TNG QUAN

Mng ct Mng ct c tn khoa hc l Garcinia mangostana L. thuc h Ba (Clusiaceae), ngi phng Ty gi tri Mng ct l n hong ca cc loi tri cy l loi cy n qu c trng cc vng kh hu nhit i, c bit ph bin nht vng ng Nam , n , Sri Lanka. Vit Nam mng ct ch yu c trng vng ng bng sng Cu Long vi tng din tch ln ti 4900 ha, cho sn lng khong 4500 tn.. Trong tp trung trng ch yu ti cc tnh Bn Tre, Vnh Long, Tr Vinh v Bnh Dng. Cy cao t 7 n 25 m. Qu khi chn c v ngoi dy, mu tm m. Rut trng ng v chia thnh nhiu mi c v chua ngt c mi thm thu ht. Mng ct l mt loi cy to, c th cao ti 20-25 m. L dy, dai, mu lc sm, hnh thun di. Hoa c cm 3-9 hoa c l bc. Hoa lng tnh c cung c t. Qu hnh cu, to bng qu cam trung bnh, v ngoi mu tm dy cng, ti nh ru vang, dy xp, pha di c l di, pha nh c u nhy. Trong qu c t 6 n 18 ht, quanh ht c o ht trng, n ngt thm ngon. Mng ct i hi iu kin th nhng kht khe, kh hu nng v m. Do , cy mng ct ch phn b cc vng c kh hu m p, khng tin xa ra vng kh hu lnh pha bc m ch dng li Hu. Mng ct l loi thc vt giu cc dn xut xanthone nht c pht hin cho n nay. Trong s hn 200 dn xut xanthone c tm thy thc vt th c n 60 dn xut mng ct, ch yu tp trung phn v qu. Trong s cc dn xut xanthone c trong v qu mng ct th mangostin c hm lng cao nht, chim khong 0,02-0,2% trng lng kh. Tip n l -mangostin v -mangostin, chim khong 0,016-0,07%. Hm lng ca cc cht gacinone, c bit l garcinone E chim khong 0,01-0,035%, y l mt cht c hot tnh c ch mnh s pht trin ca nhiu loi t bo ung th, cho nn ang c nhiu nh khoa hc quan tm. V tc dng dc l, t lu tri Mng ct ngoi hng v thm ngon cng hin nhiu bi thuc qu. Ngi Vit Nam, n , Thi Lan, Indonesia, Phillipines, dng v tri Mng ct tr tiu chy, au bng, bnh vng da, chng vim, c ch d ng, khng vi khun, vi sinh vt, lm gin ph qun trong iu tr hen suyn. Hin nay, cc dn xut xanthone t mng ct, v ang c cc nh khoa hc quan tm nh cc hot tnh sinh hc quan trng nh hot tnh khng khun, khng nm, khng vim, chng oxi ha, c bit l hot tnh chng ung th, nhm mc ch tm ra hot cht c ngun gc t nhin lm thuc h tr iu tr ung th.

Thuc nhum v cht mu t nhin c bit n v s dng t thin nin k trc. Cho n gia th k 19, s pht minh ra thuc nhum tng hp u tin thay th cht mu t nhin gn nh hon ton. Tuy nhin, nhng nm gn y, nhn thc v vn mi trng, sc khe ngi sn xut v tiu dng, vic nghin cu v p dng cng ngh nhum vt liu dt bng cc ngun nguyn liu t nhin rt c quan tm. Vi u im ni bt ca nguyn liu t nhin l hiu qu i vi hng pht trin ti nguyn thin nhin v thn thin mi trng, nn mt s quc gia trn th gii pht ng nhiu chnh sch khuyn khch v h tr hng pht trin "Cng ngh pht trin bn vng. Nh vy, s ln mnh ca cng ngh nhum vt liu dt bng cc hp cht mu t nhin trn th gii l mt thc t khng th ph nhn. Song, hin nay hu ht cc nghin cu ch mi da trn kt qu phng th nghim hoc cc qu trnh m hnh. Poly amit Poliamit 6.6 (Nylon 6.6) Poliamit 6.6 c sn xut t sn phm chng ct than hay cracking du th Hai n phn t l acid adipic v hexanmetylendiamin.mt trong chng c su nguyn t cacbon s li xut hin trong polime to thnh poliamit v vy c tn l poliamit 6.6 C hai cu t u tan trong metanol v sau hai dung dch c ha trn theo t l bng nhau.Nh vy sn xut ra cc tinh th mui poliamit 6.6 tan c trong nc.Dung dch ny c bm vo ni cao p v a ti nhit 215oC sau hnh thnh mt polime nho mt khi c lm lnh n chy mm v c ko thnh si v p n trc khi lm lnh bng khng kh im quan trng trong qu trnh sn xut l pha ko dui si n nh hng cc phn t ny ko gin ti 4 ln chiu di ban u Poliamit 6 (Nylon 6)

