1 (Grammar Patterns 1) : Doajob

- 1 (Grammar Patterns
1)
(Spoken English)

.
"Grammar Patterns"
,
,
"I do a job"

"
."

.

"
."

"do a job"

" "
. "
,
,
"
73

.
do a job
1. I do a Job.
.
2. I am doing a job.
3. I did a job.
.
4. I didn't do a job.
.
5. I will do a job.
(
) .
6. I won't do a job.
.
7. Usually I don't do a job.

8. I am not doing a job.
9. I was doing a job.
10. I wasn't doing a job.
11. I will be doing a job.
12. I won't be doing a job.
13. I am going to do a job.
.
14. I was going to do a job.
.
15. I can do a job.
16. I am able to do a job.

17. I can't do a job.
18. I am unable to do a job.

.
19. I could do a job.
20. I was able to do a job.

.
21. I couldn't do a job.
22. I was unable to do a job.

.
23. I will be able to do a job.

.
24. I will be unable to do a job.

.
25. I may be able to do a job.

.
26. I should be able to do a job.

27. I have been able to do a job. (Perfect Tense
.
28. I had been able to do a job.

.
29. I may do a job.
30. I might do a job.
31. I may be doing a job.
.
32. I must do a job.
(
)

.(
)
33. I must not do a job.
.
34. I should do a job.

. (
)
35. I shouldn't do a job.
.
36. I ought to do a job.

. (
)
37. I don't mind doing a job.

.
38. I have to do a job.
/

.
39. I don't have to do a job.
.
40. I had to do a job.
.
41. I didn't have to do a job.
.
42. I will have to do a job.

.
43. I won't have to do a job.

.
44. I need to do a job.
) .
45. I needn't to do a job.
45. I don't need to do a job.

.
46. He seems to be doing a job.
.
47. He doesn't seem to be doing a job.
.
48. He seemed to be doing a job.
.
49. He didn't seem to be doing a job.

50. Doing a job is useful.
(
) .
51. Useless doing a job.

.
52. It is better to do a job.

.
53. I had better do a job.

.
54. I made him do a job.

.
55. I didn't make him do a job.

56. To do a job I am going to America.
57. I used to do a job.
.
58. Shall I do a Job?
?
59. Lets do a job.
.
60. I feel like doing a job.

.
61. I don't feel like doing a job.

.
62. I felt like doing a job.

.
63. I didn't feel like doing a job.

.
64. I have been doing a job.
65. I had been doing a job.
66. I see him doing a job.
.
67. I don't see him doing a job.
.
68. I saw him doing a job.

.
69. I didn't see him doing a job.

.
70. If I do a job, I will get experience.
.
71. If I don't do a job, I won't get experience.

.
72. If I had done a job, I would have got experience.
.(
)
73. It is time I did a job.

"do a job"

"doing a
job"

'ing'

"ing"

.
Verb with + ing: 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 31, 37, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65,
66, 67, 68, 69.
:
speak in English
speaking in English.

.
Homework:
10
73

.
1. I speak in English.
.
2. I write a letter.

.
3. I play cricket.
.
4. I fill up the form.
.
5. I go to school.

.
6. I do my homework.
.
7. I read a book.

.
8. I travel by bus.
.
9. I look for a job.
.
10. I ride a bike.
"speak in English"
:
I speak in English.
.
I am speaking in English.
I spoke in English.
.
I didn't speak in English.
.
I will speak in English.
.
(

)

73
.

.
Long Forms = Sort Forms
Do + not = Dont
Does + not = Doesnt
Did + not = Didnt
Will + not = Wont
Was + not = Wasnt

Were + not = Werent
Can + not = Cant
Could + not = Couldnt
Have + not = Havent
Has + not = Hasnt
Had + not = Hadnt
Need + not = Neednt
Must + not = Mustnt
Should + not = Shouldnt
Would + not Wouldn't
Grammar Patterns 2
Grammar Patterns 3
73
,
,

"

."

. "

"
"Well Begun is Half

Done "
, "

"
- 2 (Grammar Patterns 2)
"

-1" -

.
I am

.
He, She, It
"Third Person Singular" "is "
1, 7, 8, 13, 16, 18, 27, 37, 38, 39, 56, 60, 61, 64, 71

"speak in English"

.
"
" (I)
"
" (He)
"He speaks in English -
, He spoke in English -
, He wiil speak in
English -
"
73

..
Aangilam Grammar
2...
speak in English
1. He speaks in English.
.
2. He is speaking in English.
3. He spoke in English.
.
4. He didn't speak in English.
.
5. He will speak in English.
.
6. He wont speak in English.
.
7. Usually he doesn't speak in English.

.
8. He is not speaking in English.
9. He was speaking in English.
10. He wasn't speaking in English.
.
11. He will be speaking in English.
.
12. He wont be speaking in English.
.
13. He is going to speak in English.
.
14. He was going to speak in English.
.
15. He can speak in English.
16. He is able to speak in English.
.
17. He cant speak in English.
18. He is unable to speak in English.
.
19. He could speak in English.
20. He was able to speak in English.
.
21. He couldn't speak in English.
22. He was unable to speak in English.
.
23. He will be able to speak in English.
.
24. He will be unable to speak in English.
.
25. He may be able to speak in English.
.
26. He should be able to speak in English.
.
27. He has been able to speak in English.
.
28. He had been able to speak in English.
.
29. He may speak in English.
30. He might speak in English.
31. He may be speaking in English.
.
32. He must speak in English.

. (
)
33. He must not speak in English.

.
34. He should speak in English.

. (
)
35. He shouldn't speak in English.

. (
.
36. He ought to speak in English.
. (
)
37. He doesn't mind speaking in English.
.
38. He has to speak in English.
.
39. He doesnt have to speak in English.
.
40. He had to speak in English.
.
41. He didnt have to speak in English.
.
42. He will have to speak in English.
.
43. He wont have to speak in English.
.
44. He needs to speak in English.
.
45. He needn't to speak in English.
45. He doesn't need to speak in English.
.
46. He seems to be speaking in English.
.
47. He doesn't seem to be speaking in English.
.
48. He seemed to be speaking in English.
.
49. He didn't seem to be speaking in English.
.
50. Speaking in English is useful.
(
)
.
51. Useless speaking in English.
(
)
.
52. It is better to speak in English.

.
53. He had better speak in English.
.
54. He made her speak in English.

.
55. He didn't make her speak in English.

.
56. To speak in English.He is practicing.
57. He used to speak in English.
.
58. Shall I speak in English?

?
59. Lets speak in English.
.
60. He feels like speaking in English.
.
61. He doesn't feel like speaking in English.
.
62. He felt like speaking in English.
.
63. He didn't feel like speaking in English.
.
64. He has been speaking in English.
/
65. He had been speaking in English.
66. I see him speak in English.
.
67. I dont see him speak in English.
.
68. I saw him speak in English.
.
69. I didn't see him speak in English.
.
70. If he speaks in English, he will get a good job.

.
71. If he doesn't speak in English, he wont get a good job.

.
72. If he had spoken in English, he would have got a good job.

.(
)
73. It is time he spoke in English.

:
1.

. "He
speaks in English" "
. "speak"
"s"
. "Third Person Singular"

He, She, It

s, es
.
Third Person Singular "He, She, It: Infinitive + e, es"

.
2.
"speak in English"

"speaking in English"
.
Verb with + ing: 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 31, 37, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65,
66, 67, 68, 69.
:
speak in English
speaking in English.
"ing"

.
Homework:
"ing"

He drives a car.
.
She goes to school.

.
Sarmilan gets up early morning.
.
Nithya comes to the office.
.
He apologizes with her.

.
My mother opens a current account.

73
(Spoken English)

.
.

.
3 (Grammar Patterns 3)

Grammar Patterns -1, Grammar Patterns -2

,
Grammar
Petterns -3
73

.
Grammar Patterns -1
Grammar Patterns -2
.

"Grammar Patterns
3"
Grammar Patterns -1 I "First

Person Singular" "am"

Grammar Patterns -2 He, She, It " Third Person Singular" "is"

Grammar Patterns -3 "You" "Second Person Singular"
,
"We,They, You "Plural"
, "are"

.
"You - /
"
, "We -
/
/
/
, They
/
"are"

.
"Grammar Patterns 3"

"We are going to school"
"are"

2, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 56,
"go to school"

.
.
Aangilam Grammar
3...
1. We go to school.

.
2. We are going to school.
3. We went to school.
.
4. We didn't go to school.

.
5. We will go to school.
.
6. We wont go to school.

.
7. Usually we dont go to school.

.
8. We are not going to school.
9. We were going to school.
10. We weren't going to school.
.
11. We will be going to school.
12. We wont be going to school.

.
13. We are going to go to school.

.
14. We were going to go to school.

.
15. We can go to school.
16. We are able to go to school.

.
17. We cant go to school
18. We are unable to go to school.

.
19. We could go to school.
20. We were able to go to school.

.
21. We couldn't go to school.
22. We were unable to go to school.

.
23. We will be able to go to school.
.
24. We will be unable to go to school
.
25. We may be able to go to school.
.
26. We should be able to go to school.
.
27. We have been able to go to school

.
28. We had been able to go to school.

.
29. We may go to school.
30. We might go to school.
31. We may be going to school
.
32. We must go to school.
. (
)
33. We must not go to school.

. (
)
34. We should go to school.
. (
)
35. We shouldn't go to school.
)
36. We ought to go to school.
. (
)
37. We dont mind going to school.

.
38. We have to go to school.
.
39. We dont have to go to school.

.
40. We had to go to school.

.
41. We didnt have to go to school.

.
42. We will have to go to school.
.
43. We wont have to go to school.

.
44. We need to go to school.

.
45. We needn't to go to school.
45. We don't need to go to school.

.
46. He seems to be going to school.

.
47. He doesn't seem to be going to school.

.
48. He seemed to be going to school.

.
49. He didn't seem to be going to school.
50. Going to school is useful.

(
)
.
51. Useless going to school.
(
)
.
52. It is better to go to school.

.
53. We had better go to school.

.
54. We made him go to school.

.
55. We didn't make him go to school.

.
56. To go to school we are ready.
.
57. We used to go to school

.
58. Shall we go to school?
/
?
59. Lets go to school.
.
60. We feel like going to school.

.
61. We dont feel like going to school.

.
62. We felt like going to school.

.
63. We didn't feel like going to school.

.
64. We have been going to school.
65. We had been going to school.
66. We see him going to school.
67. We dont see him going to school.

.
68. We saw him going to school.

.
69. We didn't see him going to school.

.
70. If we go to school, we will get good results.

.
71. If we dont go to school, we wont get good results.

.
72. If we gone to school, we would have got good results.

. (

)
73. It is time we went to school.

.
Home work:
1. We pray.
.
2. We learn English.
.
3. We watch movie.
.
4. We listen to songs.
.
5. We have lunch.
73

73
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aangilam.blogspot.com

"ing"

.
Verb with + ing: 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 31, 37, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65,
66, 67, 68, 69.
Example:
We pray
We are praying.
(Simple Present Tense)
Grammar Patterns 1, Grammar Patterns 2, Grammar Patterns 3

73

.
73
Grammar Patterns 1
"I do a job"
1. I do a job
"I do a job"

Simple
Present Tense
Present Simple Tense

"Simple Present Tense""

.
Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb
1. I/ You/ We/ They + __ + do a job.
2. He/ She/ It + __ + does a job.

"Auxiliary verb" "

.
Auxiliary verb + Subject + Main verb
1. Do + I/ you/ we/ they + do a job?
2. Does + he/ she/ it + do a job.
"Auxiliary verb"
Do/
Does

"Subject"
.m...
1
Do you do a job?

?
Yes, I do a job
,
.
No, I dont do a job. (do + not)
.
Do you speak in English?

?
Yes, I speak in English.
No, I dont speak in English. (do + not)
.
Do you go to school?

?
Yes, I go to school.
,
.
No, I dont go to school. (do + not)
,

.
Do you love me?

?
Yes, I love you.
.
No, I dont love you. (do + not)

.
I (
)

"You, We, They - /
/
"

.
50
.
1. I wake up too early every day

.
2. I brush my teeth twice a day.

.
3. I have a bath.
.
4. I have breakfast.
.
5. I travel by bus.
6. I go to school.
.
7. I go to Kowloon Park every Sunday.

