Chapter 1 : Atoms, Molecules , Stoichiometry 1.

Relative atomic mass = Average mass of one atom of the element compared to 1/12 the mass of one atom. Atomic mass unit = 1/12 * mass of one atom C-12 2. Eg : The mass of one atom of C-12 is Relative mass of one atom C-12 = 12a.m.u. 12 a.m.u. = g 1 a.m.u. =( 1/12 ) = g .What is the mass in 1 a.m.u ?

3. Relative isotopic mass Mass of one atom of the isotopes relative to (1/12) times the mass of one atom of C12
( )

4. Eg : element oxygen : O-16 , O-17 , O-18 in ratio of 99.76 : 0.04 : 0.20 Calculate the relative atomic mass of oxygen RAM = 5. Isotopes Similarities No. of proton No. of electron Electron configuration Chemical Properties Differences Nucleon no. Relative mass density Rate of diffusion = 16.0044

6. Unstable isotopes => radioactive isotopes Process : radioactive decay Reproduce 3 type of radiation : alpha , beta , gamma 7. alpha Charge :+2 Stopped by ; paper beta -1 Thin aluminum gamma 0 Block of lead

8. 9.

C-12 is used as standard : C-12 exists in many substances Easily identified East to handle

10. To calculate relatice atomic mass Mass Cl-35 Cl-37 intensity 7.6 2.4

Relative abundance of Cl-35 and Cl-37 =

5 % %

=35.5

11. Mole : 1 mol of substance contain

particles

Avogadros Constant, NA 12. Mole of gases 12.1 Avogadros law states that under some condition of temperature and pressure, equal volume of gases contain equal number of moles. 12.2 At std temperature and pressure (273 K , 1 atm , 1 mol of all gases will occupy a volume of 22.4 dm3 12.3 Under room condition ( 298K , 1 atm , 1 mol of all gases occupy 24.0dm3

13. mole and solution number of moles =

m= molarity (moldm-3) ; v = volume (cm3) volume

no of moles of a solute =molarity molarity =