i

TUYN TP QUY NH NH GI AN TON V SC

KHE NGH NGHIP OHSAS 18001: 2007
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT SERIES






H thng qun l an ton
v sc khe ngh nghip Cc yu cu

Occupational health and safety
Management systems Requirements














Ti liu lu hnh ni b Vin Tiu Chun Anh
Bin dch t ti liu BS OHSAS 18001:2007 Vn Phng Vit Nam
TP. H Ch Minh, thng 01, nm 2008

BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

ii
Mc lc




Trang
Li ni u ii
1 Phm vi 1
2 n phm tham kho 1
3 Thut ng v nh ngha 1
4 Cc yu cu ca h thng qun l an ton v sc khe ngh nghip (OH&S) 3
4.1 Yu cu chung 4
4.2 Chnh sch OH&S 4
4.3 Hoch nh 5
4.4 Thc hin v iu hnh 6
4.5 Kim tra 9
4.6 Xem xt ca lnh o 11
Ph lc A (tham kho): Tng ng gia OHSAS 18001:2007, ISO 14001:2004 v
ISO 9001:2000
13
Th mc 15
Hnh 1 Cc yu t ca vic qun l h thng OH&S thnh cng 3
Hnh 2 Chnh sch OH&S 4
Hnh 3 Hoch nh 5
Hnh 4 Thc hin v iu hnh 7
Hnh 5 Kim tra v hnh ng khc phc 10
Hnh 6 Xem xt ca lnh o 12







iii
Li ni u

Tuyn tp quy nh v nh gi sc an ton v khe ng nghip (OHSAS) ny km theo ti liu
OHSAS 18002 Hng dn thc thin quy nh OHSAS 18001 c xy dng nhm p ng
vi yu cu bc bch ca ngi tiu dng i vi mt tiu chun v h thng qun l an ton v
sc khe ngh nghip c th tha nhn lm cn c cho vic nh gi v chng nhn.
OHSAS 18001 c xy dng tng thch vi cc tiu chun v cc h thng qun l ISO
9001:2000 (Cht lng) v ISO 14001:2004 (Mi trng) nhm to thun li hp nht cc h
thng qun l cht lng, mi trng, an ton v sc khe ngh nghip cho cc t chc mun thc
hin nh vy.
Tiu chun OHSAS ny s c xem xt hoc sa i khi thch hp. Cc t xem xt ny s c
tin hnh khi c cc phin bn mi ISO 9001 v ISO 14001 c ban hnh m bo tnh thch
hp lin tc.
Tiu chun OHSAS ny s b hy b khi c tiu chun quc t c ni dung ca quy nh ny.
i vi Vng quc Anh:
- BSI-OHSAS 18001 khng phi l mt tiu chun quc gia;
- BSI-OHSAS 18001 s b hy b khi c tiu chun quc gia c ni dung ca quy nh ny.
- BSI-OHSAS 18001 do BSI pht hnh v gi quyn s hu v bn quyn.
Qu trnh xy dng OHSAS 18001 lun rng m cho nhng nh ti tr khc mun to ra cc loi
ti liu tng t gn lin vi BSI, min l nh ti tr tun theo cc iu kin ca BSI cho nhng
ti liu nh vy.

Cc n phm c tham kho khi xy dng quy nh OHSAS ny
Cc ti liu di y c tham kho khi xy dng quy nh OHSAS ny:
- BS 8800:1996 Hng dn h thng qun l an ton v sc khe ngh nghip
- Bo co k thut NPR 5001:1997 Hng dn h thng qun l an ton v sc khe ngh
nghip
- SGS & ISMOL ILA 2000:1997 Cc yu cu i vi h thng qun l an ton v sc khe
- BVQI Chng nhn an ton: Tiu chun qun l an ton v sc khe ngh nghip
- Tiu chun ca DNV v chng nhn h thng qun l an ton v sc khe ngh nghip
(OHSMS):1997
- D tho NSAI SR 320 Khuyn ngh i vi h thng qun l an ton v sc khe ngh
nghip (OH v S)
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

iv
- D tho AS/NZ 4802 H thng qun l an ton v sc khe ngh nghip Quy nh vi
hng dn s dng
- D tho BSI PAS 088 H thng qun l an ton v sc khe ngh nghip
- UNE 81900 Tuyn tp d tho tiu chun v phng nga cc ri ro thuc v ngh nghip
- D tho LRQA SNS 8800 Cc chun mc nh gi h thng qun l an ton v sc khe
ngh nghip
OHSAS 18001 s thay th mt s cc ti liu c tham kho ni trn.
OHSAS 18001 duy tr mc tng thch cao v tng ng v mt k thut vi UNE 81900.
n bn ny khng hm chc tan b cc iu khon cn thit ca mt hp ng. Ngi s dng
chu trch nhim i vi vic p dng ng quy nh ny.
Vic tun th theo tuyn tp quy nh nh gi an ton v sc khe ngh nghip ny khng to ra
s min tr khi cc ngha v php l.

