Is there a difference between the 'UNITED STATES' and the 'united States of America'?

Interestingly enough congress does not legislate for the people Congress legislates for the federal territories and regulates commerce between the states. That legislation for the federal territories need not be constitutional. First is the issue of your being a citizen of the United States. Most everyone would seemingly agree that they are a proud American and therefore e ually proud to be called a citizen of the United States. !ut how do the law and the Supreme "ourt define a United States citizen and most importantly the rights# privileges and immunities associated with being one. there is in our $olitical System# a government of each of the several states and a government of the United States %ach is distinct from the other and has citizens of its own.. United States v. "rui&shan&# '( US )*(# +,-.)/ 0here is a clear distinction between national citizenship and state citizenship. ()1 $. )*)# affirmed (.- US ,(2# 3ordan v. 0ashiro +,'(-/0he only absolute and un ualified right of a United States citizen is to residence within the territorial boundaries of the United States# US vs. 4alentine (-- F. Supp. ').. 0he privileges and immunities clause of the ,*th Amendment protects very few rights because it neither incorporates the !ill of 5ights# nor protects all rights of individual citizens. 6nstead this provision protects only those rights peculiar to being a citizen of the federal government7 it does not protect those rights which relate to state citizenship. 3ones v. 0emmer# -' F. Supp ,((1 8oes the above comport with your pre9established notion that being a United States citizen is the best of all worlds regarding your rights# freedom and liberty. 8id you even &now there was such a thing as a state "itizen and it was different from being a U.S. citizen: Are you possibly shoc&ed to &now that as a ,*th Amendment U.S. citizen# one does not have the protection of the !ill of 5ights7 in fact ,*th Amendment U.S. "itizenship protects very few rights; 8id the government employees teaching in the public schools ever teach you this; 6n the "onstitution of the United States# the phrase <"itizen of the United States< appears. !ecause this phrase appears within a "onstitution# not a statute# the meaning of the phrase is determined by Page 1 of 11

the meaning intended by those who wrote and signed the "onstitution. 6f the intended meaning is manifest# there is no power on earth# including that of a criminal in a blac& robe# which can alter the meaning of the phrase. 0he meaning of the phrase <"itizen of the United States< is well understood. 0hat phrase is shorthand for the sentence# <All the "itizens of the ,2 independent nations =called <states<> that are a party to this "onstitution<. 0he important element that you should understand is that the <"itizen of the United States< spo&en of in the "onstitution of the United States is more properly and accurately a "itizen of the state in which he lives. 0he phrase <"itizen of the United States< is actually a euphemism used for convenience and brevity# and not a legal title.

It becomes obviously necessary to know the definition of the United States so that jurisdiction can be determined. Lets see what the UNITED ST TES con!ress has to say in" UNITE !T"TE! Code title #$ section 1%&' (1) and (#). U!C Title #$ is *U ICI"+, "N *U ICI"- P+.CE U+E Code. 1746. Unsworn declarations under penalty of perjury (1) If executed without the United States: I declare (or certify, verify, or state) under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States of A erica that the fore!oin! is true and correct" #xecuted on (date)" (Si!nature)$$" (%) If executed within the United States, its territories, possessions, or co onwealths: I declare (or certify, verify, or state) under penalty of perjury that the fore!oin! is true and correct" #xecuted on (date)" (Si!nature)$$" (Added &u'" (" )*+,,-, . 1(a), /ct" 10, 1)12, )- Stat" %,3*") #rom this we can determine that $erjury laws for the United States of Page # of 11

merica are different than the $erjury laws for United States. To !ain a more com$rehensive com$rehension of the definition of the %UNITED ST TES% we must look to some Su$reme &ourt rulin!s.