.
8. I read a book.
.
9. I write an article.

.
10. I like chocolate ice-cream.
11. I pay the loan.
.
12. I borrow some books from my friend.
.
13. I leave from class.
.
14. I try to go.

.
15. I have a rest.
.
16. I answer the phone.
17. I watch a movie.
.
18. I worry about that.
.
19. I drive a car.

.
20. I read the news paper.
.
21. I play football.
.
22. I boil water.
23. I have some tea.

.
24. I do my homework.
.
25. I deposit money in the bank.
.
26. I wait for you.
.
27. I operate the computer.
()
28. I follow a computer course.
.
29. I practice my religion.
.
30. I listen to news.
.
31. I speak in English.
.
32. I prepare tea.
.
33. I help my mother.

.
34. I celebrate my birthday.

.
35. I enjoy Tamil songs.
.
36. I negotiate my salary.
.
37. I change my clothes.
.
38. I go to market.
.
39. I choose a nice shirt.

.
40. I buy a trouser.
.
41. I love Tamil.
.
42. I remember this place.
43. I take a transfer.
()
.
44. I renovate the house.
.
45. I give up this habit.
()
.
46. I fly to America.
.
47. I solve my problems.

.
48. I improve my English knowledge.

.
49. I practice English at night.
.
50. I dream about my bright future.

(
).
2
" 1"
50
.
50
He / She / It

He/ She/ It

"Third Person Singular"
s, es

. He/ She/ It Infinitive + e, es

.
Grammar Patterns 2

:
He does a job. -
.
She does a job. -
.
It does a job. -
.
He speaks in English -
.
She speaks in English. -
.
It speaks in English. -
"Third Person Singular"

.
2. Does + he/ she/ it + do a job?
"Auxiliary verb" 'Does'
"Subject"
.
Does he do a job?
?
Yes, he does a job
,
.
No, he doesnt do a job. (does + not)
.
Does he speak in English?

?
Yes, he speaks in English.
No, he doesnt speak in English. (does + not)
.
Does she go to school?

?
Yes, she goes to school.
,
.
No, she doesnt go to school. (does + not)
,

.
:
He -
'
'
.
She -
'
'
.
It -
''
:
He/ She/ It - makes a coffee - (make)
He/ She/ It - thinks about that (think)
He/ She/ It - loves ice-cream. (love)
Suvethine makes a coffee. -

.
Sarmilan loves his motherland. -
Cat thinks about rat. -
ies
. (
:
try - tries
worry - worries
s, x, z, ch, sh, 0"

es
:
do - does
go - goes
have - has
('have'
'has'
.)
(Signal Words)
always
often
usually
sometimes
seldom
never
every day
every week
every year
on Monday
after school

"

?"

.
Where do you live?

?
I live in Hong Kong.
, "

"

.
,
"
"
(diagrams)
- 2
5 (Present Continuous Tense)

73

Grammar Patterns
1, Grammar Patterns 2, Grammar Patterns 3

"
1"

I am doing a job.
"
" (Present Continuous Tense)
.

"

?"
.
What are you doing?

What are you doing now?

. "Practical Training"

,

.

Positive (Affirmative)
Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb with ing
1. I + am + doing a job
2. He/ She/ It + is + doing a job.
3. You/ We/ They + are + doing a job.

(Subject)
Form
"ing"

.
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Main verb with ing
1. I + am + not + doing a job
2. He/ She/ It + is + not + doing a job.
3. You/ We/ They + are + not + doing a job.
Question (Interrogative)
Auxiliary verb + Subject + Main verb with ing
1. Am + I + doing a job?
2. Is + he/ she/ It + doing a job?
3. Are + you/ we/ they + doing a job?
"Subject"
"Auxiliary verb "

Are you doing a job?

?
Yes, I am doing a job. (Im)
.
No, I am not doing a job. (Im not)
.
Are you speaking in English?
?
Yes, I am speaking in English. (Im)
.
No, I am not speaking in English. (Im not)
.
Are you going to school?

?
Yes, I am going to school. (Im)
.
No, I am not going to school. (Im not)
50
.
, "What are you doing now?"

...
2. I am going to the bathroom.
.
3. I am brushing my teeth.
4. I am having a bath.
5. I am having some tea.
6. I am dressing up.
7. I am watching a movie.
8. I am having breakfast.
9. I am teaching at the university.
10. I am writing a story.
11. I am traveling by bus.
12. I am painting my room.
13. I am living in California
14. I am working in the office

15. I am doing my duty.
16. I am operating a computer.
17. I am driving a car.
18. I am asking some questions with them.

19. I am sharing my lunch.
(
) .
20. I am working as a team.

21. I am talking with my friends.
.
22. I am praying for you.
(
)
23. I am waiting for you.
24. I am coming back home.
25. I am having a body wash.

(
)
26. I am changing my clothes.
27. I am having a cup of coffee.
28. I am reading the newspaper.

.
29. I am walking in the street.
30. I am smoking cigarette.
31. I am listening to music.
(
).
32. I am cracking jokes with others.

33. I am playing football.
34. I am answering the phone.
35. I am having a rest.
36. I am studying for the exam.
37. I am reading a book.
38. I am watching an English film.
.
39. I am thinking about that.
40. I am preparing tea.
41. I am rectifying mistakes.
42. I am writing an article.
43. I am translating English to Tamil.

44. I am improving my English knowledge.
45. I am having dinner.
46. I am singing a song.
()
.
47. I am doing my homework.
48. I am practicing my English.
()
49. I am praying now.
50. I am sleeping.

50
2
Positive
2. He/ She/ It + is + doing a job.
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Main verb with ing
2. He + She/ It/ is + not + doing a job?
Question
2. Is + he/ she/ It + doing a job?
1
50
.
50
He / She / It

:
Is he doing a job?
?
Yes, he is doing a job. (hes)
.
No, he is not doing a job. (isnt)
.
Is she going to school?
?
Yes, she is going to school. (shes)
No, she is not going to school. (isnt)
Is it working?

?
Yes, it is working. (its)
.
No, it is not working. (isnt)
Its
It + is
sort form It's
.
Its
It + was
sort form It's
.
Its been
It + has been
sort form It's been
. (

" It's"
"been"

.)
Its
Its ""

.
50
you, we, they

.
Positive
3. You/ We/ They + are + doing a job.
Negative
3. You/ We/ They + are + not + doing a job
Question.
3. Are + you/ we/ they + doing a job?
:
Are they doing a job?
?
Yes, they are doing a job. (theyre)
.
No, they are not doing a job. (arent)
.
Are they speaking in English?
Yes, they are speaking in English. (theyre)
.
No, they are not speaking in English. (arent)
.
Are we going to school?
?
Yes, we are going to school. (Were)
.
No, we are not going to school. (arent)
(Present Continuous)
.
1. At the time of speeches
:
I am reading a book at the moment.
(
). (
.)
2. Temporary Situations
:
At school, we are studying about classical languages in the week.
.
"
"
"

"
"

"
3. Planned activities (Future Reference)
:
I am coming tomorrow.
"I am coming"
"
." "

"
tomorrow ""

.
For Future Reference:
tomorrow
next week
4. To describe repeated action
:
My brother always interrupting me when I study.

(Signal words)
now
at the moment
today
this week
!

.
Grammar Patterns 1, 2, 3
; 73

.
"

" (Noun)
"
" (Pronoun)

, 32

.
"to be" form

"

"
(Types of Nouns)
(Pronouns)
Sarmilan is a Manager.

.
(

. "
"

.
.
"
"

"

,
, ...
, ...
, ...
, ...
, ...
".
.
"
"

.
"
"
"
"
(He is a Manager. -
)
.

.
Grammar Patterns
4...
Practice the following Grammar Patterns daily.

1. He is a Manager.

.
(

)
2. He can be a Manager

.

.
3. He was a Manager.

.
4. He would have been a Manager

.
5. He may be a Manager

.
6. He may have been a Manager

.
7. He will be a Manager.

.
8. He must be a Manager.

.
9. He must have been a Manager.

.
10. He seems to be a Manager.

.
11. He doesn't seem to be a Manager.

.
12. He seemed to be a Manager.
.
13. He didn't seem to be a Manager.

.
14. He has to be a Manager.

(
)
.
15. He should be a Manager.

(
)
.
16. He ought to be a Manager.
.
17. He doesnt have to be a Manager.

(
)
.
18. He neednt be a Manager.

.
19. He has been a Manager.
.
20. He had been a Manager.
.
21. He had to be a Manager.
.
22. He didnt have to be a Manager.
.
23. He must not be a Manager.

(
)
.

.
24. He shouldnt be a Manager.

.

.
25. He won't be a Manager.

.
26. He can't be a Manager.

.

.
27. He could have been a Manager.

.
28. He should have been a Manager.
29. He ought to have been a Manager.

.
30. He needn't have been a Manager.

.
31. He shouldn't have been a Manager.

.
32. He being a Manager, he knows the work.

.
Homework:

32
She is a nurse.
.
He is a teacher.

.
She is a domestic helper.

. (

)
Karunanithi is a Chief Minister.

.
Donald Tsang is a chief executive of Hong Kong.
:
"is"

.
She is a nurse.
She _____ a nurse.
She _______ a nurse
:
. "

."

,
"

."

.
"

"

. (
)
. (

)
Sarmilan was a Manager.
.
Sarmilan will be a Manager.
.

.

.
7 (have/ have got)
Grammar Patterns 1, 2, 3 (Verb)
73

. Grammar Patterns 4
(Noun) 32
"
"

.
(have)

.
Have

. "I have work."

,
,
"
23

Grammar Patterns

, Grammar Patterns 1

.
Practice the following Grammar Patterns Daily
1. I have work.
2. I have got work.

.
3. I dont have work.
4. I haven't got work.

.
5. I had work.

.
6. I didn't have work.
.
7. I may have work.
8. I might have work.
9. I may be having work.

.
10. I must have work.

.
11. I should have work.

.
12. I ought to have work.

.
13. I must be having work.
.
14. I could have had work.

.
15. I should have had work.

.
16. I may have had work.
.
17. I must have had work.

.
18. I would have had work.
.
19. I shouldn't have had work.

.
20. I needn't have had work.

.
21. I will have work.

.
22. I won't have work.
23. I wish I had work.

.
Homework:

"
"

23
,

1. I have an interview
.
2. I have money

.
3. I have a Tamil dictionary

.
4. I have a kind heart.

.
5. I have two brothers and three sisters

.
6. I have fever.
.
7. I have cough and cold.

.
8. I have a beautiful house

.
9. I have a car

.
10. I have pass port.
"a"
"an"
Use a/an - Vowels and Consonant

"have"
.
have

,
,

.
1. "Possession"

:
Does he have a car?

?
Do you have a beautiful house?

?
2. "Relationships"

:
How many brothers do you have?
?
3. "Illnesses"

:
:
Do you have fever?
?
Do you have cough and cold?

?
4. "Characteristics"
,

:
Do you have an interview?
?
Do you have a kind heart?

, ,

,

,

"Have"
"have got"

.
I have work.
I have got work.
"

"

. have/ have got

"have got"

,

"got" "get"
Past Tense/Past Participle "got"
have, have got

.
Do you have a cold?
Have you got a cold?
Yes, I have a cold.
Yes, I have got a cold.
Do you have a house in the country?
Have you got a house in the country?
Yes, I have a house in the country.
Yes, I have got a house in the country.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
Have you got any brothers or sisters?
No, I dont have any brothers or sisters.
No, I havent got any brothers or sisters.

.

.

"
"
8 (there is)

7 "
"
"have/have got"

"there is"

.
"there
is"

,
"have"
"
"

.
There is + "
"

22

"
"

.

