD;awmh aejynf axmif'%fxuf0ufav#mu h m aetdrt f us,cf sKyf 18 vjzifh qdik ;f iHjh ypf'%f
awmfuae um;eJ@ 'd;k oGm;vdu k w
f m rvmawmhb;l ? uscaH e&ygw,f? ,ckv 18 &ufae@wGif a':atmifqef;pk=unf.tr_t,l
&JcsKyf Adv k rf ; csKycf if&[ D m Edik if aH wmft}u;D tuJawGukd aemufu, G f cHukd &efuek w f ikd ;f w&m;¶H;k Y ESpzf ufa&S@aersm;av#mufvcJ +hJ y;D vmr,hv f 2
rSmjyif;jyif;xefxef a0zefajymqdkwwfwm odxm;wJh &Jr;}uD;0if;Edkifu &ufae@wGif qH;k jzwfrnfv@kd w&m;¶H;k ucsed ;f qdck yhJ gw,f? xd&k ufcsed rf wdik rf D
azmfxw k rf mS udk pd;k &drw f t hJ wGuf &JcsKyu f ,kd wf ikd f xGuaf jy;cdik ;f vdu
k wf mjzpf a':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS hf awG@qHEk ikd &f ef olr.a&S@aersm;u pDpOfaea=umif;
Edik wf ,fv@kd vnf; ajymqdak e=uygw,f? OD;^m%f0if;u ajymygw,f?

udk;uef@ a'ouGyfuJa&; ppfqifa&;r; Akdvfr;csKyf0if;armif zrf;qD;ta&;,l
RFA / pufwifbm 21 ? ? ud;k uef@a'oud0 k ifwu kd pf Of ppftpd;k & wyfawG q,f vm;¶d;_ rSm&Sad eao;w,f? owif;ursK;d pHx k u G w f maygAh sm? 'gayr,fh
udOk ;D pD;cJo
h l 'pu a'ouGyu f aJ &; ppfqifa&;XmecsKyrf ; Adv k rf ; csKy0f if;armif usaemfw@kd jrifwmuawmh 'Dwu kd yf rJG mS ol ppfa&;t&a&m Edik if aH &;¶H;_ w,fqkd
udk ta&;,lxm;w,fqw kd o
hJ wif;awG xGuaf y:aeygw,f? wmazmfjywmbJ? Adv k rf ; csKyw f a,mufwnf;ta&;,lc&H w,f/ 'grrS [kwf 'D
vuf&t dS aeeJ@ Adv
k rf ; csKy0f if;armifukd vm¶d;_ ®r &yc rSm tus,cf sKyf ¶H;_ edrrhf t
_ wGuu f kd 0if;armifu"kd m;pm;cHxnfv h u kd w f mbJjzpfw,f?
csxm;w,fv@kd &yc eJ@eD;pyfwo hJ wif;&yfuu G u f ajymqdyk gw,f? Adv k rf ; csKyf ud;k uef@wdu k yf rJG mS zke=f um;&Sib f ufuwdu k cf u kd of l waxmifavmufbJ
0if;armifukd tckvt kd a&;,lwu hJ pd eP @J ywfouf+y;D w¶kwjf ynfbufuukeo f nf &Sad yr,fh Adv k rf ; csKy0f if;armifu wyf&if; 20 ausmt f jyif vufeuf}u;D awGukd
t0dik ;f t0dik ;f =um;rSm xGuaf y:aewJo h wif;uawmh ukeo f nfawGxu H vm'f oH;k wmjzpfygw,f? tustqH;k vnf;trsm;tjym; &Scd w hJ myg?
,lv@kd jzpfw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? em&D 20 rjynfw h w hJ ukd yf rJG mS wyf&if; 20 ausmo f ;kH cJw
h ,f? tajrm uf
'gayr,fh typf&yfwikd ;f &if;om;rsm; owif;&yfuu G uf ajymqdw k mu }u;D aygi;f rsm;pGmoH;k cJ+h y;D awmh Edik if o hH rdik ;f rSmu +ird ;f csr;f a&;udzk suq f ;D ol/ wdik ;f
awmh ud;k uef@a'oud0k ifwu kd pf Of ppftpd;k &bufu tustqH;k rsm;vd@k jzpf &if;om;awGukd ESpaf ygi;f 20 avmuf vdrv f nfc+hJ y;D aemufq;kH rSm ol@tiftm;
w,fv@kd ajymygw,f? tustqHo k wif;eJ@ywfouf+y;D ppftpd;k &owif;pm eJ@zd+y;D awmh ajz&Si;f bd@k óu;pm;wm? tJ'aD wmh 'DwyfawG[m olwnfaqmufchJ
awGrmS 20 ausmjf zpfw,fv@kd a&;ayr,fh wu,fwrf;u 'kwyf&if;r;wOD;tyg wm 'Dvkd vufeuftiftm;}u;D atmifwnfaqmufcw hJ m[m wjcm; jynfy
t0if t&m&Sd 7 OD;eJ@ pkpak ygi;f usq;kH ol 50 ausmw f ,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? tE&,fxuf jynfwiG ;f rSm&Sw d hJ vlrsK;d pkvufeufuikd af wG/ jynfwiG ;f uol@tvdrk
'%f&m&olvnf; 100 ausmw f ,fv@kd typf&yfwikd ;f &if;om;tzG@J awG vdu k Ef ikd w
f hJ twGi;f u0ifcsr,fv h al wGukd wdu k cf u
kd b f @kd jzpfw,fqw kd m yd+k y;D yDyD
u ajymygw,f? w¶kw-f jrefrme,fpyftajcpdu k f ppfa&;Edik if aH &;avhvmol jyifjyifzmfjywmayg?h 'g ud;k uef@wdu k yf aJG zmfjycsuaf wGjzpfw,f? 'Dwu kd yf rJG mS b,f
OD;atmifausmaf Zmuawmh ud;k uef@wdu k yf [
JG m ppftpd;k &twGuf ppfa&;t& vdb k jJ zpfaejzpfae ol[m Edik if aH &;t& t}u;D tus,¶f ;_H edrchf w hJ mjzpfw,f?
a&m Edik if aH &;t&yg ¶H;_ wmjzpfw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f?
us,cf sKyu
vm;¶d;_ rSmtus,cf sKyu
f sw,fvu
f sw,f/ wcsK@d uvnf; aejynfawmfrmS t
kd m;w,f? 'gayr,fh aocsmwmuawmh avmavm
jrefrmhupd t
P pnf;ta0; [Dvm&Dwuf
DVB / pufwifbm 22 ? ? e,l;a,mufrmS usi;f yaewJh ukvor*~taxG
7000 ausmrf mS cGex
f eG ;f OD; OD;av;yg0if axG nDvmcHumvtwGi;f ukvor*~taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;r;csKyu
jzefrmS OD;pD;usi;f yr,fh jrefrmhrw d af qGrsm; 14 Ekid if 0H ef}u;D tqifh aqG;aEG;yGJ
f reuf
DVB / pufwifbm 22 ? ? 'Dv 18 &ufae@u ppftyk pf u k vGw+f ird ;f csr;f rSm yxrqkH;taeeJ@ tar&duefEkdifiHjcm;a&;0ef}uD; [Dvm&Duvifwef
omcGiehf @J v$waf y;vku d w f hJ tusO;f om; 7000 ausmx f rJ mS cGexf eG ;f OD;&J@OD;av; wufa&mufz@dk &Sw d ,fv@kd ajymygw,f?
awmfol pyfO;D =umvnf; yg0ifw,fv@kd &Sr;f wkid ;f &if;om;rsm; 'Dru dk a&pDtzJ@G ukvor*~ taxGaxGnv D mcHumvtwGi;f e,l;a,mufrmS tar
csKyf tufpt f eft,fv'f u D ajymygw,f? &duef Ekid if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D twGuf Edik if w H um tpnf;ta0;aygi;f rsm;pGmxJ
cGex f eG ;f OD;wk@d tr_e@J qufpyfzrf;qD;cH&wJh pyfO;D =umukd jyefvw $ af y;+y;D u jrefrmhrw d af qGEikd if rH sm; tkypf t k pnf;ta0;ukd wufa&mufz@dk pDpOfxm;
&Sr;f tzJ@G csKyf SNLD OuUÏOD;cGex f eG ;f OD;eJ@tr_ww GJ w l hJ twGi;f a&;r;pkid ;f !Ge@f vGif wmu jrefrmhEikd if aH &;jy\em[m tar&duefEikd if jH cm;a&;rl0g'xJrmS ta&;
yl;aygi;f aqmif&u G af &;aumfrwD a*satpDem,u SSA ajrmufyidk ;f rS Akv d cf sKyf w}u;D wck jzpfwnf&adS ewmudk jyoaewJh oauFwyJv@kd urBmrh 'D , D mawG
aqxife@J &Sr;f vli,ftygt0if wjcm; 5 OD;ukrd v$waf y;bl;vk@d SNLD ygwD rSm azmfjyae=uygw,f? tar&duefEidk if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D [Dvm&Duvifwef
ajymcGi&hf ol pkid ;f vdwu f ajymygw,f? u 'DwywftwGi;f ukvor*~taxGaxGnv D mcHumvrSm aqmif&u G pf &m/
18 &ufae@ n 10 em&DrmS pyfO;D =umudk jyefvw $ af y;vdu k w f ,f? ajz&Si;f p&m/ aqG;aEG;p&mawGta=umif; +y;D cJw h hJ aom=umae@u owif;pm
v$waf y;vdu k cf si;f òrx u J kd jyefrvm&ao;yJ tufpb f u D kd oGm;awG@+y;D rS w &Si;f vif;yGrJ mS ajym&if;eJ@ jrefrmEkid if jH y\emudv k nf; aqG;aEG;zd@k &Sw d ,fv@kd
a,mufcsi;f pDukd qdik u f ,fwpD;csi;f vdu k yf @kd w,f? n 12 em&Dukd rEav;òr &Si;f jycJw
h myg?
xJa&mufw,fv@kd =um;od&w,f/ 19 &ufae@ naeydik ;f 6 em&Dukd ol@ae reufjzef usi;f yr,fh ukvor*~taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;r; befurD eG ;f
tdru f kd a&mufomG ;w,fv@kd owif;&&Syd gw,f? OD;pD;usi;f ywJh jrefrmhrw d af qGEikd if rH sm; 14 Ekid if aH qG;aEG;yGrJ mS ppftpd;k &ud, k f
pyfO;D =umukd 2005 cku &Sr;f jynf twkid yf ifczH @GJ pnf;r_e@J cGex f eG ;f OD; pm;ðye,l;a,mufukd a&muf&adS ewJh OD;^m%f0if;u 'Dtpnf;ta0;udk wuf
tygt0if &Sr;f acgi;f aqmifwcsK@d / vli,fwcsK@d ukd zrf;qD;vku d +f y;D aemufyidk ;f a&mufz@kd zdw=f um;xm;ayr,fh wufrmS r[kwb f ;l vd@k ukvor*~ow H ref
rSmpyfO;D =umukd zrf;qD;cJw h mjzpf+y;D axmif'%f 13 ESpef @J rEWav;axmifudk todik ;f t0dik ;f uwqifh od&ygw,f? ukvor*~uvmwJh ±du k w f mowif;
yk@d vdu k wf mjzpfygw,f? pyfO;D =umukd 'Dvv dk w $ af y;vku d o f vkd wjcm;usew f Jh wckrmS OD;^m%f0if;taeeJ@ e,l;a,muf ukvor*~±;Hk &Jh ywfvnf 25 rdik f
olawGuv dk nf; v$waf y;apvkw d ,fv@kd pkid ;f vdwu f ajymygw,f? yJomG ;vmcGihf &S&d muae 0g&iS w f ef 'DprD mS &Sw d hJ jrefrmoH±;Hk udk oGm;a&muf
OD;cGex f eG ;f OD;tr_weJG @J ywfoufv@kd vGwv f mwm wa,mufrrS awG@ vnfywfciG hf &cJw h ,fv@kd azmfjyxm;ygw,f?
ao;bl;? tckvw G v f mwJph yfO;D =um tygt0if tjcm;yk*Kd~ vrf sm;taeeJ@olw@kd ukvor*~ taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;r_;csKyu f jrefrmEdik if rH mS Ekid if aH &;t
,H=k unfcsuaf =umifh tzrf;cH&w,f? &mZ0wfru _ sL;vGew f mvnf; r[kwb f ;l ? usO;f om;awG rvGwaf jrmufao;wJh tajctae/ trsK;d om;jyefvnfoifjh rwf
Edik if aH wmfukd wu,fyek u f efaewmvnf; r[kwb f ;l ? tm;vH;k udk jyefvw $ +f y;D a&;rjzpfay:ao;wJyh uwdtajctaeudk reufjzeftpnf;ta0;rSm wifjyr,fh
awG@qHak qG;aEG;a&; pwifz@kd toifah wmfq;kH tcsed v f @kd oH;k oyfcsiyf gw,f? oabm&Syd gw,f? 'gt h jyif tar&duefEidk if b H ufu jrefrmEdik if q H ikd &f m Ekid if H
79 ESpef @J &ckid jf ynfe,f ausmufjzLaxmifrmS tusO;f usaewJh pkid ;f vS jcm;a&;&m rl0g'opfukd ajymqdv k mrvm;vd@k ar#mv f ifoh ;Hk oyfra_ wG&w dS thJ
atmif[m qD;csKad &m*g t&rf;qk;d ae+y;D wud, k v f ;Hk ,m;emawGayguaf ewJh jyif w±kwEf idk if &H @J jrefrmEdik if tH ay: oabmxm; bmjzpfvmrvJqw kd mudk
twGuf ol@use;f rma&;twGuf axmifq&m0efe@J awG@zk@d pDpOfaew,fv@kd vnf; pdw0f ifwpm;apmif=h unhaf eolawG&w dS ,fv@kd tefp*D s, D bl &D hJ ukvo
pkid ;f vdwu f ajymygw,f? r*~qidk &f m ud, k pf m;vS,f OD;aomif;xGe;f u ajymygw,f?

1234567890123
1234567890123
1234567890123
1234567890123
oifha=umifh ppfwyfu|ef rjzpfygapESifh ausmfausmfpdk;
1234567890123
1234567890123
,ckwavm 2010 a¶G;aumufyEJG iS yfh wfoufaom toHrsm;ud=k um; tm; tm%mv$aJ jymif;jcif;rðyvdak oma=umifh zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'opfukd
ae&onf? rqef;vSay/ 2010 ckEpS o f @kd eD;uyfvm+yjD zpfaoma=umifw h nf;? a&;qG&J efvt kd yfonf[k ta=umif;jycJo h nf?
etz . 0g'jzef@owif;pmrsm;wGif a¶G;aumufyt JG a=umif;udk ta&; od@k aomf wu,fwrf; zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'opfukd a&;qGo J nft h cg
om;azmfjyr_rsm;vmonf? a¶G;aumufyo JG nf 'Dru kd a&pDo@kd wufvrS ;f a&;t wGirf l a¶G;aumufyt JG Edik &f v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;tm; v$waf wmfac:
wGuf rnfr#ta&;ygonf/ rnfonft h zG@J tpnf;rsm; yk*Kd~ vrf sm;u 0ifa&muf cGirhf ay;onft h jyif tajccHOya'a&;qG&J mwGiv f nf; ryg0ifEikd af tmif enf;t
,SO®f yif=urnf[k qdo k nf? a¶G;aumufyt JG wGuf jynfwiG ;f tiftm;pkrsm;xJrS rsK;d rsK;d jzifh ydwyf ifaESmif, h u S cf o hJ nf? Tod@k jzifh e0w etz [k emrnftrsK;d
axmufcrH r_ sm;&&Sad e+y/D jynfyrSy*k Kd~ vrf sm;/ Edik if rH sm;uvnf; a¶G;aumufyJG rsK;d wyfxm;onfh ppfwyfacgi;f aqmifyikd ;f wd@k u Edik if zH @JG pnf;tkycf sKyyf t kH ajccH
usi;f yum 'Dru kd a&pDajymif;vJa&;qDo@kd axmufct H m;ay;ae=u+y[ D k a&;om; Oya'tm; 1993 ckEpS w f iG pf I 'Dru kd a&pDpEH ;H_ rsm;ESirhf udu k n f b D J wd@k pdwf
=uonf? óuufa&;qGv J mEdik cf o hJ nf?
jynfwiG ;f &Sd tcsK@d aomEdik if aH &;tiftm;pkrsm;/ wdik ;f &if;om;tzG@J t 14 ESpt f =um 2008 ckEpS Yf vlxt k m;twif;t"rRtwnfðycdik ;f +y;D
pnf;tcsK@d uvnf; ygwaD xmifrnf/ 2010 a¶G;aumufyYJG 0ifa&muf,OS ®f yif aemuf a¶G;aumufyaJG c:&eftqifo h @kd a&mufvmawmhonf? Tod@k aom
rnf[k yGiyhf iG v hf if;vif;ajymqdrk r_ sm;&So d uJo h @kd oG,0f u _d u f majymqdrk r_ sm;vnf; tajccHOya'rsK;d onf tem*wfjrefrmEdik if w H iG f 'Dru kd a&pDtajcðyEdik if aH &;pepf
&So d nf? tcsK@d uvnf; rD;pif=unfu h rnfo h abmrsK;d ajymonfrsm;vnf;&Sd udk xlaxmifEikd rf nfavmqdo k nfh ar;cGe;f xkw&f jcif;. t"du ta=umif;&if;
onf? tcsK@d uvnf; a¶G;aumufyrJG 0if[ak jym=uonf? jzpfvmonf? tm%modr;f ppfacgi;f aqmif etz Adv k cf sKy}f u;D rsm;u wyfr
v$waf wmfa¶G;aumufy/JG orwa¶G;aumufy/JG a'oE&a¶G;aumufyJG awmfonf tem*wftrsK;d om;Edik if aH &;wGif OD;aqmiftcef;uyg0if&rnf qdk
ponfw@kd onf Edik if w H Edik if w H iG f tpd;k &tzG@J tajymif;tvJ/ Edik if aH &;tajymif;t onft h csuu f kd OD;xdyx f m;onf? Tonfu 2008 zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'.
vJ/ tkycf sKyaf &;tajymif;tvJtwGuf tajccHtusq;kH aomvkyif ef;pOfrsm;xJ t"du &nf¶, G cf sujf zpfonf?
rS wckjzpfonf? 'Dru kd a&pDo@kd av#mufvrS ;f rnfEh ikd if rH sm;/ 'Dru kd a&pDusio hf ;kH xdzk @JG pnf;yHt k ajccHOya't&qdv k #if Edik if t H qifv h w $ af wmfEpS &f yfpvH;k
aomEdik if rH sm;wGif vGwv f yf+y;D w&m;r#waom a¶G;aumufyrJG sm;udk usi;f y wGio f mru jynfe,fvw $ af wmfrsm;Yyg trwfae&mta&twGu. f 25 µ
=uonf? rSm vlxu k a¶G;aumufvu kd af om jynfo@l ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;r[kwb f J um
xdo k @kd a¶G;aumufyrJG sm;Y jynforl sm;uwd@k ud, k pf m; Edik if /H a'oudk uG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f a¶G;cs,cf ef@tyfonfh wyfrawmfom;rsm;jzpfonf? ppf
pDrcH ef@cGOJ ;D aqmifrnfo h rl sm;udk a¶G;cs,=f uonf? Tonfukd ud, k pf m;ðy'Dru kd wyfu .ta&;udprP sm;tm; oD;jcm;vGwv f yfpmG pDrcH ef@cGaJ qmif¶u G yf ikd f
a&pD[k ac:qd=k uonf? 17 &mpkuwnf;u pwifusio hf ;kH vmcJo h nfrmS ,ae@ cGiu hf kd 2008 tajccHOya'xJwiG f tmrcHay;xm;onf?
wdik jf zpfonf? jrefrmppftm%mydik rf sm;u usi;f y&efppD Ofxm;onfh 2010 ppfwyfonf 'kw, d orw wOD;udk trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f cGi&hf o dS nf?
a¶G;aumufyo JG nf 'Dru kd a&pDtpd;k &w&yf ay:xGe;f vmapa&;twGuf tqifh v$waf wmfEpS &f yfu 'kw, d orw 2 OD;udk trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f cGi&hf o dS nf?
7 qifyh g Edik if aH &;vrf;jyajryHEk iS t fh nD vkyaf qmifonf[q k okd nf? xdk 3 OD;xJrS 1 OD;udk orwtjzpfa¶G;cs,rf nf[q k okd nf? 'kw, d orw
jrefrmEdik if w H iG f a¶G;aumufyt JG m; w&m;r#wpGmjzifu h si;f yEdik v
f #i/f rsm;ESihf orw wd@k onf Edik if aH &;/ tkycf sKyaf &;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ ppfa&;udprP sm;udk
jynfov l x l u k vGwv f yfpmG rJay;Edik v f #i/f xdak ¶G;aumufyrJG sm;rSwqifh a¶G;cs,f aumif;pGmem;vnfaqmif¶u G Ef idk of l jzpf&rnf[k tqdyk gtajccHOya'u qdk
wifajru cf cH &hJ onfh jynfo@l ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;jzifh 'Dru kd &ufwpftpd;k &w&yf xm;onf? umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyo f nf Edik if w H iG tf a&;ay:tajctae a=u
udk zG@J pnf;Edik af yvdrrhf nf? od@k aomf 'Dru kd a&pDtajcðyEdik if aH &;pepfukd xlaxmif nmydik cf iG &hf +dS y;D Edik if u H pkd rD cH ef@cGt J yk cf sKyrf o_ nf tajccHOya'ESihf tnDjzpfonf[k
Edik rf nfav[k ar;cGe;f xkwv f akd yonf? xdo k @kd ar;cGe;f xkw&f jcif;twGuf t twdtvif;a&;om;xm;onf? Ttcsuu f ppfwyfutm%modr;f jcif;
a=umif;&if;rsm;&Sad ejcif;a=umifh jzpfonf? onfyifv#if tajccHOya't&jzpfaea=umif; awG@&onf? ppfwyfonf rnf
v$waf wmfqo kd nfrmS Edik if . H ta&;udprP sm;udk aqG;aEG;&mae&mjzpf onft h csed w f iG rf qdk tm%modr;f ydik cf iG &hf adS ea=umif; tajccHOya'u tmrcH
onf? vdt k yfaomOya'rsm;udk twnfðyjyXmef;&m ae&mjzpfonf? Oya'[k csuaf y; xm;ouJo h @kd jzpfaeawmhonf?
qdo k nfEiS hf Edik if w H Edik if t H wGi;f &Sd Oya'rsm;teuf xdyw f ef;tusq;kH / tjrifrh m; xd@k tjyif Ekid if u H muG,af &;ESihf vHðk caH &;aumifpq D o kd nfvnf;&Sad o;
qH;k Oya'rSm zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'jzpfonf? xd@k a=umifh zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'udk onf? xdak umifpt D m; tzG@J 0if 11 OD;jzifh zG@J pnf;xm;&rnf[q k o kd nf? xdt k xJ
Edik if .
H touf/ Oya'tm;vH;k .rdcifOya'[k ac:qd=k uonf? wGif 6 OD;onf ppfwyfrv S maom od@k r[kwf ppfwyfrcS ef@tyfaomolrsm;jzpf
zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'qdo k nfrmS tpd;k &w&yftwGuf tkycf sKyaf &;qdik f &rnfh 'kw, d orw wOD;f / umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKy/f 'kw, d umuG,af &;OD;pD;
&m pnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;udk pmjzift h wdtus a&;qGx J m;aomt&mjzpf csKy/f umuG,af &;0ef}u;D / jynfxaJ &;0ef}u;D / e,fpyfa&;&m0ef}u;D wd@k jzpfaejyef
onf? xdt k ajccHOya'xJwiG f Edik if aH &;tm%mt0ef;t0dik ;f udk azmfjyxm; onf? ta=umif;wpHw k &ma=umifh tqdyk gaumifpt D wGi;f oabmxm;nd
onf? Edik if aH &;qdik &f m tajccHpnf;rsO;f pnf;urf;rsm;udk azmfjyxm;onf? Edi_ ;f r&bJ rJcq JG ;kH jzwf&onfh tqifa&mufaomtcgrsK;d wGif ppfwyfonf t
tkycf sKyaf &;qdik &f m tzG@J tpnf;tqifq h if. h zG@J pnf;r_yo kH ¾ef/ tm%mcGaJ 00 rsm;pkoabmqENukd tvG,w f ul&&Sad ernfjzpfonf? Ttcsurf mS pDrcH ef@cGJ
r_ usio hf ;kH r_/ jynfov l x l .k tcGit hf a&;/ wm0ef ponfrsm;udk twdtvif; tkycf sKyrf r_ sm;wGif tajccHOya'abmiftwGi;f rSaeI ppfwyfuvuf0g;}u;D tkyf
a&;om;azmfjyxm;onf? cs,v f , S Ef ikd cf iG &hf ae+y;D wenf;tm;jzifh tm%mudk w&m;0iftvGo J ;kH pm;jcif;
jrefrmEdik if w H iG f 1988 ckEpS rf S ,ae@wdik f tm%modr;f xm;aom ppf yifjzpfonf?
wyfacgi;f aqmifw@kd u wd@k om tm%mcsKyu f ikd Ef ikd af &;udo k m tpOfwpdu k f umuG,af &;/ jynfxaJ &;/ enfpyfa&;&m0ef}u;D rsm;ESihf 'k0ef}u;D rsm;t
óu;yrf;aecJ=h uonf? trSepf ifppf wd@k onf ud, k pf m;ðy'Dru kd a&pDpepfukd jyif yxr ESihf 'wd, orwrsm;udk umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f trnfpm&if;wif
azmfaqmifrnfh 1990 a¶G;aumufyJG tEdik &f trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf oGi;f aomolrsm;xJro S m a¶G;cs,cf ef@tyf&rnf[k qdx k m;onft h jyif xdo k l

