Gv: Phm Don L Bnh

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THI VO LP 10
KHI THPT CHUYN, I HC VINH
NM HC 2009 2010
Mn : Ton chuyn
Cu 1.
phng trnh sau :
(2,5 im)
Gii cc
1) 3x + 1 x 7 = x;
2) x4 3x3 2x2 + 6x + 4 = 0
Cu 2. (2,5 im)
1) Tm cc s nguyn dng x, y tha mn phng trnh x2 + y 2 13(x y) = 0.
2) Chng minh rng vi mi s nguyn t l p u khng tn ti cc s nguyn dng m, n tha
1
1
1
mn = 2 + 2 .
p
m
n
Cu 3. (2 im) Cho cc s thc dng x, y, z tha mn x + 2y + 3z = 18. Chng minh rng
2y + 3z + 5 3z + x + 5 x + 2y + 5
51
+
+
.
1+x
1 + 2y
1 + 3z
7
Du ng thc xy ra khi no ?
[ = 45o . K cc
Cu 4. (3 im) Cho tam gic nhn ABC ni tip trong ng trn tm O v ACB
ng cao AA0 v BB 0 . Gi H l trc tm ca tam gic ABC. M v N tng ng l trung im
ca AB v CH.
1) Chng minh rng A0 M B 0 N l hnh vung.
2) Chng minh rng A0 B 0 , M N, OH ng quy.
L QUC HN
(GV H Vinh) gii thiu
P N
Cu 1. 1) K x 7. Ta c PT cho tng ng vi
p

3x + 1 = 2x 7 + 2 x(x 7) x + 8 = 2 x2 7x 3x2 44x 64 = 0 x = 16(v x 7).

2) D thy x = 0 khng l nghim ca PT cho. Xt x 6= 0, chia hai v PT cho x2 ta c



2


4
2
2
2
2
x + 2 3 x
2=0 x
3 x
+ 2 = 0.
x
x
x
x
2
t t = x , khi PT trn c dng t2 3t + 2 = 0 t = 2 hoc t = 1.
x

2
Vi t = 2 th x = 2 x2 2x 2 = 0 x = 1 + 3 hoc x = 1 3.
x
2
Vi t = 1 th x = 1 x2 x 2 = 0 x = 1 hoc x = 2.
x

Tp nghim S = {1; 1 3; 1 + 3; 2}.

Cu 2. 1) Ta c PT cho tng ng vi
(x + y)2 + (x y)2 2.13(x y) + 132 = 169 (x + y)2 + (13 x + y)2 = 169 = 122 + 52 .
V
nn d thy 0 < x + y < 13; 0 < 13 x + y < 13. Suy ra
 x, y l cc s nguyn dng

x + y = 12
x+y =5
hoc
(x; y) = (3; 2) hoc (x; y) = (10; 2).
13 x + y = 5
13 x + y = 12
1

Gv: Phm Don L Bnh

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Vy PT cho c hai nghim nguyn dng (x; y) l (3; 2) v (10; 2).

1
1
1
= 2 + 2 m2 n2 = p(m2 + n2 )
(1)
p
m
n
.
.
.
.
Suy ra m2 n2 .. p. Do p l s nguyn t nn mn .. p, suy ra m .. p hoc n .. p. Kt hp vi (1) suy ra
1
1
1
1
2
1
.
.
.
m2 + n2 .. p. Do m .. p v n .. p m p, n p. Khi = 2 + 2 2 + 2 = 2 p 2.
p
m
n
p
p
p
Mu thun vi gi s.
2) Gi s tn ti s nguyn t l p sao cho



1
1
1
2y + 3z + 5 3z + x + 5 x + 2y + 5
+
+
P + 3 = 24
+
+
.
Cu 3. t P =
1+x
1 + 2y
1 + 3z
1 + x 1 + 2y 1 + 3z
a2 c 2
(a + c)2
p dng BT quen thuc vi cc s dng
+
. ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi
b d
b+d

a
c
4
1
9
72
= , suy ra P + 3 24
+
24
= .
b
d
2 + x + 2y 1 + 3z
3 + x + 2y + 3z
7
51
Suy ra P . ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi
7
1 + x = 1 + 2y = 1 + 3z v x + 2y + 3z = 18 (x; y; z) = (6; 3; 2).
Cu 4.

1
1
1) Ta c M A0 = M B 0 = AB (1), N A0 = N B 0 = CH (2)
2
2
[ = 45o nn CAA0 v BA0 H vung cn. Suy ra
Mt khc, v BAC
CA0 H = AA0 B (c.g.c), do CH = AB (3).
0 C = 90o
\
\
\
\
\
\
Li c N
A0 C = N
CA0 = M
AA0 = M
A0 A nn M
A0 N = AA
(4).
T (1),(2),(3),(4) suy ra A0 M B 0 N l hnh vung.
2) Do O v A0 thuc ng trung trc cnh AC nn A0 O AC
OA0 //B 0 H. Tng t c OB 0 //A0 H, suy ra A0 HB 0 O l hnh bnh hnh.
Do A0 B 0 , OH, M N ct nhau ti trung im mi ng.