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40
30

100
80
60

20

40

10

20

0
2

1.5

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.33

0.25

1.5

% ~A % 3 -

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.33

0.25

31u1 % / -

350

1000
AIS
AprioriTid
Apriori

300

AIS
AprioriTid
Apriori

900
800

250

700
Time (sec)

Time (sec)

200
150

600
500
400
300

100

200
50

100

0
2

1.5

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.33

0.25

1.5

3 ~A % 3 -

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.33

0.25

31 ~ % / -

1800

3500
AIS
AprioriTid
Apriori

1600

AIS
AprioriTid
Apriori

3000

1400
2500
Time (sec)

Time (sec)

1200
1000
800

2000
1500

600
1000
400
500

200
0

0
2

1.5

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

/1

0.33

0.25

1.5

xC1u|3u| 3991uJQ;C

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.33

0.25

 1u|3u"A;C3$wG1E39| |19z3C3 C;1;|1>D/ <D/9|3|9|1 u113$


3EEA;;3 9;/9EA9$D/;6|3CJ;G11A3w&w|%w1/JC3A9C;9|AEA;
x 1 3uwk139|1u|3uJJ^/J^A313$$C&3$1u|3uz111u3;AC9/ 39
;31u$JC3|;3$J;/Q139|

 



 (*&(4"$% & ;" B (4" B .4  $ (*&




C19Jw|1uAu3ACQA11$Qu1; ^|31EN<E1|;1J;E3;Ar;A/J1;
|^/bsGEK$A331< % 1 ~A % 3[1 3u31|9|1 u11A/$;1b 9f|3A;1
zwKJ%|^9J$3C;1rA3>|3w|3

!A

1e+07
C-bar-k (SETM)
C-bar-k (AprioriTid)
C-k (AIS, SETM)
C-k (Apriori, AprioriTid)
L-k

Number of Itemsets

1e+06
100000
10000
1000
100
10

|31EN ;|1J;E3;A^A/1Pass
 uNumber
C c % ~A % 3-;|Au1  1 9Ke
%1D1A1;K Y139| $|1x3 w|33u|1 1|^;| uC $wQA;
1|;1u  JQ;|39 ;A/J1;>|uC3U 11A3EzC31K c Ue $9A1u  ;
31/9
Q9|33>A;1C3EuA/A/1 u 1
IJ'1w3 ;/ u113 C/1KQ;
1A/1|uC 9|>1139||JQ3uwz1 u Aw3ErAE@
/Ju"k;ArC1Aw|T3%C3";A|1r1 x3 w|3/u|1 EuD/ K/u|3  $9JC9Jw|A
1
1|u|3 x3  r;9|P ~13;|1>DE3 % 9 u113 % 9 u11331;C3u
$|rC;A3Cu|3^ % 1$1'3u1 3u|^1Ew|1^C1Au|9 %D3' x3  |} o'K3wk3
uuGwA1313A;  C39J A3 ;1AC1/J13AC/1K9J
1|CC1/
u|3 |3$A31;9|1 u11A/3E1<u113$C31KD/;A/J1;|uC|AC3u
|1;u|^$|191A; ;A/Cu|3A$$KAW3%|AC/u1QK1;E ;A3C/AD/1
;YY1  1;A 1313r1|;  9913EA;1331|  /K1r|1;u|3
$9A31; /u >$|3^E ;A3C/AE1rAu3AC^K; Au$ x3  ;AI1r/1
z Rk C yx u sJA Rw  R   EE
P " "> yHk E |K JLJK H $ | CHkRR  R u W Y
" IH   " IC $ u wR E u
yJACR w "   "EHkR  u kC " w $Rk u  "
w  E uP u "| Pw u  ; u w $rK H uE u ;C
uR| E   {R  H "wC yxu
 R  RC  sJ CR zw $
1