rsm;tm; &mxl;rSz,f&mS ;&rnft h cgrsK;d wGif umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyEf iS hf nEd i_d ;f udk =unfrh nfavm/ umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyrf suEf mS ud=k unfrh nfavm?
aqmif¶u G &f rnf[k tajccHOya'xJwiG f qdx k m;onft h wGuf umuG,af &;OD; ppfwyfu.ta&;udpPrsm;tm;oD;jcm;vGwfvyfpGmpDrHcef@cGJ
pD;csKyo f nf tpd;k &ESiv hf w $ af wmfw@kd xufyif tm%myd}k u;D rm;aeonf? aqmif¶u G yf ikd cf iG &hf odS nfqakd om Oya'jyXmef;csuw f iG f tqdyk g oD;jcm;vGwf
2008 ckEpS w f iG f vlxq k ENc, H yl jJG zifh twnfðyonfqakd om tqdyk g vyfpmG qdak omvkyyf ikd cf iG u hf kd v$waf wmf.oabmwlncD suf od@k r[kwf tpd;k
zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'Y ppfwyfutem*wf jrefrmhEikd if aH &;avmutm; Oya' &tzG@J . oabmwlncD sut f wdik ;f om jzpf&rnf[k jyifqifum tm%mudk
ðytm%m/ tkycf sKyaf &;tm%mrsm;udk xdu k o hJ @kd vuf0g;}u;D tkyf v$r;f rd;k cs,f uef@owfrnfqykd gu umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f cef@xm;aom ppfwyfu, kd pf m;
vS,yf ikd cf iG hf ay;xm;onft h wGuf 2008 zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'tm; ppfwyft vS,t f rwfrsm;onf jynfo@l rsuEf mS ud=k unfrh nfavm/ umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf
vdu k s a&;qGx J m;aom tajccHOya'[kq&kd jcif;jzpfonf? ppfwyfuvuf0g; rsuEf mS ud=k unfrh nfavm?
}u;D tkyx f m;aom tajctaersK;d wGif 'Dru kd a&pDpEH ;_H rsm; xifxif&mS ;&Sm;&Srd umuG,af &;/ jynfxaJ &;/ e,fpyfa&;&m0ef}u;D rsm;ESihf orw wd@k udk
aeonft h wGuaf =umifh ppfreS af om'Dru kd a&pDðyjyifajymif;vJa&;/ ppfreS af om umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f aomolrsm;xJrS a¶G;cs,cf ef@
'Dru kd a&pDazmfaqmifa&;udk trSew f u,faqmif¶u G Ef ikd yf grnfavm? tyf&rnf[q dk x kd m;onft h jyif xdo k rl sm;tm; &mxl;rSz,f&mS ;&rnft h cgrsK;d
jrefrmEdik if . H yuwdjzpfysuaf eaom Edik if aH &;/ pD;yGm;a&;/ vlra_ &;t wGif umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyEf iS hf !Ed i_d ;f aqmif¶u G &f rnf[k tajccHOya'xJwiG f
ajctaersm;t& a¶G;aumufyu JG si;f yum jynfo@l ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;jzifzh @JG pnf; qdxk m;onft h csuo f nf umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f tpd;k &tzG@J xuf tm%m
xm;aom v$waf wmfrw S qifh 'Dru kd a&pDðyjyifajymif;vJrr_ sm;udk wjznf;jznf; }u;D aeaoma=umifh TonfrmS 'Dru kd a&pDpEH ;_H rsm;ESihf rnfo@kd r#rtyfpyfI
csi;f vkyaf qmifomG ;ygu 'Dru kd a&pDxeG ;f um;aom jrefrmEdik if t H jzpf toGif umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKy. f vkyyf ikd cf iG thf m%mudk av#mch s¶w k o f rd ;f &ef v$waf wmf
ajymif;Edik v f rd rhf nf[k ,lqolrsm;vnf;&So d nf? wGi;f óu;yrf;vkyaf qmifvmygu umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyu f cef@xm;aom ppf
xdt k ,ltqudv k ufco H rl sm;u ,ckavmavmq,fwiG f ppfwyfu wyfu, kd pf m;vS,t f rwfrsm;onf jynfo@l rsuEf mS udk =unfrh nfavm/ um
tkycf sKyaf eonft h wGuf ajyma&;qdyk ikd cf iG hf vkyu f ikd yf ikd cf iG rhf &jzpfae+y;D a¶G; uG,af &;OD;pD;csKyrf suEf mS udk =unfrh nfavm?
aumufyu JG si;f y+y;D pD;oGm;ygu ay:ayguv f maomv$waf wmfwiG f ta&;udpP 'Drukd a&pDtajcðy Edik if aH &;pepfwiG f jynfov l x l o k nf t&Sio f cifjzpf
rsm;udk w&m;0ifajymqdak qG;aEG;cGirhf sm; &vmrnf[m,H=k unfar#mv f ifah e=u onf? tjrifq h ;kH tm%mydik jf zpfonf? jynfow l @kd .tusK;d pD;yGm;udk jri w hf ifum
onf? Something is better than nothing qdo k nfh t,ltqrsK;d jzpfonf? uG,af y;&ef tmrcHcsut f jynft h 0&So d nf? od@k aomf 2008 zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccH
xdt k ,ltqrsK;d onf tm%mudx k m0&csKyu f ikd Ef ikd &f ef enf;rsK;d pHjk zifh Oya't& ppfwyfonf tjrifq h ;kH tm%mydik jf zpfaeonf? t&Sio f cifjzpfae
óu;yrf;aeaom etz Adv k cf sKy}f u;D rsm;tkycf sKyaf eonfh umvrsK;d wGif vGepf mG onf? jynfov l x l o k nf ppfwyfu|ejf zpfaeonfu h ed ;f qdu k af eonf?
a=umufrufb, G af umif;aom t,ltqjzpfonf? trsK;d om;nDvmcHwiG f 'Dru kd a&pDupkd pfreS pf mG ,H=k unfaomolw@kd taejzifh tqdyk gtajct
Edik if aH &;ygwrD sm;/ wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d pkrsm;tm; ppftm%mydik rf sm;u rnf aeudk vufawG@taumiftxnfay:vmatmif vkyaf qmifoifo h avm/ od@k
od@k rnfyq kH ufqcH o hJ nf/ rnfo@kd uef@owfcsKycf s,cf o hJ nf/ wd@k tvdt k wdik ;f r[kwf roifo h avm qdo k nft h csuu f kd tcsed rf jD ywfom;pGm qH;k jzwfEikd v f rd hf
rnfo@kd ðyvkycf =hJ uonfukd jyefvnfpOf;pm;oH;k oyfrv d #if Something is bet- rnf[, k q l onf? xd@k a=umifh vuf&jdS refrmhEikd if aH &;tusyt f wnf;ajz&Si;f &ef
ter than nothing qdo k nfh t,ltqrSm vuf&t dS ajctaewGif rnfr#tE ESihf tem*wftwGuf cdik rf monf'h rD u kd a&pDtw k jf rpfukd csEikd af &;onf 2010
&,f}u;D onfukd od&edS m;vnf=urnf[k ,lqrdonf? a¶G;aumufyrJG [kwb f J 2008 zG@J pnf;yHt k ajccHOya'udk 'Dru kd a&pDpEH r_H sm;ESit hf
tu,fI etz uusi;f y&efppD Ofxm;aom 2010 a¶G;aumufyjJG zpf nD t&ifq;kH jyefvnfo;kH oyf jyifqifEikd af &;onfom r&Srd jzpfta&;ygaom
ajrmufum xdak ¶G;aumufyw JG iG f 0ifa&muf,OS ®f yiforl sm;xJrS a¶G;cs,cf &H onfh udpjP zpfa=umif; jrefrmhEikd if aH &;orm;rsm;/ Edik if aH &;v_y&f mS ;olrsm;tygt0if
trwfrsm;u bmvky=f urnfenf;? tvG,w f ul cef@rSe;f Edik o f nfrmS xdx k kd jrefrmjynfojl ynfom;tm;vH;k od&edS m;vnf&efvt kd yfonf?
aom a¶G;cs,w f ifajrm ufc&H olw@kd onf vGwv f yfaomtpd;k &w&yfukd zG@J pnf; txl;ojzifh a¶G;aumufy0JG if=urnfqo kd nfh Ekid if aH &;orm;rsm;u
v#uf wdik ;f jynfuOkd ;D aqmifprD cH ef@cGEJ ikd rf nfr[kwaf y? v$waf wmftrwfw@kd em;vnfoabmaygu&f ef vdt k yfaeonf? vuf&dS jrefrmjynfojl ynfom;rsm;
onfvnf; v$waf wmfxw J iG f vGwv f yfpmG Oya'ðyEkid rf nfr[kwaf y? ESiwfh uG aemufxyfarG;zGm;vmrnfh jrefrmuav;wd@k . aemifa&;twGuyf g
25µyg0ifaeaom ppfwyft&m&Srd sm;tygt0if tm;vH;k aomv$wf xnfo h iG ;f pOf;pm;vdo k nf? wenf;qd&k v#if oifu, kd wf ikd v f nf; ppfwyfu|ef
awmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;onf v$waf wmfay:ayguv f mygu 2008 tajccHOy tjzpfrcHoifo h uJo h @kd arG;zGm;vmrnfh jrefrmjynfom; uav;i,frsm;rSm
a'. csnaf ESmifww k rf u _ kd cH&rnfrmS aocsmaygujf zpfonf? tajccHOya'ygt vnf; oifah =umifh arG;&myg ppfwyfu|ef rjzpfygapESi[ hf k qdck siyf gonf?
wdik ;f vku d ef mtaumiftxnfazmf&ayvdrrhf nf? xdt k &mrSvI JG tjcm;rnf
onft h &mr# vkyaf qmifI&rnfr[kwaf y? rsufEmS zk;H rS
a¶G;aumufy0JG ifrnf[q k o kd rl sm;wGif 'Dru kd a&pDðyjyifajymif;vJa&;t olu tay;t,loabmtxd a&mufomG ;r,fqw kd thJ aersK;d &Swd t
hJ
wGuf tajccHOya'udk aemufyikd ;f wGif wjznf;jznf;csi;f ðyjyifomG ;Edik rf nfqo kd nfh cgusawmh wbufowf&yf+y;D tðyoabm=unfq h ufqaH ewJh oabmrsK;d r
tawG;rsm;&Srd nfrmS aocsmonf? etz Adv k cf sKy}f u;D rsm;u 2008 tajccH [kwb f ;l ? vkyif ef;taeeJ@ygwu hJ pd rP sK;d udk aqmif¶uG of mG ;bd@k / Oyrmtm;jzifh
Oya'wGif tajccHOya'ygta=umif;t&mrsm;udk jyifqif/ y,fzsurf r_ sm;udk jzpfaewJh Edik if aH &;jy\em tusyt f wnf;awG/ pD;yGm;a&;tcuftcJawGukd
jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;. 75 µ xufausmv f eG yf gu vkyaf qmif yl;aygi;f aqmif¶u G +f y;D awmh tajz&Sma&;/ a':atmifqef;pk=unfe@J 'Dru kd a&pD
I&onf[m azmfjyxm;onf? ppfwyfoabmwlaomt&mrsm; jyifqify,f tiftm;pkawG/ wdik ;f &if;om;awGtygt0if awG@qHak qG;aEG;+y;D awmh Edik if aH &;
zsuaf &;twGuf tcuftcJ&rdS nfr[kwaf y? od@k aomf tajctaewcsK@d jzifh tajz&SmwJt h aetxm;rsK;d udk a&mufatmifomG ;bd@k vdw k ,fv@kd awmh usaemf
Oyrmðyar;cGe;f xkwv f akd yonf? wd@k uajymvdu k w f mbJav?vd@k OD;cifarmifaqGuajymygw,f?
umuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyo f nf Edik if w H iG t f a&;ay:tajctae a=unmydik f tar&duefo¶H ;kH wm0efceH @J Edik if aH &;/ pD;yGm;a&;AsL¶dw k m0efcuH kd NLD
cGi&hf +dS y;D Ekid if u H pkd rD cH ef@cGt J yk cf sKyrf o _ nf 2008 tajccHOya'ESit hf nDjzpfonf[l ygwu D OD;cifarmifaqGtygt0if A[dt k vkyt f r_aqmif 3 OD;eJ@ a'guw f moef;
aomtcsuu f kd y,fzsuaf &;twGuf vkyaf qmif=urnfqv kd #if umuG,af &;OD; +ird ;f / OD;pdevf OS ;D / OD;tke;f óuif/ OD;[Hom/ a'guw f m0if;Ekid w
f @kd u vufcaH wG@qHk
pD;csKyu f cef@xm;aom ppfwyfu, kd pf m;vS,t f rwfrsm;onf jynfo@l rsuEf mS cJw
h mjzpfygw,f?