Ci tin thung xuyn
Chnh sch
OH &S
Hoach jnh
Thc hin v
iu hnh
Xem xt
ca lnh ao
Kim tra v hnh
ng khc phc
Vng trn PDCA - Cc yu t qun l thnh cng OH & S
OHSAS 18001:2007
1
H THNG QUN L
AN TON V SC KHO NGH NGHIP

0. GII THI U
H thng qun l an ton & sc khe ngh nghip (OH&S) OHSAS 18001:2007 a ra:
Yu cu cn thit cho h thng qun l an ton v sc kho ngh nghip mt cch c hiu qu &
cho php cc danh nghip kt vi cc yu cu qun l khc t c cc mc tiu v OH&S
v cc mc tiu v kinh t.
Vic thc hin mt cch hiu qu tiu chun OHSAS 18001:2007 s gip doanh nghip khng
ch p ng m cn p ng mt cch lin tc cc yu cu ca php lut & chnh sch ca danh
nghip c lin quan n OH&S.
H thng qun l an ton & sc kho ngh nghip (OH&S) OHSAS 18001:2007 c xy dng
da trn phng php lun
PDCA: Hoch nh - Thc hin - Kim tra - Ci tin
Hoch nh: thit lp cc mc tiu & cc qu trnh cn thit to ra c cc kt qu ph hp
vi chnh sch OH&S
Thc hin: thc hin cc qu trnh
Kim tra: theo di v o lng cc qu trnh so vi chnh sch, mc tiu, cc yu cu ca php
lut, cc yu khc & bo co kt qu thc hin
Ci tin: thc hin cc hnh ng ci tin thng xuyn kt qu thc hin OH&S.
H thng qun l an ton & sc khe ngh nghip (OH&S) OHSAS 18001:2007 khng a ra
cc yu cu c th v kt qu thc hin OH&S.
Tiu chun ny cng khng a ra cc yu cu lin quan n h thng qun l khc nh: h
thng qun l cht lng, mi trng, ti chnh.
Tuy nhin cc yu cu ca OHSAS 18001:2007 c th kt hp vi cc yu cu tng ng ca
tiu chun ny.
1. PHM VI
Tuyn tp cc quy nh k thut v nh gi an ton v sc kho ngh nghip (OHSAS) a ra
cc yu cu i vi h thng qun l an ton v sc kho ngh nghip (OH&S), nhm gip mt
t chc kim sot cc ri ro v OH&S v ci tin hot ng OH&S ca mnh. B tiu chun ny
khng nu cc chun mc c th ca hot ng OH&S, cng nh khng a ra cc quy nh chi
tit cho vic thit k mt h thng qun l.
Tiu chun OHSAS ny c th p dng cho mi t chc mun:
a) thit lp mt h thng qun l OH&S loi tr hoc gim thiu ri ro cho nhng ngi
v cc bn lin quan khc b nh hng bi cc mi nguy v OH&S do cc hot ng ca
t chc;
b) thc hin, duy tr v ci tin thng xuyn h thng qun l OH&S;
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

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c) t m bo s ph hp vi chnh sch OH&S m t chc cng b ;
d) chng minh s ph hp vi cc yu cu ca tiu chun thng qua:
1) t xc lp v cng b s ph hp vi tiu chun OHSAS
2) tm kim s xc nhn ca cc bn hu quan nh khch hang v s ph hp hay
3) c t chc bn ngoi kim tra xc nhn viv t cng b ph hp, hay
4) c t chc bn ngoi chng nhn la 1 c h th qun l OH&S ph hp vi OHSAS:
18001
Tt c cc yu cu trong quy nh k thut v OHSAS ny nhm kt hp vo bt k h thng
qun l OH&S no. Mc p dng s ph thuc vo nhng yu t nh chnh sch OH&S, bn
cht ca cc hot ng v ri ro v tnh phc tp ca t chc.
Tiu chun OHSAS ny cng nhm nu ra cc yu cu v an ton v sc kho ngh nghip
hn l cc kha cnh khc ca an ton v sc kho nh phc li ca nhn vin, tnh an ton ca
sn phm s h hng i vi cc ti sn hay cc tc ng n mi trng
2. N PHM THAM KHO
Cc n phm khc cung cp thng tin hay hng dn c lit k trong th mc. Nn s dng
phin bn mi nht ca n phm, c th cn tham kho:
OHSAS 18002:2007, Hng dn thc hin OHSAS 18001.
ILO: 2001, Hng dn h thng qun l sc kho v an ton ngh nghip (OSH-MS).
3. THUT NG V NH NGHA
Theo mc ch ca ti liu OHSAS ny, p dng cc thut ng v nh ngha sau y:
Thut ng tai nn khng c nh ngha tng ng c a ra ch thch trong phn nh ngha v
s c
3.1 ri ro c th chp nhn
Ri ro gim xung n mt mc m t chc c th chu chp nhn xt theo cc ngha v v
php l v chnh sch v OH&S.
3.2 nh gi
L mt qu trnh c h thng, c lp v c lp thnh vn bn nhm thu thp cc bng chng
nh gi & nh gi mt cch khch quan xc nh mc thc hin cc chun mc nh gi
(ISO 9000:2005, 3.9.1)
Ch thch: s c lp khng c ngha l t bn ngoi t chc, trong nhiu trng hp t bit i
vi cc t chc nh yu cu v tnh c lp c th c th hin bng vic khng lin quan n
hot ng c nh gi.
3.3 Ci tin thng xuyn
OHSAS 18001:2007
3
Qu trnh lp li nng cao h thng qun l OH&S(3.13) t c cc kt qu tng th
trong hot ng v OHS& (3.15), ph hp vi chnh sch OH&S ca t chc.
CH THCH: Qu trnh ci tin khng cn din ra ng thi trong tt c cc kha cnh ca hot
ng.
3.4 Hnh ng khc phc
Hnh ng loi b s khng ph hp pht hin (3.11) hay tnh hung khng mong mun.
Ch thch: Hnh ng khc phc c thc hin ngn nga s ti din, cn hnh ng phng
nga c thc hin ngn nga s khng ph hp xy ra.
3.5 Ti liu
Thng tin & phng tin h tr thng tin
Ch thch: phng tin c th l giy, a t, bn in t, hay a quang, nh hay mu gc hay
mI s kt hp ca chng.
3.6 Mi nguy
Ngun hay tnh trng c tim tng s gy hi dng v thng tch cho ngi hay bnh tt, hay
kt hp cc dng gy hi ny.
3.7 Xc nh mi nguy
Qu trnh nhn bit mt mi nguy (3.6) ang tn ti v xc nh tnh cht ca n.
3.8 Bnh ngh nghip
c th nhn din c, iu kin v vt l hay tinh thn c hai xut pht t v/hay do cc hot
ng ti ni lm vic v/hay cc tnh hung c lin quan lm cho t hn.
3.9 s c
S kin c th lin quan n cng vic m trong s tn thng, bnh ngh nghip (khng ph
thuc vo mc nghim trng hay cht choc xy ra hay c th xy ra.
CH THCH:
1. s kin khng mong i gy ra cht ngI, bnh tt, thng tch, tn tht hay mt mc khc
2. mt s c m khng gy nn bnh tt, thng tch, h hng, tn tht cng c xem nh s
vic gn tn tht. Thut ng s c bao gm c s vic gn tn tht.
3. tnh trng khn cp l mt dng s c t bit.
3.10 Cc bn quan tm
C nhn hay tp th bn trong hay bn ngoi ni ln vic lin quan hay chu nh hng bi hat
ng OH&S (3.15) ca mt t chc (3.17).
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

