The Irrawaddy

Weekly

Journal

Vol.1, No.6, February 9 , 2014

NEWS & ANALYSIS

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News & Analysis

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Vol.1, No.6

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The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No. 6 February 9, 2014

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News & Analysis

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

History

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News & Analysis

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

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News & Analysis

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Sanction

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The Irrawaddy

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News & Analysis

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Corruption

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The Irrawaddy

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News & Analysis

Page 7 -

Vol.1, No.6

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What Does the Future Hold for
Aung Thaung & Sons ?
By Seamus Martov

News & Analysis

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Military

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10

News & Analysis

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

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News & Analysis 11

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6
Labour

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12

News & Analysis

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Refugees

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News & Analysis 13

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

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16

Special Report

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

"mwfyHkrsm; - a*sydkif^The Irrawaddy

Rule of Law

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Special Report 17

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

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18

Special Report

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

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Special Report 19

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Politics

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22

Business

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Development

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Business 23

The Irrawaddy

"mwfyHkrsm; - cifOD;om^The Irrawaddy

Vol.1, No.6

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24

Business

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Interview

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The Irrawaddy
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Medium Enterprises - SMEs) rnfodkYrQ tqifoifh rjzpf
ao;ay/ ,ckrS pwifvyk af qmifvQiaf omfrQ tcsed f tawmf
vifhaeNyDjzpfonf/

- udkpdk;? EdkifpGrf;? Edkifrif;oGif? oGef;ESif;tdrf?

at;oD&dpdef
tBuD;wef;owif;axmuf - &efydkif? vif;oefY? cifOD;om? ausmfc?
oef;xdkufOD;? paevif;? opfaerdk;?
xufEdkifaZmf? jrwfpkrGef? arc? arppfydkif?
eef;qdkifEGrf? olZm? jrwfolatmif?
qvdkif;oefYpif

'DZdkif;
rsufESmzHk; okyfazmf

- auxufpH? umBuD;
- pdkif;pdk;Munf

refae*sm (csif;rdkifHk;csKyf) - 0if;ol

winthu@irrawaddy.org

refae*sm (&efukefHk;)

- NzdK;olxuf

Hk;twGif;a&;rSL;

- td0ifhol

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aMumfjim&SmazGa&; refae*sm - Zmenf0if;

aMumfjimtzGJU
- csKdZif0if;? at;oEm
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09 421142132

xkwfvkyf^jzefYcsda&;tzGJU
jzefYcsda&;qufoG,f&ef

- aZmfxGef;? odef;ausmf?
atmifausmfaZm? &efEdkifxGef;
- 09 420 164393, 09 310 92959,
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qufoG,f&e f(csif;rdkifHk;csKyf)-

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Office, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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qufoG,f&ef (&efukefHk;) - trSw197?

f
'kwd,xyf?
32 vrf; (tay:)?
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01 388521, 01 389762

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q&mpH&yfuGuf? A[ef;NrdKUe,f

jrefrmbmom0ufbfqdkuf
http://burma.irrawaddy.org

t*Fvdyfbmom0ufbfqdkuf
http://irrawaddy.org

tywfpOfxkwfvTifhaeaom 'dwfvdkif;{&m0wD
http://video.irrawaddy.org

jrefrmbavmh*f
http://blog.irrawaddy.org

abmvHk; awmfvSefa&; qifETJoifhNyD

pm-32

EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; tm;vHk; . . .

pm-34

31

Reform

EdkifiHom;awG vrf;ay:wufvmr,f
aZmfrif;

cJhwJh ESpfESpfausmf
oHk;ESpfumvupvdkY
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jrif&ygw,f/

NyD;

wleD;&Sm;EkdifiHuae tD*spfEkdifiHudk jzwfoef;

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hJ maMumihf vlwcsKUd aoqH;k cJ&h
wm &ufykdif;yJ &dSygao;w,f/

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udk trSefwu,f cHpm;pHpm;&wJh EkdifiHom;u
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uyfuyf ul;vl;qufqH a&mif;0,fazmufum;Mu