usyf 5000 wef*,ufa=umifh &efukefpD;yGm;a&; uarmufurjzpf
NEJ / pufwifbm 25 ? ? etz tpd k ; &u usyf 5000 wef aiG aejzifh jzwfxm;onfah ps;EH;_ twdik ;f vufc&H rnfjzpfonft h wGuf epfem=u
puULtopfxw k af 0rnfqo kd nfh owif;a=umifh pD;yGm;a&;aps;uGut f wGi;f aomfvnf; aemufxyfta&mif;r&Sb d J &yfqikd ;f xm;=ua=umif; od&ygw,f?
uarmufurjzpfuek +f y;D a¶$aps;uGuv f nf; aps;yifrzGiEhf ikd af wmha=umif; a¶$ tckvkd usyf 5000 weftopf xkwaf 0wJu h pd EP iS yhf wfoufI &efuek f
ukeo f nfwOD;u ajymygw,f? rSp;D yGm;a&;ynm&Siw f OD;uusaemfoo d avmuf 5000 wefawGu ¶du k f
'Dae@a¶$uek o f nfrsm;toif; tr_aqmifawGtm;vH;k a¶$bo kH mvrf; xm;+y;D wm=umvS+y?D tcGeOf ;D pD;Xmeurdwaf qGawGuvnf; ajymjy=uw,f?
u olw@kd ¶H;k cef;rSma&mufae=uw,f? 'Dae@b,faps;ayguaf evJ aps;rzGiahf y;&J 'gayr,fh vGecf w hJ EhJ pS af wGwek ;f u owif;pm&Si;f vif;yGaJ wGrmS ar;wdik ;f tpd;k &
ao;bl;? aps;udyk rkH eS t f wdik ;f zGiahf y;vdu k &f if tm%mydik af wG&ef&mS rSmpd;k vd@k ujiif;cJw h ,f? olw@kd 'Dvakd iGpuULt}u;D xkwv f u kd &f if e*du k wnf;urStajc
b,forl rS vky&f b J ;l ? a¶$aps;[m rae@uaps;ydwcf sed f tu,f'rDacguaf ¶$ taeraumif;wJah ps;uGuu f kd rxde;f Edik b f J uarmufurjzpfomG ;rSmudk pd;k &drf
wusyo f m; usyf 576000 ywf0ef;usi&f w dS ,f? yH&k w,f? ckawmh twdik ;f twmwcktxd aiGwefb;kd udo k w l @kd xde;f Edik v
f @kd xkwf
n 8 em&Dowif;rSm usyf 5000 wefxw k rf ,fq+kd y;D vnf; a=unm wmjzpfr,f? vd@k ajymygw,f?
vdu k af &m wusyo f m; usyf 6 ode;f pjzpfw,f? 'Dae@qdik zf iG chf sed 0f ,faps;[m oluyifqufvufI vuf&jdS refrmjynf.wefb;kd t}u;D qH;k aiGpuUL
590000 zGix hf m;ay;w,f? 'gayr,fh a&mif;aps;udak wmh 6 ode;f txufrmS 1 axmifwefonf 1 a':vmr#yifwefb;kd r&So d nft h jyif xdik ;f bwf 50 wef
xm;w,f? a&mif;aps; 0,faps;trsm;}u;D [aew,f? óuufa&mif; óuuf0,f xufvnf; edrahf ea=umif;/ xd@k tjyif b%fpepfu ysuaf eonft h jyif b%f
bJ? ta&mif;t0,fu &Sad wmh&w dS ,f/ enf;w,f/ trSew f u,f a':vmayguf uwfrsm;oH;k jcif;uvnf; vH;k 0r&So d nft h wGuf aiGay;aiG,u l pd rP sm;wGif aiG
aps;ay:rSmcsed +f y;D awmh ta&mif;t0,fvyk af e=uwm?vd@k ajymygw,f? puULtrsm;}u;D oH;k ae&onft h wGuf xkwo f ifah =umif; ajymqdyk gw,f?
tvm;wl a':vmaps;uGurf mS vnf; =uoyaw;ae@nae a':vm 'gayr,fh wwdik ;f jynfv;kH u omrefjynfoal wGtwGuf wu,fvkd
ayguaf ps; wa':vm 1078 usy&f adS e&mrS ,ae@ayguaf ps; 1140 cef@txd tyfaewJh 20/ 50/ 100 wefawGukd yd+k y;D xkwo f ifw h ,f? tJ'aD iGpuULawGr&Sd
wufvm+y;D a&mif;aps;ESi0hf ,faps;udrk l wa':vm 15 usycf ef@ cGmxm;a=umif; vd@k atmufajcjynfol oef;aygi;f rsm;pGm tcuftcJawGñuaH e&w,f? ukeaf ps;
od&ygw,f? csucf si;f qdo k vdk aps;wufwm/ ta&mif;t0,fuvwfw EH;_ awGvnf; jrifw h ufaew,f?vd@k tqdyk gp;D yGm;a&;ynm&Siu f ajymygw,f?
avmawmh &yfomG ;w,f? aps;bJ&w dS m? apmif=h unfah e=uwJo h abmayg?h aps; jynfwiG ;f rSm trefwu,fvt kd yfaewJh usyf 20/ 50/ 100 wefaiGpuULrsm;udk
wufomG ;wJt h wGuf a&mif;r,fo h al wGawmhvmw,f? 0,fvufutm;enf; xkwaf 0ay;jcif;r&Sb d J tckvw kd efb;kd }u;D aiGpuUL¶du k x f w k af y;jcif;udk &efuek f
oGm;w,f?vd@k AE<Kvyef;jcv H rf;rS ta&mif;t0,fypJG m;rsm;u ajymygw,f? ®rr S omrefjynfot l rsm;pku óuufEpS o f ufjcif;r&S=d ua=umif; pHpk rf;od&&dS yg
a':vmaps;/ a¶$aps;rsm;ud=k unfyh gu w&uftwGi;f 5 rS 6 &mcdik Ef ;_H w,f?
ckew f ufvma=umif; aps;uGut f wGi;f pHpk rf;od&&dS ygw,f? tvm;wl Edik if jH cm; bmtwGub f jJ zpfjzpf usyf 5000 wefxw k wf t hJ wGuf aemufquf
rS jrefrmEdik if tH wGi;f [Ge'f D aiGvv J$ yk if ef;rSmvnf; jrefrmaiGaps; 6 &mcdik Ef ;_H wGjJ zpfvmr,fjh y\emawGuawmh trsm;}u;D 0ifvmrSmbJ? avmavmq,f
cef@ usqif;oGm;wJt h wGuf aiGvo J$ El iS hf jynfwiG ;f rSaiGvufco H rl sm; epfemae awmh aps;EH;_ awGwufw,f/ 'g yxrqH;k jynfoal wGñu&H wmbJ?vd@k &efuek f
a=umif;od&ygw,f? tdrjf caH jraps;uGuw f iG rf l p&HaiGvufcx H m;+y;D olrsm;t ®rc wH OD;uajymygw,f?
OD;oka0ESifh OD;0if;Edkifwdk@. EdkifiHa&;a[majymyGJ *sme,fawGrSm azmfjycGifhr&

DVB / pufwifbm 23 ? ? 14 &ufae@u &efuek òf rv ,frmS ðyvkyw f hJ OD;ok wu,fuawmh 'Dowif;udk az: jycGirhf ay;wJt h jyif tJ'aD [majym
a0eJ@ OD;0if;Ekid w f @dk &J@ Ekid if aH &;a[majymyJu G kd tckcsed x
f d *sme,fawGrmS azmfjy yJv
G yk w f o hJ el @J OD;0if;Ekid w f @dk ukd vl 5 a,mufxufyrkd pkz@dk etzu owday;xm;
cGirhf ðyao;bl;vk@d od&ygw,f? +y;D jzpfwt hJ wGuf 'Dae@Ekid if aH &;tajcaeu odyrf vG,af o;bl;vk@d OD;oka0u
tJ'aD e@u pme,fZif;orm; 60 cef@wufa&muf owif;,lcahJ yr,fh ajymygw,f? b,fvydk jJ zpfjzpf vkypf &m&Sw d mudk &wJeh nf;eJ@vky&f rSmjzpfwhJ
tckxad zmfjycGirhf &ao;bl;vk@d *sme,form;wcsK@d u ajymygw,f? tJ'ge@J twGuf jrefrmhenf; jrefrmh[ef bke;f }u;D qGr;f au|;/ tdro f pfwufyGJ pojzifh
ywfouf+y;D um,uH&iS f OD;oka0u 'Dowif;[kwrf eS af =umif;/ *sme,fwm ta=umif;jy vlpak qG;aEG;wJeh nf;eJ@vkyaf ew,fv@kd OD;oka0u ajymygw,f?
0efcw H csK@d u olu tckcsed [ f m Ekid if aH &;ta=umif;ajymzk@d oifah wmfwt hJ csed f 1 v 2 vavmuf&+dS yaD v/ vkyv f @kd &wJeh nf;av;eJ@vkyw f mayg?h
ra&mufao;wJt h wGuf acwWmqkid ;f iHxm;wmomjzpf+y;D oifah wmfwt hJ csed f usaemfw@kd ygwzD @JG wke;f uqd&k if usaemf&h @J r*Fvmaqmif tESpf 40 ajrmufae@
rSm Ekid if aH &;ta=umif; vGwv f yfpmG xnfch iG ahf y;&if 'Dowif;udk azmfjycGi&hf qd+k y;D vkyw f ,f/ wcgwav qGr;f au|;qd+k y;D vlpw k ,f/ òre ,fwikd ;f usaemfw@kd
r,fv@dk od&w,fq+dk y;D 'Dru dk &ufwpfygwD OuUÏOD;oka0u ajymwmyg? tJv h ykd qJ if;w,f/ qGr;f au|;zdww f ,fAs/ arG;ae@zdww f ,fAs/ tJ'h rD mS yJ uk, d hf
rD', D mawGu usaemfu h kd jyefajymwm ydwx f m;w,fajymw,f? vle@J ud, k f ajym=uqd=k uvdu k w f mayg?h tJ'h v
D rkd vkyb f J usaemfw@kd u 'Dtwdik ;f
'gayr,fh r=umaomumvrSm xnfch iG ahf y;r,f/ wòyifeufwnf; vky=f uygayg?h ikww f w k x f ikd af e&if trsm;}u;D aemufusomG ;+y?D
r=umaom umvqdw k m b,fawmhvrJ odb;l ? olw@kd vnf; a&G;aumufyJG Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;awG v$waf y;aewmeJ@ywfouf+y;D rsm;rsm;zrf;
vkyrf ,fajymw,f a&G;aumufyeJG @J ywfoufv@kd ajymwm/ qdw k mawG olw@kd jy;D enf;enf;csi;f pDvw G af y;aevk@d odyrf xl;Ekid af =umif;/ ta&;}u;D yk*Kd~ vaf wG
óuufwm/ róuufwm&Srd mS ayg?h od@k aomf xnfch iG ahf wmh ay;zd@k aumif;wmayg?h tygt0if tpkvu dk v f w G af y;+y;D wbufrmS vnf; tzrf;tqD;awG&yfxm;
a&G;aumufyJG Oya'urxGu/f a&G;aumufyJG b,fawmhvyk rf eS ;f rod/ a&G; zk@d vkrd ,f/ Ekid if aH &;ygwaD wGuv kd nf; vGwv f yfpmG v_y&f mS ;cGiahf y;zk@d vdrk ,f/
aumufyv JG nf; jzpft;kH rSmvm;rod? 'gayr,fh 'guawmh ud, k [
hf mud, k f tJ'v D rdk sK;d jrif&rS tajcaeawG wk;d wufvmr,fv h uQ%mvk@d ajymEkid v f rd v
hf @dk
jyifqifwmayg?h OD;oka0u ajymygw,f?

1234
1234
2009
pufwifbm 17 / Mizzima ? ? ucsijf ynfe,fw;dk wufa&;ygwD KSPP ESifh rGejf ynfopfygww D @kd tm; Ekid if aH &;ygwzD @JG r_twGuf UDAO rS óuqkjd y;D rdrw d @kd ESiafh ygi;f &ef
zdwaf c:.?
pufwifbm 18 / DVB ? ? touf 18 ESprf jynhb f J ppfom;tjzpftpkaqmif;cH&ol armifatmif®z;tm; tm%mykid rf sm;rS rtlyifb0opf &Jbufpcef; 3 wGif t
vky=f urf;ckid ;f apcsKyaf ESmifxm;a=umif;?
pufwifbm 19 / DVB ? ? vGwv f maomEkid if aH &;tusO;f om;tcsKd h aESmifóu;xm;onfh 401 yk'rf ukd vufrw S x f ;dk cJ&h I rauseyf=ua=umif;?
pufwifbm 21 / DVB ? ? uk;d uef@tm; 0ifa&mufwu dk cf u dk rf t _ wGuf etz tm; wkid ;f &if;om;tzG@J rsm;rS yxrOD;qH;k t}urd f 0kid ;f 0ef;uef@uGu. f ?
pufwifbm 21 / DVB ? ? Ekid if aH &; ta&;}u;D aecsed f tzG@J ESiafh ':atmifqef;pk=unf/ OD;wifO;D wk@d ESiafh wG ch iG &fh &ef tJet f v J 'f rD aS wmif;qk. d ?
spufwifbm 21 / DVB ? ? aemufq;kH owif;rsm;t& vGw+f ird ;f csr;f omcGijfh zihv f w G v f mol 7000 teuf Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om; 119 OD;yga=umif; tzGJ ch sKyrf q S .dk ?
pufwifbm 21 / DVB ? ? u&mtkad uESifh tESyd cf ef;jy\emrsm;jzihf &efuek w f idk ;f ®re ,f&rJ ; tcsKd @tzrf;tqD;cHc&hJ a=umif;?
pufwifbm 22 / PS ? ? vGw+f ird ;f csr;f omcGio hf nf ,cktywf ukvor*~taxGaxGnv D mcHtóuESifh 2010 a¶G;aumufyt JG &Sed jf ri &hf ef etz . vky¶f ;dk vkypf Of u
vdeu f uspyf &d,m,f[k 'Dru dk a&pDEiS v fh @l tcGit fh a&;tzG@J rsm;rSa0zef.? vufwqkwpf mEkid if aH &;tusO;f usorl sm;ukd v$waf y;cJah omfvnf; usef Ekid if aH &;
tusO;f om;rsm; tzrf;cHae&ao;a=umif; Human Rights Watch rS jrefrmhta&;okawoD David S Mathieson rSq. dk ? etz .[efjyomjzpfa=umif;
atatyDyrD S OD;bk=d unfrq S . dk ?
pufwifbm 23 / NY ? ? tar&duefEiS Ofh a&myonf etztay: ydwq f @dk r_tjyif aqG;aEG;a&;rludk oH;k vmonf[k xkid ;f 0ef}u;D csKyf Abhisit Vejjajiva rSq. dk ?
pufwifbm 23 / WP ? ? etz Ekid if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D Akv d cf sKy^f m%f0if;onf wdww f qdwf 0g&iS w f efjrefrmoH¶;kH ok@d vmcGi&fh cJ+h y;D Jim Webb ESifh 2 &ufwmaqG;aEG;cJ. h ?
ol@tm; tar&duefjynf0ifciG Afh ZD may;jcif;onf tar&duef.jrefrmtay:oabmxm; aysmah jymif;vmjcif;ukjd y.?
pufwifbm 23 / WP ? ? Akv d cf sKyof ed ;f pdeo f nf ukvtaxGaxGnv D mcHwufrnf/ tar&duef. ta&S@tm&SEiS yfh pPzd w d w f m0efcH Kurt Campbell ESiafh wG@qHzk , G &f . dS ?
pufwifbm 23 / Irrawaddy ? ? &ckid v f il ,f 16 OD;onf &efuek Ef iS pfh pfawGw@kd wGif tzrf;cHc&hJ onf[k Narinjara owif;rSqadk =umif;?
pufwifbm 23 / Mizzima ? ? jrefrmtay: tar&duefEidk if jH cm;a&;0g' xdawG@r_EiS x fh ad &mufrt _ rnfjzihf =um;emr_u pufwifbmukef atmufwb dk mvqef;wGif
Jim Webb rS OD;pD;rnf? olonf txufvw $ af wmf tm&SypPzd w d af 'o Ekid if jH cm;qHa&;qyfaumfrwD. OuUXvnf;jzpf.?
pufwifbm 23 / Mizzima ? ? wkid ;f &if;om;tzG@J rsm;ygonfh Union Democratic Alliance Organization rS OD;a¶$tek ;f onf wkid ;f &if;om;tzG@J aygi;f pHt k m;
jrefrmh'rD u dk a&pDa&;twGuf rdrw d @dk tzG@J ESiv fh ufw&JG ef zdwaf c:vkad =umif;? rdrw d @dk ygwo D nf Ekid &f ef rar#mv f ih/f 25&mE_e;f &Sv d #if xda&mufaom twku d tf cH
jzpfvmrnf[q k .dk ?
pufwifbm23 / BKK,Mizzima ? ? y&d,m,fjynhf vGw+f ird ;f csr;f omcGijhf zihv f l 7000 v$wjf cif;onf a¶G;aumufyrJG wkid rf D zrf;rnfh ausmif;om;ESiEfh idk ahf &;tusO;f om;
topfrsm;xm;&ef axmifcgjcif;/ etz .wcsucf w k 2f csujf ywf Om%feOD m%feuf[x k ifa=umif; jrefrmhta&;u|r;f usio f l Bertil Lintner rS befaumuf
Human Rights Watch rS a&$0ga&mifawmifve S af &;ESihf aemufqufwaJG cgi;f pOf owif;&Si;f yGw J iG q f . dk ?
pufwifbm 24 / NY ? ? &[ef;rsm;.awmfveS af &;/ Ak'b < momESifh qENjyoydwaf rSmufjcif;acgi;f pOfjzihf a&$0ga&mifawmfveS af &; 2 ESpjf ynfah e@ESifh a&S@tywf
ukvt axGaxGnv D mcHEiS fh csed u f u dk I f EsL;a,muf&dS Human Rights Watch rSxw k jf yef.?
pufwifbm 24 / AP ? ? jrefrmarG; tar&duefEidk if o H m; ausmaf ZmvGit f m; jrefrmwGif tHºk ur_v@H_ aqmfrj_ zihf pufwifbm 3 r*Fvm'Hak vqdyt f a&muf zrf;cJah =umif;?
um,uH&iS rf S [kwrf eS af =umif;0efcaH =umif; jrefrm¶kyjf rifowif;rSq. dk ? ol.tr (nDr) onf axmif'%f 65 ESpu f s Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;wOD;jzpf.?
pufwifbm-24 / RGN ? ? ukvor*~o@kd 14 ESpt f wGi;f yxrt}urd w f ufa&mufciG &fh um Akv d cf sKyo f ed ;f pdeo f nf 27 ae@wGif &efuek rf S xGucf mG rnf?
pufwifbm 24 / RGN-AFP ? ? vGw+f ird ;f csr;f omcGijhf zihf vGwv f molrsm;wGif Edik if aH &;tusO;f om; 100 ausmyf gvmjcif;ukd tJet f , J 'f rD óS uqkad =umif;?
pufwifbm 24 / DVB ? ? r*Fvm'Hak vqdyw f iG t f zrf;cH&ol ukn d n D aD tmiftm; azmufcaJG &;pDpOfo/l jrefrmEkid if aH &;v_y&f mS ;olrsm;tm; aiGa=u;axmufyo hH /l
qlyv l @H_ aqmfr_ yk'rf rsm;ESit fh a&;,lrnf[k jrefrmhtoHrq S . kd ? ol.ta':onf/ oH¶;kH 0efxrf;rsm;onf olEiS afh wG ch iG &fh &ef óu;yrf;aea=umif;?
pufwifbm 24/ DVB ? ? 2007 wGif vlru dk t f yk pf rk S rdrt d m;xk;d ¶ku d f acgi;f tkyI f um;jzihaf c:aqmif vufjyefóu;wkw0f idk ;f uef tarSmifcef;xJxm;cJah =umif; vGwf
+ird ;f csr;f omcGijfh zihvf w G v f mol rsK;d qufausmif;om; ukrd sK;d &efaemifoed ;f rS 'DAb DG t D ifwmjAL;wGif ajz=um;.?
pufwifbm 24 / DVB ? ? v,f,mtodr;f cHv,form;rsm;udpu P dk tkid t f v J t f o dk @kd ulnw D idk w f ef;ay;ol tJet f v J 'f rD S 'kOuUXOD;at;jriht f m; ,ae@axmif2
ESpcf sc. hJ ?
pufwifbm 25 / VOA ? ? jrefrmtay: ydwq f @kd r_rsm; ¶kwo f rd ;f a&;wGif a':atmifqef;pk=unfonf ppftpd;k &ESi! fh Ed id_ ;f aqmif¶u G v f I kd pDpOfay;&ef arwWm&yfcpH mudk
Adv
k cf sKyrf ; }u;D oef;a¶$xyH @kd &ef a':atmifqef;pk=unfrS vufrw S af &;xd;k xm;a=umif; OD;^m%f0if;rSq. dk ?
pufwifbm 25 / DVB ? ? jrif;jcw H iG f a'guw f m0if;olEiS afh ':pkvw G af &; v_y&f mS ;bl;ol touf20 ausmf 4 OD;tygt0if vli,frsm;qufwu dk f tzrf;cHae&.?
pufwifbm 25 / DVB ? ? &Sr;f tJet f vJ 'f rD S pyfO;D =um 80 vGwv f monfrv S I JG cGex f eG ;f OD;ESi&fh rS ;f Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;rsm; rvGwaf o;a=umif;?
pmrsufESm 18 okd h
ppfwyfu aoewfypfavhusifh&if; t&yfom;wOD;xdrSef '%f&m&Sd
DVB / pufwifbm 21 ? ? yJc;l wkid ;f taemufjcrf; om,m0wDtajcpku d f zm;a&$ausmaf us;&Gmu tbOD;cifarmifjrif&h @J orD;rwifaeZmvif; 24 ESp&f @J
ajcvsiw f yf&if; cv& 35 u aoewfypf avhusiahf &;oifwef;rSm &Gmom; nmbufajcaxmufukd usnq f xH rd eS +fy;D azmufxu G of mG ;w,fv@kd ajymw,f?
wOD; aoewfxrd eS +f y;D twGi;f vlemtjzpf aq;ukor_ cH,al e&ygw,f? wyf&if;t&m&Sad wGu aoewfreS w f uhJ pd P tr_rjzpfatmif zm;a&$
om,m0wDòrt a&S@bufjcrf;u uGi;f wckrmS wyf&if; 35 vuf ausm&f mG ol}u;D eJ@ yl;aygi;f ajz&Si;f vku d w f ,fv@dk tJ'aD 'ocHuyJ ajymygw,f?
atmufcH wyf wyfpw k pku +y;D cJw
h hJ 18 &ufae@u wyfpw k pku aoewfypf wyfr; tygt0if wyfu t&m&Sad wGa&mufvm+y;D awmh tJ'u D
avhusi&hf mrSm v,fxt J vkyv f yk af ewJh &GmolwOD;ukd aoewfxrd eS f '%f av;rudk usrud, k w f ikd u
f rSm;oGm;ygw,fqw kd hJ cH0efcsurf sK;d vufrw S xf ;kd
&m&&Scd whJ myg? tif;a*gu&f mG &J@ tif;eJ@q&mpH abmvk;H uGi;f =um; aoewf cdik ;f oGm;w,fv@kd ajymw,f? 'Dae@ 11 em&D rwfwif;rSm usaemfu, kd wf ikd f
ypfavhusiw hf ahJ e&mrSm xdreS cf w
hJ mjzpf+y;D 'Dta=umif;udk wyf&if; 35 u t&m jynfol@aq;±Hka&mufoGm;awmh wyf&if;r;um;&,f/ AsL[mr;um;&,f
&Sw
d OD;u twnfðyajymqkyd gw,f? a&mufvm+y;D awmh t&mcHwa,mufu tjyifaps;qdik rf mS pmtdww f tdwf
usaemfw@kd pufypfuiG ;f 0ifwm trsm;}u;D yJ? tukev f ;kH ðyyH pfwm? 0,fw,f? 'Dpmtdwx f rJ mS yduk qf xH nf+h y;D uav;rav;udk ulnaD xmufyhH
b,fo@l usnq f efa=umifh xdw,fqw kd m rSe;f vd@k rS r&wm? avsmaf =u;udpeP @J r,fv@kd usaemfw@kd xifw,f? usaemfw@kd vnf; uav;reJ@ 0ifawG@zd@k óu;pm;ay
ywfouf+y;D usaemfw@kd bmrS rod&bl;? r,fh awG@cGirhf &cJbh ;l ?
'Dupd eP @J ywfoufv@dk wyfu wyfr; eJ@ txuft&m&Sad wGu +y;D jywf 'Dowif; raygu=f um;zk@d aq;±kt H wGi;f tjyife@J vlem teD;0ef;usif
atmif aqmif&u G af =umif; ajymqkad yr,fh tao;pdwu f &dk iS ;f jyzk@d olu jiif; rSm tm%mydik af wGu vkðH caH &;wif;usyx f m;ygw,f? rwifaeZmvif;[m
qkyd gw,f? 'Dupd u P kd avhvmxm;wJh òrc w H OD;uawmh xdreS o f [ l m touf om,m0wDjynfo@l aq;±krH mS twGi;f vlemtjzpf wufa&mufae+y;D 'DaermS
24 ESpt f &G,f zm;a&$ausm&f mG ol rwifaeZmvif;vk@d ajymygw,f? '%f&moufomvm+yv D @kd aq;±keH @J eD;pyfwt hJ okid ;f 0kid ;f u ajymygw,f/ rwif
rGe;f vGJ 2 em&D anmif 3 yifqw kd hJ pcef;teD;rSm aygi;f &Si;f aewhJ aeZmvif; aoewfxdwJhudpPudk tr_rvkyfwmeJ@ywfoufvdk@ &Jpcef;u
odvsuef @J tr_rzGiw hf mqd+k y;D t&yfxrJ mS a0zefae=uygw,f? 'Da0zefcsuef @J
ywfouf+y;D om,m0wD&pJ cef; wm0efus&w J OD;u 'Dupd u P kd roda=umif;
tzGJ@csKyf pDtD;pDawG@cGif&&ef wifjy ajzqdyk gw,f? 'Daoewfxrd eS rf a_ emufyikd ;f zm;a&$ausm&f mG tkypf k q,fpcef;
aus;&GmeJ@ 5 rkid yf wf0ef;usirf mS roGm;vm=uzk@d wyf&if; 35 u trde@f
DVB / pufwifbm 21 ? ? Edik if t
H usO;f om; v$waf y;pm&if; 119 OD;xJ xkwx f m;ygw,f?
rygao;wJh tzG@J csKy'f Ok uUÏ OD;wifO;D / taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;r; a':atmifqef;
pk=unfe@J ygwD A[kd tvkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J ukd awG@cGiahf y;zk@d teft,fv'f u D
etzOuUÏudk pma&;awmif;qkv d u dk yf gw,f?
vwfwavm jzpfay:ajymif;vJaewJh Ekid if aH &;tajcaet& ygw&D @J rl0g
EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; 119 OD; yg0if
'/ a&Sv yk if ef;pOfawGukd ygwAD [dak cgi;f aqmifawGtm;vk;H rsuEf mS pkn H aD wG DVB / pufwifbm 21 ? ? aom=umae@rSm ppftyk pf u k a=unmvku d w f hJ
qkaH qG;aEG;zd@k vkad ewJt h wGuf awmif;qk&d wmjzpfw,fv@dk OD;^m%f0if;u v$wfay;tusOf;om; 7000 ausmfxJrSm EkdifiHa&;tusOf;om; 119 OD;
ajymygw,f? 'Dv 16 &uf ae@rSm pma&;wifjyxm;wmjzpfayr,fh etz yg0ifw,fv@dk trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzJ@G csKyu
f 'Dae@ajymygw,f?
bufu tckcsed t f xd bmrSta=umif;jyef=um;jcif; r&Sad o;bl;vk@d OD;^m%f aom=umae@uae we*FaEGae@txd 3 &uftwGi;f pkaqmif;&or#
0if;u ajymygw,f? pm&if;omjzpf+y;D pm&if;r&ao;ol aemufxyfvw G v
f molawG &SEd idk w f ,fv@dk
Edik if aH &;t& ta&;}u;D wJt h csed f jzpfwt hJ wGuf tem*wf trsK;d om; ygwD jyef=um;a&;tzG@J 0if OD;^m%f0if;u ajymygw,f? 'gayr,fh 'Dae@jyef
'Drukd a&pDtzG@J csKy&f @J rl0g'vrf;pOfawGcsrw S Ef ikd zf @dk awG@qHck iG ahf y;zd@k ta=umif; vGwv f molwOD;rS r=um;&ao;bl;vk@d OD;^m%f0if;u ajymygw,f?
jycsuef @J 16 &ufae@ &ufpeJG @J pmyd@k cJyh gw,f? 'gukd jyef=um;a&;u owif; usaemfw@kd wwfEikd o f r# óu;pm;ðypkxm;wJh pm&if;t&Edik if aH &;
xkwjf yefxm;ygw,f? Edik if aH &;tajctae/ ygwt D ajctaeay:rSm rlwnf+y;D tusO;f om; tckcsed t f xd 119 OD; &Sw d t
hJ euf 39 OD;u teft,fv'f D tzG@J 0if
pDtD;pD tzGJ@u awmif;qdkwmyg? tm;vHk;tusKH;0ifrSmyg? pmxJrSm a&G; jzpfygw,f? ukvor*~u a':atmifqef;pk=unf tygt0if Edik if aH &;tusO;f
aumufyu JG pd u P kd vH;k 0ref;&Si;f vkyrf xm;ygb;l ? tckcsed t f xd ta=umif; jyef om; tm;vH;k v$waf y;zk@d vdt k yfw,fv@kd ajymxm;wmudk aqmif&u G af y;r,fh
csurf &ao;ygb;l ? oabmrsK;d tm%mydik af wGu jyefajymxm;w,fv@kd usaemfem;vnfw,f?
tus,cf sKyu f scaH e&wJh a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd ol&@J rdom;pkq&m tJv h rkd sK;d jzpfvmzd@k u t"du usygw,f? 100 ausm/f 200 ausmef @J bmrS
0ef a'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;eJ@ tzG@J csKyf rae@ ae@vnfyidk ;f rSm awG@cGi&hf w,fv@kd ta=umif;rxl;ygb;l ?
OD;^m%f0if;u ajymygw,f? v$waf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f 3 OD;/ teft,fv'f D ygw0D if 39 OD;tjyif
rae@u a'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;eJ@ tzG@J u a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd usew f vhJ al wGu wkid ;f &if;om;ygwaD wGu vli,fwcsK@d / ausmif;om; wcsK@d /
aq;ppfciG &hf ygw,f? 5 em&DcrJG mS usaemfe@J a'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;awG@awmh oHCmawmfwcsK@d / owif;orm; 4 OD;/ vl@tcGiahf &;tzG@J u 10 OD;eJ@t&yf
a':atmifqef;pk=unf&@J use;f rma&;tajctaeaumif;ygw,f? 'gayr,fh om;awGjzpfr,fv@dk ,lq&ygw,f? 'g[m t&ifvw $ af y;wke;f ueJ@ pm&if
aoG;aygicf sed f enf;enf;usaew,fv@kd ajymygw,f? Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;wk;d vmw,fv@dk qkEd idk af =umif;/ 'gayr,fh ta&;}u;D Ekid if H
'g[m arv 14 &ufae@ a':atmifqef;pk=unfukd pwifzrf;qD;+y;D a&;tusO;f om;awGjzpfwhJ a':atmifqef;pk=unf/ OD;cGex f eG ;f OD;/ ukrd if;udEk idk /f
tif;pdeaf xmifukd ac:oGm;wJah e@uwnf;u yxrqk;H t}urd f rdom;pkq&m t&Sif*rBD&wkd@ rygao;wJhtwGuf EkdifiHa&;wkd;wufr_&wJhtxdjzpfvmzkd@
0efa'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;eJ@ jyefawG@cGihf &wmjzpfygw,f? rvG,af o;bl;vk@d OD;^m%f0if;u oH;k oyfygw,f?