#irst lets look to the rulin! in the case entitled" /oo0en 1 "llison Co. 2. E0att3 Ta4 Commissioner of .hio3 5#& U.!.3 16&&3 the Court made the following statement, the term United States may be used in anyone of several senses. It may be merely the name of a sovereign occupying the position analogous to that of other sovereigns in the family of nations. It may designate the territory over which the sovereignty of the United States e tends, or it may be the collective name of the states which are united by and under the Constitution.!
#irst the term3 "United States" may be merely the name of a sovereign. 'e mi!ht ask just what is this thin! that has the name United States and is Soverei!n( #or an answer we can look to) U!C title #$ section 577# subsection 18(").

TITLE 28JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE 3002. Definitions (1,) United States$$ eans4 (A) a 5ederal corporation6 " #rom this e*amination we can see that this Soverei!n with the name +United States! is a #ederal corporation!. nd we can see that it is this cor$oration with the name "United States" which has soverei!nty which e*tends over the territory called "United States" . nd lastly in /oo0en 1 "llison Co. 03 E0att9 it is stated that it$United States% may be the collective name of the states which are united by and under the Constitution.!

The States united by and under the constitution are se$arate and distinct in res$ect to the states united by the articles of confederation. So far we can see that)
&' United States is a #ederal corporation!( )' United States is the name of the territory over which the corporation rules( *' United States is the name of a group of territories united by and under the Constitution.

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Lets look for some verification of the definition of State. In the Internal +e0enue Code (I+C) as of :ay 183 16673 at section 51#1(e)3 certain definitions are gi0en. ;irst3 the term <!tate= is defined as3 +he term State includes the ,istrict of Columbia, the Commonwealth of -uerto .ico, the /irgin Islands, 0uam, and 1merican Samoa.!

,ey wait a minute I thou!ht these were territories" not States" and what about -re!on" &alifornia and Idaho(
Ne*t" the definition of United States is !iven as, The term United States when used in a geographical sense includes the Commonwealth of -uerto .ico, the /irgin Islands, 0uam, and 1merican Samoa.!

,ere we notice that -re!on" &alifornia" Idaho and the other states are not %included% in the definition of +United States. and therefore must be e*cluded. &ould it be that -re!on "&alifornia" Idaho and the other states are included in the united states of &onfederation(
Lets look to /lacks law first edition for the definition of CONFEDE AC!"# In international law. " league or agreement between two or more independent states whereby they unite for their mutual welfare and the furtherance of their common aims. The term may apply to a union so formed for a temporary or limited purpose3 as in the case of an offensi0e and defensi0e alliance> but it is more commonly used to denote that species of political connection between two or more independent states by which a central go0ernment is created3 in0ested with certain powers of so0ereignty3 (mostly e4ternal3) and acting upon the se0eral component states as its units3 which3 Page & of 11

merica" united by and under the articles of

howe0er3

retain their so0ereign powers for domestic purposes and some others. !ee FEDE A$ %O&E N'ENT" CONFEDE ATION. " league or compact for mutual support3 particularly of princes3 nations3 or states. !uch was the colonial go0ernment during the +e0olution. F E D E A $ %O&E N'ENT" The system of go0ernment administered in a state formed by the union or confederation of se0eral independent or 2uasi independent states> also the composite state so formed. In strict usage3 there is a distinction between a confederation and a, federal government. The former term denotes a league or permanent alliance between se0eral states3 each of which is fully so0ereign and independent3 and each of which retains its full dignity3 organi?ation3 and so0ereignty3 though yielding to the central authority a controlling power for a few limited purposes3 such as e4ternal and diplomatic relations. In this case3 the component states are the units3 with respect to the confederation3 and the central go0ernment acts upon them3 not upon the indi0idual citi?ens. In a federal government, on the other hand3 the allied states form a union3@not3 indeed3 to such an e4tent as to destroy their separate organi?ation or depri0e them of 2uasi so0ereignty with respect to the administration of their purely local concerns3 but so that the central power is erected into a true state or nation3 possessing so0ereignty both e4ternal and internal3@ while the administration of national affairs is directed3 and its effects felt3 not by the separate states deliberating as units3 but by the people of all3 in their collecti0e capacity3 as citi?ens of the nation. The distinction is e4pressed3 by the Aerman writers3 by the use of the two words BStaatenbund3 and 34undesstaat(3 the former denoting a league or confederation of states3 and the latter a federal go0ernment3 or state formed Page 8 of 11

by means of a league or confederation.