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3.11 S khng ph hp
S khng p ng/tho mn mt yu cu
Ch thch: s khng ph hp c th l:
Bt c s sai lch no khi cc tiu chun cng vic, thng l, th tc, yu cu ca php lut
cc yu cu ca h thng qun l OH&S(3.13).
3.12 An ton v sc kho ngh nghip (OH&S)
Cc iu kin v cc yu t nh hng n hay c th nh hng n an ton v sc kho ca
nhn vin/cng nhn, cng nhn tm thi, ngi ca nh thu, khch hay bt k ngi no ni
lm vic (3.18).
Ch thch: t chc phi tun th cc yu cu v vic m bo an ton v sc kho cho mi ngi
khng ch ti ni lm vic.
3.13 H thng qun l OH&S
Mt phn ca h thng qun l c s dng trin khai & p dng chnh sch OH&S (3.16)
v qun l cc ri ro v an ton & sc kho (3.22).
Ch thch:
1. H thng qun l l mt tp hp cc yu t lin quan vi nhau c s dng thit lp chnh
sch, mc tiu & t c cc mc tiu .
2. H thng qun l bao gm c cu t chc, cc hot ng hoch nh, trch nhim, thng l,
th tc(3.19) qu trnh v ngun lc.
3.14 Mc tiu
Cc mc tiu v OH&S dng kt qu hot ng m bn thn t chc t ra ra t ti.
CH THCH:
Cc mc tiu nn c lng ha khi c th.
4.4.3 yu cu cc mc tiu phi tng thch vi chnh sch OH&S(3.16)
3.16 Chnh sch OH&S
Tuyn b mt cch chnh thc ca lnh o cao cp nht v v nh hng chung i vi
kt qu hot ng (3.15) ca mt t chc:
Ch thch:
Chnh sch OH&S to ra khun kh cho hnh ng & v nh ra cc mc tiu v OH&S
3.15 Kt qu hot ng OH&S
Cc kt qu c th o c v s qun l cc ri ro v OH&S (3.22) ca mt t chc (3.17).
CH THCH:
1.Vic o lng kt qu hot ng OH&S bao gm c vic o lng tnh hiu lc ca cc bin
php kim sot ca t chc.
OHSAS 18001:2007
5
2. Trong ng cnh ca cc h thng qun l OH&S (3.13) cc kt qu c th o lng da trn
chnh sch OH&S, mc tiu OH&S v cc yu cu v kt qu hot ng khc v OH&S.
3.17 T chc
Cng ty, tp on, hng, x nghip, c quan c thm quyn hoc vin, hoc mt b phn hay kt
hp ca chng d l c tch hp hay khng, cng hay t m c cc chc nng v qun tr ring
ca mnh.
CH THCH: i vi cc t chc c nhiu hn mt n v hot ng th mt n v hot ng
ring l cng c th c xc nh nh l mt t chc.
3.18 Hnh ng phng nga
Hnh ng thc hin loi b nguyn nhn gy ra s khng ph hp (3.11) tm n hay tnh
hung khng mong mun tm n khc.
Ch thch:
1.c th c nhiu hn mt nguyn nhn cho s khng ph hp.
2.hnh ng phng nga c thc hin ngn nga s khng ph hp xy ra trong khi
hnh ng khc phc ngn nga s ti din ca s khng ph hp.
3.19 th tc
Cch thc c qui nh ti hnh mt hot ng hay mt qu trnh.
Ch thch: c th c lp thnh vn bn hoc khng
3.20 h s
Ti liu cng b cc kt qu t c hay cung cp cc bng chng v cc hot ng c thc
hin.

3.21 Ri ro
T hp ca kh nng xy ra mt s kin nguy hi hay s phi nhim v mc nghim trong
ca cc tn thng hay bnh tt (3.8) c th c do cc s kin hay s phi nhim.
3.22 nh gi ri ro
Qu trnh c lng mc ca ri ro c t cc mi nguy, c xem xt n cc bin php kim
sot hin c v quyt nh xem ri ro c th chp nhn c hay khng.
3.23 Ni lm vic
Bt k v tr a l no m cc hot ng c hc hin di s kim sot ca t chc.
Ghi ch: khi xem xt n khi nim ni lm vic t chc (3.17) cn xem xt n cc nh hng
v OH&S i vi nhng ngi v d nh nhng ngi ang di chuyn, lm vic ti ch ca
khch hng hay lm vic ti nh
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