ooww if if; ;wdwdk xG
k xGm mzzwfwfpp&&m muu
tar&duef&yfwnfcsufa':pkaxmufcH
tar&duefEikd if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D [Dvm&Duvifwefu jrefrmppftm
%mydik af wGe@J wdu
k ¶f u
kd qf ufqrH a_ wGvyk rf ,f/ jypf'%fcwfta&;,lra_ wGukd
LLZN
t"dutm;ðyr,fv@kd qdw k t hJ enf;i,fajymif;vJvmwJ&h yfwnfcsuu f kd a':pk

uaxmufcw H ,fv@kd ajymwJt h a=umif; tJet f vJ 'f t
D zG@J &J@ajymcGi&hf yk*Kd~ vf
OD;^m%f0if;u qdyk gw,f? (REUTERS, 25.9.2009)
vli,frsm; a':pkESifhawG@&efawmif;qkd e,fpyfrwnf+idrfr_ w¶kwfjypfwif

ygwaD cgi;f aqmifa':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS hf awG@qkEH idk af &; pDpOfay;&ef etzeJ@ ud;k uef@wyfz@JG awGt=um; wdu k yf aJG wGjzpfymG ;vd@k w¶kw-f jref
trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyfvli,fukd,fpm;vS,frsm;u A[kdtvkyftr_ rme,fpyfa'orSm rwnfr+ird jf zpf+y;D 'kuoQ nfawG w¶kwef ,fxx J u
G af jy;0if
aqmiftzG@J tm;awmif;qkv d u
dk yf gw,f? tzG@J csKyv
f il ,fu, dk pf m;vS,f 60 a&mufvmvd@k w¶kwt f pd;k &[m etzppfAv kd cf sKyaf wGtay: rausreyfjzpfcyhJ g
cef@wufa&muf+y;D tcuftcJrsK;d pk=H um;uae awG@qkaH qG;aEG;=uum tckvdk w,f? jrefrmhjynfwiG ;f a&;w¶kwef ,fxu J ;l vmvd@k yJjzpfygw,f? w¶kwv f rl sK;d
ygwaD cgi;f aqmifa':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS hf awG@qkv H adk =umif; qk;H jzwfcwhJ m awGtay: etz&J@qufqyH akH wGe@J ywfouf+y;D w¶kwEf ikd if jH cm;a&;Xmeu
jzpfw,fv@dk qkyd gw,f?(MIZZIMA, 25.9.2009) etzoHwrefawGuakd c:+y;D owday;cJyh gw,f? (REUTERS, 25.9.2009)
xdkif;trJqD jrefrmjynfydk@rnf 5000 wef

jrefrmEdik if u
H "mwfaiG@awG0,faewJh xdik ;f Edik if u
H PTT u xdik ;f etzu usyf 5000 wefaiGpuULopfukd atmufwb kd m 1 &ufae@
Edik if v
H yk f trJquD kd jrefrmjynfukd wify@kd r,fv@kd od&ygw,f? wESpuf kd trJqD up+y;D xkwaf 0r,fv@kd ajymygw,f? xH;k pHtwdik ;f bma=umifx h w k af 0&ovJqkd
vDwm 5 oef;eJ@ 5 ESpfwifydk@zdk@vsmxm;ygw,f? (THE NATION, wmudak wmh rajymygb;l ? 'gayrJvh nf; vuf&t dS jrifq
h ;kH aiGpuUL usyf 1000
25.9.2009) wefxuf ude;f *%ef;ydrk sm;wJah iGpuULxkww f t hJ wGuf aiGwefz;kd usqif;rSm
uawmh aocsmygw,f? (CNN, 24.9.2009)
wpnu a&G;aumufyGJ0ifr,fwJh
rqvwjzpfvJ wpnygw[ D m ppftm%m&Siaf wG&@J 2010 a&G;
aumufyuJG kd 0ifr,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? wpnrsK;d qufopf 500 &Sad =umif;eJ@ *syefay:vpDajymif;oihf
rJqENe,f 300 rSm 0ifðyifr,fvdk@ OuUXOD;cifarmif}uD;u ajymygw,f? tajymif;tvJvyk &f r,fqw kd ahJ ºu;a=umfoeH @J tm%m&vmwJh 0ef
(MIZZIMA, 25.9.2009)
}u;D csKyo f pf ,kut d kd [mwd;k ,mr&J@tpd;k &taeeJ@ *syefuxm;&Sw d jhJ refrm
jynfqikd &f m ay:vpDukd ajymif;vJoifw h ,fv@kd vl@tcGit hf a&;v_y&f mS ;aewJt h
udk&D;,m;¶kyf&SifyGJawmf zG@J 2 zG@J u Wall Street Journal rSma&;om;vdu k yf gw,f? *syefu usio hf ;kH cJh
awmifu&kd ;D ,m;¶ky&f iS yf aJG wmfukd &efuek rf mS atmufwb kd m 16 &uf wJh a&wdpk ;D yGm;a&;tjrifu=kd unh+f y;D Edik if aH &;/ pD;yGm;a&;qufqrH u_ kd ajymif;vJ
uae 19 &ufae@txd usif;yr,fvdk@od&ygw,f? ESpfEdkifiH,Ofaus;r_z zd@k vdw
k ,fqw kd mudk a&;xm;ygw,f? (UPI, 24.9.2009)
vS,af &;tpDtpOft&vd@k qdw k hJ tJ'yD rJG mS ¶ky&f iS f 4 um;jyor,fv@kd qdyk gw,f?
ud&k ;D ,m;¶ky&f iS af wG/ wDAZGD mwfvrf;awG jrefrmjynfrmS t&rf;vlóuufrsm; AdkvfcsKyfr;}uD;xHay;pm
aeygw,f? (XINHUA, 24.9.2009)
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu taemufEikd if aH wG&@J jypf'%fcwfta&;,l
w¶kwfe,fcsJ@xm;wJh rkH;vm;®r r_awG ¶kyo f rd ;f vmapzd@k ppftpd;k &eJ@yl;aygi;f aqmif¶u
G rf a_ wGukd olrtaeeJ@
vkyaf qmifEikd yf gw,fv@kd tar&duefu ppftyk pf ek @J wdu k ¶f ukd q f ufqrH ,fqkd
&Sr;f jynfajrmufyidk ;f rk;H vm;®ra ew¶kwrf sm;onf w¶kwaf iGo;Hk / w¶kwf wJo h abmxm;xGuaf y:vm+y;D wJah emuf tckvpkd ma&;wmjzpfygw,f? b,f
pum;ajym/ w¶kw"f avhtwkid ;f aexkid =f uonf/ tdref mrnf/ vrf;emrnf/ Edik if aH wGu jypf'%fcwfovJ/ b,fvt kd usK;d oufa&mufr&_ o dS vJ/ bma=umihf
qkid ef mrnfawGvnf; w¶kwpf mjzifah &;onf? 'ga=umifh jrefrmhe,fajrukd w jypf'%fcwf&ovJqdkwmawGudk aqG;aEG;r,fvdk@vnf; a&;xm;ygw,f?
¶kwu f e,fcs@J xm;+yaD vm? (Washington Post, 25.9.2009) (EARTH TIMES, 25.9.2009)