.
"Well begun is half done"
"
"

"
"
01

.
There is a book.
.
There is not a book. (isnt)
.
There are books.
. (
/ Plural)
There are not books. (arent)
. (
/ Plural)
There can be a book.
.
There can't be a book.
.
There will be a book.
.
There won't be a book.
.
There was a book.
.
There would have been a book.
.
There were books
. (
/ Plural)
There must be a book.
(
)

.
There must have been a book.
. (
)
There may be a book.
.
There may have been a book.
.
There has to a book.
.
There have to be books.
. (
/ Plural)
There should be a book.
.
There ought to be a book.
.
There has been a book.
.
There had been a book.
.
There have been books.
. (
/ Plural)
Home work:
There is a book on the table. (3, 4, 11, 17, 22 Plural)
There is an election in the USA .(3, 4, 11, 17, 22 Plural)
There are two classical languages in India. (1, 2, 9, 16, 20 Singular)
.
There are 1652 languages in India. (1, 2, 9, 16, 20 Singular)
1652
.
There are 6760 languages in the world. (1, 2, 9, 16, 20 Singular)
6760
.
There are hundred of vegetable items in the market. (1, 2, 9, 16, 20 Singular)
3, 4, 11, 17, 22

(Plural)

1, 2, 9, 16, 20

(Singular)

(Have / There is)

have
,

"
"
.
there is - "
"

.
:
I have a book. "

"
"

.
"There is a book on the table."
"

"
?
?
. "
." "
."

:
Here
There
Here and there
"There"
"
"
"There is +"

.
"
(Irregular verbs)

"Irregular verbs"

.

"

10"

.
"Irregular verbs"

http://aangilam.page.tl/Irregular-verbs.htm
.
irregular
vers.mp3

"Irregular verbs"
.

,
(Past Tense)

"Passive Voice"
"Irregular verbs"

"
"

"

"

.
.

.

, English listening Practice, through
Tamil, in Tamil, with Tamil, English irregular verbs with Tamil Explanation.
10 (Simple Past Tense)
Grammar Patters 1

73
.

3, 4
3. I did a job
4. I didnt do a job.

"Simple Past Tense"

"Past Simple Tense"
"Simple Past Tense"

.
I/He/She/It/You/We/They + __ + did a job.
"Subject"
. (Auxiliary verb) " "

.
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Main verb
I/He/She/It/You/We/They + did + not + do a job
Did + I/he/she/it/you/we/they + do a job?
"Subject"
,
(Auxiliary verb
:
Did you do a job?

?
Yes, I did a job
,
.
No, I didnt do a job. (did + not)
.
Did you speak in English?

?
Yes, I spoke in English.
No, I didnt speak in English. (did + not)
.
Did you go to school?

?
Yes, I went to school.
,
.
No, I didnt go to school. (did + not)
,

.

.
1. I answered the phone
2. I studied English for ten years.

.
3. I applied for vacancies.
4. I forgave him.
.
5. I travelled by MTR.
MTR
. (

)
6. I came back last Friday.
.
7. I asked for an increment.
(/
)
.
8. I bought a car.

.
9. I wrote an article.

.
10. I borrowed money from Sarmilan.
.
11. I lent a book to Ravi.
12. I cracked jokes with others.
.
13. I boiled water.
14. I got wet.
.
15. I gave priority to my works.

.
16. I got confrontation with my Boss.
.
17. I got an appointment.

.
18. I got into the bus.
.
19. I got a loan from the bank.
.
20. I read Thinakkural News paper.
.
21. I escaped from the danger.
.
22. I studied in Jaffna.
.
23. I ironed my clothes.
.
24. I invited my friends.
.
25. I deposited money to the bank.
.
26. I born in 1998.
1998
.
27. I played football.
28. I introduced her to my family.
29. I inquired about this.
.
30. I informed to police.
.
31. I learned driving in Hong Kong.

32. I met Kavitha yesterday

.
33. I married in 1995.
1995
.
34. I played Guitar.
.
35. I visited Thailand last year.
(

.
36. I opened a current account.

.
37. I sent a message.

.
38. I paid in Installments.
(
)
.
39. I taught English.
.
40. I went to university.
.
41. I repaid the loan.
.
42. I arrived ten minutes ago.

.
43. I lived in Bangkok for two years.

.
44. I worked very hard.

.
45. I left from home.
.
46. I sang a song.

.
47. I practiced English last night.
.
48. I forgot her.
.
49. I decorated my house.

.
50. I wrote a letter to my mother.

.
Homework:
1: I (
)

.

You, He, She, It, We, They

.
Subject + Main verb +
I spoke in English. -
.
You spoke in English. -
.
He spoke in English. -
.
She spoke in English. -
.
It spoke in English. -
.
We spoke in English.
.
They spoke in English. -
2:

4

50
"verb"
Irregular verbs
3:
'

'

'

'

:

,
.
1. Regular verbs - with regular verbs + ed
2. Irregular verbs - The past form for irregular verbs is variable. You need to learn it by
heart.
1. Regular verbs -

ed

:
I played cricket
I visited Japan last year
I watched TV last night
Study
"y"

- ied

.
:
I studied English.
Live, Love

" e"

- d
:
I lived in Australia for two years.
2. Irregular verbs -

Irregular verbs

.
Irregular verbs
.
I
I
I
I
I
fell off a horse yesterday.

went to school
taught English
wrote a letter
slept yesterday
[Simple Past - Signal words]
yesterday
Last night/ week/ year/century
A month ago
In 2007
In the past
(Pronunciation)
"regular verbs" ed
.
.
Agreed -
g
d
Loved -
d
Judged -
Begged -
d
Cleaned -
d

(
D)
.
Stopped - /t/
Laughed - /t/
Washed - /t/
Watched - /t/
Talked - /t/
(
t)

.
Needed - d
d
Collected -
d
(
d)

.
!
11 (Simple Future Tense)
Grammar Patterns -1

1

.
"
"
5. I will do a job
. (
)
6. I wont do a job. (will + not)
5, 6
"Simple Future Tense"

.
Form
,
,

,
"will"

.
I /You /He /She /It / We / You /They + will + do a job.
"Subject"
.
Negative

I /You /He /She /It /You /We /They + wont + do a job
Will + I /you /he /she /it /you /we /they + do a job?
"Subject"
"Auxiliary verb"
.
Will you do a job?

?
Yes, I will do a job
,
.
No, I wont do a job. (will + not)
.
Will you speak in English?

?
Yes, I will speak in English.
No, I wont speak in English. (will + not)
.
Will you go to school?

?
Yes, I will go to school.
,
.
No, I wont go to school. (will + not)
,

.

.
1. I will open the door.
.
2. I will apply for vacancies.
3. I will speak in English fluently.

. (
)
4. I will ask for an increment.

(/
)
.
5. I will ask for a transfer.
.
6. I will celebrate my birthday.

.
7. I will consult Dr. Sivaram.
(
)
.
8. I will control my temper.

.
9. I will negotiate the auto charges.
.
10. I will stop smoking.
.
11. I will help him.
.
12. I will open a current account.

.
13. I will obey your rules and regulations.
.
14. I will pick up this work.
.
15. I will resign from the job.

.
16. I will correct the mistakes.
.
17. I will play football.
.
18. I will do my duty.
.
19. I will follow a computer course.

.
20. I will forget her.
.
21. I will solve problems.
22. I will speak English in the office
.
23. I will go to university.
.
24. I will translate English to Tamil.

.
25. I will give up these habits.
.
26. I will study for the exam.
.
27. I will do my homework.
.
28. I will become stronger.
.
29. I will become chief executive of Hong Kong.

.
30. I will become prime minister of India.
.
31. I will take treatment for my hand.

.
32. I will introduce him to you.

.
33. I will untie this knot.

.
34. I will build my dream house.

/.
35. I will co-operate with others.
.
36. I will discuss about this problem.
.
37. I will drop you in Vavuniya junction.
.
38. I will buy a bens car.
39. I will bank the money.
.
40. I will come up in my life.
.
41. I will draw salary US$ 100,000 monthly.
.
42. I will fly to America.
(
.
43. I will go to Europe.
44. I will invite my friends for festival.
.
45. I will improve my English knowledge.

.
46. I will practice English at night.
.
47. I will become wealthy.
.
48. I will get married after few months.
.
49. I will become chief executive.

.
50. I will become famous in the world.

.
Homework:
A.
You, He, She, It, We, You, They

.
B.

50
.
C.

(Simple Future Tense)

"will"

,
"Spoken English"
.
"I am speaking in English"

"
"
.
(
. BBC

.
BBC Business English
(Pronounciation)
,

"short form"
"short form"
.
Affirmative short form
I will - I'll
You will - You'll
He will - He'll
She will - She'll
It will - It'll
We will - We'll
You will - You'll
They will - They'll
Negative short forms

"Sort Forms"

.
I will not - I'll not - I won't
You will not - You'll not - You won't
He will not - He'll not - He won't
She will not - She'll not - She won't
It will not - It'll not - It won't
We will not - We'll not - We won't

You will not - You'll not - You won't
They will not - They'll not - They won't
wont
will + not
. (Short form of will + not)

want - "
"
.)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Future will
Future going to
Present continuous used as future.
Future Continuous
Future perfect simple
Future perfect continuous
Future will

Future "will"
.
1.
,

,
I will come tomorrow. -

He will work with us. -
.
I will win. -
.
2.
.
I think the Indian cricket team will win the match.
.
I think you will like her
100%
.
(
"Future prediction"
"will"
probably, possibly, I think, I hope.

3.
"will"

.
I will be there on time.
(
)
(promise)
. (

)
I promise, I will be there on time, dont worry.
(
)
,
.

"
"
(
)
. (
.)

13

(23 2008)

11,000
.
(

) 27
21,000

. 2008 6

PKP

"1000"

.
Traffic Statistics
200
Subscribers
"
"
.
"

"

!!

HK Arun
12 (Past Continuous Tense)

Grammar Patterns 1 9
10
.
Grammar Patterns 2,Grammar Patterns 3

.
"Past Continuous Tense"
"Past Progressive Tense"

"

"
1

.
"Grammar Patterns"
9, 10
I, He, She, It,
"was"

. You, We, They "were"
.
Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb + ing
I /He /She /It + was + doing a job.
You / We /They + were + doing a job.
'Subject'
.
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Main verb + ing
I /He /She /It + wasnt + doing a job
You /We /They + werent + doing a job
Auxiliary verb + Subject + Main verb + ing
Was + I /he /she /it + doing a job?
Were + you /we /they + doing a job?
Auxiliary verb " "
, Subject "
"

.
Were you doing a job?

?
Yes, I was doing a job.
.
No, I wasnt doing a job. (was + not)
.
Was he speaking in English?
?
Yes, he was speaking in English.
No, he wasnt speaking in English. (was + not)
.
Were you going to school?
?
Yes, we were going to school.
.
No, we werent going to school. (were + not)
(Affirmative Sentences)
25
.
1. I was reading a book.
2. I was looking for a job.
.
3. I was studying.
4. I was watching television.
5. I was making dinner.
() .
6. I was waiting in the bus stand.
.
7. I was waiting for you.
8. I was talking with my fiance
.
9. I was snowboarding.
10. I was driving through the desert.

(
)
.
11. I was sitting at the class room.
12. I was listening to the news.
13. I was discussing with my father.
.
14. I was complaining to police
.
15. I was listening to my iPod.
16. I was sleeping last night.
.
17. I was writing the email.
18. I was working at the factory.

.
19. I was eating bread.
20. I was playing soccer.
21. I was walking on the street.
.
22. I was singing in the concert.
.
23. I was wearing a full sleeves shirt.

.
24. I was walking past the car.
.
25. I was eating ice-cream.
Homework:
1.
25
2.
25
He, She, It, You, We, They

. (I/ He/ She/ It was +

verb with ing
. You/ We/ They were + verb with ing
.)
3.

,

,

,

Past Continuous Tense
. (There are five main uses of this tense) :

1.
:
I was reading a book yesterday evening.
? -
.
. (Action or situation that had already started and

was still continuing at a particular time.)
25
The sun was shining this morning.
The birds were singing.
The children were playing in the garden.
- 1
2.
.
Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner.
6.PM
,
At midnight, we were driving through the desert.
.
Yesterday at this time, I was talking with my family.
- 2
3.

always, constantly

.
"used to"

. (Used to
.)
:
She was always coming to class late.
Karuna was always irritating me.

I didnt like him because, He was constantly talking.
, (
)
- 3

1, 2, 3

.
4.

actions were happening at the same time.)
. (two
:
Malathi was writing a letter while Pandian was reading the News paper.

Sothiya was cooking dinner while her friend was setting the table.

.
The baby was crying while we were having our dinner.
I was studying while she was making dinner.
()
People were sleeping while army was shelling.
- 4
5.

