CHAPTER 4: BEGINNINGS AND ENDINGS

LEAD-INS 1. Catches readers attention 2. Announces subject matter and tone 3. Sets up, leads into presentation of thesis/ essay map SUGGESTIONS FOR A LEAD-IN 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. A paradoxical or intriguing statement An arresting statistic or a shocking statement A quotation or literary allusion Statement of a problem or a popular misconception A question A relevant story, joke or anecdote A description, often used for emotional appeal A factual statement or a summary An analogy or comparison 10.A contrast A personal experience A catalog of relevant examples

AVOIDING ERRORS -Make sure to introduce your thesis Keep it brief Do not begin with an apology or a complaint Do not assume your audience already knows the subject matter -Stay clear of overused lead-ins

CONCLUDING PARAGRAPHS -IT IS YOUR LAST CHANCE TO CONVINCE THE READER. SUGGESTIONS FOR A CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. An evaluation of the importance of the essays subjects A statement on the essays broader implications A quotation from an authority or someone whose insight emphasizes the main point A rhetorical question that makes the readers think about the essays main point A restatement of both the thesis and the essays main points A call to action A warning based on the essays thesis An anecdote of witticism that emphasizes or sums up the point of the essay An image description that lends finality to the essay A forecast based on the essays thesis

AVOIDING ERRORS: Avoid a mechanical ending Dont introduce new points Dont tack on a conclusion Dont change your stance Avoid trite expressions

HOW TO WRITE A GOOD TITLE (Explanation here) TWO BASIC RULES FOR PRESENTATION OF YOUR TITLE 1. Your own title should not be underlined or put in quotation marks. 2. Only the first word and the important words of your title should be capitalized.

*Note: first four suggestions for lead-ins and concluding paragraph will be given examples. The rest will just be mentioned.