t"rRckdif;vkd@ ppfom;rvkyfcsifwJh uav;awGukd ppfwyfrS jypf'%fay;
DVB / pufwifbm 22 ? ? yJc;l wkid ;f taemufjcrf; rk;d !kòd re ,f unifacsmif vku d &f mS cJw h ,fv@dk a':!ku d ajymygw,f? om;u wyfxJ jyefroGm;csib f ;l
aus;&Gmu armifaZmfEidk 0f if;eJ@ armifoef;xGe;f OD;wd@k [m touf 18 ESpf r qdw k ma=umihf om;ppfwyfxJ rjyef&a&; trsK;d rsK;d óu;yrf;cJah yr,hf tqif
jynfah o;bJ uav;ppfom;tjzpf twif;t"rRpak qmif;cHvu kd &f ygw,f? rajycJb h ;l vd@k a':!ku d ajymygw,f?
olw@kd ESpaf ,muf jyefvnfvw G af jrmufa&; aqmifusO;f ay;zdk ol@ ppfwyf zdEydS cf sKycf s,w f 'hJ %furkd cHEidk v f @kd rjyefb;l ? usrom; aZmf
rdom;pku &efuek t f ajcpdu k f urBmt h vkyo f rm;a&;&mtzGJ csKyf qufqaH &; Edik 0f if;udk rzrf;cif wyf&if;u vdu k v f mao;w,f? wyfxu J kd jyefxnhzf @dk
±k;H udk pma&;om;wdik =f um;cJyh gw,f? ppfom;tjzpf pkaqmif;cH&pOfu touf t}urd }f urd af jymygao;w,f? usruvnf; uav;toufrjynfw h m&,f/ rd
16 ESp0f ef;usio f m&S=d uao;wJh armifaZmfEidk 0f if;eJ@ armifoef;xGe;f OD;wk@d boabmrwlwt hJ wGu&f ,f/ uav;awGu 8 wef; ratmifwt hJ wGuf
nDtuk0d rf;uG[ J m rdbawGe@J cG+J y;D tvkyk v f yk &f mtjyef blwm±krH mS ppfwyfxJ jiif;cJyh gw,f? aemuf e,fajrcH 'k&t J yk jf rifah Zmfe@J &,upma&;u usrwd@k udk
t"rRoyG o f iG ;f cHvu kd &f wmyg? &efuek w f idk ;f =unfjh rnfwidk òf re ,fu vufzuf 2 odef;awmif;w,f? usrwdk@ b,fvdkrSray;EdkifcJhygbl;? aemuf 2 v
&nfqikd rf mS oGm;tvkyv f yk w
f hJ olw@kd ESpOf ;D [m tqifrajyvd@k 2008 ZGev f u tvdak vmufrmS 'k&t J yk f jrifah Zmfu, kd wf ikd f 7 aomif;vmawmif;w,f? usr
&efuek u f ae rdbawGxH jyeftvm =unfjh rifwidk f blwmrSm ppfom;pkaqmif; ray;Ekid af wmh om;udk n 1 csuw f ;D rSm vmzrf;oGm;ygw,f?
cHvu dk &f wmvk@d armifaZmfEidk 0f if;&J@ tara':!du k ajymygw,f? armifaZmfEidk 0f if;[m e,fajrcHwyfudk zrf;yd@k cH&+y;D aemuf 15 csuf
zrf;+y;D ±du k yf w k af c:oGm;wJt h csed rf mS oHvsif 33 xJukd wyf=uyfp;kd Edik f t±ku d cf cH &hJ w,fv@dk vnf; ajymygw,f? ppfwyfxrJ aevd@k axmifcsr,fq&kd if
u vufrw S x f ;kd +y;D xnfah y;vdu k w f m? csygv@kd uav;uoabmwlcahJ yr,fh axmifrcsbJ wyfxu J ydk jJ yefoiG ;f cJh
olw@kd ESpOf ;D udk a&wyf yifrypPn;f xde;f odr;f a&;wyfukd oGi;f vdu k f w,fv@kd a':!ku d ajymygw,f? wljzpfol armifoef;xGe;f OD;ukad wmh jypf'%f
+y;D aemuf oifwef;qif;+y;D cGihf 10 &uf&vk@d 'DEpS f Zefe0g&v D ukef tdrjf yef 6 veJ@ a&$jynfompufrZ_ Hk avSmu f m;tusO;f axmifrmS csxm;w,fv@dk ajym
a&mufvmrS ppfwyfxaJ &mufreS ;f od&wmvk@d a':!ku d ajymygw,f? om; ygw,f? a':!ku d om;eJ@wl ppfwyfxt J oGi;f cH&wm rauseyfv@kd vrf;jy
eJ@wl aysmufuwnf;u qif;&Jayr,hf &Sw d mukd tukeaf &mif;+y;D ae&mtEH@S =u,ftzG@J u OD;at;jrifu h dk tultnDawmif;+yD &efuek t f ajcpku d f urBmt h
vkyo f rm;a&;&mtzGJ csKyf qufqaH &;±k;H ukd wkid =f um;cJyh gw,f? rae@u oGm;
ud;k uef@wu
dk rf _ jynforl sm;uef@uu
G f a&mufwikd =f um;ay;cJw h hJ vrf;jy=u,ftzG@J acgi;f aqmifO;D at;jrifu
Edik if rH mS uav;ppfom;pkaqmif;r_[m jynfwiG ;f vluek u
h jrefrm
f ;l r_jzpfwma=umihf
DVB / pufwifbm 21 ? ? ta&S@ajrmufa'ou uk;d uef@wkid ;f &if;om;awG wyfrawmfrmS wm0ef&w dS ,fvkd OD;at;jrihu f ajymygw,f?
jrefrmjynfrmS uav;ppfom;u ±d;k ±d;k uav;ppfom;awmifr[kwf
tay: t=urf;zufwu dk cf udk jf cif;eJ@ 2008 zG@J pnf;yku H dk twif;tusyt f aumif
awmhb;l ? usaemfw@kd qDrmS vluek u f ;l w,fqw kd m Edik if jH cm;udyk @kd rS vluek u f ;l
xnfazmfz@dk óu;pm;aejcif;udk tjyif;xefuef@uGuaf =umif; ausmif;om;eJ@
w,fv@kd owfrw S cf o hJ vdk tckusawmh 18 ESprf jynfw h hJ om;a,musmf ;av;
oHCmtzG@J awGu etzudk ajymqkv d u dk yf gw,f?
awG vluek u f ;l cHae&+y?D tem*wf&@J om;aumif;awGygqw kd ahJ qmify'k f b,f
'g[m uk;d uef@ jy\emtay: &efuek t f ajcpku d f t"duEdik if aH &;tif
a&mufaevJrodb;l ? 'Dawmh wyfrawmftaeeJ@ 'Duav;awGukd jyefvw $ f
tm;pkawGjzpfwJh 88 rsKd;qufausmif;om;rsm;/ Auo/ &[ef;ysKdor*~eJ@
ay;oif+h yv D @kd vrf;jy=u,ftzG@J u ,lqw,f?
oHCmhorR*w D @kd u yxrqk;H t}urd f w&m;0ifxu G af y:vmwJh uef@uGurf _ 'Dupd eP @J ywfouf+y;D oufqidk &f m ppfom;pkaqmif;a&;Xmeukd quf
jzpfygw,f? ud;k uef@tay: wku d cf u dk jf cif;[m ESpf 20 =um +ird ;f csr;f a&;udk oG,zf @dk tqifrajyovkd uav;ppfom;ESpOf ;D twGuf wkid =f um;pmeJ@ywf
zsuq f ;D &ma&mufwt hJ jyif 2008 zG@J pnf;yku H kd twif;tusyt f aumift ouf+y;D &efuek t f ajcpku d f urBmt h vkyo f rm;±k;H ukd t}urd }f urd q f ufo, G f
xnfazmfwhJ oabmrsK;d jzpfaew,f/ wkid ;f &if;om;awG&@J wef;wla&;awG yg ayr,hf wm0efcaH jzqkrd ,fo h l rtm;vyfb;l vd@k om ajymygw,f?
0ifatmif 2008 zG@J pnf;yku H kd jyefjyifa&;aqG;aEG;zk@d vkad ew,fv@dk tJ't D zG@J 4
ckuaxmufjyxm;ygw,f? wcsed w
vli,fawGukd Ekid if w H 0Sr;f rSm zrf;qD;r_awGuw
f nf;rSmyJ 2008 zG@J pnf;yku
kd ;dk +y;D vkyv f maew,f?
H ef@uGuw f hJ
wufºuv_yf&Sm;ol 4 OD; zrf;qD;cH&
'ga=umifh 2008 zG@J pnf;ykt H m; wzufowf taumifxnfazmfjcif; DVB / pufwifbm 22 ? ? rEav;wdik ;f jrif;+còH r tm%mykid af wGu òru
tm;&yfwef@yg/ a':atmifqef;pk=unf tygt0if wkid ;f &if;om;acgi;f aqmif wufºuv_y&f mS ;ol 4 OD;udk rae@reuf 2 em&DcaJG vmufrmS aetdraf wGrmS
awG/ ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifawG/ oHCmh acgi;f aqmifawG tygt0if Edik if H 0ifa&mufzrf;qD; ac:aqmifomG ;w,fv@kd òrc aH wGu ajymygw,f?
a&;tusO;f om;tm;vk;H udk v$waf y;yg/ tjrefq;Hk awG@qkH aqG;aEG;r_vyk yf g/ zrf;qD;cH&olawGu trSwf 6 &yfuGufu udkEdkifeJ@udkatmifwdk@
'Dvjdk zpfvmapzk@d twGuf ukvor*~vðHk caH &;aumifpeD @J Ekid if w H umtokid ;f jzpfw,fvkd od&+y;D usef 2 OD;trnfukd rod&ao;ygb;l ? olw@kd 4 OD;udk
0kid ;f u 0kid ;f 0ef;uln=D uzk@d ausmif;om;eJ@oHCm yl;wGaJ =unmmcsurf mS azmfjy tm%mydik af wGu {nhpf m&if;ppfr,fv@kd ta=umif;jy+y;D olw@kd tdraf wGuae
xm;ygw,f/ tJ'h aD wmwGi;f ud;k uef@XmecsKyf avmufuidk u f &wJh owif;w&yf ac:oGm;wm tcktxdb,frmS a&mufaerSe;f rodb;l vd@k rdom;pk0ifawGe@J eD;
t& zkeu f sm;&SiOf ;D aqmifwhJ tzG@J ukd ppfqifa&;vky&f mrSm tpd;k &bufu pyfoal wGu ajymygw,f?
xdcu dk uf sq;Hk r_rsm;+y;D zkeu f sm;&Siu f v kd nf; tckcsed x f d zrf;rodao;wJt h wGuf olwkd wawG[m touf 25 ESpf 0ef;usit f &G,f &S=d u+y;D &yf&mG u
a'ocH ppfAsK[mr;udk etzu zrf;qD;vku d af =umif; od&ygw,f? tcrJh ynma&;vkyif ef;vdk vlra_ &;vkyif ef;awGe@J a':atmifqef;pk=unfe@J
avmufuidk t f ajcpdu k f 'up ppfa'ouGyu f rJ _ XmecsKywf m0efcH Akv d f Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;vGwaf &; qkawmif;yGaJ wGrmS wufwufºuºuyg0ifvyk f
r;csKy0f if;armiftm; +y;D cJw h o hJ wif;ywftwGi;f uzrf;qD;+y;D olae&mudk ta&S aqmifoal wGjzpf+y;D b,fEikd if aH &;ygwrD S 0ifa&mufoal wG r[kwb f ;l vdk qykd g
ajrmufyikd ;f wdik ;f ppfXmecsKyf 'kwikd ;f r;Adv k rf ; csKyv f jS rifeh @J tpm;xd;k cef@tyfxm; w,f? olw@kd udk zrf;qD;r_ rwdik cf ifuvnf; jrif;+còH ru 'Dru
kd a&pDa&; wuf
w,fv@kd e,fpyfowif;&yfuu G af wGu ajymqdak e=uayr,fh etzbufu ºuol 5 OD;eJ@ oHCm 4 yg;udk zrf;qD;cJw h ma=umihf tckzrf;qD;r_[m q,f&uf
xkwaf zmfajymqkjd cif; r&Sad o;ygb;l ? twGi;f wwd,ajrmuf zrf;qD;r_jzpfygw,f?

tkdift,fvftkdxH ulnDwkdif=um;oludk axmif'%f 2 ESpf csrSwf
DVB / pufwifbm 24 ? ? rauG;wkid ;f atmifvòH re ,frmS tm%mykid af wG %mykid af wGu tr_vyk +f y;D 'Dtr_rmS awmtky}f u;D OD;bke;f atmiftpm; opf
v,f,modr;f r_rmS epfemqk;H ±_;H wJh v,frm;awGtwGuf tkid t f ,fvt f xkd H awmOD;pD;r;OD;atmifqef;eJ@ w&m;vkv d yk wf &m;pJw G mjzpfygw,f? OD;at;jrifh
ulnw D idk wf ef;ay;ol trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzJ@G csKyf 'kOuUÏ OD;at;jrifu h dk 'Dae@ ukd axmif'%fcsrw S cf sed rf mS tm%mykid af wGe@J v,form;awG jy\emjzpf
axmif 2 ESpcf svu dk yf gw,f? aewJh prf;uav;aus;&Gmu ajr,mykid q f idk rf e_ @J ywfouf+y;D &efuek f ILO ±k;H
OD;at;jrifu h kd 17 &ufae@u atmifvòH re ,fw&m;±k;H rSm ±k;H wifw cJu
G t&m&Sd pwdArf m&S,f &Gmukad &mufaecsed v f nf; jzpfygw,f? &Jpcef;rSm
&m;pJ+G y;D 30 &ufv@dk xyfcsed ;f ayr,fh rae@u uwku d u f ±kud af c: jy;D xyfrpH pf zrf;xm;wJh OD;^m%fjrifeh @J udo k &l atmifw@dk ukd pwDArf m&S,u f oGm;awG@zd@k
aq;cJw h myg? 'Dae@rSm xyfr±H ;Hk csed ;f ac:vku d +f y;D jynfo@l 0efxrf; +crd ;f ajcmufr_ óu;pm;ayr,hf {nfch sed rf [kwv f @kd &Jr; u awG@cGirhf ay;bl;vd@k tJ'D rdom;pk0if
yk'rf 189 eJ@ atmifvòH re ,f w&m;±k;H u 2 ESpf axmifcsvu dk yf gw,f? òre ,f uajymygw,f?
w&m;ol}u;D OD;0if;jrifeh @J Oya't&m&Sd OD;xGe;f jrifw h @kd u OD;at;jrifu h kd axmif cdik vf w
Hk hJ ta=umif;jycsurf &Sb d J ud^k m%fjrifw h @kd om;tzudk b,f
'%fcsrw S v f u kd +f y;D o&ufòr tusO;f axmifudk &Jtiftm; 6 a,mufe@J csuf ole@J rS awG@cGirhf ay;bl;? ud^k m%fjrifw h @kd om;tzudk ,luvpf ckww f ,fq+kd y;D
csi;f yk@d vkud w f ,fv@kd rdom;pk0ifwOD;u ajymygw,f? zrf;xm;w,f? zrf;wJh oufaocHypPn;f ,luvpfyifrrS &Syd ?J Oya't& zrf;
ol 'Dae@ w&m;ol}u;D udk av#mufvw J ,f? 'Dupd u P +crd ;f ajcmuf&m xm;jcif;rsK;d r[kwb f J txufuzdtm;ay;r_a=umifh zrf;wmjzpfygw,f?
ra&mufb;l / epfem&mvnf; ra&mufb;l vd@k olav#mufvyJ gw,f? ILO t&m&Sd pwDAr f m&S,u f v,form;awGudk pdw"f mwfrusz@dk
tck atmifv&H pJ cef;rSm zrf;xm;wJh wHy;dk aus;&Gmtkypf u k awmifol tm;ay;cJw h ,fv@kd oluajymygw,f? 'Dtr_rmS 1993 uwnf;u opfawm
OD;^m%fjrifw h @dk om;tzukd opfawmt&m&Su d w&m;pJx G m;wJt h ay: ILO óu;0kid ;f tjzpf tm%mykid af wGu odr;f ,lcw hJ hJ awmifov l ,form; 108 OD;
ukwd idk =f um;r,ft h a=umif; awmtky}f u;D OD;bke;f atmifyidk w f hJ yef;p}umF vuf &J@v,f,majrjyef&a&;twGuf 2004 u ILO ukd wkid =f um;cJw h t
hJ r_ trSwf
zuf&nfqidk rf mS OD;at;jrifu h oGm;a&mufnEd id_ ;f cJw h mjzpfygw,f? 'gukd tm 0-1 jzpfygw,f? 'Dae@ ILO tr_trSwf 0-66 jzpfwhJ o=um;puf±0Hk efxrf;
awG&@J w&m;pJrG u _ dk cHae&wJh prf;uav;aus;&Gmu v,form;OD;oef;pk;d
tar&duef&J@qufqHa&;rl a':pkóuqdk tygt0if v,form; 13 OD;tr_rmS rdom;pk0if 3 OD;ukd atmifvw
'Dae@ ppfaq;zk@d ±k;H csed ;f xm;ygw,f? OD;oef;pk;d aoG;wk;d aevk@d rvmEkid af =umif;
H &m;±k;H u
VOA / pufwifbm 24 ? ? jref r mh t a&;eJ @ ywf o uf + yD ; tar&d u ef q&m0efqu D aq;vufrw S af xmufccH suu f dk w&m;±k;H qD ay;yk@d vku d w
f t hJ
jynfaxmifpt k aeeJ@ wbufuppftpd;k &eJ@wdu k ¶f u
kd q f ufqo H mG ;rSmjzpfovdk wGuf yk*v ~ ud aq;cef;u q&m0efaxmufccH suq f +dk y;D tm%mykid af wGu
wbufuvnf; wm;qD;ydwq f @kd r_e@J quf+y;D awmhta&;,lomG ;r,fqw kd mudk jy\em&Smaew,fv@dk atmifvòH rc w H csK@d u ajymygw,f?
jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDacgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unfu óuqdv k u kd yf gw,f?
r,fv
wdu k ¶f u
h nf; xdawG@qufqw
dk pf um;ajymqdjk cif;[m aumif;w,fv@kd ,lqa=umif; 'gay
H ,fqw kd m wbufowfvyk af qmifv@dk r&bJ tm
nDnDatmifudk yk'frrsKd;pHkeJ@ w&m;pGJEkdif
%m&Sw d t hJ pd;k &csn;f eJ@bJ qufo, G v f @kd r&bJe@J twdu k t f cHawGe@J vnf;awG@qHk DVB / pufwifbm 24 ? ? pufwifbm 3 &ufae@u r*Fvm'ka H vqdyrf mS
aqG;aEG;rSjzpfr,fv@kd ajymvdu k af =umif;udk a':atmifqef;pk=unfe@J oGm;a&muf tzrf;cH&wJh udn k n D aD tmifukd azmufcaJG &;awGppD Ofo/l jynfwiG ;f Edik if aH &;
awG@qHck w hJ hJ tJet f , J v f 'f aD jyma&;qdck iG &hf o dS l OD;^m%f0if;uajymygw,f? v_y&f mS ;olawGukd aiGa=u;axmufyo hH /l qlyrl j_ zpfatmifv@H_ aqmfol pwJph cJG suf
jrefrmhta&;eJ@ywfouf+y;D awmh tar&dueftpd;k &&J@'Dvrdk sK;d ajymif;vJ awGe@J ta&;,lomG ;r,fv@kd Ak'[ < ;l ae@nydik ;f u jrefrmhtoHowif;rSm a=u
wJrh 0l g'ta=umif; tar&duefEikd if jH cma&;0ef}u;D [Dvm&Duvifwefu ukv nmoGm;ygw,f?
or*~XmecsKyrf mS rae@uajymqdv k u kd +f y;D wJah emuf a':atmifqef;pk=unfu 'Dae@xkwf jrefrmhtvif;owif;pmrSmvnf; pufwifbmu odr;f
tckvw kd ek @f jyefomG ;wmjzpfygw,f? ukvor*~twGi;f a&;r;csKyb f efurD eG ;f u qnf;&rdwhJ azmufcaJG &;ypPn;f awG/ qufo, G af &;ypPn;f awGe@J twl udn k nD D
ruxðyvkycf w hJ hJ jrefrmhrw d af qGEikd if rH sm;tpnf;ta0;rSm tar&duefjynf atmif&@J owif;udk tao;pdwaf zmfjyxm;ygw,f? ol[m &cdik jf ynfv;kH qdik f
axmifp&k @J jrefrmEdik if t H ay:rSmxm;&Sw d rhJ 0l g'awGukd 0ef}u;D [Dvm&Duvifwef &mausmif;om;eJ@vli,frsm;wyfrawmf AASYA eJ@ ausmif;om;wyfrawmf
u xkwaf zmfajymqdck w hJ mjzpfygw,f? ABSDF wd@k &J@ t=urf;zufazmufcr JG a_ wGe@J twl jynfwiG ;f rSm qlyrl a_ wG
'Dvrkd sK;d tar&duefjynfaxmifp&k @J jrefrmEdik if aH y:rSmajymif;vJvmr,fh tcsed u f u kd af qmif&u G Ef idk zf @dk 0ifvmpOf vHðk caH &;wyfz@JG u zrf;qD;vdu k w
f mvd@k
oabmxm;eJ@ywfouf+y;D &efuek ®f rr mS &Sw d hJ tar&duefo¶H ;kH ,m,Dwm0efcu H qdyk gw,f? udn k nD aD tmif[m 2005 uae 2009 twGi;f jrefrmEdik if u H kd 8
trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKy¶f ;kH udo k mG ;+y;D &Si;f jycJyh gw,f? 'Duae@oH¶;kH t&m&Sd acgu0f ifa&mufcw hJ ,fv@dk vnf; jrefrmhtvif;owif;pmrSm a&;om;xm;yg
awG vma&muf&iS ;f jycsed rf mS tJet f , J v f 'f AD [dt k vkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J 0ifawG w,f? 'Dowif;eJ@ywfouf+y;D udn k n D aD tmif&@J ta':jzpfol a':cifcifaqGu
tm;vH;k pHn k jD cif;r&Sw d t hJ wGuf tar&duefo¶H ;kH u&Si;f vif;jyvmwmawGukd aemufq;Hk tajctaeukd ajymygw,f?
csucf si;f rwke@f jyefvu dk Ef ikd af yr,fh r=umcifrmS wke@f jyefEikd b f @kd twGuf pDpOfae oH±;kH udk 'Dae@ tefwzD ek ;f qufawmh ol@use;f rma&;udyk J ar;wm?
w,fv@kd tJet f , J v f 'f yD gw&D @J jyef=um;a&;wm0efcw H OD;jzpfwhJ OD;tke;f óuifu awG@cGiahf wmif;w,f? enf;enf; apmifyh gO;D wJ?h apmif jcifaxmif&,f tusô
VOA uda k jymygw,f? 2 pHak vmufukd oH±;kH uwqifh yd@k ay;ygv@kd olajymw,f? ol[rkd mS 0wfp&m
jrefrmppftpd;k &tay:xm;&Sw d hJ tar&dueftpd;k &&J@ rl0g'oabm r&Srd mS pd;k vd@k av?
xm;udk orw bm;&ufct f bkd m;rm;tpd;k &wufvmuwnf;u jyefvnfo;kH tar&duefo±H ;kH udk oGm;wJt h cgrmS vnf; 0if&xGu&f wmawG cufcJ
oyfaewmjzpf+y;D tdb k m;rm;tpd;k &taeeJ@ jrefrmEdik if q H ikd &f mrl0g'awGukd t a=umif;eJ@ oH±;kH uvnf; olw@kd ud, k w f ikd af wG@zd@k óu;pm;aea=umif;eJ@zke;f yJquf
jrefq;Hk csrw S bf @kd trsm;uapmifq h ikd ;f ae=uwJt h csed rf mS bJ Edik if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D ygv@kd ajymw,fv@kd qdw k t hJ wGuf pdwq f if;&Jae&w,fv@kd vnf; a':cifcifaqG
[Dvm&Duvifwef&@J ajymqdck sux f u G af y:vmwmyg? uajymygw,f?