9

6

w|33E1$$C3>3J;3
%11/9$|JA;|$31 K>;9;A/J1;$AJ;$131uwz
;A|1|&%/uK AER sk3E"1/u YC319 "9;9QuwAu |E1uC3A'A3 c w
A; JY|QCEKu119AC  $|
 e t o;$3;9J3uC;39CE3u9C;;uJw|3
19| A339; "t |3A;3$1C 9||31i
K1wDEA3$11w|9u$3;A/J1;E
|uC31KEr91u|3u&E1A$31E  >J;E3u
1u|3uJJrwJuA31139|  x3 eEA; A1AJ;33 o;$3/1<1u|3u&;1
/J1;31 ;/Au91u|331 |39b ;9u|$;A/J1;A E1 ;AE3Cu|31
A3uIA/1r31 ;/Au69 x3 6kQu9|1  ;1u|36A/>D$9u|
A;A; x3 6A1u|3uJJJQwJu^9A|1;|$3 c i
e$^uE3 ;A/J1; ;1
A;7 39|u|13;9$3 13191A||E1;A/J1;3 A zr31/|u|3k919|3 x3 6
1u|3uJJI9K>13>Aw3ETu3E  $9A1/uJJI9K>13u= sk 3>A63 x3  3
w|9 w|9|1 e3
1u|3uJJA319JC>;1QA$|9J3CQA3%Y/1/u|;|Aw1 3u9^A3E;3
1u  oAC3"1u|3uJJJ3rR skCu|3>|J;A3u11|;  AC3Qw
C3A>1|;1Q1; A3u3&%KA/$ AAEA;1/uJJA; 1/u1| e
;"
A3^;A1/u|11u|3@;E1J;E3Q| A3|31r Yz &1 99u A
|331>JQ
1|1C1C1u|3@31u|3uJJ"uA@313;|13 b 9
1 9
D31;C3u '$|E ;A3C/c| % |/1 ~ ^9JE;|3k1u|3uu ;E A;1
1u|3uJJ"

9

B(* #"  [4

 





C3=A1$CJ;u|3$uD/;AC$A1$$3AuE3>A|1 u9KE1uJ1 1;$C1Au|9$|


1w|RD1 3u Ew|E ;A3C/A1; /u31 w|1DE3' wGEAw|r;Au$CAu/
3 91 3u 31 Y1TD/ Y3 9C/A;93P &@1KQ19C;1 C1AK
AC|;
   @ # @   %11;C3!E1Cw%EAw|C3AJu >;1rw|> ;AE3Cu|3A3 31
u/;3>u13Au|1;ku|3 A3Cu|3C/K YA1A;;k1Q9A;9 D/9JE
^CA3>A3139r1E9AC>|c/J|^1u33$1rE3 w; ~ |k1EuK1
9A;EKC$1; ~ ~ = ;Q A3Cu|3A$|r;r/ ;3Q1 ~h9&$1|Q;1<1 3u
wC  R 
w  - H" J"Q $ u QM H"  " "RC sJA NR u$C  " E  u  uyV  E KPnJ ; "
 &
Hk u   " " E  E& P u uu E " w C  J E " $   wQ|  k  E "W " E $vrK H u3W
H" nJ"!"u  uNJCR u "> E  A yJC Rw $ J ; .H & Q OPJuHkW zQE u k k
  " " u H C E5
H qJLJ   u k  E R  " C "> H yx u sJA  $  yx uR u "7H"
 ER E  {R  E "|  "  HkL J " "EPu u& !  R  wkRL JLJR|C " z1 H"   wR RAC
RCR R" "$


3ruYz1/9^ ~ -2{33QAD3E;ACQu9| %3$9J1;C3u$$QA/|6}oQK/


|31E ru1;1CC1/T;1'D/1w|33u|1W B %1 7u 33x3 ;A
1u|3uJJ"
A3D39JQ1; /u$1u|3u;Ar1u|3uJJ@;E31/9rE1u|/$z3u
3$r;A31u|z3uEA; x3 6

9
SETM
AIS
AprioriTid
Apriori

8
7

Time (sec)

6
5
4
3
2
1
0
2

1.5

0.75
0.5
0.25
Minimum Support

0.1

/1 xC1u|3u| % wEw|1;

 ;AE3Cu|3IE1KA 1 3u'D/E1Y3C9C/A;9C3AJu >;


|$/ 9r9rCAu3||1;|Y3 9%1;E3 w"; % 33 ~ |$1w3 ;3
|r;<C;A3Cu|3J1 ~ E;A1r;r3 w$;<1r/ A3Cu|3A@%1|r;
9J1 3uJP~K
2{AC;A3Cu|3|1uC/A@1; 3<C3A Q;Y$1>|Q/ 9K
CAu/D/1QC3A;9|^wk3 9 /31Kw|k91Q;QE3 wA; % 33 ~ |111$1
w3 ;/%Q' ;AE3Cu|3J1; % E$;A1Q;Q3CwA;& % 1= Y A3Cu|3A$1Q|
;9J1; /u$J= 2{h &@Q%C1u1; 3uC/3 63 9;A"
CAu$uAC/C3
%1C1C1u|3Iu|>31uu$T1; /u 1Y@||31;A % uCu|3C|3I13
A/1; /u "1u|3uJJJ|9|uJw|C3A; 9r1/u11>AC3>1@Er%C3|;3
|;u11A3E  33  3 991u|3u31AD3EE9>z3C/E ~ ;A;  x3  Kr
z3C3;;31 % 1 33 CAu31u|3uA; 9'z3C3;>31 x3  A3E ;A/
c w ;/13'u|1u|1u|3uk93E C39|
e;Au31339u11391Qu P
AQJ;/A;r1/Ju^A3E|3
Rk yx wR R u$|C  {RrW Y  E 1J J>C u C
 E "C Q ; " QLr S|}sU $Rk
RC QLr S|}sUH u $|Pw u "  }   uC H u  w ^xuR u 2Pu C  JK H u
 
