Vt liu dt: polyamide V qu mng ct: v kh v v ti c nghin nh hoc xay nhuyn.

Ha cht s dng: cn, acid axetic, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, cht tr nhum, cht git sau nhum Thit b v dng c s dng: my nhum mu, my sy mu, bp in, cc loi dng c thy tinh cn thit, my o hp thu quang, my o mu Minolta CR 300 Japan 73180167. 3.2. Ni dung nghin cu 3.2.1. Chun b dch chit v qu mng ct kh v mng ct ti vi nc Dung mi dng chit l nc; v mng ct kh hoc ti sau khi x l s b, c nghin nh hoc xay nhuyn. Bt v mng ct c ha tan trong nc vi t l1:5. Sau gia nhit n 80oC trong thi gian 2 gi, c cn dung dch cn khong 50% v cui cng em lc thu c dch chit t v mng ct. Quy trnh chit dch t v qu mng ct c tin hnh nh sau:

3.2.2. Quy trnh nghin cu n cng ngh kho st cc loi vt liu nh sau: Polyamide:bt mng ct x% (Owf), acid acetic 1-3%, Na2CO3 1-3%, dung t

1/40, thi gian nhum 60 pht, nhit nhum 60-80oC, pH 3-10, nhit sy 50oC, thi gian sy 15 pht.

Dch chit t v mng ct c s dng nhum cc loi vt liu dt: polyamide. Tin hnh kho st cc yu t nh hng n kh nng gn mu ca dch chit t v mng ct nh pH v nhit . Sau khi nhum xong, cc mu sau nhum c em i kim tra v tnh ton cc thng s sau: L, a, b, C, E trn my o mu Minolta CR 300. Cui cng cc mu sau nhum c em i kim tra cc tiu chun v bn t nh m hi, clo v git. Cc ch tiu bn clo, m hi, bn git c kim tra theo cc tiu chun TCVN 5234: 2002 ISO 105 E04:1994[8]; TCVN 5235: 2002 ISO 105 E04:1994 [9]; TCVN 4537: 2002 ISO 105 C01:1989 [10].

Kt qu ph IR ca bt mng ct kh cho thy rng: tn s3396,73 nm-1 hp cht c cha nhm OH ca phenol; vng tn s2922,23 nm-1d on hp cht c thcha nhm OH c lin kt ni phn t hoc CO-CH3; tn s1613,16 1734,56 nm-1 d on l C=O v C=C lin hp C=O ; khong tn s 416,19 1518,92 nm-1d on l nhn thm th, dao ng bin dng ca anken -CH, lin kt COC, Nh vy ph IR ca bt mng ct kh cha nhiu thnh phn ca xanhthones, trong phn ln l cc hp cht mang mu nh: -mangostin;3isomangostin; Garcinon D; BR-Xanthone A [5].

T hp thu quang thu c t dch mng ct kh v dch mng ct ti ta nhn thy, bc sng cc i ca dch mng ct ti v dch mng ct kh trong vng khong 292340nm 3.3. nh hng ca pH ln cng mu ca vi polyamide sau nhum bng dch mng ct ti v dch mng ct kh

Kt qu kim tra cng mu sn phm t tm, cotton, polyamide v len c nhum vi dch chit t vmng ct ti c mu nu sm, c sc mu m hn so vi mu nhum vi dch chit tvmng ct kh, cn mu nhum vi dch mng ct kh th c mu vng nu. Mu vi polyamide nhum vi dch chit mng ct ti c cng cc i Cmax = 26.92 pH = 4; dch chit t v mng ct kh t Cmax= 14.73 pH = 6. Nh vy, cng mt t l dch chit t v mng ct s dng nhum vi t tm, polyamide, c nh mu khc nhau v cng mu cng lch nhau nhng khng ng k. So snh cng mu ca cc loi vt liu s dng nhum, nhn thy rng cng mu ca len km hn cotton, polyamide v t tm; mt khc, cng cc i ca cc loi vt liu u t c ti cc khong pH hon ton ph hp vi cc loi vt liu nhum.

Mt khc cc mu sau nhum c mang i kim tra bn mu vi git, cho v m hi u t bn mu cao, lch mu trc v sau khi kim tra bn E 1. 4. Kt lun v ngh 4.1. Kt lun Qua qu trnh nghin cu kh nng gn mu ca dch mng ct ti v kh trn bn loi vt liu t tm, polyamide, len v cotton trn c s kho st gi tr pH ca dung dch nhum c th kt lun: dch chit t v mng ct kh v ti u c kh nng gn mu trn hu ht cc loi vt liu, cng mu v nh mu khc nhau tng ng vi mi khong pH khc nhau cho bn mu kh tt. Kh nng gn mu ca dch chit t v mng ct l do trong thnh phn dch chit mng ct c cha cc hp cht xanthones mang mu nh: gartanin, BR-xanthone A, 3-isomangostin, mangostin, garcinon D [5]. Nh vy, mi pH v nhit khc nhau, mi xanthone s c tc dng gn mu khc nhau. Ngoi ra, cn c s c mt ca cc hp cht mang mu khc nh h anthocyanin, tannin. Mt khc, theo c s l thuyt th anthocyanin, xanthones v tannin u c th cho cc gam mu khc nhau ty theo gi tr pH. iu ny ph hp vi kt qu nghin cu; c th l khi tng gi tr pH t 7 n 11 mu sng dn, su mu gim dn chuyn t vng cam sang hng phn i vi dch chit t v mng ct ti, v chuyn t vng m sang vng nht i vi dch chit t v mng ct kh. Ngc li khi gim gi tr pH t 7 xung 3 th thang mu m dn, su mu tng dn chuyn t vng cam sang cam i vi dch chit t v mng ct ti v t vng m sang nu sm i vi dch chit t v mng ct kh. 4.2. ngh Vi hiu qu t c ca ti, nu c thm thi gian nghin cu v kinh ph u t ti ny s nh hng xa hn, mang tnh kh thi v pht trin bn vng cng ngh nhum theo hng sn xut xanh v sch hn nh sau:

Nghin cu quy trnh chit dch t v qu mng ct sao cho hiu qu nht, t cng mu cao nht bng cc loi dung mi khc nhau theo nhiu phng php khc nhau, c th c s h tr ca cc iu kin vi sng v siu m. Nghin cu quy trnh thu gom v mng ct v iu kin bo qun dch chit c t v qu mng ct c th ng dng trong sn xut cng nghip. Nghin cu su hn cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh gn mu trn tng loi vt liu c th: nhit nhum, thi gian nhum, cc ion kim loi c mt trong dung dch nhum, t l dch chit v mng ct so vi vt liu nhum, tn trch trong phng php nhum tn trch nh gi mc gn mu ca thnh phn mang mu trong dch chit v mng ct. Nghin cu cc phng php nhum khc nhau i vi cc loi vt liu khc nhau Nghin cu thnh phn mang mu c trong dch chit t v qu mng ct nh cc phng php phn tch ph. T tm ra c ch gn mu ca dch chit mng ct i vi tng loi vt liu.