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4. CC YU T CA H THNG QUN L OH&S
4.1 Yu cu chung
T chc phi thit lp, lp thnh vn bn, thc hin, duy tr v ci tin lin tc h thng OH&S
ph hp vi cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny v xc nh cch thc p ng y cc yu cu
.
T chc phi xc nh v lp thnh vn bn phm vi ca h thng OH&S.
4.2 Chnh sch OH&S
Ban lnh o phi xc nh v ph duyt chnh sch OH&S v m bo trong phm vi xc
nh ca h thng qun l OH&S ca mnh chnh sch :
a) ph hp vi bn cht v mc ri ro OH&S ca t chc;
b) bao gm cam kt ngn nga cc tn thng, bnh tt v ci tin thng xuyn vic qun l
OH&S v cc kt qu hot ng OH&S.
c) bao gm cam kt ti thiu tun th cc yu cu ca lut nh v cc yu cu khc m t chc
phi tun th lin quan n cc mi nguy v OH&S;.
d) a ra khun kh cho vic xut v xt sot cc mc tiu OH&S.
e) c lp thnh vn bn, c thc hin v v duy tr;
f) c thng bo cho tt c nhn vin ang lm vic di s kim sot ca t chc vi mc ch
lm cho h nhn thc c cc ngha v v OH&S ca tng c nhn.
g) c sn cho cc bn lin quan v;
h) c xem xt nh k m bo n vn thch ng v ph hp vi t chc.
4.3 Hoch nh
4.3.1 Hoch nh xc nh mi nguy, nh gi ri ro v xc nh cc bin php kim sot
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr cc th tc nhn bit cc mi nguy, nh gi cc
ri ro v xc nh cc bin php kim sot cn thit.
Cc th tc nhn bit v nh gi cc ri ro phi xem xt n:
a) cc hot ng thng xuyn v khng thng xuyn
b) cc hot ng ca tt c mi ngi c kh nng tip cn n ni lm vic (bao gm c cc nh
thu ph v khch tham quan).
c) cc hnh vi, kh nng v cc nhn t lin quan n con ngi khc.
d) Xc nh cc mi nguy bt ngun t bn ngoi ni lm vic m c kh nng nh hng xu
n sc kho & an ton ca nhng ngi chu nh hng, kim sot ca t chc trong phm vi
ni lm vic.
e) Cc mi nguy do cc hot ng di s kim sot ca t chc to ra trong vng ln cn ca
ni lm vic
Ghi ch: i cc mi nguy ny nn thc hin nh gi ging nh nh gi cc kha cnh mi
trng
OHSAS 18001:2007
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f) h tng c s, trang thit b v vt liu ti ni lm vic do t chc hay ngi khc cung cp.
g) cc thay i hay xut thay i trong t chc, i vi cc hot ng hay vt t
h) cc iu chnh i vi h thng OH&S bao gm c cc thay i mang tnh tm thi v nh
hng ca chng i vi vic iu hnh, cc qu trnh v cc hot ng.
i) vic thit k cc khu vc lm vic, cc qu trnh, vic lp t, my mc/thit b, cc th tc
iu hnh v t chc cng vic, bao gm vic thch ng vi kh nng ca con ngi
Cc phng php xc nh mi nguy v nh gi ri ro ca t chc phi:
a) c xc nh ph hp vi phm vi, bn cht v n nh thi im m bo ch ng ngn
nga hn l phn ng;
b) gip nhn din, phn loi cc ri ro v lp thnh vn bn cc ri ro p dng cc bin php kim
sot ph hp
qun l c cc thay i, t chc phi nhn din c cc mi nguy v OH&S v cc ri ro
c lin quan n cc thay i trong t chc, h thng qun l OH&S, hay cc cc hot ng trc
khi thc hin cc thay i .
t chc phi m bo rng cc kt qu ny c xem xt khi xc nh bin php kim sot i
vi cc ri ro.
Khi nhn din cc ri ro hay khi xem xt thay i vi cc bin php kim sot hin hu, vic xem
xt phi hng n cc bin php gim thiu ri ro theo cc cp sau:
a) loi b
b) thay th
c) cc bin php kim sot k thut
d) cc tn hiu/bin cnh bo v/hay cc bin php kim sot hnh chnh.
e) Cc thit b bo v c nhn
T chc phi lp thnh vn bn v cp nht cc kt qu ca vc nhn din cc mi nguy nh gi
ri ro v cc bin php kim sot c xc nh.
T chc phi m bo cc ri ro v OH&S v cc bin php kim sot uc xc nh c
xem xt khi thit lp thc hin v duy tri h thng qun l OH&S
CH THCH: Xem OHSAS 18002 c thm cc hng dn xc nh mi nguy, nh gi ri
ro v kim sot ri ro.
4.3.2 Cc yu cu php l v cc yu cu khc
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr cc th tc nhn bit v tip cn vi cc yu cu v
php lut thch hp v cc yu cu khc m t chc tn thnh c lin quan vi OH&S
T chc phi m bo rng cc yu cu v php lut tng ng v cc yu cu khc m t chc
tn thnh cn c xem xt khi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr h thng qun l OH&S
T chc phi cp nht cc thng tin ny.
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