 |})r  u  $Rk ^x RCR | t  ; |  JK H uA  " ; "$ Q S|}OPU P  w
E1 w  uQ " E $  w uk|CCR> J E  "  E " " u$ u $


 @

 - 

18000

5000
SETM
AIS
AprioriTid
Apriori

4500
4000

14000

3500

12000
Time (sec)

Time (sec)

AIS
AprioriTid
Apriori

16000

3000
2500
2000

10000
8000
6000

1500
4000

1000

2000

500
0
0.1

|31 x1C1u|3^u| 63 9


0.05

0.025
Minimum Support

0.01

1.5

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

|31 % xC1/^u| CAu

0.25

B %2' $#", B % $  ,$%+




z131C;6@Ar1^;rw|33E1|w1rA3;31; 16/1 %% u1;>1


C1C1u|3u|$31u|3u;A1u|3TD3/ sk9A3u;311; 3u % 1 ~A % /-3
1;u|A391u|399$$A;1/uJJ" o;/31u|3uJJr; 1u|3u"|
A32
&@3Au3IJ;CJ;u|3rAAw/|331r/11; 3uC1E3u3D/9JEIJ3
;;W$1u|3;Ar1u|3uJJAu>1  ;A/J1;E31 u|3^11C91;A1C3C319
1;|u >z@E1J;QA3"191AQ;;A/J1;| Q9AC c u1|;
 3Q1u|3u;A1u|3uJJ6/1`
-e D
o;/"1/uuuC |1Q3 ;AE3Cu|3|
1^1;C;A3u3 E1r31A;A" ;E1 EA;;19|161^1; ;A/u31u|3uJJ ;A er3
31 Y9|111A3C319 ;A1r| 7rA3'AC3^uw|A;61r%E11;C;A3u3
&1^1  uC;`
A$|^331$91/3|AC1Q1CKu;&u|u|11 /

14
Apriori
AprioriTid

12

Time (sec)

10
8
6
4
2
0

|31E %% A/$C1C1u|3^u|%;1u|3u;APass


r#1u|3uJJ c % 1 ~A % /-3|Au1  1 9Ke
{$3^/TE1u3AuEY;u|3AWk$;@9|39K1uJ@Y/3u|1^9J@$w1u|3uo91uJ"
1

