9

3
1
1
(Short Circuit Test)
(Leakage Inductance)


3.1
2
(Transformer Winding)(Transformer Core)
3.1.1 (Transformer Winding) 2 3.1
1. (Primary winding)

2. (Secondary winding)

3.1
: , , 46
3.1.2 (Transformer Core)
2
1. (Core type)

3.2 ()
9

10

2. (Shell type)
3.2 ()

() (Core type)

() (Shell type)

3.2
: , , 47-48
(Shell type)

3.2 (Transformer Equivalent Circuit)

3.3
: , , 67
3.3
Inductive Reactance (XL) Leakage Reactance

11

2
- (R1 R2)
- (X1 X2)
3.4

3.4
: , , 67
R1 =
R2=
X1 =
X2 =

3.3 (Ideal Transformer)

(Ideal Transformer)

(E1)
(I1) (V1)
(MMF) (m)
V2 I2

m
E1=4.44fN1mx10-8

(3-1)

12

SI

(3-2)

E1=4.44fN1m

SI
E1 = (V)
(V)
f =
(Hz)
(Hz)
(N)
(N)
N1 =
m = (Mutual Flux)
(Lines)
(Wb)

(E1) (V1)
(3-3)
V = 4.44fN
1

1 m

(V2)

V2= 4.44fN2m

(3-4)

N1 =
N2 =
(1-3) (1-4) Mutual Flux

m = 4.44fN1/ V1
m = 4.44fN2/ V2

(3-5)
(3-6)

(m)
V1 N1
=
V2 N2

(3-7)

13

(3-7)
(Turns Ratio)
(3-8)
Turns Ratio = a = N1/ N2
3.4
(Phasor Diagram of Transformer with Load)

PF (Power Factor)

V2= E2
V2 E2

m
I1
I0
I1X1

I1R1 -V1
I1Z1

E1

I 2
I2Z2

E2
I2

V2

I2R2

3.5
E1,2 =
N1,2 =
m = (Mutual Flux)
I1,2 =

V1
I2X2

14

I1 =
R1,2 =
X1,2 =
I0 = (MMF)
3.5
(Equivalent Circuit and Phasor Diagram with Neglected No-Load Current)
(I0)
I0 1% 3%

R1
E1

X1

I1

R2

V1

V2
N1

X2
I2

E2

ZL

N2

3.6
3.6
(Turns Ratio)
3.7
R1
E1

X1
I 1=I2/a

a2R2

a2X2
V1=aE2 a2ZL

3.7

15

3.6 (Short Circuit Test)

3.8
: , , 85
3.6.1

(P=I2R)

R1 a2 R2 Rel
X1 a2X2 Xel
R1
Vin

X1

a2 R2

Rel

a2 X2
Vin

Xel

I1

3.9

16

3.6.2
1.
V
Z el = sc
I1
(3-9)
Vsc
2.

X el = Z el2 R el2

(3-10)

3. Power Factor
cossc =

R el
Z el

(3-11)

4.
Peu = R elI12

(3-12)