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wuf vmayr,hf Ekid if o
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t0if urmEh idk if H trsm;tjym;rSmvnf;tvm;wl
jzpfyGm;aeygw,f/ usaemfwkdY&JU a'owGif;udk
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wckjzpfwJh xkdif;EdkifiH[m vlOD;a& 64 oef;ausmf
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vufxJrSm a&mufaew,fvdkY ajymEkdifygw,f/
wzufrmS jyefMunh&f ifvnf; xkid ;f Ekid if rH mS <u,f0
csrf;omrIqdkwJh tusKd;&v'fudk cHpm;ae&wmu
tJ'D vl 2 oef;vdYk ajym&ifvnf; rSm;r,frxifyg
bl;/ wcg tmPm&xkid ;f tpd;k &udk Munhrf ,fq&kd if
tpdk;&xJrSm &dSaewJh 0efBuD;OD;a& oHk;yHkwyHk[m
rDvsHemvdkYac:wJh oef;<u,folaX; tqihftxd
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jrefrmEdik if u
H tmPm& tpd;k &t0ef;t0kid ;f
twGif;rSm xdyfykdif;upvdkY wcsKdUaom0efBuD; 0ef
uav;rsm;? wcsKUd aom ygvDreftrwfrsm; usu
d sd
wufcsrf;omw,fqdkwm tm;vHk;todyg/ cdkeD
vdYk vlord sm;wJh olw&Ykd UJ pD;yGm;zufawG csr;f omae
wm[mvnf; aMumufcref;vdvdyg/ jrefrmjynf
Page 33

32

Opinion

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

"mwfyHk -a*sydkif^The Irrawaddy

Soccer

qD;*drf;wGif y&dowftm;ay;oavmuf jrefrmabmvHk;toif; c&D;raygufcJhay/

abmvHk;awmfvSefa&; qifETJoifhNyD
cifarmifaxG;(ysOf;rem;)
ckESpf arvwGif jrefrmtrsKd;om;vd*f (MNL) aMu;pm;wef; ]]Pro}} abmvHk;NydKifyGJrsm;ukd toif; 8 oif;jzifh
pwifcJhonf/ NydKifyGJ pwifusif;ypOfurl tm;ay;MunfhIonfh y&dowf txl;yifrsm;onf/ Pro qkdonfukd
vufawGU Munhv
f ?dk jrifvMkd uojzifh vnf;aumif;? &efuek w
f iG f abmvH;k yGaJ umif;rsm; r&SMd uojzifh vnf;aumif;? ok0PuiG ;f ?
uGif;jynfhuGif;vQHonftxd tm;ay;cJhMuonf/

2009

ok&Yd mwGif abmvH;k &moD w&moDyif rcHyg/

rlvtwdik ;f 'H&k if;? 'H&k if;okYd jyefa&mufomG ;onf/
y&dowfrsm; pdwf0ifpm;rI enf;oGm;&jcif;rSm
jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f zGUJ pnf;wnfaxmif ,SONf yKd iaf eMu
onfh aMu;pm;wef; abmvHk;toif;rsm;rSm Pro
[lonfh trnfc,
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taysmw
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orm; trsm;pkrmS Xmeqkid &f m taysmw
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toif;rsm;wGif upm;aeMuolrsm;om jzpfonf/
jynfyrS iSm;&rf;cJhonfh aMu;pm; abmvHk;
orm;rsm;rSmvnf; tdrfeD;em;csif;? rav;&Sm;?
xkid ;f ? pifumyl? tif'edk ;D &Sm; Ekid if w
H iG f upm;aeMu
onfh aMu;pm;wef; abmvHk;orm;rsm; jzpfMu
onf/ aMu;pm;wef; urmhtqifhESifh qkdvQif
pwkwwef;? wwd,wef; tqifhavmufom
&SdMuonf/