A;Au1/u&|1'9|uJwA/u;A^u%C11u|31r|QC1AC A1  e
;1A&1A3%$ A|r/3r &@A1;;$|111uJu; 7Q$39J A
|^31>1CA31>Ar;1C19A3E1$QAw3Q1 C/1K %;E1 ;A/J1;
| 913
9J1$Quu|;EQA;$1| eQ$39JAw3QA|A/A31 ;E"%9
|39|/ 1;J c  ;A/J1; U16  11A3 c Ue K1A;E ;A3C/AR e  7|r9JA33
uY1313^ED A%331;ArE1Q$D$$J;E3;A/J1;%|^1C19A3$EA;r1
1/|3AA/9$u$| E^1u|3uJJ"$1J;C3A/|u|3rJ319rw3;Jru%C9|11 e
|^1C1EKA3 A 3E11 e'1Q1C1A3$13
3%C9|1Q31u|3uAQ1u|3uJJ99|93;|3QCKuQu1$A&$9EJ9Qu$| E3
1u|3u&1u|3;1QA;1 9^A/z1 c  % ezA3AYD AA/|1r1;A/J1;E
|uCC/K Y1|^' ;A/Cu|3k9$wJuA/311C|Q  c u1Q9Cu|1u|3
;1u|3uJJ |3Cu|3 = e @$9A>1J;IC1 CK|AC1E6|I9JA/>CJ;u|3r
uAu
119|1r1u|3uzQzJ39|r|1 c  Z ezrA3A;$ 3CEAwu ;E119|1^1u|3uJJ"Q$9A
1;1rJ;E3 c  % ezR|u "3Q1 c  = ezz;A/J1;Ek$$|AC11CKuQ;u$| E91
$|1313u|1;9;E1w3|1K$A|11/uJJ"
|31E % u1;$1QuD/;ACQ;1u|3u o91uJCJ;u|3>1u|3;Ar1u|3uJJD3%3
1; /u 1u|3u oK1Au3%AA;1/uk|@w|KuY3uW 3 % 1 % 3- $|
% u11A3E1u|3z o91uJI9K|u|$3 uEA;@1u|3u%ACrE1A3<69JE1ru$| E
1C1I3>1J3 A/ $1u|3u o91uJ 9A>|AC1IE1^CKu;u$| E91$|131Y|C|1
1A1R AC31 wz"139;;KC;3;1u|3u o91uJY/1u|3u9AA1>31YE1;
1  9E|11J;>A3u  YA<J;319u1u|@1A@A1@A3>;
;1119/k1$$&13$KYrAErKA|11/u o91uJ|ACQAuQ1u|3uJJ39|3
u13Eu|u|wDE1u$| EkQ$9JA;A1A1$|1K
6CAu;A31 ~ % /-
1; /u 1Q31A;A"9E1J'3 39AY9E|1Q|r1Q| e391u|3uJJ^;rA
3>9|YD1u$| EkA;Ar/9 K|1;39;AQ31 Y1|^1>CC1u|3u|3

9

19

 

(      $  &'"




|31 % 6u1;1Ye1u|3uo91uJY13191 r; A3Cu|3AJACE3u 3


% 3 33> % |36 ;AE3Cu|3A&@>Au1C39Au|3A c 1 =e c % 1 ~he ;A c 31 ~ e3
1w3 3|C;A3Cu|3A;A|u uCu|3C|3$31A ;C$$Q1;3
311; |^&9Q1$1;k11; 3 3 % '|3rC;A3Cu|3A$33[  {
~K/- 2{
;A33[  { uAC/C3%1 9|111A3|3C3u^1b 9%1 C1C1u|3@Q;
13w6%E@uC E^1u|3>1 % 313/C;A3Cu|361; 3uC|E1K
A 3 1;A
 u  RR u E sJ! ; R PnJ$oww yxE J9   u H" JR J!"W I 9  7P E u H" 
RCR R" " EkC k R E W Y 
J EQ R 1 " E KP $

A

!A

 

$A

6/ 9

6CAu

700

1100
AprioriTid
Apriori
AprioriHybrid

600

900
800
Time (sec)

500
Time (sec)

AprioriTid
Apriori
AprioriHybrid

1000

400
300
200

700
600
500
400
300
200

100

100
0
0.1

0
0.05

0.025
Minimum Support

0.01

1.5

% 1 % 3 -

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.25

% 1 ~A % / -

40

55
AprioriTid
Apriori
AprioriHybrid

35

AprioriTid
Apriori
AprioriHybrid

50
45

30

40

25

35

Time (sec)

Time (sec)

20
15

30
25
20
15

10

10
5

0
2

1.5

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.33

0.25

1.5

3 ~A % 3 -

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.33

0.25

31 ~ % / -
700

200

AprioriTid
Apriori
AprioriHybrid

500
Time (sec)

150
Time (sec)

AprioriTid
Apriori
AprioriHybrid

600

100

400
300
200

50
100
0

0
2

1.5

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

0.33

0.25

1.5

0.75
0.5
Minimum Support

|31 % x1C1u|3^u| 1/uo91uJ|33E1


~

0.33

0.25

$|EuACQ1 %
|3r ;AE3Cu|31; 31uC3A"Qu1;k;E1CC1/u|Ew|
/9EQ|1;u|3
12

14
T20.I6
T10.I4
T5.I2

10

T20.I6
T10.I4
T5.I2

12

Relative Time

Relative Time

10
8
6
4

8
6
4

2
0
100

2
0
250

500
750
Number of Transactions (in 000s)

1000

2.5

7.5

|31 % |1 ; ;AE3Cu|3AYNumber


1 of Transactions (in Millions)

45

10

30
T20.I6
T10.I4
T5.I2

40

500
750
1000

25

35
20
Time (sec)

Time (sec)