. (use the Past Continuous tense with the Past Simple tense)
:
I was walking in the park (
) when it started to rain.
I was walking in the park when it started to rain.
.
I was brushing my teeth when my mother called me.

.
I was eating dinner when somebody knocked on the door
()
.
Ravi was sleeping last night when someone stole his car.

.
I was walking past the car when it exploded
I was having a beautiful dream when the alarm clock rang.

- 5
While, When
1:
Malathi was writing a letter while Pandian was reading the News paper.

Malathi was writing a letter

while (
) (
Pandian was reading the News paper.
"
"
2:
I was walking in the park when it started to rain.
I was walking in the park
.
when
(
)
it started to rain -

"
."

"background situation"
.
I was studying while she was making dinner.
While I was studying, she was making dinner.
I was walking past the car when it exploded.
When the car exploded, I was walking past it.
Adverb -
always, only, never, ever, still, just

.
She was coming to class late.
"
"
.
She was always coming to class late.
Signal words
while
when
!

"
"
"
"

13 (Future Continuous Tense)
!
Grammar Patterns -1

. Grammar Patterns-1

.
1. I do a Job.
3. I did a job.
4. I didn't do a job.
5. I will do a job.
6. I won't do a job.
7. Usually I don't do a job.
8. I am not doing a job.

.
"
"

.
11. I will be doing a job.
12. I won't be doing a job.
"Future
Continuous Tense"
"Future Progress Tense"
. (The
future continuous tense expresses action at a particular moment in the future.)
Subject + Auxiliary verb + Auxiliary verb + Main verb with ing
I /You /He /She /It / We / You /They + will + be + doing a job.
"Subject"
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + Auxiliary verb + not + Main verb with ing
I /You /He /She /It /You /We /They + wont + be + doing a job
Auxiliary verb + Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb with ing
Will + I /you /he /she /it /you /we /they + be + doing a job?
"Auxiliary verb"
" "

"Auxiliary verb"
"Subject" "
.
(invariable)
.
.
Will you be doing a job?

?
Yes, I will be doing a job.
.
No, I wont be doing a job.
.
Will you be speaking in English?

?
Yes, I will be speaking in English.
No, I wont be speaking in English.
.
Will you be going to school?

?
Yes, I will be going to school.
.
No, I wont be going to school. (will + not)

(Affirmative Sentence)

.
1. I will be speaking in English.
.
2. I will be sitting on the beach.
.
3. I will be sun-bathing in Bali.
4. I will be coming back to home
5. I will be staying with my friend.
.
6. I will be celebrating my birthday.

.
7. I will be signing the contract.
(
)
8. I will be playing tennis at 10 am.
10
.
9. I will be lying on a beach tomorrow .
.
10. I will be having dinner at home.
()
11. I will be singing in the concert on Tuesday.
.
12. I will be going to Norway this summer.

(
)
13. I will be coming to work next week.

.
14. I will be working this weekend.
.
15. I will be sleeping in the hotel.
16. I will be eating dinner with my friends this evening
.
17. I will be dancing at the party.
.
18. I will be doing my duty.
.
19. I will be practicing English at night
.
20. I will be speaking English in the office
.
21. I will be going to university.
22. I will be translating English to Tamil.

.
23. I will be flying on the flight.
.
24. I will be studying for the exam.
.
25. I will be doing my homework.
.
Homework:
A.

.
B.

25
.
C.

(Future Continuous Tense)
.
I will be waiting for you when your plane arrives tonight.

.
Sarmilan will be playing on the computer when his mother comes home.
.
I will be studying when you come.
.
At the same time tomorrow I will be staying in America.

14
(Future "going to")
Grammar Patterns -1
"
"
.
"
"

.
13. I am going to do a job.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Future will
Future going to (
)
Present continuous used as future
Future continuous
Future perfect simple
Future perfect continuous
going to

. "going to"

. (Going to is not a tense. It is a
special expression to talk about the future.)
going to
.
1.

. (planned actions in the future)
:
I am going to buy a new car tomorrow.

.
2.

. (
,
) (something is going to happen in
the future)
:
Look at that cloud. I think it is going to rain.

.
Subject + Auxiliary verb + going to + Main verb
1. I + am + going to + do a job
2. He/ She/ It + is + going to + do a job.
3. You/ We/ They + are + going to + do a job.
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + going to + Main verb
1. I + am + not + going to + do a job
2. He/ She/ It + is + not + going to + do a job.

3. You/ We/ They + are + not + going to + do a job.
Auxiliary verb + Subject + going to + Main verb
1. Am + I + going to + do a job?
2. Is + he/ she/ It + going to + do a job?
3. Are + you/ we/ they + going to + do a job?
"Auxiliary verb "
Subject

"going to"
First Person Singular, Third person Singular, Second Person Singular and
Plural
1
Are you going to do a job?

?
Yes, I am going to do a job. (Im)
.
No, I am not going to do a job. (Im not)
.
Are you going to speak in English?

?
Yes, I am going to speak in English. (Im)
.
No, I am not going to speak in English. (Im not)
.
Are you going to learn English grammar through Tamil?

?
Yes, I am going to learn English grammar through Tamil. (Im)

.
No, I am not going to learn English grammar through Tamil. (Im not)
2
Is he going to do a job?
?
Yes, he is going to do a job. (hes)
.
No, he is not going to do a job. (isnt)
.
Is she going to go to school?

?
Yes, she is going to go to school. (shes)

.
No, she is not going to go to school. (isnt)
Is it going to rain?
?
Yes, it is going to rain. (its)
.
No, it is not going to rain. (isnt)
3
Are they going to do a job?
?
Yes, they are going to do a job. (theyre)
.
No, they are not going to do a job. (arent)
.
Are they going to speak in English?
?
Yes, they are going to speak in English. (theyre)
.
No, they are not going to speak in English. (arent)
.
Are we going to win?

?
Yes, we are going to win. (were)

.
No, we are not going to win. (arent)
Affirmative Sentences

.
1. I am going to sing at the party.
.
2. I am going to see him today evening.

.
3. I am going to have lunch with my customer.
(
)
.
4. I am going to fly to Germany
.
5. I am going to go on vacation.
)
6. I am going to see what he can do.

(
)
7. I am going to talk in the meeting.
8. I am going to visit PKPs blog.
PKP
.
9. I am going to buy a BMW car.
BMW
.
10. I am going to help to Sensolai.

.
11. I am going to write an English grammar book.
.
12. I am going to go swimming.
.
13. I am going to paint the house
.
14. I am going to paint my bedroom tomorrow.

.
15. I am going to miss the train.

.
16. I am going to tell history of Tamil.

.
17. I am going to help to people.
.
18. I am going to get down meals from canteen.
.
19. I am going to watch a movie
.
20. I am going to climb that mountain one day

. (
)
21. I am going to leave from Sri Lanka.
.
22. I am going to start our own business.

.
23. I am going to make jam
.
24. I am going to play golf with Sarmilan
25. I am going to win the world.
.
Homework:
1.
25
.
2. He, She, It, You, They, We
3.

.
4.

Good idea, I am going to bring some vine.
)
.
I think it is going to rain.
Look at this car! It is going to crash into the tree.
.
He is going to become a dentist when he grows up.

.
What are you going to do when you get your degree?

)
?
What kind of jam are you going to make?
-1:
1.
.

,
:
I read a book.
.
I am reading a book.
I am going to read a book.
. (
-2:
.)
"going to go"
"going"

. (Going to go' can be shortened to 'going.)

.
she is going to go to school. (She going to school)
"gonna"
.
gonna "going to"
. ('going to' is often

shortened to 'gonna', especially in American English.)
:
Are you going to go soon?
Are you gonna go soon?
15 (was/were going to)
Grammar Patterns -1

"
"
.
"
"
am/is/are going to

was/were going to
14. I was going to do a job.
The Future in the Past

:
I was going to visit to Tamil Nadu, but I couldn't get a visa.
(
)

.
I was going to watch a movie, but there wasn't enough time.
.
(
)

.

,

.
Subject + Auxiliary verb + going to + Main verb
1. I/ He/ She/ It + was + going to + do a job.
2. You/ We/ They + were + going to + do a job.
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + going to + Main verb
1. I/ He/ She/ It + was + not + going to + do a job.
2. You/ We/ They + were + not + going to + do a job.
Auxiliary verb + Subject + going to + Main verb
1. Was + I/ he/ she/ it + going to + do a job?
2. Were + you/ we/ they + going to + do a job?
"Auxiliary verb "
Subject

"going to"
First Person Singular and Third person Singular, Second Person Singular
and Plural

(Listening Practice)
Future in the
Past...
1
Was I going to do a job?
?
Yes, I was going to do a job.
.
No, I was not going to do a job. (wasnt)
.
Was he going to go to school?

?
Yes, he was going to go to school.
,

.
No, he wasnt going to go to school. (was + not)
Was she going to learn English?
?
Yes, she was going to learn English.
.
No, she wasnt going to learn English. (was + not)
2
Were you going to do a job?

?
Yes, you were going to do a job.
.
No, you werent going to do a job. (were + not)
.
Were we going to speak in English?
?
Yes, we were going to speak in English.
.
No, we werent going to speak in English. (were + not)
.
Were they going to learn English grammar?
?
Yes, they were going to learn English grammar.
.
No, they werent going to learn English grammar. (were + not)
Affirmative Sentences

.
1. I was going to join the military.
.
2. I was going to tell a lie.

.
3. I was going to die in the accident.
.
4. I was going to fly to Canada

.
5. I was going to go on vacation.

6. I was going to say my love.
.
7. I was going to send a SMS.
8. I was going to go to university.
.
9. I was going to buy a BMW car.
BMW
.
10. I was going to wash the dishes.

.
11. I was going to write my autobiography.
.
12. I was going to go swim in the sea.

.
13. I was going to play in the playground
14. I was going to buy a motorcycle.

.
15. I was going to miss the bus.

.
16. I was going to fight with them.
.
17. I was going to waste my time.

.
18. I was going to seek political asylum in Thailand.
.
19. I was going to watch a movie
.
20. I was going to go to the party
21. I was going to join the gym.
.
22. I was going to die in Sri Lankan air raid
.
23. I was going to kill him
.
24. I was going to take some photos
25. I was going to travel around the world.
. (
)
Homework:
1.
25
.

.
3.
,
,
.
4.

I was going to visit my uncle in Point Pedro last year, but I couldn't get the pass.

. (
)
I was going to wash the dishes, but there wasn't enough time.

, ()
.
I was going to rent a motorbike but I rented a car instead.
.
I was going to take some photos but I forgot my camera.
.
I was going to go to Kowloon park but I had homework to do at home.

(Forms)

,

,
.
went -
16 (can /be able to)
Grammar Patterns -1

15, 16, 17, 18
"
"

1 -

.
15. I can do a job.

.
15, 16

. "can"
" + able to"
(
/)

. can
,
+ able to

, can
. be able to
- 1
----------------------------------------------------------------Can
. (Can is an auxiliary verb, a modal auxiliary verb)
.
1.

,
/
( )
2.

3.
1. I / He/ She/ It/ You/ We/ They + can + do a job.
Negative
1. I/ He/ She/ It/ You/ We/ They + can + not + do a job.
1. Can + I/ he/ she/ it/ you/ we/ they + do a job?
.
I, He, She, It, You, We, They
"Can"

. (Can is invariable.
There is only one form of can.)
.
Can you do a job?

?
Yes, I can do a job.
,

.
No, I cant do a job. (can + not)
,

.
Can you speak in English? (

)
?
Yes, I can speak in English.
.
Sorry, I cant speak in English. (can + not)
.
Can I smoke in this room? (
)

?
Yes, you can smoke in this room.

.
Sorry, you cant smoke in this room. (can + not)

. (

"bare infinitive"

"to"
. (The main verb is always
the bare infinitive. 'infinitive without "to").
"can"

Can you come with me today?
?
Yes, I can come with you today.
. (
)
Sorry. I cant. But I can come with you tomorrow.
,
.

. (
)
tomorrow

----------------------------------------------------------------
can
+ able to
(
/ )

.
+ able to

+ able to

.
Subject + be + able + infinitive
1. I + am + able + to + do a job
2. He/ She/ It + is + able + to + do a job.
3. You/ We/ They + are + able + to + do a job.
Negative
1. I + am not + able + to + do a job
2. He/ She/ It + is not + able + to + do a job.
3. You/ We/ They + are not + able + to + do a job.
Be + Subject + able + infinitive
1. Am + I + able + to + do a job?
2. Is + he/ she/ It + able + to + do a job?
3. Are + you/ we/ they + able + to + do a job?

