Example of LISAM Analysis (Questioning Skills)

Lesson 1
FACTUAL
Yes-No Question
Short Answer
(YNQ)

Question (SAQ)

HIGHER COGNITIVE
Comparison
Opinion Question
Question (CNQ)

(ONQ)

-------

Total = 4

Total = 15

Total = 0

% YNQ =

% SAQ =

% CNQ =

= 15.3 %
4
Total % of Factual
Question
26 x 100%
= 15.3 % + 57.7 %

Total = 7
0%

% ONQ =

= 57.7 %
= 27
7 %
15
Total % of Factual Question
26 x 100%
26 x 100%
= 0 % + 27 %

= 73 %
= 27 %
Benchmark : Freiberg & Driscoll (1992), a balance of 70-30 percent, or 60-40 percent
between factual questions (yes-no and short answer) and high cognitive questions (comparison
and opinion)

Example of LISAM Analysis (Wait-Time)

Lesson 1

* An asterisk (*) is marked for the wait-time provided for students to answer each highorder question.
No.

Wait-Time (s)

1
1.2 (minimum)
2
2.1
3
1.3
4
2.0
5
1.7
6
2.8*
7
2.4
8
3.5*
9
1.5
10
3.0*
11
2.8
12
2.9*
13
3.0
14
2.7*
15
1.9
16
2.3
17
2.1
18
1.9
19
2.0
20
2.6
21
1.8
22
1.4
23
3.2*
24
3.7* (maximum)
25
1.8
26
2.2
Benchmark:

Average Wait Time (s)

Average of Wait-Time =
Total Value of Wait-Time Used
_____________________________
Frequency of Wait-Time Used
1.2 + 2.1 + 1.3 + 2.0 + 1.7 + 2.8 + 2.4 + 3.5 + 1.5
+ 3.0 + 2.8 + 2.9 + 3.0 + 2.7 + 1.9 + 2.3 + 2.1 +
1.9 + 2.0 + 2.6 + 1.8 + 1.4 + 3.2 + 3.7 + 1.8 +2.2
_______________________________________
26
= 2.3 s

Wait Time- wait 3 to 5 seconds before students

respond to the question
(Rowe, 1986; Tobin, 1983)