It can be found in the CDeclaration of Independence' (Adopted by Congress on July 4, 1776) The Unanimous eclaration of the Thirteen United !tates of "merica9 and De3 therefore3 the representati0es of the United !tates of "merica3 in Aeneral Congress3 assembled3appealing to the !upreme *udge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions3 do3 in the name3 and by the authority of the good people of these colonies3 solemnly publish and declare3 that these united colonies are3 and of right ought to be free and independent states> that they are absol0ed from all allegiance to the Eritish Crown3 and that all political connection between them and the state of Areat Eritain3 is and ought to be totally dissol0ed> and that as free and independent states3 they ha0e full power to le0y war3 conclude peace3 contract alliances3 establish commerce3 and to do all other acts and things which independent states may of right do. "nd for the support of this declaration3 with a firm reliance on the protection of i0ine Pro0idence3 we mutually pledge to each other our li0es3 our fortunes and our sacred honor.9 ;rom this we can conclude that each state(United !tates of "merica) is free and independent and are Fnown as the United !tates of "merica (independent republic nation states). Dhereas the United states (territories) are not. Now refer to the articles of confederation) Artic(e I" The !tile of this Confederacy shall be BThe United !tates of "merica.B Artic(e II" Each state )The United States of America* retains its so0ereignty3 freedom3 and independence3 and e0ery Power3 *urisdiction3 and right3 which is not by this confederation e4pressly delegated to the United States3 in Congress assembled. Gemphisis mineH "gain we see the difference between The United States of America and the United States"

Now for further insi!ht lets look to US su$reme court rulin! in +oward ," Sin-in. Fund of $ouis,i((e/

There has been created a fictiona( Federa( State within a state#" !ee +oward ,"
Sin-in. Fund of $ouis,i((e/ 5&& U.!. '#&3 %5 !.Ct. &'83 &%'3 6% -.Ed. '1% (1685)> !chwart? 0. .=/ara TP. !chool ist.3 177 ". #d. '#13 '#83 5%8 Pa. &&7. (Compare also 51 C.;.+. Parts 81.# and 8#.#3 which also identify a fictional !tate within a state.) This fictional !tate9 is identified by the use

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of twoIletter abbre0iations liFe C"93 "J9 and TK93 as distinguished from the authori?ed abbre0iations liFe Calif.93 "ri?.9 and Te4.93 etc. This fictional !tate also uses JIP codes which are within the municipal3 e4clusi0e legislati0e Lurisdiction of Congress.

Now for a little more insi!ht lets look to) 3 isenberg !" Co##ercial $nion Assurance Co"3 1$6 ;.!upp. 877 (16'7) BIt is to be noted that the statute differentiates between !tates of the United !tates and foreign states by the use of a capital ! for the word when applied to a !tate of the United !tates.B isenberg !" Co##ercial $nion Assurance Co"3 1$6 ;.!upp. 877 (16'7) 5ow for a little more insight lets loo6 toM 0 U"S"C"S" Sec" 1123d4 Notice here that the United states of america are forei!n to the United States. Evidence that the UNITE !T"TE! is forei!n in res$ect to united !tates of "merica is found in the 0 $oints as follows) (1) December 26th 1933 49 Statute 3097 Treaty Series 881 (Convention on Rights and Duties of States) stated CON R!SS re"#aced S$%$&$!S 'ith internationa# #a'( "#acing a## States under internationa# #a') (#) December 9th 19*+ ,nternationa# Organi-ation ,mmunities %ct re#in.uished ever/ "ub#ic office of the &nited States to the &nited Nations) (5) 22 CFR 92.12-92.31 FR 0eading 12oreign Re#ationshi"3 states that an oath is re.uired to ta4e office) (&) Title 8 USC 1481 stated once an oath of office is ta4en citi-enshi" is re#in.uished( thus /ou become a foreign entit/( agenc/( or state) $hat means ever/ "ub#ic office is a foreign state( inc#uding a## "o#itica# subdivisions) (i)e) ever/ sing#e court is considered a se"arate foreign entit/) (8) Title 22 USC (2oreign Re#ations and ,ntercourse) Chapter 11 identifies a## "ub#ic officia#s as foreign agents)