30
25
20
15

15
10

10
5
5
0
1000

0
2500

5000
7500
Number of Items

10000

10

20
30
Transaction Size

40

50

|31 % ~ |1;EEw|1
|31 % ;A/Cu|3T|w|1
|C1A$>C ;11;1u|3zo91uJ@w|1$|^191A;|&@Q|AC31
91 $;k|3 % 33' % 1333$11A; ;uEu|1K$ 1u1 % 3[3 % 1 ~A % /-
;A631 ~ % 3- 31A;  'E1r;/Q3>11 |I&;9|^1H
&@C;C1
AK D3|9|1 u11A/;1b 9&;A631Cw|161Eu9| u1;|/1 % ~A@$1
C1C1u|3u|9CE3u^ ||AC1/ ;3Qu11A/3r| 9C3u3$$Q|AC3
1Q91A;&|$9Ju9||D$J;3'Eu A"11AC31z3uEC1C1u|3u|
|Aw|3k$'93u9;1w|13$Q|AC31w3 ;3QE ;A3C/3>$1w| ;
9JC1Au|93ru1Y311;CuEAC1w|$|1C;A3Cu|3|3"|A9AA99
;Q31>z3C3 '|3^E1r1K1Jw1; ;A3|;A61r91 J;3| Q
&@r/11

A

19Jw|;$11; ;A3 E3139|TC3A ;9QK39|1^1119AC;$1w3 ;3> ;AE3Cu|3


|^;AE191A; ;AE3Cu|3AC/Au ;9^$1K1A; ;A/Cu|3AQ 133/313/
3E1 1; A3u%ETw3 ;/Q ;A/Cu|3T| 313/>D/11; ;A/u$|@;w3 ;3
 A3Cu|3r| /19|11|9| 1eu11A3E%/> CKC;3/9Aw3EQJ;3|AC3u
|r1Q91 ;kJ;E3|u 31QE ;A3C/||AC3"|ACQ1Q1E3A;9ur;Q|u
AC|1>1u9C;A3Cu|3'J3139|1E3A3Eu|3Aw1Q1E ;A3C/3r &@$1ECD3Et 111
|9|1 11A3|3C";k191 $;C;A3Cu|3AW%1u9| $;u1;||31E % 1
$1>K1AC$|^E13 c 3A 33Z eECD9J|9| 1 u113$Qu1;k1E1C1C1u|3u|
|AC3u$|1C;A3Cu|3|3"11Q39|^3C39Aw|3<%1 w|TE3u3D31>|AC3u3A;
|u9|;<u11|9|1 u11A/>IEQ1K1A; ;A/Cu|3A1K1A;
J;3>| |AC3$||AC31 ;AE3Cu|3|13kC3A1;33%/A AA/1
1;A/J1;E1K$|@> ;AE3Cu|3r93r>Eu|3EQu|3

' #$ *k '  ** k+ 

&@1u96u$^1 w|33u|11u|3u;A1u|3"3/ECY/u|1w|39b;K3u1E|
;u|39|uE|I31;C;A3u A3Cu|3A @
& C3A;1w|33u|1Q
11/|3A|@91YY/3u|1"E1 6EK3;1;Ax 3 pQo K3ww|3/u|1P
& 1EuKE

C1Au|9 wku9| WKA13u991uJAYR1; 19u1;$|1A;11/AKuw|33E1


w|w>31u3Ec;A x3 6$1rAu3;ACrK;6|AC3I$|I1r1E39| |3;A
;1/3 z3C3>;1ED3uw%1E39|3EA;/ 9;;39|A93>3
139|W
&%1Y$1;I1AuD;E1;k1u$1E3AKw|33u|1;C39|1|9 991uJ
w|33E1^w|1/u o91uJ"9J 1AC31w|33u|1 ; E1;JC^3E91E39|^
Kw|16Cu|KCu1;$rA1u|3u oK1uJ6w||1;u|@%ETE1 91AQ;$ ;AE3Cu|3A
z^/1//kA1C1C1u|3^u|9CE3u'|u| 3%191Ak||^E1<1;C;A3u|AC3u
Q$1Q/ ;3 ;AE3Cu|3r|Q|AC3u c 9|39|11<1 ;A3uQ| C/Au ;96 e /1QCC1/
u||AC3u/9Q/ 39Aw|3$1uCu|9 9/Au ;E13|9u;AA|1Q1u|3u oK1uJ
|^Y;19J;u|3A%93;|/|1r331; A3u
%1w|3/u|11K|I9JAAAw3A6|9|9 3Iu3 w1;C^EAK|/u|
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