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Study Guide
Complete the study on the Digital Microwave Communications Principles or have the relevant knowledge.
Complete the study on the course OptiX RTN 600 Introduction. Have the general networking knowledge of the SDH optical transmission network.
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References
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Training Purpose
Describe the network application of the OptiX RTN 600. List the common networking modes of the OptiX RTN 600. List the service types and protection schemes supported by the OptiX RTN 600.
Describe the configuration requirements of the OptiX RTN 600 on each protection scheme.
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Table of Contents
1. Network Applications and Networking Modes of the OptiX RTN 600 2. Service Protection and Equipment Protection Schemes of the OptiX RTN 600
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Network Application
The system provides multiple service interfaces, and it can be flexibly configured and easily installed. It can form the transmission network with the optical transmission equipment at the access layer, and can also provide backhaul links in a mobile telecommunication network or a private network.
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Terminal station: It refers to the microwave station that transmits services only in one direction. Relay station: It refers to the microwave station that transmits services in two directions and is required added to solve the problem existing in the microwave line of sight communication. The relay station is classified into two types, active relay station and passive relay station.
Add/Drop relay station: It refers to the microwave station that transmits services in two directions and adds/drops transmitted services.
Pivotal station: It refers to the microwave station that transmits services in three or more than three directions and transfers the services in transmission channels in different directions. It is also called the HUB station.
Primary station: the transmit frequency is higher than the receive frequency, also named high station. Non-primary station: the transmit frequency is lower than the receive frequency, also named low station.
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Relay station Terminal station Pivotal station Terminal station f1 f 1 Primary station
Relay station
Terminal station f 1
f1
Non-primary station
The Primary station and the Non-primary station are usually arranged alternately in the double-frequency radio link.
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 7
SL1 PXC
slot3 slot1
IF1A SCC
slot4 slot2
slot3 slot1
IF1A SCC
slot4 slot2 slot 20 IF1A IF1A PXC PXC slot7 slot5 slot3 slot1 SL1 PH1 SCC slot8 slot6 slot4 slot2
SLE PXC
slot3 slot1
IF1A SCC
slot4 slot2
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slot7
slot5 slot3 slot1
IF1A
slot 20 IF1A PXC PXC
slot7
slot5 slot3 slot1
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The following figures show the basic topologies of the microwave network.
Ring network Chain network
Star network
Tree network
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Business center
Service center Other client
VIP client
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Radio link
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Transmission network
User network
User network
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User network
Transmission network
User network
User network
User network
User network
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Questions
How many microwave station types can be configured on the OptiX RTN 600? What are them?
List out four applications of the OptiX RTN 600 in the transmission
network.
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Table of Contents
1. Network Applications and Networking Modes of the OptiX RTN 600 2. Service Protection and Equipment Protection Schemes of the OptiX RTN 600
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Service Protection and Equipment Protection Schemes of the OptiX RTN 600
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Antenna
Cross-connect unit
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The 1+1 HSB protection can provide protection for the equipment when the IF board or the ODU failed. The conditions triggering the 1+1 HSB protection switching include the
hardware fault of the IF unit, the hardware fault of the ODU, R_LOS,
MW_LOF, R_LOC, R_LOF and MW_RDI.
The service interruption time of the 1+1 HSB protection switching is less than 1s.
Only the OptiX RTN 620 supports the 1+1 HSB protection.
The ODU must use the same sub-band and type of the Primary and Nonprimary stations.
Only one antenna need be used at one station. Two IF boards need not be configured in the paired slots.
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1+1 SD Protection
In the normal state
Main IF unit
ODU
Antenna
ODU (mute)
IF unit
Antenna
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Because of the multi-path fading, the 1+1 SD installing the main and
The conditions triggering the 1+1 SD protection switching include MW_LOF, R_LOS, R_LOC, R_LOF, MW_FECUNCOR, and B1_SD
The 1+1 SD protection switching does not affect the services. Only the OptiX RTN 620 supports the 1+1 SD protection. The ODU must use the same sub-band and type of the Primary and Nonprimary stations.
1+1 FD Protection
In the normal state
Main IF unit
f1
ODU
Antenna
f2
ODU
IF unit
Main IF unit
f1
ODU
Antenna
f2
ODU
IF unit
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The 1+1 FD uses the fading feature diversities between the signals of different frequencies in the space transmission to protect the active and standby
The conditions triggering the 1+1 FD protection switching include MW_LOF, R_LOS, R_LOC, R_LOF, MW_FECUNCR, B1_SD (when the IF working mode is the PDH), and B2_SD (when the IF working mode is SDH).
The 1+1 FD protection switching does not affect the services. Only the OptiX RTN 620 supports the 1+1 FD protection. The ODU must use different sub-bands and types at the same station. Two or one antenna (the hybrid coupler must be used) can be used at one station.
Configuration Requirement
Switching Condition
Service Interruption
In general, one antenna is used. There is no special requirement on the paired slot. The sub-band of the main and standby ODUs must be the same. Two antennas must be used. There is the requirement on the paired slot. The sub-band of the main and standby ODUs must be the same. One or two antennas can be used.
Hardware fault of the IF unit and ODU unit, MW_LOF, R_LOS, R_LOC, R_LOF and MW_RDI
1+1 SD
The conditions triggering the 1+1 SD protection switching is the service fault. In this case, the MW_LOF, R_LOS, R_LOC, and R_LOF are not counted as the conditions triggering the HSB switching. The condition triggering the 1+1 FD protection switching is the service fault.
IF unit
1+1 FD
In this case, the MW_LOF, R_LOS, R_LOC, and R_LOF are The sub-band of the main and not counted as the conditions standby ODUs should be triggering the HSB switching. different. Page 26 Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
IF unit
SNCP
SNCP stands for the sub-network connection protection. The protection is performed when the signal fail or are degraded. SNCP adopts the 1+1 single-end switching and does not require the support of the protocol.
The required conditions triggering the lower order SNCP include the TU_AIS and TU_LOP. The optional conditions triggering the lower order SNCP include the LP_TIM, LP_UNEQ, LP_SLM, BIP_EXC, and BIP_SD.
The service interruption time in the SNCP switching is less than 50 ms. The source board in an SNCP pair must be the line board or the IF board. If the IF board is configured in one 1+1 protection group, it cannot be configured as the source board of one SNCP pair.
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SNCP (cont.)
The SNCP is shown in the following figure. Services are transmitted bidirectionally at
NE A. The path that passes through NE B is the active path. The path that passes through NE D is the standby path.
In the normal state, NE C selectively receives the services from the active path. In the switching state, NE C selectively receives the services from the standby
path.
A
Active Standby
C
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 28
In the normal state, the active and standby PXC work in the hot standby mode. When the active unit is abnormal, the standby unit replace the original active one to providing the cross-connect and clock functions to the entire system.
The conditions triggering the PXC active/standby protection include the loss of the
38M system clock and the hardware failure.
The conditions triggering the situation that the service unit selects the PXC include loss of the system clock, loss of the service frame header, loss of the overhead clock, and loss of the overhead frame header.
The service interruption time in the PXC active/standby switching within 50 ms. Only the OptiX RTN 620 supports the PXC active/standby protection. When the
slots 1 and 3 are both configured with the cross-connect and clock board PXC, this
protection is automatically enabled.
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Service unit
Clock signal
Service unit
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Summary
1+1 FD protection
SNCP protection Cross-connect and clock unit 1+1 hot standby
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Thank You
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