a':atmifqef;pk=unf/ OD;wifOD;wdk@eJ@ awG@qHkcGifh&bdk@ tzGJ@csKyfawmif;qdk
RFA / pufwifbm 21 ? ? trsKd ; om;'D r d k u a&pD t zG J @ csKyf & J @ tem vd@k aoG;aygief nf;enf;usaewJ/h rae@uyg 'gtcktrd u f jkdyefa&muf+y;D wJah emuf
*wfEikd if aH &;rl0g'awGukd aqG;aEG;qH;k jzwfEikd b f @kd aetdrt f us,cf sKyu f sae=u ydik ;f rSm 'gyxrOD;qH;k t}urd yf g?
wJh a':atmifqef;pk=unfe@J OD;wifO;D wd@k tygt0if ygwt D vkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J a':atmifqef;pk=unfuse;f rma&;apmifah &Smufre_ @J ywfoufv@kd tm
awG awG@qHck iG ahf y;bd@k trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf tJet f , J vf 'f u D wifjy %mydik af wGu oD;oef@yHrk mS q&m0efwOD;xm;&Sb d @kd pDpOfay;cJyh gw,f? 'gayr,fh
awmif;qdx k m;w,fv@kd od&ygw,f? a'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;eJ@omyHrk eS u
f o
k cGi&hf bd@k a':atmifqef;pk=unfuawmif;
tJet f ,J v f 'f t
D vkyt f r_aqmiftzG@J u pufwifbmv 16 &ufae@ qdck yhJ gw,f? rae@u a'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;eJ@awG@qHck iG &hf wm[m aetdrt f
ae@pGeJ @J ppftpd;k &t}u;D tuJ Adv k cf sKyrf ; }u;D oef;a¶$qu D kd pma&;om;ay;yd@k us,cf sKyf jyefae&+y;D uwnf;u yxrOD;qH;k jzpf+y;D yHrk eS af wG@qHck iG hf & r&udk
xm;wmjzpfw,fv@kd ajymcGi&hf yk*Kd~ vf OD;^m%f0if;u 'Duae@rSm RFA udak jymyg awmh rod&ao;bl;vd@k OD;^m%f0if;u RFA udak jymjyoGm;ygw,f?
w,f? +y;D cJw h hJ 16 &ufae@u trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf CEC tzG@J u
Adv k cf sKyrf ; }u;D oef;a¶$qu D kd pmwapmify@kd w,f? pmygta=umif;t&muawmh
Edik if aH &;t& tcktcsed rf mS ta&;}u;D w,f/ tzG@J csKy&f @J tem*wfr0l g'awGcsrw S f
a&eHacsmif;ivsif aejynfawmfajròy
bd@k ta&;}u;D w,f/ 'ga=umifh a':atmifqef;pk=unf OD;wifO;D tygt0if CEC DVB / pufwifbm 22 ? ? 'Dae@ reufvif;tm;}u;D 2 em&D0ef;usirf mS
wzG@J vH;k awG@cGihf usaemfw@kd wifjyxm;w,f/ 16 &ufae@&ufpeJG @J wifjyxm; jrefrmEdik if H tv,fyidk ;f eJh tdE, Nd blwefEidk if aH wGrmS ivsiv f y_ cf wfomG ;cJah =umif;
w,f? od&ygw,f?
tckvpkd ma&;awmif;qdw k mudk vuf&t dS csed t
f xd Adv k cf sKyrf ; }u;D oef; blwefbufu ivsi[ f m &pfcsuw f mpau; 6³1 txdjyif;+y;D vl
a¶$e@J tm%mydik af wGbuf wpHw k &mwke@f jyefwmr&Sad o;bl;vd@k vnf; OD;^m%f taoaysmuf 10 ausmt f xd&w dS ,fv@dk at*sipf o D wif;awGrmS azmfjyxm;
0if;uajymygw,f? pmxJrmS Edik if aH &;t& ygwt D em*wfr0l g'awGaqG;aEG;bd@k ayr,fh jrefrmEdik if b H ufrmS taotaysmufpm&if; r=um;&ao;ygb;l ? rauG;
om azmfjyxm;+y;D tpd;k &uusi;f yr,fh 2010 jynfEh pS af ¶G;aumufyeJG @J ywfouf wkid ;f a&eHacsmif;òre ,frS tke;f jzLawm ok@d r[kwf tkwjf zLawmfaus;&Gm&Sd 11
vd@k wpHw k &mazmfjyrxm;bl;vd@k vnf; OD;^m%f0if;u ajymygw,f? &mpkuwnf;u wnfxm;ud;k uG,w f hJ a&S;a[mif;apwD 2 qltysupf ;D &dcS hJ
'DtawmtwGi;f rSm aetdrt f us,cf sKyu f saewJh a':atmifqef;pk w,fv@dk rk;d ZvXmet&m&Sw d OD;u atyDowif;Xmeukad jymygw,f/ 'Dowif;
=unfe@J ol@rdom;pkq&m0ef a'guw f mwifrsK;d 0if;wd@k rae@uawG@qHck iG &hf vdu k f udpeP @J ywfouf+y;D a&eHacsmif;òrc H teft,fv'f D acgi;f aqmifwOD; a':cifapm
w,fv@kd od&ygw,f? q&mwifrsK;d 0if;eJ@awG@ygw,f/ q&mwifrsK;d 0if;ajym aX;u ajymygw,f?
wmu use;f rma&;tajctae t=urf;rsO;f awmhaumif;ygw,fw?hJ 'gayr,f nu 2 em&D 8 rdepfrmS ivsiv f y_ w
f m tefww D @kd ESpx
f yfwu dk }f u;D udk
v_yo f mG ;wm ukwifawGawmif v_yo f mG ;w,f? 10 rdepfavmuf =umr,f
xifw,f? vGwv f mwJh Edik if aH &;tusOo f m;wOD;udk *k%ðf yaewmeJ@ tJ'h u D pd P
etzppfacgif;aqmifawGudk tr_zGifhw&m;pGJqdk udk odyrf avhvmEdik b f ;l ? tm;vH;k uawmh vef@=uwmayg?h tawG@tñut H &
RFA / pufwifbm 22 ? ? Ad k v f c sKyf r ; }uD ; oef ; a¶$ t ygt0if jref r m [d;k t&ifu yk*b H &k m;awG ®ywke;f uvdrk sK;d v_yw f ,f? ArmvlrsK;d t,ltq
ppftpd;k &acgi;f aqmifawGukd vlom;rqefw&hJ mZ0wfrr_ sm;usL;vGerf _ Crime t& rif;ajymif;rif;vJjzpfrvm;/ wdik ;f jynfysurf vm;qdw k mawG ajym=uwm
Against Humanity eJ@ pydeE f ikd if w
H &m;¶H;k csKyrf mS vl@tcGit hf a&;tzG@J wcku ayg?h
tr_ziG w hf &m;pGq J vkd u kd yf gw,f? rdxDvm/ wrl;eJ@ tdENd,e,fpyfbuf&Sd wjcm;òrawGu ivsifv_yf oGm;wmudk
pydeEf ikd if /H w&m;¶H;k csKyrf mS +y;D cJw h ahJ om=umae@u Burma Campaign odvu dk af yr,fh bmrStysuftpD;r&Sb d ;l vk@d a'ocHawGu ajym ygw,f// etz&J@
Spain tzG@J &J@ !¸e=f um;a&;r; Ms.Concha Benos eJ@tzG@J uae w&m;vdt k òr a wmf o pf a ejynf a wmf ta&S b uf j crf ; rS m rk d ; oJ a jròyjzpf wJ h t wG u f
jzpfe@J tr_ziG w hf &m;pGq J ckd whJ mjzpfygw,f? Ms.Concha u jrefrmppfacgi;f aus;&Gmi,f 15 &GmeJ@ pkdufcif;{u 1000 cef@ ysufpD;oGm;w,f vkd@
aqmifawGukd Edik if w H umOya'awGt& vl@tcGit hf a&; tjyif;txefcsK;d tJvAif;*sme,fudk udk;um;+yD; qif[Gmowif;rSmazmfjyxm;ygw,f? tJh'D 15
azmufra_ wGtwGuf w&m;pGq J ckd w hJ mjzpfa=umif; Ms.Concha u RFA udk &GmrSm tdrfajc 600 ausmfysufpD;cJh+yD; 'Da'oudk obm0ab;oihf a'o tjzpf
ajymjyoGm;wmyg? tpdk;&u owfrSwfxm;a=umif;/ ysufpD;r_wef;zdk; tar&duefa':vm 7
Edik if w
H um ppf&mZ0wfrc_ ¶kH ;kH ICC eJ@ Edik if w H umcH¶k ;kH ICJ w&m;¶H;k od@k odef;ausmf&Sdr,fvkd@ tm%mykdifawGu ajyma=umif; azmfjyxm;ygw,f?
olw@kd tzG@J u wifjyw&m;pGq J w kd mjzpfygw,f? tckvkd Edik if w H umcH¶k ;kH awGrmS tJh'Da'o jyefvnfwnfaxmifa&;twGuf urBmhpm;eyf&duQmeJ@
w&m;pGq J Ekd ikd bf @kd tzG@J 0ifEikd if aH wG&@J w&m;¶H;k csKyaf wGuaewqifh wifjypGq J kd
pdu
k yf sK;d a&;tzG@J jrefrmh=uufajceDe@J vl0ifr}_ u;D =uyfa&;tzG@J awGu ulnaD e
&wmjzpfygw,f? csv D ED ikd if uH tm%m&Sio f rw yDE&kd adS &;wke;f uvnf; pydef
w,fv@dk qkyd gw,f? 'Dowif;udk ppftyk pf b k ufu w&m;0ifowif;xkwjf yef
w&m;¶H;k uaewqifh tckvw kd &m;pGq J ckd whJ mjzpfygw,f? olt*Fvefuo kd mG ;
jcif;r&Sdao;ayr,fh 'Dae@xkwf jrefrmhtvif;owif;pmrSm aejynfawmf
a&mufaq;ukopOf 1998 ckEpS /f atmufwb kd mvxJrmS ol@udzk rf;qD;cJyh g
w,f? ta&S@buf awmifay:a'o qdyzf ;l awmifaus;&GmrS jynforl sm;tm; aejynf
wcsed w f nf;rSmbJ reufjzef pufwifbmv 23 &ufae@rSm 0ef}u;D OD; awmfwidk ;f r; Akv d cf sKyaf 0vGiu f vz, G yf pPn;f rsm; ay;tyfq+dk y;D "mwfyeHk @J w
bdv k wS ifOh ;D aqmifwhJ ta0;a&muf!eG @f aygi;f tpd;k & ud, k pf m;vS,t f zG@J [m uGazmfjyxm;wm awG@&ygw,f/ aejynfawmfwidk ;f r; ay;tyfwhJ ypPn;f awG
pydeEf ikd if uH akd &muf&rdS mS jzpf+y;D pydef orwtygt0if tpd;k &wm0ef&o dS al wG u qef/ a&oG,yf u kd ef @J v,f,mok;H ypPn;f awGjzpfw,fv@kd jrefrmhtvif;
eJ@ awG@qHb k @kd &Sad =umif; Ms.Concha u ajymqdck yhJ gw,f? owif;pmrSm azmfjyxm;ygw,f?

vlt
cGit
fh a&; umuG,jf ri w
fh ifol udak usmv
f iG f jyefvnfvw
G af jrmufvm
DVB / pufwifbm 22 ? ? 2007 o}uFeft+yD; [oFmwtkwfykH&GmrSm tm;jzifh usaemfe@J udjk rifEh ikd uf vl@tcGit hf a&;umuG,jf ri w fh ifoq l w kd hJ yHpk H
±du
k Ef u S cf &H ovdk axmif'%f 4 ESpf cscx H m;&wJh udak usmv f iG ef @J ulno D l rsK;d eJ@&yfw,f? 'Dawmh 'DEpS af ,mufe@J [dk 4 a,mufukd wG+J y;D csvu kd jf cif;
&Gmom; 4 OD; 'Dv 18 &ufae@u jyefvw G v f mygw,f? tm;jzifh e,fajrcHv@l tcGit hf a&; umuG,jf ri w hf ifoal wGuv kd nf;yJ quf+y;D
&Gmom; 4 OD;u OD;0if;/ OD;jrih/f OD;vS&edS ef @J OD;jrpdew f @kd jzpfygw,f? ray:ayguaf pcsiw f mwa=umif;/ tJvv kd al wGukd qufo, G rf ,fo h al wG ray:
2007 o}ueF +f y;D prSm [oFmwtkwyf &Hk mG uaetxGuf &JawGa&S@rSm }uchH ikd f ayguaf pcsiw f t
hJ a=umif;awGa=umifh csw,fv@kd vnf; wrsK;d owfrw S v f @kd
a&;tzGJ wm0ef&o dS &l J cdik ;f ap±du k Ef u S rf a_ =umihf acgi;f uGcJ +hJ y;D tm%mykid af wG &aewmyJ? jynfukd OD;jrifah t;oGm;w,f? OD;jrifah t;udak wmh rzrf;bl;? vufcH
u xyfrHw&m;pGJqdk axmifcscH&wJh vl@tcGihfta&;umuG,fjrihfwifol wJh jynfuyk*Kd~ vaf wGuzkd rf;w,f? 'ga=umifh ckeu oH;k oyfcsurf sK;d jzpfEikd w f ,f
udjk rihEf ikd u f axmif'%f 8 ESpu f sc&H rSmrd@k tckjyefvw G w f t hJ xJrmS ryg ygb;l ? vd@k ajym&rSmyJ?
jyefvw G v f mwJh [oFmwòr wvkyaf xmfaus;&Gmu vl@tcGit fh a&;umuG,f jyefvGwfvmwJhtay:rSm vl@tcGifhta&; umuG,fjrifhwifolw
jrifhwifol udkausmfvGifeJ@qufoG,far;jref;csufudk azmfjyvdkufygw,f? a,muftaeeJ@ bmajymcsiaf o;vJ? 0rf;ompum;jzpfrvm;/ bmajymcsif
[oFmwaxmifuae jyefvw G w f m b,fEaS ,mufv?J ao;vJæ
usaemftygt0if tkwyf o kH m; 4 a,mufe@J qdak wmh 5 a,mufayg?h awmfawmfóu;pm;&OD;r,f? bmjzpfv@kd vJqakd wmh awmfawmfrsm;
[oFmwtydik f [oFmwaxmifrmS aewJo h u l 5 a,muf?usaemfw@kd uawmh rsm;u tcktcsed t f xdawmif ud, k uhf , kd u f ,
kd b f mrSe;f rodb;l ? ud, k Ehf idk if &H @J
tdwcf st f m'Dbu D yg? OD;wnfcsuf b,fvo kd mG ;aew,fqw kd mudk rod=ubl;? tJvkd rod=uwmudk
udak usmv f iG w f @kd bmha=umifh axmifuswmvJ/ b,f ESEpS v f qJ w kd m wbufu tcGiahf umif;,l+y;D awmh vdo k vdk yHo k iG ;f ae=uwmayg?h usaemfw@kd
&Si;f jyay;ygvm;æ u tJ'gawGukd em;vnfomG ;atmif t"dutiftm;&Sw d hJ yk*Kd~ vaf wG[m/
505-c/ 505-* tJ'yD 'k rf 2 cke@J pGcJ suw f if+y;D 505-c eJ@u 2 ta&;ygwhJ yk*Kd~ vaf wG[m jynfov l x l yk gvm; qdw k modatmiftrsm;}u;D
ESp/f 505-* eJ@u 2 ESp/f oD;jcm; 2 ESppf D 4 ESpu f scaH pqd+k y;D trde@f cstjypf óu;pm;&OD;r,f? 'Dpum;uvGv J @kd axGaxGx;l xl;ajymp&m r&Sad o;bl;cifAs?
ay;vdu k w f m? tck usO;f 401 eJ@ v$waf y;vdu k w f m?
2007 o}ueF +f y;D wmeJ@ udak usmv f iG w f @kd udpP jzpfwmyJaemfæ qefqDay;+yD; a¶G;aumufyGJtwGufpnf;¶Hk;
usaemfw@kd udk p csKyw f mu 2007 ar 2 &ufae@? trde@f cswm 7 RFA / pufwifbm 23 ? ? ppf t pd k ;& pmwd k u f e J @ a=u;eef ;quf o G , f
vydik ;f 24 &ufae@? a&;0ef}u;D Adv k rf ; csKyo f ed ;f aZmfu jrpf}u;D em;®re ,f/ jrpfqakH 'ou toif;t
udkausmfvGifwdk@ tkwfyHk&GmrSm ±dkufr_jzpfwmu udkausmfvGifwdk@ zG@J awGukd 2010 a¶G;aumufyt JG wGuf ypPn;f vufaqmifay;+y;D pnf;¶H;k aeovdk
t±du k cf &H wm r[kwv f m;? b,fvjkd zpfv@kd axmifuswmvJqw kd m &Si;f jyay; jrpfqpkH rD uH ed ;f udk wm0ef,al qmufvyk af ewJh at&Sa0gurk % ` u D a'ocHawG
ygvm;? udak vsmaf =u;ay;r,fv@kd ajymwJt h a=umif;pHpk rf;od&&dS ygw,f?
axmifcswJh vlawGtay:rSmyJ rlwnfvdrfhr,f? usaemfwdk@udk jrpf}u;D em;®re ,f/ {&m0wDjrpfq&kH dS oHz&Jaus;¶Gmudk pufwifbm 20
axmifxJ xnfx h m;rS a=umufvef@oGm;r,f qdw k muawmh olw@kd bufu &ufae@ we*FaEGae@u qufo, G af &;0ef}u;D Adv k rf ; csKyof ed ;f aZmf a&mufomG ;+y;D
tydkif;aygh? bma=umufwmvJqdkwmu um,uH&SifawGom todqHk; bmoma&;tzG@J / &yfr&d yfzeJ@ =uchH ikd zf @HG ®z;a&;tzG@J awGuakd wG@qH+k y;D 2010 a¶G;
jzpfr,fAs? vl@tcGifhta&; umuG,fjrifhwifolqdkwmu vl@tcGifhta&; aumufyeJG @J ywfouf+y;D awmh pnf;¶H;k a[majymoGm;w,fv@kd a'ocHwa,muf
csK;d azmufc&H wJo h al wGukd usaemfw@kd u w&m;Oya'abmiftwGi;f u b,f
u ajymygw,f? qufo, G af &;0ef}u;D uajymwJt h xJrmS Edik if zH @HG ®z;wd;k wufa&;
vd&k yfwnfyg/ b,fvakd exdik yf g/ b,fvkd usi}hf uyH gqw kd mrsK;d eJ@vkyw f ,f? tJ
twGuf ta&;}u;D wJt h cef;uae =uchH ikd zf @HG ®z;a&;tzG@J u t"duyg0ifr,fh
vdv k al wGukd Oya'csK;d azmufwo hJ al wGukd rD', D mawGu qufo, G af r;jref;
ta=umif;awG bJajymoGm;+y;D tJ'aD emuf tpnf;ta0;wufa&mufvmwJh
vm&if tjzpfreS af wGuw kd ifjyawmh rrSerf uef rw&m;vkyx f m;wJv h al wG
toif;tzG@J w zG@J udk qeftw d f 3 tdwef @J 10 yd\m0ifqyD ;kH wyH;k pD vuf
tm;vH;k u olw@kd awG&@J rrSerf uefvyk &f yfawGukd urBmodjzpfomG ;wmudk
aqmifay;w,fv@kd vnf; od&ygw,f?
rauseyfv@kd usaemfw@kd udk vky}f uaH xmifcsw,fv@kd usaemfw@kd ,lqxm;
wmyJ? 'gt
h jyif {&m0wDjrpfqakH &umwm aqmufvyk af &;pDru H ed ;f rSmyg0ifwhJ
udak usmv f iG w f @kd vl@tcGit hf a&;umuG,jf ri w hf ifoal wGukd vl@tcGihf at&Sa0gurk % ` u D wm0ef&o dS al wGvnf; tJ't D pnf;ta0;rSmyg0ifcyhJ gw,f?
ta&; csKd ;azmufc&H wmawGukd vlo&d iS =f um;jzpfatmif rD', D mawGe@J csw d f tJ'aD &umwmpDru H ed ;f a=umifh ysuq f ;D qH;k ¶H;_ wJh tdrjf cv H ,f,majrawGukd t
qufajymqdw k m/ vlawG vl@tcGit hf a&;wd;k wufjrifrh m;vmatmif óu;yrf; avsmaf y;r,fv@kd vnf; ajymcJw h ,fv@kd jrpfqakH &umwmpDru H ed ;f eJ@ywfoufv@kd
wJo h al wGukd axmifcsw,fqakd wmh aemuf 'Dvkd vl@tcGit hf a&;udpaP wGukd avhvmaewJh ucsiv f rl z_ @HG ®z;a&;uGe, f uftzG@J OuUX OD;atmif0guajymygw,f?
rvky&f aJ tmif aemifusOo f mG ;zd@k qdw k hJ &nf&, G cf suef @J vkyw f mvd@k rrSwb f ;l jrpfqakH &umwma=umifh xdcu kd yf suq f ;D Edik rf ,fh aus;¶Gm 60 avufe@J
vm;/ b,fvkd ,lqvJæ O,smOfjcaH jrawG/ v,fajrawGuakd vsma=u;ay;bd@k wdik ;f wmppfaq;aew,f
tJ'gvnf; ygr,fxifw,f? olw@kd u vl@tcGit hf a&; umuG,jf ri hf vd@k od&ygw,f? 'gayr,fh bd;k ab;pOfqufuwnf;u ydik q f ikd w f ahJ jr,mawG
wifoal wGukd jrefrmEdik if rH mS aysmufomG ;atmifvyk w f mvnf;ygr,f/ vkyaf e udk rSerf eS u f efuefavsmaf =u;ay;bd@k tcuftcJawG&EdS ikd w f ,fv@kd vnf; OD;
wJo h al wG tukev f ;kH udv k nf; &yfomG ;atmif&,f/ qufo, G w f o hJ al wGuv kd nf; atmif0gu ajymygw,f?
rqufo, G &f aJ tmifqw kd hJ yHpk rH sK;d ayg?h ajym&r,fq&kd if tkwyf &kH mG u vlawG 0ef}u;D Adv k rf ; csKyo f ed ;f aZmf[m ucsijf ynfe,fom;jzpf+y;D 2008 ckEpS f
u vl@tcGit hf a&; umuG,jf ri w hf ifrv _ yk if ef;eJ@ywfoufwhJ t"duvlawG zG@J pnf;yHtk ajccHOya' twnfrðycifumvuvnf; jrpf}u;D em;/ Aef;armfe@J w
r[kwb f ;l ? olw@kd u zdw=f um;+y;D a[majymyGu J kd em;axmifwo hJ al wG? em; jcm;®ra wGuo kd mG ;+y;D w,fvzD ek ;f awGcsay;+y;D awmh pnf;¶H;k cJyh gw,f? 'gayr,fh
axmifwo hJ al wG/ zdw=f um;wJo h al wG {nfch w H ohJ al wGukd qGx J nfw h m=unhjf cif; wu,fawmh tckxrd &ao;bl;vd@k Aef;armfa'ocHawGu ajymygw,f?