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T chc phi thng bo cc yu cu ny cho tt c nhng ngi ang lm vic cho/hay tr n
danh ngha ca t chc v cc bn c lin quan.
4.3.3 Mc tiu & Chng tr nh
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr cc mc tiu bng vn bn OH&S tng cp & mi
b phn chc nng c lin quan trong phm vi t chc.
Cc mc tiu phi o c khi c th v nht qun vi chnh sch OH&S, bao gm cc cam kt
ngn nga tai nn & bnh ngh nghip, tun th cc yu cu php lut v cc yu cu khc m t
chc tn thnh, v ci tin lin tc.
Khi thit lp v sot xt cc mc tiu v ch tiu ca mnh, t chc phi xem xt n cc yu cu
v php lut v cc yu cu khc lin quan n OH&S m t chc tn thnh, v ri ro ca mnh.
T chc cn xem xt n cc phng n cng ngh, ti chnh, cc yu cu v iu hnh, hot
ng kinh doanh v cc quan im ca cc bn hu quan.
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) chng trnh qun l OH&S nhm t
c cc mc tiu ca mnh. (Cc) chng trnh phi bao gm ti thiu:
a) vic nh r trch nhim nhm t c cc mc tiu tng cp v b phn chc nng tng
ng trong t chc, v
b) Bin php v tin t c cc mc tiu.
Chng trnh qun l OH&S phi c sot xt nh k trong khong thi gian hoch nh.
Khi cn thit chng trnh qun l OH&S phi c chnh sa m bo cc mc tiu s t
c
4.4 Thc hin v iu hnh
4.4.1 C cu t chc v trch nhim
Lnh o cao nht chu trch nhim cao nht v an ton v sc kho (OH&S) v h thng qun l
OH&S.
Lnh o cao nht phi chng t s cam kt thng qua
a) m bo c sn cc ngun lc cn thit, thit lp thc hin, duy tr v ci tin h thng qun
l OH&S.
Ghi ch: ngun lc bao gm ngun nhn lc v k nng chuyn mn ho, c s h tng ca t
chc, ngun lc cng ngh v ti chnh.
b) xc nh vai tr, phn cng nhim v, trch nhim v u quyn h tr cho vic qun l mt
cch hiu qu OH&S; vai tr trch nhim v quyn hn phI c lp thnh vn bn
Ban lnh o ca t chc phi b nhim mt (hoc cc i din ca lnh o c th, ngoi cc
trch nhim khc phi c vai tr trch nhim v quyn hn xc nh nhm:

a) m bo h thng qun l OH&S c thit lp, thc hin v duy tr ph hp vi cc yu cu
ca tiu chun OH&S;
b) bo co cc kt qu thc hin ca h thng qun l OH&S cho ban lnh o xem xt k c
cc kin nghi cho vic ci tin
OHSAS 18001:2007
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vic nhn din ngi i din ca lnh o cn c thng bo cho nhng ngi c lin quan
thuc s kim sot ca t chc
Tt c nhng ngi c trch nhim qun l phi chng minh cam kt ca h i vi vic ci tin
lin tc kt qu hot ng OH&S.
t chc phi m bo rng mi ngi ti ni lm vic chu trch nhim v cc kha cnh ca
OH&S m h kim sot gn lin vi lut l v yu cu ca t chc.
4.4.2 o to, nhn thc v nng lc
T chc phi m bo bt c (nhng) ngi no thc hin cc cng vic ca t chc hoc trn
danh ngha ca t chc c th nh hng n OH&S u phi c nng lc trn c s gio dc,
o to hoc kinh nghim thch hp, v phi duy tr cc h s lin quan.
T chc phi xc nh cc nhu cu o to tng ng vi cc ri ro v OH&S v h thng qun
l OH&S. T chc phi cung cp vic o to hoc tin hnh cc hnh ng khc p ng cc
nhu cu ny, v phi duy tr cc h s lin quan.
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) th tc lm cho nhn vin thc hin
cng vic ca t chc hoc trn danh ngha ca t chc nhn thc c:
a) cc hu qu v OH&S, thc t hay tim n ca cc hot ng cng vic ca h v cc hnh vi
v li ch ca vic ci thin kt qu thc hin cc c nhn v OH&S.
b) Vai tr v trch nhim v tm quan trng ca vic t c s ph hp vi chnh sch v cc
th tc v OH&S v cc yu cu ca h thng qun OH&S bao gm cc yu cu i vi vic
sn sng p ng vi cc tnh hung khn cp (xem 4.4.7)
c) Cc hu qu tim n do i chch khi cc th tc qui nh.
Cc th tc o to phi c xem xt n cc mc khc nhau v
a) trch nhim, kh nng, k nng ngn ng v trnh c vit v
b) ri ro
4.4.3 Trao i thng tin, s tham gia v tham vn
4.4.3.1 Trao i thng tin
i vi cc mi nguy v h thng qun l OH&S, t chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt
(hoc cc) th tc :
a) trao i thng tin ni b gia cc cp v b phn chc nng khc nhau ca t chc,
b) trao i thng tin vi cc nh thu v khch n ni lm vic
c) tip nhn, lp thnh vn bn v p ng cc thng tin tng ng t cc bn hu quan bn
ngoi.
4.4.3.2 S tham gia v tham vn
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) th tc :
a)c s tham gia ca nhn vin thng qua :
vic tham gia ph hp ca h vo vic nhn din cc mi nguy, nh gi ri rov xc nh cc
bin php kim sot;
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