Are you able to do a job?

?
Yes, I am able to do a job.
,

.
No, I am unable to do a job. (am not able to
,

.
Are you able to speak French?

?
Yes, I am able to speak French.

,

.
No, I am unable to speak French. (am not able to
,

.
Are you able to drive heavy vehicles?
?
Yes, I am able to drive heavy vehicles
.
No, I am unable to drive heavy vehicles. (am not able to
:
+ able to

.
,

,
,

.
+ able to

.
Be able to

to

. (be able to has

an infinitive form)
I + can
I + am able to
He/ She/ It + can
He/ She/ It + is able to

You/ We/ They + can
You/ We/ They + are able to
(Listening Practice)
---------------------------------------------------------------
Aangilam.blog.
mp3
1. I can drive a car.

I am able to drive a car.
2. I can swim in the sea.

I am able to swim in the sea.

.
3. I can play tennis.
I am able to play tennis.
.
4. I can speak five languages
I am able to speak five languages

.
5. I can use my credit card.
I am able to use my credit card

()
6. I can change my email ID.
I am able to change my email ID.
.
7. I can hear your heartbeat.
I am able to hear your heartbeat.
.
8. I can get USA citizenship
I am able to get USA citizenship.
USA .
9. I can upload a game to my ipod.
I am able to upload a game to my ipod.
10. I can imagine

I am able to imagine

.
11. I can see clearly now
I am able to see clearly now.

.
12. I can save images from the Internet
I am able to save images from the Internet
.
13. I can download Tamil movies
I am able to download Tamil movies
.
14. I can practice my religion freely.
I am able to practice my religion freely.

. (
)
15. I can believe it
I am able to believe it.

.
16. I can become a pilot
I am able to become a pilot
.
17. I can change my template
I am able to change my template.
18. I can become a famous lawyer

I am able to become a famous lawyer

.
19. I can become an astronaut
I am able to become an astronaut

.
20. I can buy new products
I am able to buy new products
21. I can do it alone.

I am able to do it alone.

.
22. I can walk slowly
I am able to walk slowly

.
23. I can tolerate it
I am able to tolerate it
.
24. I can practice English at night
I am able to practice English at night
25. I can learn English in aangilam.blogspot.com.

I am able to learn English in aangilam.blogspot.com.

aangilam.blogspot.com
.
Homework:
1.
25
.
2.

.

.
4.
"
"

""

.
Engliah Grammar Explanation through Tamil. Free Tamil - English
"

."
(Polite Form)
can
Polite and More Polite

- Spok
17 (could, was/were able to)
19, 20, 21, 22
(could, was/were able to)

"
"

1 , 2, 3, 4, 5

,
,

.

.
22. I was unable to do a job. (wasn't able to)
can, am/is/are able to
could, was/were
able to
. "could"
was/were able to"

could

. was/were able to
.
- 1
1. I / He/ She/ It/ You/ We/ They + could + do a job.
Negative
1. I/ He/ She/ It/ You/ We/ They + could + not + do a job.
1. Could + I/ he/ she/ it/ you/ we/ they + do a job?

I, He, She, It, You, We, They

"Could"
. (Could is invariable; there is only one form of could.)
.
Could you do a job?

?
Yes, I could do a job.
,

.
No, I couldnt do a job. (could + not)
,

.
Could you come last night?

?
Yes, I could come last night.
,

.
No, I couldnt come last night. (could + not)
,

.
could
was/were able to -
.
+ able to

.
1. I/ He/ She/ It + was + able + to + do a job.
2. You/ We/ They + were + able + to + do a job.
Negative
1. I/ He/ She/ It + was not + able + to + do a job.
2. You/ We/ They + were not + able + to + do a job.
Be + subject + able + infinitive
1. Was + I/ he/ she/ It + able + to + do a job?
2. Were + you/ we/ they + able + to + do a job?
.
Were you able to do a job?

?
Yes, I was able to do a job.
,

.
No, I was unable to do a job. (was not able to

,

.
Were they able to speak five languages?

?
Yes, they were able to speak five languages.

.
No, they were unable to speak five languages. (were not able to)

could
was/were able to
. (You can use

either "could or was/were able to" describe a general ability (but not a specific achievement)
in the past.)

.
1. I could swim when I was 5 years old.
I was able to swim when I was 5 years old.

.
2. I could run the 100 meter race very well.
I was able to run the 100 meter race very well.

100
(
)
.
3. I could see the sun rise every morning.
I was able to see the sun rise every morning.

.
4. I could sing very well when I was a child.
I was able to sing very well when I was a child.

.
5. I could draw pictures.
I was able to draw pictures
.
6. I could ride a bike when I was six.
I was able to ride a bike when I was six.

()
7. I could drive my car yesterday
I was able to drive my car yesterday.

.
8. I could take photographs
I was able to take photographs
.
9. I could climb tree.
I was able to climb tree.

.
10. I could read when I was five.
I was able to read when I was five.

().
Homework:
1.
10
.
2.

.

.
4.
.
"
"

.
5.

When we were staying at the hotel, we could see the sun rise every morning.
When we were staying at the hotel, we were able to see the sun rise every morning.
) ,

(
)
.
My brother could drive cars when he was 10 years old.
My brother was able to drive cars when he was 10 years old.

().
When I was living in Point Pedro, I could walk to work.
When I was living in Point Pedro, I was able to walk to work.

could or was/were able to

was/were able to
. (You must use was/were able to to describe a special achievement or a single

event in the past.) (
could"

.)
:
A man fell into the river yesterday. The police were able to save him. v ()
A man fell into the river yesterday. The police could save him. X - ()

couldnt
was/were able to
.
. (In the negative,' wasn't able to' OR 'couldn't' are both
correct.)

:
Sarmilan wasn't able to drive his car yesterday.V
Sarmilan couldn't drive his car yesterday.V
:
1.

can, - am/is/are able to
could, - was/were able to

.
2 . could, - was/were able to

: could
.
was/were able to
.
3.
could
"bare infinitive"

"to"
. (The main verb is always
the bare infinitive; 'infinitive without "to".)
5, "be able to"

to

. (be able to has

an infinitive form.)
6.
(

"managed to"
. (If it was something

difficult we use "managed to".)
:
She managed to delete the virus from her computer.
"Could"


18 (Polite and More Polite)

16 can /be able to

.
can
am/is/are able to
15. I can do a job.


.
can
am/is/are
able to

17 can
could
was/were able to


.
22. I was unable to do a job. (wasn't able to)
can
could
can / could
, (Can and could are modal

auxiliary verbs) + able to

+ able to
Can
, Could

Polite form More Polite form

. . . . , . . .
, . . .

, (Request, Permission)
:
Can you help me, please?

? ("
"
.)
.
,

.

Polite Form
.
Can I ask you a question, please?
!
could

?

.
Could you help me, please?

?
Could I ask you a question, please?
Can, Could
.
!

. can
could
can
,

, Could

,
"More Polite"
.

.
1. Can you speak in English, please?
Could you speak in English, please?
?
2. Can you make a cup of tea for me, please?
Could you make a cup of tea for me, please?

?
3. Can you help me, please?
/

?
4. Can I ask a question, please?
Could I ask a question, please?

?
5. Can you tell me what time it is, please?
Could you tell me what time it is, please?

?
6. Can I have some advice, please?
Could I have some advice, please?
?
7. Can you send me a catalogue, please?
Could you send me a catalogue, please?
8. Can you tell me where the bank is, please?

Could you tell me where the bank is, please?

?
9. Can I have your opinion, please?
Could I have your opinion, please?
?
10. Can you wait a moment, please?
Could you wait a moment, please?

?
11. Can I ask something personal, please?
Could I ask something personal, please?
?
12. Can I have a glass of water, please?
Could I have a glass of water, please?
?
13. Can I have your name, please?
Could I have your name, please?
14. Can you spell your name, please?

Could you spell your name, please?
?
15. Can I smoke in this room, please?
Could I smoke in this room, please?

?
16. Can you give some aspirin, please?
Could you give some aspirin, please?
)?
17. Can you lend me your news paper, please?
Could you lend me your news paper, please?

?
18. Can I use your phone, please?
Could I use your phone, please?

?
19. Can I borrow your dictionary?
Could I borrow your dictionary?

?
20. Can I see your driving license, please?
Could I see your driving license, please?
?
21. Can I speak to Sarmilan, please?
Could I speak to Sarmilan, please?
/
?
22. Can I have a kilo of apples, please?
Could I have a kilo of apples, please?
?
23. Can I help you, Madam?
Could I help you, Madam?

?
24. Can you help me with my homework?
Could you help me with my homework?
?
25. Can I have the bill, please?
Could I have the bill, please?
"Polite and More Polite"
:
Can I have the bill, please?
Could I have the bill, please?
Certainly sir. Ill just bring it.
Can you help me, please?
Of course I can.
Sorry, I am just too busy.

"

"

, ,

.
,
, "
"

(

)
.
,
"Polite and More Polite"
Good Morning!
Thanks
Thank you
Can I help you?
Excellent! Thank you
How are you?
I am fine, Thank you
Excuse me
Please sit down.
Pleased to meet you.
Welcome
Let me show you the department
Let me take your coat?
Would you like cup of coffee?
No, Thanks.

.
,
,
,
,
, Polite language

Polite Language
.
May I have . . .
May I know . . .
Might . . .
Would you like . . .
If you dont mind . . .
Do you mind if . . .
Excuse me, Please . . .
"Polite Forms"
Grammar Patterns 1

.
!
. Polite a
19 (will be able to)
Grammar Patterns -1 23
24

.
"
"
(can, am/is/are able to

+)

16

.
(could, was/were
able to +)

17

.

.
23. I will be able to do a job.

.
24. I will be unable to do a job.

(Simple Future Tense)
,
(First, Second, Third person)
,

"will be
able to"

.
I /You /He /She /It / We / You /They + will be + able + to do a job.
Negative
Subject + be + not + able + infinitive
I /You /He /She /It /You /We /They + wont be + able + to do a job
Be + subject + be able + infinitive
Will + I /you /he /she /it /you /we /they + be able + to do a job?
+ be able to

to
. (be able to has an infinitive form)

.
Will you be able to do a job?

?
Yes, I will be able to do a job.
,

.
No, I wont be able to do a job. (will + not)
,

.
Will you be able to speak perfect English very soon?

?
Yes, I will be able to speak perfect English very soon.
,

.
No, I wont be able to speak perfect English very soon.
,

.
Will you be able to go to university next year?

?
Yes, I will be able to go to university next year.

.
No, I wont be able to go to university next year. (will + not)

.
25
.
aangilam.com
19.mp...
1. I will be able to study.
.
2. I will be able to study both arts and sciences.
.
3. I will be able to dance.
.
4. I will be able to vote.
.
5. I will be able to go to China.
.
6. I will be able to improve my English knowledge.
.
7. I will be able to speak in English.
8. I will be able to become a chief executive.

.
9. I will be able to pass the exam.
.
10. I will be able to fly to Canada
.
11. I will be able to vote via internet.
.
12. I will be able to solve problems
.
13. I will be able to become an IPS officer.

IPS .
14. I will be able to receive voice-mail.
.
15. I will be able to come to New York.
16. I will be able to get my land.

.
17. I will be able to become famous in the world.
.
18. I will be able to buy a submarine.
.
19. I will be able to do my duty accurately.

.
20. I will be able to marry next year.

.
21. I will be able to swim in the sea.
.
22. I will be able to solve problems.
.
23. I will be able to submit to the court.
.
24. I will be able to demonstrate that.
25. I will be able to win the world

.
Homework:
A.

.
B.

25
.
C.

(will be able to)
.

.

.
D.

"short form"
.
"short form"
I will be able to
Ill be able to
.

(wont be able to)
wont
will +
not
.
!
(Parts
of Speech)
,
, ,

(Words)
.
(Parts of Speech in English)

.
(Parts of Speech in English)

Nouns

Verbs

Adjectives

Adverbs

Pronouns
Prepositions
Conjunctions
Interjections -
.
Nouns
:
Manager -
Car -
England -
Sarmilan -
Tamil -
He is a Manager.