tusO;f om;rsm; vGwaf jrmufrt
_ ay: tzG@J csKyu
f a=unmcsux
f w
k jf yef
DVB / pufwifbm 23 ? ? EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; w&mausmftygt0if rlvwm0efrmS xrf;aqmifaew,fv@kd owfrw S x
f m;&r,f?
tusO;f om; 7 axmifausmf vGwv f mwmudk óuqdak =umif; trsK;d om;'Drkd olw@kd &J@ rlvwm0efae&mrSm tjcm; wm0ef,rl ,hv f al wGukd ,m
ua&pDtzG@J csKyu f 'Dae@ txl;a=unmcsux f w k jf yef vduk yf gw,f? ,Dtm;jzifh wm0efay;aqmif&u G Ef idk af yr,fh olw@kd &J@ae&mawGrmS tpm;xk;d
a=unmcsuf tjynfhtpHkudk tzGJ@csKyfjyef=um;a&;tzGJ@0if wOD; cef@tyfwmrsK;d / tpm;xk;d wm0efay;tyfwmrsK;d rvky&f bl;vd@k !¸e=f um;xm;
OD;tke;f óuifu zwfjyygw,f? ygw,f? olw@kd [m vuf&dS toD;oD;tjypf'%fawG usc+H y;D jyefa&mufvmwJh
2009 ckEpS f pufwifbm 17 &ufae@wGif Edik if aH &;tusO;f om; tcgrSm rlvwm0efay;tyfxm;wJhtwkdif;&Sdaew,fvdk@ owfrSwf+yD;om;
100 ausmt f ygt0if Ekid if o H m;tusO;f om;/ tusO;f ol pkpak ygi;f 7114 OD; jzpfygw,f?
wd@k [m tusO;f axmiftoD;oD;uae vGwaf jrmufvm=uwJt h wGuf trsK;d tzG@J csKyuf ðypkxm;wJh pm&if;t& 'Dv 18 &ufae@u v$waf y;vdu k f
om;'Dru kd a&pD tzG@J csKyu f vdu _ v f pJS mG óuqkyd gw,f? wJth usO;f om; 7 axmifausmx f rJ mS v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f 3 OD;tygt
ok@d aomfawG@qkaH qG;aEG;a&;eJ@ trsK;d om;jyefvnf oifjh rwfa&;wd@k 0iftzG@J csKy0f if 119 OD; yg0ifw,fv@kd od&ygw,f?
twGuf tpOfwpku d jf yefvnf óu;yrf;aeaom trsK;d om; 'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf
'kOuUÏ OD;wifO;D / taxGaxG twGi;f a&;r; a':atmifqef;pk=unf tygt0if
tzG@J 0ifrsm;/ wdik ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d rsm;/ 88 rsK;d qufausmif;om;rsm;pwJh Ekid if H csi;f jynfe,frmS ºuufrsm;jyefxu
G v
f m
a&;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k udk c|i;f csurf &Sd tjrefq;kH jyefvw G af y;zd@k awmif;qdk
DVB / pufwifbm 23 ? ?csi;f jynfe,frmS vGecf w hJ hJ ESpf 50 avmufu
ygw,f?
ay:cJw h hJ ºuufawG jyefvnf xGuaf y:vm+y;D aumufyo J ;D ESaH wGukd zsuq f ;D vd@k
aemufjyefvnfvGwfajrmufvm=uwJh tzGJ@csKyftzGJ@0ifrsm;[m pm;eyf&duQmjywfvyfwmawG&Sdr,fvdk@ a'ocHrsm;eJ@ tultnDay;a&;
vnf; rdrw d @kd use;f rma&;tajctaeay:rlwnf+y;D vdt k yfonfrsm;udk aqmif 0efxrf;awGu ajymygw,f?
&Gu+f y;D ygu rdrw d @kd &J@ rlv,H=k unfcsujf zpfaom 'Dru kd a&pDa&;eJ@vl@tcGihf ºuufawG[m oD;ESaH wGukd zsuq f ;D wJt
h wGuf oD;ESx H u G Ef e_ ;f xdcu kd f
ta&;&&S&d ef óu;yrf;r_wiG f jyefvnfwm0efxrf;aqmif=uyg&ef trsK;d om; +y;D rESpu f vdk pm;eyf&u d mQ jywfvyfwmawG &Srd ,fv@kd csi;f jynfe,fu tul
'Drukd a&pDtzG@J csKyu f wku d w
f eG ;f a=umif; a=unmvdu k yf gw,fv@kd azmfjyxm; nDay;a&;vkyif ef; vkyu f ikd af eolwOD;u ajymygw,f?
ygw,f? 'DvrSm awmif,mu oD;ESaH wGay:+y?D vl;wd@k qyfw@dk &dwaf e+y?D
'Da=unmcsurf mS azmfjyxm;wJh tzG@J csKy0f ifawGukd rlvwm0efawG xGuEf e_ ;f ud=k unhrf ,fq&kd if awmifov l ,form;eJ@ ºuufe@J tòyif vkaewJh
twdik ;f jyefvnfwm0efay;tyfwmeJ@ ywfoufv@kd OD;tke;f óuifu &Si;f jy twGu/f tzsut f qD;&Sw d t hJ wGuf rESpu f tajctaeawmh jyefjzpfr,f?
ygw,f? &dwo f rd ;f +y;D &if atmufwb kd muae aemufEpS f ZGev f twGi;f tajctae
wm0efawG tjynfjh yef+y;D ay;rSmyg? trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf ydak umif;zd@k tvm;tvmr&Sb d ;l ?
[m 1989 ckEpS u f wnf;u taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;r; a':atmifqef;pk=unf ºuufwaumifukd vufwqkypf m t&G,af vmuf&w dS hJ ºuuftyk f
ud,k w f idk f xkwjf yefxm;wJh t+rw J rf;wnf+rJ !¸e=f um;csut f rde@f &Syd gw,f? awG[m vGecf w hJ EhJ pS f 50 avmufu ay:vmzl;+y;D 2007 u yxrqH;k t}urd f
trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyftzGJ@tpnf;tqifhqifhrSm wm0ef tjzpf jyefay:vmw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? txl;ojzifh tdE, Nd e,fpyfe@J 0g;yif
xrf;aqmifaewJh tzG@J 0ifrsm;[m ta=umif;a=umif;a=umifh xGuaf jy;wdr;f taygurf sm;wJah e&mawGrmS yd+k y;D awG@&w,fv@kd tJ'D tultnDay;a&; 0ef
a&Smifae&&ifjzpfap/ tusO;f usae&ifjzpfap/ axmifusae&ifjzpfap/ rdrw d @dk &J@ xrf;u ajymygw,f?
rwlyòD re ,f/ xefwvef eJ@ [m;cg;rSmawmh awG@&ygw,f? tdE, dN
eJ@csi;f jynfe,ftpyfrmS &Sw d hJ ºuufukd qGaJ qmifra_ y;wJh [drk ek ;f "mwftrsm;
avmufudkif&Jr;ae0if;udk rHk&Gmodk@ajymif; qH;k ay;wJh 0g;trsm;qH;k ayguw f ahJ e&mawGrmS rsm;w,f?
ºuufawGzsuq f ;D vd@k csi;f jynfe,frmS pyg;{u 1700 eJ@ ESpH m;ajymif;
DVB / pufwifbm 23 ? ? +y;D cJw
h vhJ u wku d yf aGJ wGjzpfymG ;cJw
h hJ ta&S@ajrmuf {u 1000 eD;yg;ysupf ;D cJw h ,fv@kd ukvor*~ urBmph m;eyf&u d mQ ESihf pdu k yf sK;d
a'o uk;d uef@e,fajrrSm tajcaeawG wnf+ird pf ðyvmaeayr,fh a'ocH a&;tzG@J eJ@ ukvor*~urBmph m;eyf&u d mQ tpDtpOf WFP tpD&ifcHpmrSm
ppfbuft&m&Sad wGukd zrf;qD;r_/ ajymif;a&$@r_awG quf&adS eqJv@dk od&ygw,f? azmfjyxm;ygw,f? csi;f jynfe,f u vlO;D a& 470000 ausmt f wGuf wESpf
avmufuikd t f ajcpku d f 'upr; Akv d rf ; csKy0f if;armifukd +y;D cJw
h ohJ wif; pm;eyf&u d mQ vdt k yfcsuu f wefcsed f 23000 ausmv f t kd yfw,fv@kd od&yg
ywfwiG ;f u zrf;qD;vku d wf ,fv@dk owif;awGxu G tf +y;D 'Dae@rSm avmuf w,f? WFP &efuek ±f ;kH cGu J y±k*d &rft&m&Sd a':aqGaqG0if;u csi;f jynfe,frmS
ukid cf ±dik f &Jr; ae0if;tm; rk&H mG c±kid u f kd ajymif;vku d af =umif; od&ygw,f? ºuufa=umifjh zpfwhJ pm;eyf&u d mQ tcuftcJa=umifh WFP u pm;eyf&u d mQ
bma=umifh 'Dvdk zrf;qD;/ ajymif;a&$@r_awG qufwu dk jf zpfaeovJqdk axmufyahH y;aew,fv@kd ajymygw,f? csi;f jynfe,frmS pm;eyf&u d mQ tcuft
wm twdtusrodEidk af yr,fh 'g[m wku d yf t GJ wGi;f etzbufu trsm; cJ&ifqikd af e&ayr,fh csi;f jynfe,f at;csr;f ®z;aumifpu D aus;&GmwcsK@d rSm
tjym;usq;Hk jcif;/ zkeu f sm;&Sief @J tzG@J tm; zrf;rrdao;jcif;tyg0if zkeu f sm;&Sif qeftw d af wG vwmuvG&J if wjcm;ulnw D mawG r&Sb d ;l vd@k tJ'D tulnaD y;
wk@d qDu a'ocHwyfr; / &Jr; / c±kid rf ; awG tygt0if etzt&m&Sd tawmf a&;0efxrf;u ajymygw,f?
rsm;rsm; vmbfpm;r_trsm;tjym; usK;vGefxm;wJhtwGufqkd+yD; e,fpyf tpd;k &u ypPn;f awGbmawG vwmrsK;d awmh r&Sb d ;l ? 'gayr,fh
owif;&yfuGufawGu wqifhod&ygw,f? 'Dowif;awGeJ@ ywfouf+yD; usaemfw@kd vkyw f hJ ya&m*sut f m;vH;k udk taESmift h ,Surf ay;bJ vGwv f w G f
etzbufu tckcsed x f d bmrSxw k af jymjcif; r&Sad o;ygb;l ? vyfvyf vkyyf ikd cf iG ahf y;ygw,f?

trsKd;om; &if=um;apha&;qdk&m0,f
cifrrrsKd;
jrefrmEdik if rH mS a&yef;tvGepf m;cJw h hJ pum;vH;k av;awG&ydS gw,f? e,f ðyvky&f ygw,f? 'Dtqifrh mS ¶d;k om;r_[mta&;}u;D qH;k jzpfygw,f? wwd,t
csaJ cwfua&yef;pm;cJw h hJ vH;k 0vGwv f yfa&;/ z,f'&,fjynfaxmifpt k a&;/ qifu h awmh cGiv hf w $ jf cif;tqifh forgiveness jzpfygw,f? 'Dtqifu h awmh
'dik ,f mavmhc/f trsK;d om;&if=um;apha&; 0g trsK;d om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&; zdEydS cf cH &hJ olrsm;u twdwu f emusn;f csurf sm;udk oifyek ;f acs+y;D em;vnfci$ hf
National Reconciliation pwJh pum;vH;k av;awGyg? ay;wmjzpfygw,f?
e,fcsaJ cwf/ vGwv f yfa&;&+y;D acwfawGu pum;vH;k av;awGuawmh 'DtwGuf tcsed t f wdik ;f twmwck =umjrifw h wfygw,f? yxrtqifh
tcsed t f cg tajctaeeJ@avsmn f pD mG xGuaf y:vmcJw h hJ pum;vH;k av;awGyg? ESpq f ifrh mS zdEydS o f b l ufu b,favmuftwdik ;f twmtxd ¶d;k om;pGmjyifqif
ppftm%m&Siaf cwfa&mufawmh xGuaf y:vmwJph um;vH;k awGu pum;vH;k cJv
h q J w kd mtay:rSm t"durlwnfygw,f? 'ga=umifv h nf; rSeuf efwehJ m;vnf
taeeJ@qd&k if tvGew f efb;kd &Sad yr,fh tcsed t f cg tajctaeeJ@ravsmn f b
D J cGiv hf w $ v f ufcrH a_ wGjzpfvmbd@k trsK;d om;&if=um;apha&;jzpfpOf national
xGuaf y:vmwJph um;vH;k awG jzpfvmygawmhw,f? tck'aD qmif;yg;rSm vwfw reconciliation process qdw k m vdt k yfvmwmjzpfygw,f? 'grv S nf; tem
avma&yef;pm;aewJh trsK;d om;&if=um;apha&; pum;vH;k eJ@ywfoufwhJ t *wfwikd ;f jynfwnfaqmufru _ kd t&Sed tf [keef @J wd;k wufatmif vufww JG nf
ajccHoabmw&m;eJ@ pum;vH;k toH;k ðy&wJh tajctae tcsed t f cguw kd ifjy aqmufEikd rf mS jzpfygw,f?
vdyk gw,f? vlEpS af ,muftrd af xmifðyr_rmS awmif tdraf xmifbufwOD;qDrmS oH
o,awG/ r,H=k unfra_ wG/ tEdik u f siahf pmfum;r_awG &Sad er,fq&kd if 'Dtrd f
axmif[m ®yvJjcif;jzpf&ifjzpf rjzpf&ifvnf; om,m+ird ;f csr;f r_ &SEd ikd rf mS r[kwf
trsKd;om;&if=um;apha&;
ygb;l ? tjyeftvSeaf v;pm;r_/ ,H=k unfr/_ nEd i_d ;f aqmif¶u G rf a_ wGtay:rSm
tajcwnfrmS rdom;pk&@J tem*wfb0udk aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f aysmaf ysm¶f i$ f
trsK;d om;&if=um;apha&;qdw k m a&&Sncf +H ird ;f csr;f a&;wnfaqmufr_
¶$if vufww JG nfaqmufv@kd &Edik yf gw,f?
twGuf tvGet f a&;}u;D wJh oabmw&m;wckjzpfygw,f? Edik if w H Edik if u
H jynf
Edik if w H Edik if &H @J tajccH,el pfav;wckjzpfwhJ rdom;pkav;wck wnf
olvx l /k tpd;k &/ wyfrawmf/ vlrsK;d pkawGtcsi;f csi;f t=um;rSm yÉdyuQawGjzpf
aqmufwmawmifrS tjyeftvSe, f =kHunfr/_ tjyeftvSeaf v;pm;r_/ em;vnf
yGm;vmwJt h cg t=urf;zufr/_ w&m;r#wr_uif;rJw h v hJ yk &f yfawG xGuaf y:vm
c$ivhf w $ rf [ _ m 'Davmufta&;}u;D w,fq&kd if Edik if w H Edik if w
H nfaqmufrr_ mS qdk
wwfygw,f? tiftm;}u;D olu tiftm;enf;olukd tEdik u f siEhf ydS pf ufowfjzwf
&if rnfr#twdik ;f twmtxd ta&;}u;D r,fqw kd m cef@rSe;f vd@k &Edik yf gw,f?
r_awG jzpfymG ;vmygw,f?
'Dawmh b,fvt kd ajctaersK;d rSm trsK;d om;&if=um;apha&;jzpfpOf pwifvmr
'Dvekd @J yÉdyuQawGajyvnfvm+y;D wJt h cg yÉdyuQjzpfymG ;cJw h hJ jynfoel @J
vnf;qdw k m avhvm=unf&h atmifyg?
wyfrawmft=um; vlrsK;d pktcsi;f csi;f awG=um;rSm wOD;eJ@wOD;wnf&rdS e_ @J &yf
wnfru _ kd tjyeftvSet f odtrSwðf yjcif;/ wOD;eJ@wOD;&J@ uGjJ ym;jcm;em;r_awG
tusK;d pD;yGm;awG/ wefb;kd xm;r_awGukd tjyeftvSeaf v;pm;jcif; pwJh awG@qHk trsKd;om;&if=um;apha&;
aqG;aEG;r_awGðyvky&f ygw,f? 'Dvakd wG@qHak qG;aEG;r_awG[m yÉdyuQay:rSmrl
wnf+y;D a&wdk a&&Snf tcsed t f wmwck=umwwfygw,f? 'Dvkd awG@qHak qG;aEG; trsK;d om;&if=um;apha&;qdw k m jzpfay:aewJh yÉdyuQjzpfpOfe@J Edik if aH &;
r_awGðyvkyw f jhJ zpfpOfukd trsK;d om;&if=um;apha&;jzpfpOftjzpf ac:qdyk gw,f? tajctae/ Edik if aH &;tcif;tusi;f tcsed t f cgawGtay:rSm rlwnfygw,f?
Edik if aH &;t=urf;zufr&_ @J pdwyf ikd ;f qdik &f maemufqufwjJGy\emawGukd Edik if aH &;tajctae/ tcsed t f cgukd roH;k oyfbJ oabmw&m;eJ@jzpfpOfawGukd
avhvmcJw h yhJ nm&Sif Montville qdo k ul Edik if aH &;yÉdyuQawGt=um;rSm t toH;k ðyvd@k r&ygb;l ? Oyrm - 'dik , f mavmhcq f w kd hJ pum;vH;k udk erlem=unfEh ikd f
=urf;zufrc_ x H m;&r_rsm;[m aemifrmS 'Dvt kd =urf;zufra_ wG xyfrjH zpfymG ;vm ygw,f?
rSmudk a=umuf¶@HG pdwaf wG&adS ewwf+y;D 'Dvakd =umuf¶@HG pdwaf wG[m olw@kd tay: 'dik ,
f mavmhcq f wkd mu 'Dru kd a&pDðyjyifajymif;vJa&;tajctaerSmqdk
t=urf;zufco hJ al wGtay: ,H=k unfru _ akd vsmeh nf;apwwfw,fv@kd qdx k m;yg &if ueOD;'Dru kd a&pDðyjyifajymif;vJrj_ zpfpOf Initial Democratization t&
w,f? 'Dv, kd =kH unfr_ avsmeh nf;aewmeJ@tr# ppfreS w f yhJ ;l aygi;f aqmif¶u G rf _ =um;jzwftpdk;&tay:aygufvm+yD;rS 'Drdkua&pDpepf tjrpfwG,fcdkifrmr_
eJ@ wdik yf ifnEd i_d ;f r_awG &Sv d mrSmr[kwyf gb;l ? 'DtcgrmS Edik if w H Edik if &H @J wnf democratic consolidation udk toGiu f ;l ajymif;r_umv transition pe-
aqmufrj_ zpfpOfukd xdcu kd af pEdik yf gawmhw,f? riod rSm ac:qd& k wmjzpfygw,f?
zdEydS o f al wGe@J zdEydS cf &H olawGt=um;rSm ppfreS w f hJ em;vnfciG v hf w $ rf _ 'D=um;jzwftpd;k &qdw k mrSm twdu k t f cHO;D aqmifwhJ =um;jzwftpd;k &
jzpfay:vma&;rSm tqifh 3 qif&h ydS gw,f? yxrtqifu h awmh today;jcif; opposition-led provisional government 'Dru kd a&pDtwdu k t f cHrsm;eJ@ tm
tqifh acknowledgment jzpfygw,f? 'Dtqifrh mS zdEydS cf w hJ t hJ m%m&Siaf wG %m&Sib f ufrS ðyjyifajymif;vJvo kd rl sm; yl;wGw J nfaxmifwhJ yg0g&, S , f m =um;
[m olw@kd bmawGvyk cf o hJ vJqw kd mudk trsm;jynfou l t kd oday;r_awG ðyvky&f jzwftpd;k & power sharing interim government tm%m&Sib f ufrS 'Drukd
ygw,f? trSew f &m;udk azmfxw k af jym=um;+y;D aemifwcsed rf mS 'Dvrkd jzpfap& a&pDðyjyifajymif;vJrð_ yvky&f ef a=unmzG@J pnf;wJh tdraf pmift h pd;k & incum-
bl;qdw k t hJ odukd vltrsm;,H=k unfvmatmif today;&ygw,f? bent-led caretaker government eJ@ Edi k if w H um=um;jzwftpd;k & interna-
aemufwcsuu f awmh contrition tqifjh zpfygw,f? 'Dtqifrh mS zdEydS f tional interim government qd+k y;D o¾mefav;rsK;d &Sy d gw,f?
csKycf s,o f t l m%m&Siaf wG[m twdwu f jzpf&yfawGtwGuf wm0ef,w l m/ qufvufazmfjyygrnf
aemifw&r_ukd xkwaf zmfajym=um;wmeJ@ c$iv hf w$ b
f @kd wdu k ¶f u kd af wmif;yefra_ wG