10
vic tham gia thch hp vo vic iu tra cc tai nn;
vic tham gia vo pht trin v sot xt cc chnh sch v mc tiu c tham vn khi c nhng
nh hng thay i n sc khe v an ton ti ni lm vic
nhn vin phi c thng bo v vic tham gia ca h, bao gm c vic thao bo ai l ngi i
din ca lnh o v OH&S
b) tham vn n cc nh thu khi c cc thay i nh hng n OH&S
t chc phi m bo rng, khi thch hp cc bn hu quan, bn ngoi c tham vn v cc vn
OH&S thch hp.
4.4.4 Ti liu
Ti liu ca h thng OH&S phI bao gm
a) chnh sch OH&S v cc mc tiu
b) M t phm vi ca h thng OH&S
c) m t cc iu khong chnh ca h thng qun l OH&S, tc ng qua li gia chng v tham
kho cc ti liu c lin quan
d) cc ti liu bao gm cc h s theo yu cu ca tiu chun ny
e) cc ti liu, k c cc h s c t chc xc nh l cn thit m bo tnh hiu lc ca
vic lp k hach, vn hnh v kim sot cc qu trnh lin quan n vic qun l cc ri ro v
OH&S
CH THCH: iu quan trng l h thng ti liu ph hp vi s phc tp cc mi nguy v ri
lin quan v c duy tr mc ti thiu cn thit t hiu lc v hiu qu.
4.4.5 Kim sot ti liu v d liu
Cc ti liu theo yu cu ca h thng qun l OH&S v theo yu cu ca tiu chun ny phi
c kim sot. H s l mt loi ti liu c bit v phi c kim sot theo cc yu cu
nu trong 4.5.4.
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) th tc :
a) Ph duyt ti liu v s tho ng trc khi ban hnh,
b) Xem xt, cp nht khi cn v ph duyt li ti liu,
c) m bo nhn bit c cc thay i v tnh trng sa i hin hnh ca ti liu,
d) m bo cc bn ca cc ti liu thch hp sn c ni s dng,
e) m bo cc ti liu lun r rng, d nhn bit,
f) m bo cc ti liu c ngun gc bn ngoi c t chc xc nh l cn thit cho vic
lp k hoch v vn hnh h thng qun l mi trng phi c nhn bit v vic phn
phi chng c kim sot, v
OHSAS 18001:2007
11
g) ngn nga vic s dng v tnh cc ti liu li thi v p dng du hiu nhn bit thch
hp nu chng c gi li v mc ch no .
4.4.6 Kim sot iu hnh
T chc phi xc nh cc tc nghip v hot ng no gn lin vi cc mi nguy c xc
nh m cn c cc bin php bin php kim sot. vic xc nh ny phi bao gm vic qun
l i vi cc thay i (xem 4.3.1)
T chc phi thit lp thc hin v duy tr:
a) cc bin php kim sot thch hp vi t chc v cc hot ng ca mnh; t chc phi kt hp
cc bin php kim sot iu hnh ny vo trong h thng qun l OH&S tng th ca mnh
b) quy nh cc chun mc vn hnh m nu thiu cc tnh trng ny c th dn n s hot ng
chch khi chnh sch v cc mc tiu OH&S;
c) kim sot lin quan n cc sn phm, thit b v dch v c mua vo
d) cc kim sot lin quan n cc ri ro v OH&S i vi hay l t cc nh thu v khch ving
thm ni lm vic ca t chc
e) cc th tc bng vn bn cp n tnh hung m nu thiu chng c th dn n s hot
ng chch khi chnh sch v cc mc tiu OH&S;
4.4.7 Chun b v p ng tnh hung khn cp.
T chc phi thit lp thc hin v duy tr mt hay cc th tc nhm:
a) nhn din c cc tnh trng khn cp tim n
b) ng ph i vi cc tnh hung khn cp ny
T chc phi ng ph vi cc tnh hung khn cp thc t v phng nga hay lm gim bt cc
hu qu c hi v OH&S.
Trong khi hoch nh vic ng ph vi cc tnh hung khn cp t chc phi xem xt n cc
nhu cu ca cc bn c lin quan, v d nh cc n v cung cp dch v trong tnh trng khn
cp v cc n v bn cnh doanh nghip.
T chc cng phi nh k th nghim cc th tc ng ph vi cc tnh hun khn cp khi c th
c thu ht s tham gia ca cc bn c lin quan.
T chc cng phi nh k xem xt v khi cn thit sot xt li v s chun b sn sang p ng
vi tnh hung khn cp t bit l sau khi s c hoc tnh trng khn cp xy ra.
4.5 Kim tra v hnh ng khc phc
4.5.1 o lng v theo di kt qu hot ng
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) th tc theo di v o lng kt qu
hot ng OH&S mt cch nh k.
Cc th tc ny phi quy nh:
a) cc bin php va nh tnh v nh lng thch hp vi nhu cu ca t chc;
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