*syefEikd if w
H iG f a*sv*d pf wifpOfu urmausmf
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(t*Fvef)? Zpfudk (b&mZD;) ponfwu
Ykd dk aps;ac:
vufzGJUrsm;ozG,f toHk;jyKcJhMuonf/
jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifh aps;ac:aMu;pm;wef;
abmvH;k orm;rsm;uko
d ;kH csiMf uaomfvnf; jrefrm
aps;uGut
f & aMu;u acgifcu
kd af eonf/ rwwf
EdkifMuyg/ odkYjzpf EkdifiHjcm;om; abmvHk;orm;
rsm; ygvQifNyD;a&m oabmrsKd;jzifh &&m aMu;pm;
wef; abmvHk;orm;rsm;ukd iSm;&rf;chJMuonf/
t*Fvef? pydef? tDwvDESifh *smreDEkdifiHrS
abmvH;k yGrJ sm;ESi,
hf Ofyg;aeMuaom jrefrmabmvH;k
y&dowfudk jrefrm taysmw
f rf;abmvH;k orm;rsm;
ESihf Edik if w
H umwGif wwd,wef;tqifah vmuf&dS
onfh Ekid if jH cm;om;rsm; yg0ifupm;aeonfh MNL
ukd tm;ay;ol wjznf;jznf; edrfhusvmcJh&onf/

jrefrm taysmw
f rf; abmvH;k avmurS aMu;
pm;abmvH;k tqifo
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toif; pDrcH efcY t
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abmvHk;tzGJUcsKyf aumfrwD0ifrsm;onf ]]Professional System}} ukd prf;w0g;0g;jzifh pwifcJh
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trSefu jrefrmEkdifiHwGif Pro tqifhodkY
abmvHk;tm;upm;enf; ul;ajymif;&mwGif jref
vGef;tm;BuD;onf/ NyD;awmh aemufusaeonf/
jrefrmEkdifiH abmvHk;tzGJUcsKyf Ou| wm0efukd
OD;aZmfaZmfu 2006^2007 abmvHk;&moDwGif
pwif&,lcJhonf/ jrefrmEkdifiH abmvHk;tzGJUcsKyf
opf vufxufwiG f jrefrmabmvH;k avmu aMu;
pm;wef;pepfoYdk ajymif;vJa&; pwifjyifqifonf/
2008 ckEpS w
f iG f Ekid if aH wmfu cGijhf yKonf/ 2009

ckEpS w
f iG f aMu;pm;wef; pepfpwif usio
hf ;kH onf/
vGefa&muRHa&m 3 ESpf twGif;wGif jrefrmEkdifiH
ESpfaygif; 100 ausmf ckdifNrJvsuf&Sdonfh taysmf
wrf;pepfudk z,f&mS ;vku
d jf cif;jzpfonf/ abmvH;k
avmuom; tm;vHk;twGuf tawGUtBuHKopf
jzpfaeonf/ tm;vHk; aMu;pm;wef;qkdonfrSm
'Dvkdygvm;[k odMuonfh tqifhom&Sdonf/
1 ESpfwmumv (2008-2009) twGif;
aMu;pm;wef;pepf ul;ajymif;a&;twGuf aeY
rtm;? nrtm;qko
d vkd aqmif&u
G cf o
hJ nf/ wcg
w&H pnf;a0;yGrJ sm; waeYwnf; 3 Burd q
f ufwu
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usif;yjcif;rsm;vnf; &SdcJhonf/
trSeu
f awmh taysmw
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cJhMuonfh abmvHk;ESifhywfoufol (rD'D,mrsm;
tygt0if) tm;vH;k Pro pepfudk ausnufatmif
em;vnfonftxd avhvmoifMum; qnfyl;Mu
Ny;D aemufrS abmvH;k avmuukd taysmw
f rf;pepfrS
aMu;pm;wef;pepfokdY ul;ajymif;oihfonf/ tck
awmh jrefveG ;f tm;Bu;D aeonf? apmvGe;f tm;Bu;D
aeonf/
jrefrmEkdifiHtaejzifh jrefvGef;? apmvGef;ae
onf[k qkad omfvnf; tm&Stqifrh mS yif aES;ae
ao;onf/ aemufusaeao;onf/

Opinion 33

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Page 31 - EdkifiHom;awG

jrefrmabmvHk;avmu wkd;wufa&;udk trSefwu,f

aqmif&GufMurnfqkdygu tm;upm;awmfvSefa&;vrf;pOfukd
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34

Opinion

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Dateline Irrawaddy

EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om; tm;vHk;
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The Irrawaddy

2013

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Opinion 35

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

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40

Lifestyle

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Society

"mwfyHkrsm; - a*sydkif^The Irrawaddy

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Lifestyle 41

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

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42

Lifestyle

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Family

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The Irrawaddy
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Lifestyle