r,fv'kuQonfpcef;wGif vlwkyfauG; a&m*gykd;&Sdol 20 OD; awG@&Sd
DVB / pufwifbm 25 ? ? u&if'u k oQ nf trsm;tjym;cdv k aH_ ewJh xkid ;f - q&mapmaeqJu ajymygw,f?
jrefrme,fpyfu r,fv'kuo Q nfpcef;rSm ESpv f twGi;f vl 20 rSm AH1N1 r,fvpcef;rSm AH1N1 'Dvel mu rrsm;ygb;l ? aq;cef;u vlem
urBmv h wl yk af uG; a&m*gy;kd &Sad ewmudk awG@&ygw,f? awGcx GJ m;w,f? r,fvpcef;u vlxu k 'Da&m*ge@J ywfoufv@kd odawmh tck
rJaqmufòr ajrmufbuf r,fv'kuo Q nfpcef;rSm =o*kwv f uae pd;k &drpf &m odyrf &Syd gb;l ? qk;d qk;d 0g;0g;jzpfr,fv@kd usaemfrxifb;l ?
tcktxd ESpv f twGi;f vl 20 rSm urBmv h w
l yk af uG;a&m*gy;kd awG@&w,fv@kd u&ifjynfe,f zmyGecf ±kid f vlaomòre ,f aorl;'kad us;e,fu &Gm 7
pcef; use;f rma&;Xmeu ajymygw,f? =o*kwv f 2 &ufae@u 3 ESpt f &G,f &GmrSm +y;D cJw h hJ 11 &ufup+y;D trnfroda&m*g ul;pufjyef@yGm;aew,fvkd
uav;wa,mufudk prf;oyfppfaq;&m AH1N1 a&m*gy;dk awG@cJyh gw,f? e,fvn S hf a=umyk;d tdwaf q;ukoa&;tzG@J wm0ef&o dS l aemfaomoDazmu
'Daemuf pcef;wGi;f tvkyv f yk af ewJh SMRU – Shoklo Malaria Research ajymygw,f? vuf&dS vl 300 avmuf ul;pufcaH e&w,fvkd oluajymyg
Unit ±_;d uvk;d iSuz f sm;a&m*g okaowetzG@J u uk, d yf /l em&nf,/kd &ifbwf w,f?
em/ v,facsmif;em pwJah &m*gvuQ%&Sd olawGudk prf;oyfppfaq;cJyh gw,f? wkwaf uG;vdk ESmap;acsmif;qd;k wm/ ud, k yf wl mvdrk sK;d ? iSuzf sm;ppf
51 a,mufukd prf;oyfwt hJ cg 16 a,mufrmS vlwyk af uG;a&m*g =unhaf wmh tm;vH;k rS wa,mufyJ ay:w,f? iSuzf sm;rjzpfEidk b f ;l ? Akid ;f &yfpf
yk;d awG@&Scd o
hJ vkd aemufxyf 4 a,mufrmS vnf; xyfawGwma=umihf t wckcq k wkd m aocsm+y?D 10 &uftwGi;f vl 300 ausmjf zpfwm?
a,muf 20 &S+d yv D @kd pcef;rSmzGix fh m;wJh AMI Aide Medical International a&m*gvuQ%mu vlwyk af uG;a&m*ge@J qifwal =umif;eJ tJ'aD 'o
tzG@J u aq;±k&H @J aq;±kt H yk f q&mapmaeqJu ajymygw,f? pcef;wGi;f use;f u tv,fwef;ausmif;udk ydwx f m;&w,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? a&m*gjzpfaewJh
rma&;tzG@J awGuvnf; a&m*gjzpfymG ;ol aexkid w f t
hJ rd af wGudk aq;jzef;wm ae&m[m u&iftrsK;d om;tpnf;t±k;H xde;f csKy&f me,fajrjzpf+y;D òrj yeJa0;
tjyif a&m*grjyef@yGm;zdk ynmay;aewJt h jyif a&m*gu;l pufc&H wJh rdom;pk vd@k eD;pyf&m aq;r;/ aq;cef;awGe@J e,fvn S afh usmyk;d tdwt f zG@J 0ifawGu
0ifawGeJ wjcm;rdom;pk0ifawG tvnftywf c%em;xm;zdk !$e=f um;xm; ukoay;aew,fv@dk aemfaomoDazmu ajymygw,f? bma&m*gqw kd m
ygw,f? tcktcg a&m*gjzpfol ta,muf 20 pvk;H oufomvm+yv D kd pyf;oyfaeqJjzpf+y;D r=umcifrmS ajymqdEk ikd zf , G &f wdS ,fv@kd oluajymygw,f?
wdik ;f jynftusKd ; a&S;±_v#if Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k v$w&f efvdk

DVB / pufwifbm 24 ? ? etzppftyk pf u k tusO;f om; 7 axmifausmf ppftyk pf u k v$ww f t hJ cgwikd ;f rSm Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;u 1 &mcdik Ef e_ ;f awmif
v$waf y;vdu k w f mudk óuqdak yr,fh jynfo@l tusKd ;udk wu,fa&S;±_w,fqkd rjynfw h hJ yHpk rH sK;d awGe@J vkyaf ew,f?
&if a':atmifqef;pk=unftygt0if usefEdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;tm;vkH;udk tckvkd r±d;k om;wJeh nf;eJ@ tcsed q f JG ta&mifjy tusO;f om;v$waf e
v$waf y;oifw h ,fv@kd jrefrmEdik if v H ;Hk qkid &f m oHCmhwyfaygi;f pktzG@J / 88 rsK;d wmrsK;d r[kwb f J wdik ;f jynf&@J trsK;d om;&if=um;apha&;twGuf ta&;}u;D wJh
qufausmif;om;rsm;tzG@J eJ@ ArmEdik if v H ;Hk qkid &f m ausmif;om;or*~rsm;tzG@J ajcvSr;f jzpfwhJ Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k ¹cif;csurf &Sd wa,mufrusef
csKyw
f @kd u ajymqdv k u dk yf gw,f? jyefvw $ af y;a&;[m tifrwefta&;}u;D wma=umifh a':atmifqef;pk=unf
v$waf y;vdu k w f t hJ xJrmS Edik if aH &;tusO;f om; tenf;i,fomygwhJ tygt0if Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k udk csucf si;f v$waf y;zd@k awmif;qdck sif
twGuf etzppftyk pf [ k m Edik if w
H umzdtm;awG avsmu h sapzd@k / jynfou
l kd w,fv@kd vnf; udx k eG ;f jrifah tmifu ajymygw,f/ ArmEdik if v H ;Hk qkid &f m ausmif;
vSnjhf zm;zd@k v$wjf yaeovdrk sK;d jzpfaew,fv@kd 88 rsKd ;qufausmif;om;rsm; om;or*~rsm;tzG@J csKyf Auo&Jah jyma&;qdck iG &hf o dS l udZk menfu etzppftyk pf k
tzG@J u udx k eG ;f jrifah tmifu ajymygw,f? u Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;awGukd v$waf y;w,fqw kd m qifaoudk qdwo f m;
urBmeJ@ jynfow l &yfv;kH tav;teufawmif;qdak ewmu Edik if H a&eJ@ zH;k zd@k óu;d pm;aewmvd@k ajymygw,f?
a&;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k ¹cif;csurf &Sd wa,mufrusev f w $ af y;a&;? etz wu,fawmh b,fvrkd S zk;H vd@k r&Edik yf gb;l ? trsK;d om;nDvmcHu
wdik ;f &if;om;awGukd ud, k pf m;rðybl;? vlwef;pm; tv$mtoD;oD;udv k nf;
jyuQ'ed rf S ud,k pf m;rðywJt h wGuf 2010 a&G;aumufy[ JG m twkta,mifyjJ zpfrmS yg?
ppftyk pf u k wbufrmS tusO;f om;awGuv kd w
$ af y;aeovdw k buf
pufwifbm25 / RFA ? ? tar&duefonf jrefrmppftpd;k &ESifh wdu k ¶f ukd q
f ufqrH _ rSmvnf; zrf;qD;r_awGðyvkyaf eygw,f? wEdik if v H ;Hk twkid ;f twmeJ@ pufwif
tygt0if jrefrmEdik if q H ikd &f mrl0g'tajymif;tvJtay: twku d tf cHtiftm; bm wvwnf;rSm zrf;qD;cH&ol 30 ausm&f adS ewJt h ay: ppftyk pf [ k m 'Dae@
pkrsm;ESiyfh g ausvnfpmG aqG;aEG;rnfqv dk #if vufcEH idk af =umif; a':atmifqef; v$waf y;/ reufjzef jyefzrf;yHpk rH sK;d awGvyk af ewJt h wGuf axmifoo H &mvnf
pk=unfrS ,refae@uqd. k ? aew,fv@kd udx k eG ;f jrifah tmifu oH;k oyfygw,f?
pufwifbm 25 / DVB ? ? vdarRmaf &mifvy_ &f mS ;r_EiS fh 2007 &[ef;oydwEf pS v f nf wdik ;f jynf 'Dae@ &ifqikd af e&wJh jy\emawGukd awG@qHak qG;aEG;ajz
txde;f trSwEf iS fh t*Fgae@qkawmif;yGq J ufvyk af e&m t0ga&mif0wfqifo;kH &Si;f / tajzrSeaf &mufatmif rvkyaf o;oI wdik ;f jynftcuftcJawGvnf;
pGI J 0wfðyvmolrsm;tm; tm%mykid rf sm;rS qGcJ |wjf cif;rsm;ðyvkyaf =umif;? 'Dae@txd cHpm;wmxuf ydq k ;kd wJt
h ajctaersK;d awG a&mufaeOD;rSmyJ?
pufwifbm 25 / NEJ ? ? ig;axmifwefusyfaiGpuULrsm; xkwfrnf[kowif; etzppftyk pf t k aeeJ@ tcsed q f JG ta&mifjyvkyaf ewmrsK;d xuf wdik ;f
xGuaf eI &efuek af &$uek o f nfrsm; aps;rzGi&fh jJ zpfaea=umif;? jynfrsuEf mS udk =unf+h y;D apwemrSerf eS ef @J vlxak cgi;f aqmif a':atmifqef;pk
pufwifbm 25 / Mizzima ? ? ygwaD cgi;f aqmifa':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS hf awG@qkH =unfe@J wuG Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k udv k w $ /f awG@qHak qG;aEG;+y;D wdik ;f
Ekid af &; pDpOfay;&ef tzG@J csKyvf il ,frsm;u A[kt d vkyt f r_aqmiftm;awmif; jynf&@J jy\emudk ajz&Si;f r,fq&kd if tm;vH;k twGuaf umif;+y;D aysmpf &mjzpf
qkv d u dk af =umif;? vmrSmygv@kd vnf; udx k eG ;f jrifah tmifu ajymygw,f?

tzGJ@csKyf0if rcsdKeJ@ oHk;a&mifjc,f udkpdefv_difwdk@ 3 OD; tr_wGJ pppf
DVB / pufwifbm 23 ? ? +y;D cJw
h hJ rwfvu zrf;qD;xm;wJh tzG@J csKyf A[kd wmudk prf;acsmif;òre ,f w&m;ol}u;D OD;wifaqGvif;u cGirhf ðycJb h J 'Dae@
vlrt _ axmuftulðy tzG@J 0if rjrifjh rifph ef; tygt0if 3 OD;udk 'Dae@tif;pdef tr_ppf&mrSm rdom;pk0ifawG=um;emcGirhf &bl;vd@k OD;ausm[ f ;dk u ajymygw,f?
axmifwGif; oD;oef@w&m;±Hk;rSm ±Hk;xkwfppfaq;cJhw,fvdk@ ol@wdk@a&Sae 'Dae@ tr_ p ppfawmh w&m;ol}u;D ukd ajymw,f? axmifuvnf;
OD;ausm[ f ;dk u ajymygw,f? awGcGirhf ay;bl;/ tck tr_ppfr,fqadk wmh usaemfw@dk ukd em&D0ufavmuf
tzG@J csKyAf [kd vlrt_ axmuftulðytzG@J 0if rcsK/d prf;acsmif;òru oH;k tcsed af y;yg? usaemfw@dk instruction ,lyg&apqdak wmh w&m;ol}u;D u
a&mifjc,ftzG@J 0if 88 rsK;d qufupkd ed v f id_ /f v_id òf re ,f tzG@J csKy0f if udak &$*sK;d cGirhf ðybl;? instruction r&db S eJ @J tr_udk ppf&wJh taetxm;a&mufomG ;
wd@k 3 OD;udk w&m;r0iftoif;eJ@qufo, G rf y_ 'k rf 17-1eJ@ w&m; pGx J m;+y;D wmuk;d ? w&m;r#wr_t& =unfrh ,fq&dk if [kb d ufudk jyifqifcsed af y;ovkd
'Dae@ yxrqH;k t}urd f tr_pppfwm jzpfygw,f? 'Dae@ w&m;vdjk y oufao&J@ usaemfw@dk ukd jyifqifcsed af y;oifw h mayg?h usaemfw@dk u bmrS !¸e=f um;csuf
2 OD;udk ppfaq;cJw h meJ@ywfouf+y;D a&S@ae OD;ausm[ f ;dk u ajymjyygw,f? r&bJ/ tr_ta=umif; bmrSrodbeJ @J prf;w0g;0g;eJ@ ppf&w,fqadk wmh ESpf
olw@dk pGypf wJG mu tDAm; ac: qef;v_id u f teft,fv'f D t,fvaf t bufr#r#ww r&db S ;l vk@d ajymvk@d &wmayg?h
tzGJ 0ifwa,mufjzpfw,f? tJ'u D ae olu tusO;f uscaH e&wJh rdom;pk 'Dv 30 &ufaeud@k ±H;k csed ;f ay;vdu k wf ,fv@kd od&ygw,f? axmifyg
awGqD aiGawG yk@d ay;w,fq+dky;D pGypf w JG ,f? tDAm; ac: qef;v_id u f teft,fvf q,fawGukd u|wu f |wt f wd ef @J yd@k wm vufrcHawmhb;l qdw k hJ ta=umif;
'D t,fvaf t tzGJ 0ifjzpfwt hJ a=umif;ukd cifAsm;wk@d u taxmuftxm; tif;pdefaxmifrSm a=umfnmuyfxm;w,fvdk@ axmifeJ@eD;pyfolwOD;u
jyp&m&do S vm;qkad wmh ppfaq; azmfxw k cf sut f & olw@kd tJ't D axmuf ajymygw,f? atmufwb kd m 1 &ufae@up+y;D ygq,fawGukd u|wu f |wt f wd f
txm;r&dyS gb;l vk@d xGuq f x kd m;w,f? tJ't D wGuf 'gukd rw&m;toif;eJ@ eJ@yd@k wm vufrcHawmhwm[m u|wu f |wtf wd f uif;pifa&; vkyw f mjzpfEikd f
qufo, G w f ,fv@dk ajymvk@d r&bl;? tDAm; ac: qef;v_id u f teft,fv'f D +yD; u|wfu|wftdwftpm; wjcm;b,fvdktdwfrsKd;udk tpm;xkd;toHk;ðy&
t,fvaf tu jzpfa=umif;ukd w&m;vkb d ufu oufaojyzk@d wm0ef&w Sd ,f? r,fqw kd m ajymrxm;wJt h wGuf tpydik ;f rSm axmif0ifpmygq,fy@kd olawG
tr_rppfcif a&S@aeawGukd tr_onfawGe@J wdik yf ifaqG;aEG;cGihf awmif; tcuftcJjzpfEikd w f ,fv@kd tJ'h aD xmife@J eD;pyfou l ajymygw,f?
Voice To
B urma of
1-507, Horifune Jutaku
Horifune 2-27-1
Kita Ku, Tokyo
Japan. 114 - 0004
Tel/Fax: 81 3-6323-5114
E-mail: sayarkway@yahoo.com
koko@gol.com
1995 ck atmuf wdk bm v rS p wif I t ywf pOf xkwf a0 onf

AIR MAIL PRINTED MATTER

Tar&Dueftaeej@ Espfzufpvkh Ukd Wdkuf Dkufaqg Aeg Oifha Umif A':Pkajymqkd

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tar&Dueftaeej@ Espfzufpvkh Ukd Wdkuf Dkufaqg Aeg Oifha Umif A':Pkajymqkd

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Published by Voice of Burma Information Group Issue No.

729 SEPTEMBER 27, 2009

1-507 Horifune Jutaku , Horifune 2-27-1, Kita-Ku, Tokyo 114-0004, JAPAN

tar&dueftaeeJ@ ESpfzufpvkH;ukd wdkuf¶dkufaqG;aEG;oifha=umif;a':pkajymqkd

September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 1

ydwfqdk@ta&;,lr_¶kyfodrf;a&; etzAkdvfcsKyfrsm;eJ@ a':pk yl;aygif;aqmif¶Gufvdk

Page 2 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 3

Page 4 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 5

Page 6 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 7

OD;oka0ESifh OD;0if;Edkifwdk@. EdkifiHa&;a[majymyGJ *sme,fawGrSm azmfjycGifhr&

Page 8 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

Page 10 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

t"dutm;ðyr,fv@kd qdw k t hJ enf;i,fajymif;vJvmwJ&h yfwnfcsuu f kd a':pk

vli,frsm; a':pkESifhawG@&efawmif;qkd e,fpyfrwnf+idrfr_ w¶kwfjypfwif

xdkif;trJqD jrefrmjynfydk@rnf 5000 wef

September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 11

Page 12 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 13

Page 14 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 15

Page 16 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

September 27, 2009 Voice of Burma 729 Page 17

wdik ;f jynftusKd ; a&S;±_v#if Edik if aH &;tusO;f om;tm;vH;k v$w&f efvdk

Page 18 Voice of Burma 729 September 27, 2009

1995 ck atmuf wdk bm v rS p wif I t ywf pOf xkwf a0 onf

You might also like