12
b)theo di mc thc hin cc mc tiu OH&S ca t chc;
c) theo di tnh hiu qu ca cc bin php kim sot;
d) cc bin php ch ng thc hin o lng kt qu thc hin nhm theo di s ph hp vi
chng trnh qun l OH&S, cc chun mc tc nghip,
e) cc bin php ng ph theo di cc, bnh tt, s c (k c tai nn, s c sp gy tn tht) v
cc bng chng trong qu kh ca vic thc hin OH&S khng y .
f) vic ghi chp cc d kin v kt qu o lng v theo di to thun li cho vic phn
tch hnh ng khc phc v phng nga sau .
Nu cn s dng thit b theo di hoc o lng kt qu thc hin, t chc phi thit lp v
duy tr cc th tc hiu chun v bo tr thit b o. H s hiu chun, hot ng bo tr v cc
kt qu o phi c lu gi.
4.5.2 nh gi s ph hp
4.5.2.1 nht qun vi cam kt tun th s ph hp ca mnh (xem 4.2c) T chc phi thit lp,
thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) th tc v nh k nh gi s tun th vi yu cu lut php
c th p dng (xem4.3.2)
T chc phi lu gi h s ca cc kt qu nh gi nh k.
Ghi ch: tn xut ca vic nh gi nh k c th khc nhau cho cc yu cu php lut khc
nhau.
4.5.2.1 T chc phi nh gi s tun th cc yu cu khc m t chc ra.
T chc c th kt hp vic nh gi ny vi vic nh gi s tun th php lut nu trong
4.5.2.1 hac thit lp mt (hoc cc) th tc ring
T chc phi lu gi h s ca cc kt qu nh gi nh k.
Ghi ch: tn xut ca vic nh gi nh k c th khc nhau cho cc yu cu khc m t chc
tn ng p dng.
4.5.3 iu tra s c s khng ph hp, hnh ng khc phc v phng nga.
4.5.3.1 iu tra s c
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) th tc iu tra & phn tch cc s
c nhm:
a) xc nh cc thiu st c bn v OH&S v cc nhn t c th gy ra s ti din ca cc s c;
b) nhn din nhu cu i vi hnh ng khc phc;
c) nhn din c cc c hi i vi cc hnh ng phng nga;
d) nhn din c cc c hi cho vic ci tin thng xuyn
OHSAS 18001:2007
13
e) truyn t v kt qu ca vic iu tra.
Vic iu tra phi c thc hin kp thi.
bt k nhu cu no c nhn din l cn c hnh ng phc phc hay c hi cho cc hnh ng
phng nga phi c tinh hnh hong tt ph hp vI 4.5.3.2
Kt qu ca vic iu tra s c lp thnh vn bn v c duy tr
4.5.3.2 s khng ph hp hnh ng khc phc v phng nga
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) th tc lin quan n s khng ph
hp hay s khng ph hp tim n v thc hin hnh ng khc phc & phng nga cc th
tc ny phi xc nh cc yu cu
a) nhn bit v khc phc cc s khng ph hp v thc hin cc hnh ng gim nh cc hu
qu v OH&S;
b) iu tra cc s khng ph hp xc nh cc nguyn nhn ca chng v thc hin hnh ng
trnh ti din.
c) xc nh mc cn thit i vi (cc) hnh ng ngn nga (cc) s khng ph hp v
thc hin cc hnh ng thch hp trnh xy ra;
d) ghi chp cc kt qu ca hnh ng khc phc, phng nga thc hin v;
e) xem xt hiu lc ca (cc) hnh ng khc phc, phng nga thc hin;
u m hnh ng khc phc v phng nga xc nh c cc mi nguy mi, mi nguy b thay
i, nhu cu cn c cc bin php kim sot mi hay c sa i cc th tc ny i hi ton b
cc hnh ng khc phc v phng nga kin ngh u phi c xem xt qua qu trnh nh
gi ri ro trc khi thc hin.
Cc hnh ng khc phc hoc phng nga no c thc hin nhm loi b nguyn nhn ca s
khng ph hp thc t v tim n u phi tng xng vi tm quan trng ca cc vn v cc
mi nguy, ri ro v OH&S gp phi.
T chc phi m bo rng bt k s thay i cn thit no i vi ti liu h thng qun l
OH&S u c thc hin
4.5.4 kim sot h s
T chc phi thit lp v duy tr cc h s cn thit chng minh s ph hp vi cc yu cu
ca h thng qun l OH&S, cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny v cc kt qu t c.
T chc phi thit lp, thc hin v duy tr mt (hoc cc) th tc phn nh, lu gi, bo
qun, phc hi, duy tr v hu b cc h s.
Cc h s phi c lu gi v duy tr r rng, d nhn bit v truy tm ngun gc.
4.5.4 nh gi ni b
T chc phi m bo rng cc cuc nh gi ni b h thng qun l OH&S c tin hnh
theo theo nh k nhm:
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

14
a) Xc nh xem liu h thng qun l OH&S c:
1) Ph hp vi cc k hoch v qun l OH&S ra, k c cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny, v
2) c thc hin v duy tr mt cch ng n, v
b) Cung cp thng tin v kt qu nh gi cho ban lnh o.
(Cc) chng trnh nh gi phi c t chc ln k hoch, thit lp, thc hin v duy tr da
trn k t qu nh gi ri ro ca (cc) hot ng ca t chc v da trn cc kt qu ca cc cuc
nh gi trc y.
(Cc) th tc nh gi phi c thit lp, thc hin v duy tr nhm vo:
Cc trch nhim v cc yu cu i vi vic lp k hoch v tin hnh nh gi, bo co kt qu
v lu gi cc h s lin quan,
Xc nh chun mc, phm vi, tn sut v cc phng php nh gi.
Vic la chn cc chuyn gia nh gi v tin hnh cc cuc nh gi phi m bo tnh khch
quan v v t ca qu trnh nh gi.
4.6 Xem xt lnh o
Lnh o cp cao nht phi nh k xem xt h thng qun l OH&S ca t chc, m bo n
lun ph hp, tho ng, v c hiu lc. Cc cuc xem xt phi nh gi c c hi ci tin v
nhu cu thay i i vi h thng qun l OH&S, k c chnh sch OH&S, cc mc tiu v cc
ch tiu OH&S. H s ca cc cuc xem xt lnh o phi c lu gi.
u vo ca cc cuc xem xt ca lnh o phi bao gm:
a) Kt qu ca cc cuc nh gi ni b v nh gi s ph hp vi cc yu cu php lut v cc yu
cu khc m t chc tn thnh.
b) Trao i thng tin lin lc vi cc bn hu quan bn ngoi, k c cc khiu ni,
c) Kt qu hot ng OH&S ca t chc
d) Mc cc mc tiu v ch tiu t c
e) Tnh trng ca cc hnh ng khc phc v phng nga,
f) Cc hnh ng tip theo t cc cuc xem xt ca lnh o ln trc,
g) Cc tnh trng thay i, k c vic trin khai cc yu cu ca php lut v cc yu cu khc lin
quan n OH&S, v
h) Cc khuyn ngh v ci tin.
u ra ca vic xem xt ca lnh o phi ph hp vi cam kt ci tin thng xuyn v phi bao gm
mi quyt nh v hnh hnh ng c lin quan i vi cc thay i c th c i vi.
a) kt qu hot ng
b) chnh sch v mc tiu OH&S
c) cc ngun lc
d) cc yu t khc ca h thng qun l OH&S
cc u ra c lin quan ca vic xem xt ca lnh o phi c sn cho vic truyn t v tham
vn (xem 4.4.3)