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

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Lifestyle 45

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6
Mandalay Sketch

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46

Lifestyle

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Youth

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Lifestyle 47

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6
Trends

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48

Lifestyle

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Event

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The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

50

Lifestyle

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

Entertainment

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The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

The Irrawaddy
Weekly

Vol.1, No. 6, February 9, 2014

Journal

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The Irrawaddy
Vol.1, No.6

B
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The Irrawaddy

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Ethnics

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The Irrawaddy
Weekly

Vol.1, No. 6, February 9, 2014

Journal

A
Politics

IN BRIEF

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w,f/

The Irrawaddy

Peace

KIA ? TNLA wyfrsm;ESifh tpdk;&wyftMum;

wdkufyGJrsm; qufvuf jzpfyGm;ae

ucsifjynfe,fESifh &Srf;jynfe,f ajrmufydkif;
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onf/
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KIA wyfzGJU0ifrsm;ESifh tpkd;&wyfwdkYonf Zefe
0g&D 31 &ufrS azazmf0g&D 1 &uftxd Aef;armf
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wGif opfarSmifcdkupd E iS fh wku
d yf jJG zpfymG ;cJah Mumif;
ucsif Nird ;f csr;f a&; azmfaqmifa&; aumfrwDrS
OD;vrdkif*Gef*smu {&m0wDodkY ajymonf/
opfarSmifcdkrsm; w&m;r0ifwifydkYrnfh opf
wefcsdef 900 ESifh opfwifum; 21 pD;ay:rS opf
wefcsed f 600 udk tpd;k &bufrS zrf;rdxm;aMumif;
od&onf/
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eJY wku
d yf jJG zpfwmyg/ tao;pdwu
f awmh rodao;
bl;/ typftcwf &yfpJa&; r,lao;oa&GUawmh
atmufajcrSmawmh tenf;tusOf;awmh wkdufyJG
awG jzpfaeOD;rSmyg}}[k OD;vrkid *f eG *f smu qko
d nf/
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tajcpkduf vlrIa&;tzGJUtpnf;rS udkaemf'if;u
vnf; ]]wdkufyGJu awmfawmfMumw,f/ w&uf
eD;yg; ygyJ/ jynfoal wGuakd wmh bmrS rxdcu
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tvm;wl &Sr;f jynfe,fajrmufyikd ;f yavmif
(wtmif;) trsK;d om; vGwaf jrmufa&; wyfrawmf
ESifh tpdk;&ppfwyfonf azazmf0g&Dv 3 &ufaeY
eHeufyikd ;f wGif rd;k ukwNf rKd Ue,f at;om,m&GmteD;
wGif wkdufyGJrsm; xyfrHjzpfyGm;cJhaMumif; TNLA
jyefMum;a&;XmerS rdkif;tdkufausmfu qkdonf/
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jrifhzkdYyJ &Sdw,f/ usaemfwkdYu rl;,pfwkdufzsufzdkY
oGm;aecsed rf mS olweYdk YJ xdyw
f u
dk af wGUawmh tpk;d &
wyftaeeJY t&SdefravQmh&if xyfjzpfrSmyg}} [k
rdkif;tkdufausmfu ajymqkdonf/
TNLA pd;k rk;d onfa
h 'orsm;jzpfaom rk;d rdw?f
rkd;ukwf? erwl? uGwfckdif? refwHkESifh erfhcrf;NrdKUrsm;
wGif bde;f cif;rsm;udk t"duzsuq
f ;D cJNh y;D bde;f pku
d f
ysK;d olrsm;udk bde;f tpm;xd;k taejzifh ESr;f ? ajymif;zl;
ponfh oD;ESHrsm; axmufyHhay;aeaMumif; od&
onf/
&Srf;jynfe,f ajrmufydkif; erhfcrf;NrdKUe,f
twGif;vnf; ,aeY aeYv,f 1 em&DrS pwif
yavmif(wtmif;) wkid ;f &if;om;rsm;onf rl;,pf
aq;0g; yaysmufa&;twGuf pDwef; qEjyrIrsm;
jyKvyk af eaMumif; yavmifausmif;om;ESiv
fh il ,f
rsm;tzGJUrS udkrdkif;&SdefxGef;u {&m0wDodkY ajym
onf/
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vli,fawmfawmfrsm;rsm; aq;oHk;pGJvmNyD; a'o