Nguyn liu c bn l xyclohexanol cht ny c chuyn thnh n phn tuwraprolactam v sinh ra poliamit 6 khi polime ha.N c gi nh vy v phn t cha 6 nguyn t cacbon Sau khi polime ha tin hnh nghin v ra loi cc n phn cn li Sy kh c tin hnh trc khi nu chy polime 2500C sau ko si ngay x si ng rn khi tip xc vi khng kh.Pha ko dui si cng quan trng v c thc hin nh cng kiu vi poliamit 6.6

 Tnh cht vt l im chy:260oC vi nylon 6.6 mm t 170 oC v 214 oC vi nylon 6 Tnh cht bn t (g/tex) gin t (%) x 30 ti 55 45 ti 85 Si philamang Thng 45 ti 55 25 ti 38 bn cao 60 ti 77 12 ti 55

Poliamit 6.6 l vt liu tng i bn vi gin v tnh phc hi do rt tt Tn tht bn t khi t thay i trong 5 n 10% Tnh cht bn t (g/tex) gin t (%) x 40 ti 52 35 ti 50 Si philamang Thng 43 ti 52 20 ti 40 bn cao 70 ti 80 19

Tn tht bn t thay i trong 5 n 10% Tnh cht ha hc nh hng ca acid poliamit 6.6 c kh nng chu acid nhit thng n c th b ph hy nhit cao poliamit 6.6 b tn tht nghim trng hoc ha tan bi acid c ty theo loi cht nng thi gian v nhit tc ng tnh cht ca poliamit 6 kh ging vi poliamit 6.6 tuy nhin poliamit 6 cn c th ha tan tronh HCl nhit lnh trong khi poli amit 6.6 ch ha tan khi c un nng nh hng ca kim kh nng chu kim ca poliamit l tt nhit thng vi mi nng .Tuy nhin nhit cao kim c th gy tn hi t nhiu nghim trng cho vt liu ny nh hng ca cht oxi ha poliamit b tn thng bi cht oxi ha nhng c th c ty trng vi NaClO2 cht ny khng hi x nh hng ca dung mi

cc dung mi hu c ph bin khng gy tc hi ln poliamit 6.6 ti nhit thng.Tuy nhin ti nhit si chng gy ra co vt liu nu khng c nh hnh trc mt s dung mi v ha cht gy trng n cho vt liu phenol,metacresol,dimetylformamit, Z nCl2 nng 67% ti 50oC nh hng ca phi sng phi sng trong thi gian di gy ra mu vng v lm tn tht bn vt liu nhum poliamit s dng thuc nhum thuc nhum phn tn thuc nhum acid thuc nhum phc kim loi th bn git t mu th vo cc v b sung mt lng x phng sau un nng trc,x l nhit v thi gian quy nh.Ly mu ra gi m 2 ln bng nc lnh v sau trong vi nc lnh trong 10 pht v vt mu Th bn git kh,t Th bn clo Thit b th my git gung quay th 1h 27oC ,dung dch th NaClO Th bn m hi Mu 1 c x l trong dung dch m hi kim ( dung t 50:1) trong 30 pht nhit phng Mu 2 trong dung dch m hi acid Thnh phn dung dich th Dung dch m hi kim cha 0.5g histidin monohydro clorua monohydrat,5g NaCl v 2.5 g Na2HPO4 trong 1 lit chnh pH=8 vi dung dch NaOH 0.1 N

Dung dch m hi acid trong 1 lit dung dch cha o.5 g histidin.5g NaCl, 2.5 g Na2HPO4 chnh pH=5.5 bng dung dch NaOH 0.1N Th bn ma st:nh gi s dy mu ca vi ln vi th khi c st kh v t Bn mu th kch thc 50140mm Mu chun l vi bng gm 4 mu5050mm Xc nh thnh phn hp cht mang mu trong dung dch chit bng ph IR Xc nh cu trc b mt vi trc khi v sau khi nhum bng chp Hin vi in t quyt (SEM) Cc ha cht s dng trong qu trnh nhum Ha cht: Acid acetic, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, x phng , cht cm mu, NaClO, NaOH, NaCl, Na2HPO4, histidin monohydro clorua, Aluminium Potassium Sulfate [K2SO4.A12(S04).12H2O] Copper Sulfate [CuS04.2H2O] Ferrous Sulfate [FeS04] Stannous Chloride [SnCl2.2H2O] Tannic Acid hoc acid citric Dng c v thit b: My nhum mu phng th nghim,my sy mu phng th nghim, n soi mu (bung nh sng chun), my o quang, my o mu Minolta CR 300., phu chit ,becher 100ml,bercher 500ml,a thy tinh, erlen 250ml,bp in