. >>>
Verbs
:
Do -
Come -
Speak -
Ask -
Go -
I do a job.
. >>>
Adjectives
/ /
, (
)

:
Red -
Yellow -
Big -
Small -
Beautiful -
She is a beautiful girl.

. >>>
Adverbs
/ /
:
Usually -
Really -
/
Immediately -
Quickly -
Softly -
Usually I do a job.

. >>>
Pronouns
:
He -
She -
It -
him -
her -
Sarmilan speaks in English.
.
He speaks in English.
. >>>
Prepositions
:
in -
,
at -
,
on -
,
for -
since -
Do you work on Mondays?

? >>>
Conjunctions
:
and -
but -
or -
than -
because -
I ate bread and butter.
. >>>
Interjections -
:
Wow!
Ha!
Hi!
hello!
Oh!
Wow! I won the match!
! >>>
Eight Parts of Speech in a Sentence
.
Sarmilan goes to School. (Three Parts)
Noun Verb Preposition Noun
.
Sarmilan and his sister go to school. (Five Parts)
Noun Conjunction Pronoun Noun Verb Preposition Noun

.
Sarmilan and his little sister go to school. (Six Parts)
Noun Conjunction Pronoun Adjective Noun Verb Preposition Noun

.
Wow! Sarmilan and his little sister go to school happily. (All Eight Parts of Speech)
Interjection Noun Conjunction Pronoun Adjective Noun Verb Preposition Noun Adve
rb
(Pars Of Speech in English)
(Nouns)
(Verbs)
(Adjectives)
(Adverbs)
(Pronouns)
(Prepositions)
(Conjunctions)
(Interjections)
(Types
of Nouns)
,
,
"
,
". "
."
"
"
.
"
." "
"
. "
."
"
"
. "
."

.
"
",
",
",
", "
"
"
,
"

; "
".
?

.
"
"
?
"nouns
.

"nmen"
(
)

(Nouns)

,

,
"
"
"
"
.
. :
Common Nouns
Proper Nouns
Countable Nouns
Uncountable Nouns
Collective Nouns
Concrete Nouns
Abstract Nouns
Compound Nouns
Common Nouns -
,

,
. "
"
bank =
school =
city =
shop =
park =
pencil =
book =

chair =
table =
bag =
tiger =
bear =
fish =
snake =
dog =
Proper Nouns -

,
,
,
, ,
,
,
"
"
London =
Jaffna =
California =
Kilinochchi =

Madurai =
Sarmilan =
Surya =
Tamilvaanan =
Kavitha =
David =
Tamil =
English =
French =
Chinese =
Cantonese =

Hindu =
Christian =
Islam =
Buddhist =

Taoism =
Countable Nouns -
,
,

apple =
dollar =
book =

spoon =
computer =
Uncountable Nouns -

"
"
love =
/
water =
happiness =
smoke =
milk =
Collective Nouns -

(

)

"

"
army = (

class =
(
)
gang =
(
)
colony =
/

school =
Concrete Nouns -
,
"

"
.
tree =
ball =
nose =
face =
book =

Abstract Nouns -
.

"
"
skill =
opinion =
law =
ego =
peace =
Compound Nouns -

"
blackboard =
homeland =
swimming pool =
brother-in-law =
haircut =
"Gerund Nouns",
"Predicate Nouns", "Noun as Adjective"

.

(Common Nouns)
(Proper Nouns)
(Countable Nouns)
(Uncountable Nouns)
(Collective Nouns)
(Concrete Nouns)
(Abstract Nouns)
(Compound Nouns)
(Pars Of Speech in English)
(Nouns)
(Verbs)
(Adjectives)
(Adverbs)
(Pronouns)
(Prepositions)
(Conjunctions)
(Interjections)
22 (may be able to)
Grammar Patterns 01

25
.
25. I may be able to do a job.
. may be

.
+ able to
16

,

17
may be able to

,
,
"may be able to"

.
I /You /He /She /It / We / You /They + may be + able + to do a job.
Negative
I /You /He /She /It /You /We /They + may + not + be + able + to do a job
Be + subject + be + able + infinitive
May + I /you /he /she /it /you /we /they + be able + to do a job?
+ be able to

to

.
May you be able to do a job?

() ?
I may be able to do a job.
/

.
I may not be able to do a job.
/

.
May you be able to speak in English very soon?

()

?
I may be able to speak in English very soon.

.
I may not be able to speak in English very soon.

.
May you be able to go to university?

()
?
I may be able to go to university.
.
I may not be able to go to university.
.
10
.
1. I may be able to go to Australia.
.
2. I may be able to read novels in the hostel.
.
3. I may be able to sing in the concert.
.
4. I may be able to vote next year.

.
5. I may be able to go to China.
.
6. I may be able to return back home tomorrow.
.
7. I may be able to buy an iPhone.
.
8. I may be able to submit to the court.
9. I may be able to demonstrate that.

.
10. I may be able to marry next year.

.
Homework:
A.


.
B.

10
.
C.
.
D.
.

(
able (Adjective)
.
,
.
/
able
.

/
/

.
Eat
Able /
Eatable
/
Love
Able /
Loveable
/
Use -
Able /
Usable
/
Sale
Able /
Salable

.)
Nouns)
(Countable
Nouns & Uncountable
(Countable Nouns)
.
,
,
. ( Countable nouns
can be "counted".)
No:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Countable Nouns
bookbookbookbookbook
applesshuhashishi
dog
cat
animal
man
person
bottle
box
coin
computer
shirt
trouser
cup
plate
spoon
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
fork
table
chair
bag
carton
bowl
calendar
house
people

?
,
,
,

?
!

:
a book, two books, three books.
an apple, two apples, three apples
be singular or plural.)

. (Countable nouns can
book books
apple apples
.
My dog is playing.
My dogs are playing.

, (a/ an)

. (We can use the indefinite article a/an with countable
nouns)
My wife is a Doctor.
Sarmilan is an English Teacher.
,
,

, ,
, (Some, any, a few, may)

. (We can use some, any, a few, many

with countable nouns.)
I need to buy some new trousers
Have you got any pens?
I've got a few dollars.
I haven't got many pens.
(Uncountable Nouns)

. (Uncountable nouns cannot be counted.)
Mass
Nouns
No:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Uncountable Nouns
adviceadviceadviceadvice
bread sshuhashishi
rice
sugar
sand
flour
powder
dust
jelly
oil
water
juice
milk
gas
butter
music
furniture
coffee
wet
messy
rain
knowledge
electricity
power
news
treat uncountable nouns as singular.)
(
)
. (We usually
:
Milk

.

,

,

;
,

.
a liter of milk
a bottle of milk
a glass of water ()
two glass of water

()
three glass of water

()
, ,

.
water, wine, sugar, cheese, meat, butter, ketchup, mustard, rice, etc.,
a glass of water
a bottle of wine
a spoon of sugar
a jug of water
a slice of cheese
a chunk of cheese
a piece of cheese
a piece of meat
a slice of meat
a pound of meat
a bar of butter
a bottle of ketchup
a tube of mustard
a kilo of rice
a plate of rice
.
,
,
. (

,

.)
:
1.

, (a/ an)

. (They do not take a/an before them.)
2.

.
Usually I have two coffees a day.

.

(two coffees)
,
.
(Here coffees refers to the number of cups of coffee.)

.
Usually I have two cups of coffee a day.

()

.
.
Can/Could I have some coffee, please?
Can/Could I have a cup of coffee, please?
, ,

.
3. some, any, a little, much

I have got some money.

Have you got any rice?
I have got a little money.
I haven't got much rice.
4.
. (Some uncountable nouns in English are countable

in other languages including Tamil. )
.
Accommodation -
advice -
baggage /
bread -
equipment -
furniture -
garbage -
information -
knowledge -
luggage - /
money -
news -
progress -
research -
travel -
work -
, -
,

,

,
,
,

,
,

:
accommodation - a place to stay
advice - a piece of advice
baggage - a piece of baggage
bread - a slice of bread, a loaf of bread
equipment - a piece of equipment
furniture - a piece of furniture
garbage - a piece of garbage
information - a piece of information
knowledge - a fact
luggage - a piece of luggage, a bag, a suitcase
money - a note, a coin
news - a piece of news
research - a piece of research, a research project
travel - a journey, a trip
work - a job, a position
!
(Types of Nouns)

24 (should be able to)
Grammar Patterns -1 26
26. I should be able to do a job.
. should

(should)
.
+ able to
(should be able to)
(
)
.
am/is/are able to
was/were able to
may be able to
"should be able to"

I /You /He /She /It / We / You /They + sould + be able + to do a job.
Negative
I /You /He /She /It /You /We /They + should + not + be able + to do a job
Be + subject + be able + infinitive
Should + I /you /he /she /it /you /we /they + be able + to do a job?
:
1.
,
,
,
"should be able to"
.
2. + be able to

3.

to

.
Should you be able to do a job?

?
Yes, I should be able to do a job.
,

.
No, I shouldnt be able to do a job.
,

.
Should you be able to speak perfect English very soon?

?
Yes, I should be able to speak perfect English very soon.
,

.
No, I shouldnt be able to speak perfect English very soon.
,

.
10
1. I should be able to go to university.
2. I should be able to speak perfect English very soon.

.
3. I should be able to improve my English knowledge.

.
4. I should be able to become a chief executive.

.
5. I should be able to practice English every day.

.
6. I should be able to go tomorrow

(
)
7. I should be able to change my name.

8. I should be able to answer.
.
9. I should be able to build a house

.
10. I should be able to publish an English grammar book.
.
Homework:
A.


.
B.

10
.
c.

"Should be able to"
(Question)

. ,

?

(

)

"

"

:
Should you be able to buy a ticket on the train?

?
Should you be able to take your gun to work?

?
Should you be able to vote without your ID card?
?
Should you be able to sell your kidneys on the open market?
?
Should you be able to buy a piece of the moon?
(Positive)

:
Madonna should be able to adopt a child.

.
Two things a man should be able to do.
.
I think I should be able to go tomorrow.

.
Muslims in Britain should be able to live under Sharia law.
.
You should be able to post comments anonymously without your ID.
(Negative) ,
5 things you shouldn't be able to buy on eBay.

5

.
Parents shouldn't be able to name kids whatever they want.

(
/
)
You shouldnt be able to buy a piece of the moon.

/
.
User shouldn't be able to change the metadata file name.
Some people shouldn't be able to vote in Sri Lanka.

----------------------------------------------------------------!
Grammar Patterns -1

26

27
.
27
Perfect Tense

(Grammar
Patterns of Perfect Tense)

.
1. I have done a job. (Present Perfect)
.
2. I have just done a job.
(

)
.
3. I had done a job. (Past Perfect)
.
4. I had done a job long ago.
)
.
5. I wish I had done a job.
.
6. I will have done a job. (Future Perfect)
.
7. I have been doing a job. (Present Perfect Continuous)
8. I had been doing a job. (Past Perfect Continuous)
9. I will have been doing a job. (Future Perfect Continuous)

(
.
10. He may have done a job.
.
11. He might have done a job.
.
12. He must have done a job.

.
13. He would have done a job.

.
14. He could have done a job.

.
15. He should have done a job.

.
16. He shouldnt have done a job. (should + not)
. (

/
)
17. He neednt have done a job. (need + not)
(
)
.
18. He seems to have done a job.
.
19. Having done a job I have got experience.
10
, 19

.
1. I have done -
.
2. I have written -
.
3. I have chosen -
.
4. I have worked -
.
5. I have watched. -
.
6. He has spoken -
.
7. He has started. -
.
8. She has cooked. -
.
9. She has visited -

.
10. She has walked -
"Perfect Tense"

"Past Participle"
"Irregular verbs"
Perfect Tense
.
,

Present Perfect Tense
:
I have visited.
.
I have visited America several times.

/ .
(
:
.

,
.
,
26 (Present Perfect Tense)

Perfect Tense
Grammar Patterns 7

Grammar Patters 7
.
1. I have done a job. (Present Perfect Simple)
"Present Perfect Simple Tense"

"Past Participle"

. (It is important if we have done it in our lives or not. It is not important

when we did it.)