"mwfyHk - ausmfc^The Irrawaddy

eef;qkdifEGrf

TNLA wyfom;rsm;/

zGUH NzKd ;rI tvGet

f m;enf; vmwJt
h wGuf 'Dvq
dk Ejy
rIawG jyKvkyf&wmyg}} [k udkrdkif;&SefxGef;u qdk
onf/
TNLA u Nir
d ;f csr;f a&; aqG;aEG;&eftwGuf
tpdk;&bufu urf;vSrf;vmrnfqdkygu tqif
oihfjzpf&ef aqmif&GufaeaMumif;? vwfwavm
taejzifh rl;,pfaq;0g; wdkufzsufa&;udkom
t"du aqmif&Gufaeojzifh tpdk;&wyfESifh xdyf
wku
d af wGUrnfqykd gu wku
d yf rJG sm;tcsed rf a&G;xyfrH
jzpfEikd o
f jzifh tpd;k &taejzifh ppfut
kd &Sed af vQmah y;
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d m;aMumif; rkid ;f tku
d af usmu
f vnf;
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tcwf &yfpJa&; ndEdIif;a&;tzGJU (NCCT) u

OD;aqmifNyD; wdkif;&if;om;rsm;oabmwl a&;qGJ

onfh typftcwf&yfpaJ &; rlMurf;udk avmfc;D vm
wdkif;&if;om; nDvmcHodkY wufa&mufvmonfh
wdkif;&if;om; vufeufudkif tzGJUrsm;u vufcH
oabmwlxm;aMumif; od&onf/
tpdk;& Nidrf;csrf;a&; azmfaqmifa&; aumf
rwDrS a'gufwm rif;aZmfOD;u ]]vwfwavm
wkdufyGJawG jyefjzpfwmuawmh t"du taejzifh
typftcwf&yfpJa&; jzpfzkdYvkdw,f/ vuf&Sdawmh
wEkid if v
H ;kH typftcwf&yfpaJ &;udk t"du OD;pm;
ay; vkyaf eawmh wzGUJ csi;f eJY aqG;aEG;zdaYk emufus
aew,f/ yHkrSefawmh pum;ajymjzpfMuygw,f}}
[k {&m0wDodkY ajymonf/

Land Confiscation

acsmif;omurf;ajc wyfydkifajr usL;ausmfol 200 ausmf w&m;pJGcH&

qvdkif;oefYpif
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urf;ajc&Sd vuf&Sd wyfydkifajrrsm;ay: usL;ausmf
onf[laom a'ocH 200 ausmfudk taemuf
awmifwkid f; ppfXmecsKyf (ewc) u ydkifeuf usL;
vGefrIjzifh w&m;pGJqdkxm;aMumif; od&onf/
xdka'ocHrsm;udk ydkifeufusL;vGefrI yk'fr
447 jzifh ykord Nf rKd Ue,f w&m;k;H w&m;pJq
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jcif;jzpfaMumif;? w&m;pGcJ &H olrsm;onf usL;ausmf
aexdkifol 209 OD;ESifh rlv ajrydkif&Sifrsm;\ om;
orD; 13 OD; yg0ifaMumif; w&m;pGcJ &H olrsm;uajym
onf/
ykord Nf rKd Ue,f a&Taomif,H NrKd Ue,fcGJ acsmif;
om aus;&Gm&Sd wyfyikd af jr 33 'or 96 {uay:
wGif rlvajrydik &f iS rf sm;u NcpH nf;d;k rsm; um&HcNhJ y;D
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eHygwf 59^2012? jypfrI eHygwf 56^2013
wdkYjzifh vufcHtrIzGifhxm;jcif; jzpfonf/

acsmif;om aus;&Gm&Sd tke;f NcEH iS hf v,fajrrsm;

udk ykodrfcdkif tkyfcsKyfa&;rSL; AdkvfrSL; &ifpdefu
1996 ckESpfwGif odrf;,lcJhNyD; wyfydkif {nfh&dyfom
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ewc odYk vTaJ jymif;ay;tyfcjhJ cif;jzpfaMumif; od&
onf/
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usyf EIe;f om avsmaf Mu;ay;cJah Mumif;? acsmif;om
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