PH LC A (tham kho)
Tng ng gia OHSAS 18001:2007; ISO 14001:2004 v ISO 9001:2000
iu OHSAS 18001:2007 iu ISO 14001:2004 iu ISO 9001:2000
1 Phm vi 1 Phm vi 1 Phm vi
2 n phm tham kho 2 Tiu chun trch dn 2 Tiu chun trch dn
OHSAS 18001:2007
15
3 Thut ng v nh
nghia
3 nh ngha 3 Thut ng v nh nghia
4 Cc yu cu ca h
thng qun l OH&S
4 Cc yu cu ca h thng
qun l mi trng
4 H thng qun l cht
lng
4.1 Yu cu chung 4.1 Yu cu chung 4..1 Cc yu cu chung
4.2 Chnh sch OH&S 4.2 Chnh sch mi trng 5.3 Chnh sch cht lng
4.3 Hoch nh 4.3 Hoch nh 5.4 Hoch nh
4.3.1 Xc nh mi nguy,
nh gi ri ro xc nh
cc bin php kim
sot
4.3.1 Cc kha cnh v mi
trng
4.2 H thng cht lng
4.3.2 Yu cu php l v yu
cu khc
4.3.2 Yu cu php l v yu
cu khc
6.4 Mi trng lm vic
4.3.3 Mc tiu 4.3.3 Mc tiu v ch tiu 4. H thng qun l cht
lng
4.3.4 Chng trnh qun l
OH&S
4.3.4 Chng trnh qun l mi
trng
4. H thng qun l cht
lng
4.4 Thc hin v iu hnh 4.4 Thc hin v iu hnh 4.2 Yu cu v h thng ti
liu
4.4.1 C cu t chc v trch
nhim
4.4.1 C cu t chc v trch
nhim
5,5 Trch nhim quyn hn
v trao i thng tin
4.4.2 o to, nhn thc v
nng lc
4.4.2 o to, nhn thc v nng
lc
6.2 Ngun nhn lc
4.4.3 Tham vn v trao i
thng tin
4.4.3 Trao i thng tin 5,5 Trch nhim quyn hn
v trao i thng tin
4.4.4 Lp ti liu 4.4.4 Lp ti liu h thng qun
l mi trng
4.2 Yu cu v h thng ti
liu
4.4.5 Kim sot ti liu v d
liu
4.4.5 Kim sot ti liu 4.2 Yu cu v h thng ti
liu
4.4.6 Kim sot tc nghip 4.4.6 Kim sot tc nghip 7
To sn phm

BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

16
4.4.7 Chun b v p ng
tnh hung khn cp
4.4.7 Chun b v p ng tnh
hung khn cp
- -
4.5 Kim tra v hnh ng
khc phc
4.5 Kim tra v hnh ng
khc phc
8.3 Kim sot sn phm
khng ph hp
4.5.1 o lng v theo di
kt qu hot ng
4.5.1 o lng v theo di
8.2 Theo di v o lng
4.5.2 Tai nn, s c, s
khng ph hp v hnh
ng khc phc v
phng nga
4.5.2 S khng ph hp v hnh
ng khc phc v phng
nga
8.3 Kim sot sn phm
khng ph hp
4.5.3 H s v qun l h s 4.5.3 H s 4.2 Yu cu v h thng ti
liu
4.5.4 nh gi 4.5.4 nh gi h thng qun l
mi trng
8.2 Theo di v o lng
4.6 Xem xt ca lnh o 4.6 Xem xt ca lnh o 5.6 Xem xt ca lnh o
Ph
lc
A
Tng ng gia
OHSAS 18001, ISO
14001 v ISO 9001
Ph
lc
B
Tng ng vi ISO 9001 - -
- Th mc Ph
lc
C
Th mc Ph
lc
A
Th mc
- (Xem OHSAS 18002) Ph
lc
A
Hng dn s dng quy
nh
Ph
lc
B
-

Th mc


[1] ISO 9001:2000, H thng cht lng: M hnh m bo cht lng trong thit k, pht trin,
sn xut, lp t v dch v.
[2] ISO 14001:2004, H thng qun l mi trng Quy nh vi hng dn s dng.
[3] ISO/IEC Hng dn s 2:1996, Tiu chun ha v cc hot ng c lin quan T vng
chung
OHSAS 18001:2007
17

Ti liu h tr
Cc n phm v Tiu chun Anh Quc
BS 8800:1996, Hng dn h thng an ton v sc khe ngh nghip
BS EN 30011-1:1993, Hng dn nh gi h cht lng nh gi.
BS EN 30011-2:1993, Hng dn nh gi h cht lng Chun mc trnh chuyn gia nh
gi.
BS EN ISO 9001:1994, H thng cht lng: M hnh m bo cht lng trong thit k, pht
trin, sn xut, lp t v dch v.
BS EN ISO 14001:1996, H thng qun l mi trng Quy nh vi hng dn s dng.

Cc n phm ca y ban/Thng trc v sc khe v an ton
[1] y ban v an ton v sc khe. Qun l an ton v sc khe ti ni lm vic, 1992.
Lun n: Vn phng
[2] Thng trc v sc khe v an ton.Qun l thnh cng an ton v sc khe: HS (G) 65,
1997
Lun n: Vn phng
im hi p cng cng:
Trung tm HSE
Broad Lane
Shffield S3 7HQ
Tel: 0114 289 2345
Fax: 0114 289 2333
Gi cc ti liu HSE v n phm min ph c sn ti:
Ca hng sch HSE
PO Box 199
Sudbury
Suffork C10 6FS
Tel: 0178 788 1165
BS- OHSAS 18001:2007

18
Fax: 0178 731 1995