I, You, We, You, They
have
, He, She, It

(Third Person Singular) has
.
Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb (Past participle)
I/ You/ We/ They + have + done a job.
He/ She/ It + has + done a job.
(Auxiliary verb)

"Past participle"
.
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Main verb (Past participle)
I/ You/ We/ They + have + not + done a job.
He/ She/ It + has + not + done a job.
Auxiliary verb + Subject + Main verb (Past participle)

Have + I/ you/ we/ they + done a job?
Has + he/ she/ it + done a job?
Have/ Has
"Subject"
Past
participle
1
Have you done a job?

?
Yes, I have done a job
.
No, I havent done a job. (have + not)
.
Has he lived here for 20 years?

20
?
Yes, He has lived here for 20 years.
20
.
No, He hasnt lived here for 20 years. (has + not)

20
.
Have you seen Thesaththin puyalkal movie?

?
Yes, I have seen Thesaththin puyalkal movie twenty times.

.
No, I havent seen Thesaththin puyalkal movie. (have + not)
.
25
.
1. I have seen that movie many times.

2. I have met him once before.

.
3. I have traveled by MTR
..
.
4. I have done my homework.
.
5. I have been to England three times.

.
6. I have come here many times
7. I have worked here since 2002.

2002
8. I have studied two foreign languages

.
9. I have cured many deadly diseases.

.
10. I have cleaned my room.
.
11. I have seen that movie six times in the last month.

.
12. I have been to Mexico in the last year.
.
13. I have lived in Canada for five years

.
14. I have worked at the University since 1999

1999
.
15. I have seen that girl before

.
16. I have written some English Grammar lessons.
.
17. I have worked here since June.

.
18. I have written five letters.
.
19. I have cooked dinner
.
20. I have lived with my parents for over 10 years.

10
.
21. I have played outside for an hour.

.
22. I have learned English since 1986.
1986
.
23. I have gone to the supermarket.
24. I have played football.
.
25. I have lived in that house for 2 years.

2
.

25
You/ we/ they/ He / She / It

1. Actions which started in the past and are still continuing

He has lived in America for five years.

.
("

."

.)

, (
. (
) (He started living in America five years

ago, and he's still living there now.)
.)
2. Actions which happened at some unknown time in the past
.
I have already seen that film.
.)
3. Actions which happened in the past, but have an effect in the present
;
.

.

)
I have lost my keys
. (

),

.(
))
4. Recently completed action
Grammar Patterns 7

.

, (

. (
)
2. I have just done a job.
.)
Present Perfect
:
Have you cooked lunch?
Yes, I have.
No, I havent.
(Signal Words of Present Perfect)

Ever
Never
just
Yet
Already
So far
Up to now
Recently,
Since
For
not yet
till now
Ever
Have you ever been to Germany?

?
Have you ever met him?

?
Have you ever eaten Pizza?

Z ?
Has he ever talked to you about the problem?
?
Never
I have never been to Australia.
I've never seen so many people like this.
He has never traveled by train.

.
(
Ever, Never

.)
Just
I have just installed AVG anti-virus

..

.
For
I have been an English teacher for more than five years.
.
Since
I haven't seen Sarmilan since 2002.

2002
. (

.)
Yet
He hasn't done it yet.
(Short Forms)
I + have = Ive - (
)
You + have = youve - (
)
We + have = weve - (
)
They + have = Theyve - (
)
He + has = Hes - (
)
She + has = Shes - (
)
It + has = Its - (
)
He + is = Hes
She + is = Shes
It + is = Its
He has, She has, It has
Hes, Shes, Its

.
He is, She is, It is
Hes, Shes, Its

"+ ing"

. "Present
Perfect"

Past Participle
:
Present Continuous
He is doing a job. - Hes doing a job.
She is doing a job. - Shes doing a job.
It is doing a job. - Its doing a job.
Present Perfect
He has done a job. - Hes done a job. (Past participle)
She has done a job. - Shes done a job. (Past participle)
It has done a job. - Its done a job. (Past participle)
do - did - done done Past participle

.

Irregular verbs
(English Pronouns)
"
"
.

"
", "

"
"Pronouns"
:
Sarmilan will come to the class.
He will come to the class
)
,
. :
Subject Pronouns
Object Pronouns
Reflexive Pronouns
Possessive Pronouns
Demonstrative Pronouns
Relative Pronouns
Interrogative Pronouns
Indefinite Pronouns
.
Subject Pronouns
.
I -
You ()
He -
She -
It -
We
,
You -
(
)
They -
:
Kennedy spoke about genocide war in Sri Lanka.

.
He spoke about genocide war in Sri Lanka.

.
(Kennedy
He
.)
Object Pronouns

.
me
you -
(
)
him -
her
it -
us
,
you -
(
)
them -
,
:
I love her
Reflexive Pronouns
.
myself -
yourself -
himself -
herself -
itself -
ourselves
,
yourselves -
themselves
,
:
I cut my hair myself.

( /
.)
Possessive Pronouns
(
.
mine -
yours -
his -
hers -
its -
ours -
yours -
theirs
,
:
This house is ours.
Adjective
my
your
his
her -
its -
our
your
their -
,
:
This is our house.

.
(Possessive - Adjective)
This is our house. (Adjective)

.
This house is ours. (Possessive)

.
Demonstrative Pronouns
.
This ,
()
That ,
()
These , (
)
Those , (
)
:
This book is new but those books are old.
(
book books

.)
This is new but those are old.

.
Relative Pronouns
.
who
whom
that
which
whoever
whomever
whichever
:
I told you about a woman who lives next door.

Interrogative Pronouns

.
Who -
What -
Where -
When -

Whom -
Which -
Whoever
Whomever -
Whichever -
:
Where did you go?

?
Indefinite Pronouns

.
all
,
another -

,

every -
any
some ,

nothing
)
several
each

many
,
few -
:
Each of the members has one vote

.
Homework:
.
!

28 (Present Perfect Continuous)

26 "Present Perfect"

.
Present perfect Continuous

. Present
Perfect Progressive
.
,
,

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Positive (Affirmative)
1. I /You/ We/ They + have + been + doing a job
2. He/ She/ It + has + been + doing a job.
"ing"

.
Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Auxiliary verb + verb with ing
1. I /You/ We/ They + have + not + been + doing a job
2. He/ She/ It + has + not + been + doing a job.
1. Have + I /you/ we/ they + been + doing a job?
2. Has + he/ she/ It + been + doing a job?
(Auxiliary verbs)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Have you been doing a job?

?
Yes, I have been doing a job. (Ive)
.
No, I have not been doing a job. (Ive not, I havent been)
.

.
? "
"
/ "

.
"

.
.

"
"

. (
"
/"

.)

How long

.
for, since

:
How long have you been doing a job?
I have been doing a job for 12 months.
12
.
How long have you been studying English?

?
I have been studying English since 2002. (Ive)
2002
.
How long have you been staying in Hong Kong?

(
)

?
I have been staying in Hong Kong for 6 years.
(
)
6
.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(for, since)

.
1. I have been waiting here for two hours.
.
2. I have been working at that company for three years.

.
3. I have been doing for the last 30 minutes.
/
30
.
4. I have been teaching at the university since June.
)
.
5. I have been waiting here for over two hours.
.
6. I have been waiting for you for three hours.
.
(

.)
7. I have been watching too much television lately.
.
8. I have been exercising lately.
()

9. I have been doing the work.
10. I have been studying English for four years
11. I have been living here since 1998.
1998
.
12. I have been working at BBC for three years
BBC

.
13. I have been exporting to China since 1999.
1999
.
14. I have been studying for 3 hours.
.
15. I have been watching TV since 7pm.
TV 7
.
16. I have been playing football for a long time.
.
17. I have been living in Bangkok since I left school.

.
18. I have been standing here for over half an hour.
.
19. I have been looking for a summer holiday job for two weeks.
()

.
20. I have been writing novels since 1968.
1968
.
21. I have been getting good results over the last few years.

.
22. I have been painting my house since last night.

/

.
23. I have been driving for 14 years
(
)
14
.
24 . I have been reading this lesson for the past 10 minutes

10
.
24. I have been blogging since 2007
(
2007
.
25. I have been teaching at Hong Kong University for 6 years.
6
.
Homework:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

25
He, She, It, You, We, They

.
How
How
How
How
How
long
long
long
long
long
have
have
have
have
have
you
you
you
you
you
been
been
been
been
been
staying in your country?

going to school?
working here?
practicing English?
.?
(Short Forms)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Positive Short forms

I have been = I've been
You have been = You've been
We have been = We've been
They have been = They've been
He has been = He's been
She has been = She's been
It has been = It's been
Negative Short forms

.
I have not been = I've not been / I haven't been
You have not been = You've not been / You haven't been
We have not been = We've not been / We haven't been
They have not been = They've not been / They haven't been
He has not been = He's not been / He hasn't been
She has not been = She's not been / She hasn't been
It has not been = It's not been / It hasn't been
"

"
:
How long have you been studying English?
?
I've been studying English for four years.

.
For four years. - "

."

.
How long have you been living in Hong Kong?
I've been living here since 2003.
2003
.
since 2003. - "2003
"

(Signal words)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------since
for
all week
for days
lately
recently
over the last few months
:
How long
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 01
in the past and still continuing)
. (Actions beginning
- 02

. (Action that
has just stopped or recently stopped)
29 (Past Perfect Progressive)
Grammar Patterns 01

28
29
.
29
"Past perfect Continuous"

"Past Perfect Progressive"
65. I had been doing a job.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Positive (Affirmative)
I / He/ She/ It/ You/ We/ They + had + been + doing a job
"ing"

Negative
Subject + Auxiliary verb + not + Auxiliary verb + verb with ing
I / He/ She/ It/ You/ We/ They + had + not + been + doing a job
Had + I / He/ She/ It/ You/ We/ They + been + doing a job?

(Auxiliary verbs)

;
,
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Had you been doing a job?

?
Yes, I had been doing a job. (Id been)
.
No, I had not been doing a job. (Id not been, I hadnt been)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

.

.

?
"
?
. (

.)

. (Past Perfect
Continuous to show that action started in the past and continued up until another time in
the past.)
:
How long have you been waiting?
I have been waiting for two hours.
? :
How long had you been waiting?
?
I had been waiting for two hours.

"

"
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. I had been waiting there for more than 45 minutes.
45
.
2. I had been working for over an hour.

.
3. I had been standing all day in the school.

.
4. I had been teaching at that university for three years

.
5. I had been doing the work.
6. I had been studying English for five years

.
7. I had been living there since 1997.
1997
.
8. I had been talking with Mr. Obama for over half an hour
.
9. I had been driving for 10 years in Japan
(
) 10
10. I had been waiting in the Hong Kong airport for two hours
.
I had been waiting in the airport for more than two hours when you arrived.
.
I had been talking with Mr. Obama for over half an hour before you arrived.

. (
.)
I had been learning English for two years before I left for America.
. (
.)
Grandma wanted to sit down because she had been standing all day in the hospital.

.
(

.)
Sarmilan was tired because he had been exercising so hard.
Homework:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
He, She, It,

You, We, They

.
(Signal words)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------since
for
all day
the whole day
:
How long
:
How long had you been doing a job in Singapore?
?
I had been doing a job for 12 months.
12
. (

)
How long had you been studying English?

?
I had been studying English since 2005. (Id been)

2005
. (

How long
.
for, since

(Short Forms)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Positive Short forms
I had been = I'd been
You had been = You'd been
He had been = He'd been
She had been = She'd been
It had been = It'd been
We had been = We'd been
They had been = They'd been
Negative Short forms
I had not been = I'd not been / I hadn't been

You had not been = You'd not been / You hadn't been
He had not been = He'd not been / He hadn't been
She had not been = She'd not been / She hadn't been
It had not been = It'd not been / It hadn't been
We have not been = We'd not been / We hadn't been
They have not been = They'd not been / They hadn't been
(Diagram)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. (The
diagram explain to you that Past Perfect Continuous to show that action started in the past
and continued up until another time in the past.)
(Passive Voice)
2010
(Passive Voice)

, (Subject)

(Object)
Past
Participle

:
Sarmilan is doing a job.
(The) Job is done by Sarmilan.

.
(

.)
!

(Grammar Patterns)

.

.
Passive
Voice.mp3
1. It is done.

.
2. It is being done.

