Chapter 12 problem 16Westighouse

Base MVA
110KV line

xd
xa
x1

50 MVA
0.320228173
0.404335954
0.3482641
0.497
xa+xd
0.8452641

66KV line
x12
x13
xd
xa
x1
xe
z0

GMR
zs
zm
Zinf

0.2794
0.363507781
0.307435927
0.497
0.804435927
2.464449292

8.925E-24
3.0218+52.8001498065059i
0.6678+4.7368738204475i
262.4396389
3.61234081343025+57.176476234043i
0.242128863721752-3.83243883597361i

Frequency
Earth resistivity

60
1000 ohm-m

Resistance of earth return circuit, re

Equivalent depth of return, De

0.2862 Ohm/phase/mile
8818.163074 Ft

Reactance of earth return circuit, xe

0.055116932 Ohm/phase/mile

Line
Self impedance, ra+jxa
Line length
Separation between phases
GMD, phases
GMR, Phase wire

0.0797+0.372i

Mutula reactance of phase wires, xd 0.502728146140989i

7
50
62.99605249
0.046620349

ohm/mi
mile
Ft
Ft
ft
Ohm/mile

Z0(a), Zero sequence Self impedance

of the three phase circuit
2.94711852693754-4.43419404597386i
Ground wire
Self impedance, ra+jxa
2.3454+6.44i
Span length
1014
0.192045
GMR
8.925E-24
Dxy, Distance between two ground
wires
26.5
Mutula reactance of ground wires,
xd
0.397654897177944i
Zero sequene self impedance of
two ground wires (With earth
return), Z0(g)
3.85941693241965+9.06351765423308i
GMD between phase conductors
and ground conductors
Mutual impedance between ground
wire and phase wire, xd
0.39946614943571i

Ohm
ohm/mi
ft
Mile
ft
Ft
Ohm/mile

ohm/mile

26.89852857 ft
Ohm/mile

Zero sequene mutual impedance

between the phase conductors as
one group and the ground
conductors as the other group
(With earth return), Z0(ag)

0.341316932419649-1.19839844830713i

Ohm/mile

Per span values Zero sequene self

impedance of two ground wires
(With earth return), Z0(g)

0.741181724786532+1.74060324790719i

ohm

For the line length Zero sequene

mutual impedance between the
phase conductors as one group and
the ground conductors as the other
group (With earth return), Z0(ag)
2.38921852693754-8.38878913814991i
Tower footing resistance

Ohm
80 ohm

Considering tower footing resistance

and ladder network of ground
conductors, Zoinf
10.6266683801874+7.69032181435233i

Ohm

Total zero sequence impedance of

the 230KV transmission line, Zo

Ohm

35.8329256690571-27.5808007323215i

dag1
dbg1
dcg1
dag2
dbg2
dcg2

11.75
13.25
38.25
38.25
13.25
11.75

17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5

0.0797+0.372i
1000
60
1.474444
0.04662
GMR

0.04662
220
100
484
0.003046

0.00477f
2160 sqrt(P/f)
0.01397log10(De)

2160
4665600

ra+xe+j(xa+xe-2xd)

3/2ra+re+j(xe+3/2xa-3/2xd)

re+j(xe-3xd)

zs/2+sqrt(zs^2/4+zsxzp)
Eq. 21 IEEE 367-1996

zoa-(zoag^2/Zog)

21.07872
21.95023
42.0632
42.0632
21.95023
21.07872