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55 USC 6 711
(m)The term United !tates93 when used in a geographical sense3 includes the se0eral !tates3 the istrict of Columbia3 the Territories3 the Canal Jone3 the insular possessions3 and all other places now or hereafter subLect to the ci0il or military Lurisdiction of the United !tates>
Object 1

0 U"S"C"S" Sec" 1123d4. The term !tate9 includes any Territory or possession of the United !tates. ( NoteM the use of the capital !9 in !tate9 is reference to the designated territorial !tates9 and possessions held by the Corporate United !tates9.)

TIT$E 588 C+A9TE 10 Sec" 0:1" Definitions 31#) The term NN!tateCC means a !tate of the United !tates3 the istrict of Columbia3 the Commonwealth
of Puerto +ico3 or a territory or possession of the United !tates. ;urther proof of the foreign status of the United !tates is found atM

The issues as to whether there are different meanings for the term BUnited !tatesB3 and whether there are three different BUnited !tatesB operating within the same geographical area3 and one BUnited !tatesB operating outside the Constitution o0er its own territory (in which it has citi?ens belonging to said BUnited !tatesB)3 were settled in 1671 by the !upreme Court in the cases of De $ima ," ;idwe((/ 1<5 U"S" 1 and Downes ," ;idwe((/ 1<5 U"S" 500. In ownes supra3 *ustice /arlan dissented as followsM The idea pre0ails with some II indeed3 it found e4pression in arguments at the bar II that we ha0e in this country substantially or practically two national go0ernments> one3 to be maintained under the Constitution3 with all its restrictions> the other to be maintained by Congress outside and independently of that instrument3 by e4ercising such powers as other nations of the earth are accustomed to e4ercise.

)Downes su=ra/ =a.e :<2/ em=hasis added* +e went on to sa>/ on =a.e :<5? It will be an e0il day for "merican liberty if the theory of a go0ernment outside of the
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supreme law of the land finds lodgment in our constitutional Lurisprudence. No higher duty rests upon this court than to e4ert its full authority to pre0ent all 0iolation of the principles of the Constitution. )Downes su=ra/ =a.e :<5/ em=hasis added* Ouoting ;ourteen iamond +ings 0. United !tates3 1$5 U.!. 1%'> cf. e -ima 0. Eidwell3 1$# U.!. 1> ooley 0. United !tates3 1$# U.!. ###> ;aber 0. United !tates3 ##1 U.!. '&6> cf. /uus 0. New ,orF 1 P.+.!.!. Co.3 1$# U.!. 56#> Aon?ales 0. Dilliams3 16# U.!. 1> Dest India .il Co. 0. omenech3 511 U.!. #7.
Two national !overnments 123 united States of States. merica and 143 United

Tit(e 1< U"S"C" 6 @ specifies that the territorial Lurisdiction of the United !tates e4tends only outside
the boundaries of lands belonging to any of the 87 states3 and Title &7 U.!.C. P #88 specifies the legal conditions that must be fulfilled for the United !tates go0ernment to ha0e e4clusi0e or shared Lurisdiction within the area of lands belonging to the !tates of the Union.

TIT$E 188%ENE A$ 9 O&ISIONS C+A9TE 188 U$ES OF CONST UCTION Sec. #. NNCountyCC as including NNparishCC3 and so forth The word NNcountyCC includes a parish3 or any other eQui0alent subdi0ision of a !tate or Territory of the United !tates. (*uly 573 16&%3 ch. 5$$3 '1 !tat. '55.)