3. It was done.

.
4. It was being done.

5. It will be done.
.
6. It will be being done.

7. It would be done.

.
8. It would be being done.

9. It is not done.

.
10. It wasnt done. (was + not)

11. It won't be done. (will + not)

.
12. It has been done.
( /

.
13. It has been being done.
( /

14. It had been done.

(
.
15. It had been being done.
(
16. It will have been done.

(
.
17. It will have been being done.
(
18. It is to be done.

.
19. It was to be done.

.
20. It is going to be done.

.
21. It was going to be done.

.
22. It can be done.

.
23. It can't be done.

.
24. It could be done.

.
25. It couldn't be done.

.
26. It must be done.
(
)
.
27. It must not be done.
(
)
.
28. It should be done.

.
29. It shouldnt be done.

.
30. It ought to be done.

.
31. It has to be done.

.
32. It doesn't have to be done.

.
33. It had to be done.

.
34. It didn't have to be done.

.
35. It will have to be done.

.
36. It wont have to be done.

37. It need be done.

.
38. It needn't be done.

.
39. It may be done.

40. It may have been done.

.
41. It must have been done.

.
42. It would have been done.

.
43. It wouldn't have been done.

.
44. It could have been done.

. (
)
45. It should have been done.

. (
)
46. It shouldn't have been done.

. (
)
47. It ought to have been done.

. (
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.

.
2.
,

.
3. ,
.
4.
(
(
, ,

...)
5.

(Passive Voice)
Hong Kong Island was occupied by British forces in 1841

1841
.
(

1841
.)
A young female Tamil journalist was arrested by the Police on suspicion.

.
(
.)
Two decomposed bodies of Tamils were discovered on Friday.
.
Tamils were abducted by unidentified armed persons.

.
(

.)
An university Tamil girl was kidnapped on December 31 morning.

31
.
(

31
.)
Navanethem Pillay was appointed as new United Nations High Commissioner for Human
Rights.

.
(

.)
Barack Hussein Obama was elected President of the United States on 5 Nov 2008.

5
2008
.
(2008
5

.)
Annathurai is considered an intellectual and a brilliant Tamil scholar.
.
(
.)

"
"
Homework:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

10
47
47
.
1. Ravi is investigated by police.

.
2. The Robot is made by Japan
.
3. His interview is postponed

4. She is appointed as Managing Director.

5. My wallet is stolen.

.
6. It is made

.
7. Sitha is kidnapped by Iravanan.

.
8. The letter is sent by post.

.
9. The man is killed by Army.
10. It is done by Government of Sri Lanka

.
Direct Object - Indirect Object
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

. Direct Object
. Indirect Object
.
Direct Object:

.
Ravi was investigated by police.

.
The Robot was made by Japan
.
Sitha was kidnapped by Iravanan.

.
The letter was sent by post.
.
The men was killed by Army.
. (
The window was broken by Sarmilan.
.
Indirect Object: http://aangilam.blogspot.com

(Indirect Object)
.
.
1.

.
2.

.
3.

. (
.)
Ravi was investigated.

. (
.)
The Robot was made.
. (
,

.)
Sitha was kidnapped.

. (
)
The letter was sent.
. (

)
The men was killed.
. (
.)
The window was broken.
. (
.)
: http://aangilam.blogspot.com
1.
(Passive Voice)

Grammar Patterns 01

.
2.
(Main Verb)
"Past Participle"
.
Irregular verbs
.
3.
. (

.)
2010

(URL)
(Articles)
"

"

.
:
the, a, an
.
Definite Article =

Indefinite Articles =
(Definite Article)
The

. Specific

.
,

.
(The)

:
The car.
(
/
)
The book.
(
/
)

The beautiful girl
(
/
)
.
(Indefinite Articles)
;
(
/
), (
/
)

.

;
,

,
"
", ""
an
:
a car

(
,

)
a book

(

.

.)
a beautiful girl

(
.
)
a

, an
:
He is an Indian

.
(

)

There is a car. The car is fifty years old.

.

50
() .
"

"

"

50
.
.
" a
The
:
This is a book. The book is mine.

.

.
There is a beautiful girl. The girl is my girlfriend.

.
.
(Zero Article)
.
Zero Article
I like to drink water.
. "
."

,
.
I like to drink a water.
I like to drink the water.
:
Define Article
Define Articles
s

. Define Article (The)

.
(Definitions of Article)
"Article"
.
"

"

.
Article:

)
Article:
. (
)
article:
()
Article:
,
(Articles)
(Use a/ an - Vowels and Consonant)
(The vs Thee)
(Prepositions
of Time)

.

(
++

)
.)
:
Subject + to be + Preposition + Noun/Pronoun
The book is + on + the table.
. (
The letter is + under + your English book.

"
"

(one word)
I am staying at home.
I spoke to her on wednesday morning.
I bought this computer in the summer.
(a group of word)
The cat is on the left of the dog.

The driver is in front of passengers.
They are at the top of stairs.
. ,

(at home, on water),

(in it,
next to me),
(noun phrase)

(across from the tall building)

.
1.
(Time Prepositions)
2.
(Place Prepositions)
3.
(Direction Prepositions)

.

"
(Prepositions of Time)
"
"

,
,
,
.
"
"
"at"

(a specific time)
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
3 o'clock
9:00am
noon
dinnertime
bedtime
sunrise
sunset
the moment
night
midnight
"at"
"
at
at
at
at
at
daybreak
the weekend
the same time
present
Chritmas/Easter
"in"
"in"
(Months)

in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
Augest
September
October
November
December
"in"
(Season)
.
in
in
in
in
Spring
Summer
Winter
Autumn
"the"
. "autumn"
"the"

.
in
in
in
in
the spring (in the springtime)

the summer (in the summertime)
the winter (in the wintertime)
autumn (in autumntime)
"autumn"
"fall"
.
"in"
(Years)

in 2008
in 1990
in 2009
in last year, in next year, in every year

.
last year
next year
every year
"in"
(Times of the Day)

in the morning
in the afternoon
in the evening
at night
"
"

"at night"

. (in night / in the night

.)
"in"
in
in
in
in
in
the next century

the Ice Age
the past
a few days
a couple of months
"on"
(Dates)

"on"

,

,

"in"
.
on
on
on
on
January 3
January 3, 2001
25 Dec. 2010
15th Augest 2009

(Days of week)

"on"
.
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
on Saturday morning
on Sunday afternoon
on Monday evening

(Holydays and Special days)
"on"
.
on
on
on
on
Mother's day
Velentine's day
Christmas Eve/Day
Independence Day
on New Year's Eve

on my birthday
on the first day of the school year
at Christmas

"at Christmas"

.
The stars shine at night
In England, it often snows in December.
.
Do you work on Mondays?

?
I will be there after work.

I will be there around 3 pm

3
.
I will be there before I go to school.

.
I have been riding my bicycle for 2 hours.
.
I will be there during your class.
I will be there for your birthday.
I wasn't there for the past 2 months.
I didn't see her since I was 10 years old.

.
I will not be home until 7:00 PM.
7 .
I will be there within 2 hours.
(List of Prepositions)
(List Of Prepositions)
(Prepositions Of Time)
(Prepositions Of Place)
(Prepositions Of Direction)
(Prepositions
of Place)
"
"
"
"
"Prepositions of Place"
"Prepositions of Location"
'

',

. ("Place Prepositions" means where
someone or something is)
"at"

(a specific place)

.
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
home -
work -
the party -
the corner -
the top -
/
the bus stop -

the entrance -
the crossroads -
the theater -
the beach -
the top of the page - (

)
the end of the road -
"in"

. (a place that
within boundaries)
:
in London -
"
"

. "
"

.
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
a box -
(
;
.)
Hong Kong -

New York - (
)
my pocket - (
)
my wallet - (
)
a building -
a car -
/
the garden -

the swiming pool -
the world -
"on"
"
", ""

"
"

: "
",
"
", "
"

"
",

.
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
the
the
the
the
the
the
the
wall -
table -
ceiling -
cover -
floor -
carpet -
menu -

"
"
:
01. Sarmilan is at home.
.
02. Kavitha is waiting for you at the bus stop.

.
03. Do you work in an office?

?
04. Do you live in Hong Kong?

?
05. The book is on the table.

.
(

.)
06. Put it down on the table.

.
( )
07. She is aboard the boat.
.
(
.)
08. The picture is above the sofa.
.
09. Last year we flew to New York

(

)
10. I usually go to work by bus.

.
11. The desk is against the wall.

.
12. I sit between Mayuran and Praba
.
13. The woman is among all workers.
.
14. The boy is among his friends.

.
15. The passengers are behind the driver.
.
16. The desk is below the window

.
17. The car is outside the garage.
.
18. There is a long line of people outside the theater.
.
20. The post office is on the opposite side of the street.

.
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
home -
work -
school -
university -
college -
the top -
/
the bottom -
(at - in - on)
at the side -
at reception -
/
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
a car - ()
a taxi -
a helicopter -

a boat -
a lift (elevator) -
the newspaper -
the sky -
a row -
a bus - ()
a train -

a plane -
a ship -
a bicycle -
a horse -
the radio -
television -
the left -
the right -
the way -

"
"
.
next to
at the back of
at the top of
at the bottom of
in fornt of
in the corner of
in the middle of
on the left of
on the right of
on the corner of
on top of
on the side of
on the other side of
to the left of
to the right of
"

"

.
01. I live next to my best friend.
.
02. We are going to sit at the back of the theater.
03. The books were at the top of the shelves.
.
04. The driver is in front of passenger.
.
05. We live in the middle of the street.
.
06. The dog is on the right of the cat.
.
07. We live on the corner of 3rd avenue

.
08. The clown is on top of the box.
.
09. There is a man on the top of the roof.
.
(

.)
10. There is a large garden in the middle of the skyscraper.

.
(152

"" (Skyscraper)
.)
, (Different words
same meaning)
.

; .
,

.
:
near / by =

"
"

.
next to / beside =

"
"

.
across from / opposite =

"
"

(Some prepositions are similar, but different) .
:
below / under

""

:
below -
""
,

.
The desk is below the window.
under -
""

The pencil is under the table.

above / over
""
:
above -
""

.
The baloon was high above our heads.
over -
""

""

.
The girl is wearing scaf over her head.
(List Of Prepositions)
(Prepositions Of Time)
(Prepositions Of Place)
(Prepositions Of Direction)

1 (Grammar Patterns 1) : Doajob

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- 1 (Grammar Patterns

8. I am not doing a job.

9. I was doing a job.

10. I wasn't doing a job.

11. I will be doing a job.

12. I won't be doing a job.

13. I am going to do a job.

45. I don't need to do a job.

57. I used to do a job.

65. I had been doing a job.

66. I see him doing a job.

Was + not = Wasnt

"Well Begun is Half

"He speaks in English -

9. He was speaking in English.

10. He wasn't speaking in English.

31. He may be speaking in English.

57. He used to speak in English.

65. He had been speaking in English.

66. I see him speak in English.

. "Third Person Singular"

Grammar Patterns -1 I "First

Grammar Patterns -2 He, She, It " Third Person Singular" "is"

"Grammar Patterns 3"

9. We were going to school.

10. We weren't going to school.

12. We wont be going to school.

50. Going to school is useful.

65. We had been going to school.

66. We see him going to school.

67. We dont see him going to school.

(Simple Present Tense)

Grammar Patterns 1, Grammar Patterns 2, Grammar Patterns 3

"Simple Present Tense""

No, I dont speak in English. (do + not)

"You, We, They - /

11. I pay the loan.

17. I watch a movie.

23. I have some tea.

43. I take a transfer.

. He/ She/ It Infinitive + e, es

"Third Person Singular"

"Auxiliary verb" 'Does'

No, he doesnt speak in English. (does + not)

Cat thinks about rat. -

s, x, z, ch, sh, 0"

5 (Present Continuous Tense)

What are you doing now?

2. I am going to the bathroom.

5. I am having some tea.

9. I am teaching at the university.

10. I am writing a story.

11. I am traveling by bus.

12. I am painting my room.

13. I am living in California

14. I am working in the office

15. I am doing my duty.

16. I am operating a computer.

17. I am driving a car.

18. I am asking some questions with them.

19. I am sharing my lunch.

20. I am working as a team.

21. I am talking with my friends.