BThe U! Ao0ernment Incorporated as a forIprofit commercial enterprise in the legislati0e act of ;ebruary #1st of 1$%1> 01st Con.ress Session :/ Cha=ter 75 =a.e 01A and charted a federal company entitled CUnited !tates3 i.e. United !tates "R" U! Incorporated3 a commercial agency originally designated as Dashington .C.> in accordance with the soIcalled 1&th "mendment3 which the records indicate was ne0er ratified. The ironIfist go0ernment is a foreign corporation with respect to the state.B

Fo(e> ;rothers/ Inc" ," Fi(ardo/ ::7 U"S" 5<1 31A0A4"# (U.!. regulations apply only within the U.!. Page 6 of 11

territories and the istrict of Columbia. It is a well established principle of law that all federal regulation applies only within the territorial Lurisdiction of the United !tates unless a contrary intent appears.9)

Caha ," US/ 1B5 U"S" 511 31<A04# (U.!. regulations apply only within the U.!. territories and the istrict of Columbia. The laws of Congress in respect to those matters Goutside of Constitutionally delegated powersH do not e4tend into the territorial limits of the states3 but ha0e force only in the istrict of Columbia3 and other places that are within the e4clusi0e Lurisdiction of the national go0ernment.9) The Ao0ernment by becoming a corporator (!eeM #$ U!C P 577#(18)(")(E)(C)3 ## U!C" #$'(e) lays down its so0ereignty and taFes on that of a pri0ate citi?en3 it can e4ercise no power which is not deri0ed from the corporate charter. (!eeM The EanF of the United !tates 0s. Planters EanF of Aeorgia. ' - Ed.(Dheat)

U.!. 0s. Eurr. 576 U.!. #&#). The +E"- P"+T, IN INTE+E!T is not the de Lure BUnited !tates of "mericaB or B!tateB3 but BThe EanFB and BThe ;undB. (## U!C" #$'3 et seQ.). The acts committed under fraud3 force and sei?ure are many times done under B-etters of :arQue and . +eprisalB i.e. Brecapture.B (!eeM 51 U!C" 85#5). such principles as B;raud and *ustice ne0er dwell together.9 DingateCs :a4ims3 '$7. and3 B" right of action cannot arise out of fraud.B

Artic(e &I C Debts / Su=remac>/ Oaths

"ll ebts contracted and Engagements entered into3 before the "doption of this Constitution3 shall be as 0alid against the United !tates under this Constitution3 as under the Confederation. This Constitution3 and the -aws of the United !tates which shall be made in Pursuance thereof> and all Treaties made3 or which shall be made3 under the "uthority of the United !tates3 shall be the supreme -aw of the -and> and the *udges in e0ery !tate shall be bound thereby3 any Thing in the Constitution or -aws of any !tate to the Contrary notwithstanding. The !enators and +epresentati0es before mentioned3 and the :embers of the se0eral !tate -egislatures3 and all e4ecuti0e and Ludicial .fficers3 both of the United !tates and of the se0eral !tates3 shall be bound by .ath or "ffirmation3 to support this Constitution> but no religious Test shall e0er be reQuired as a Oualification to any .ffice or public Trust under the United !tates.

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Call the !ecretary of !tate and order a certified true copy of the U! constitution. Notice that this U! constitution was adopted in 1$%1. This is actually a constitution for the 5overnment of the District of &olumbia. The munici$ality act of 2672"formin! a cor$oration for the 5overnment of the District of &olumbia. lso order a co$y of I8S license to conduct business in -re!on. (I+! does not ha0e a license to do business in .regon or ant other state) In the event the Secretary is unable to locate the license then a certificate of search and unable to locate. The I+! is not a U! go0ernment agency. It is an agency of the I:; (International :onetary ;und) 3Di,ersified 'eta( 9roducts , I" "S et a(" The I:; (International :onetary ;und) is an agency of the U.N. 3;(ac-'s $aw Dictionar> 7th Ed" =a.e <174

The ;CC3CI"3;EI3N"!" and all of the other alphabet gangs were ne0er part of the United !tates go0ernment. E0en though the U! Ao0ernment9 held shares of stocF in the 0arious "gencies. U.S. v Strang 2!4 US 491 "e#is 0.U! $80 F.2% 1239

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