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A Proposed Model For Utilizing Exhaust Heat To Run Automobile Air-Conditioner
A Proposed Model For Utilizing Exhaust Heat To Run Automobile Air-Conditioner
The 2nd Joint International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment (SEE 2006) 21-23 November 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
1. INTRODUCTION
Like other air conditioner systems, the automobile air conditioner must provide adequate comfort cooling to the passenger in the conditioned space under a wide variety of ambient conditions. In automobile air conditioning load factors are constantly and rapidly changing as the automobile moves over highways at different speeds and through all kinds of surroundings. As the car moves faster there is greater amount of infiltration into the car and the heat transfer between the outdoor air and the car surface is increased. The sun baking down on a black top road will raise its temperature to 500C 600C approximately and thus increases the amount of heat transmitted into car. When driving through a grassy terrain, much less radiant heat is experienced than when passing through sandy flats or rocky hills. Therefore, the car is subjected to varying amounts of heat load when its orientation changes during the journey. An automobile engine utilizes only about 35% of available energy and rests are lost to cooling and exhaust system. If one is adding conventional air conditioning system to automobile, it further utilizes about 5% of the total energy. Therefore automobile becomes costlier, uneconomical and less efficient. Additional of conventional air conditioner in car also decreases the life of engine and increases the fuel consumption. For very small cars compressor needs 3 to 4 bhp, a significant ratio of the power output. Keeping these problems in mind, a car air conditioning system is proposed using exhaust gases. The advantages of this system over conventional air-conditioning system are that it does not affect designed efficiency life and fuel consumption of engine. Horuz [1] has compared the performance of a vapor absorption refrigeration system based on natural gas and engine exhaust gases. Hosoz and Ertunc [2] have analyzed automobile air conditioning system using artificial neural network technique. Jabardo et al. [3] have developed the model of an automobile air conditioning system with variable capacity compressor. Jiangzhou et al. [4] have done experimental study on locomotive cabin. Mezrhab and Bouzidi [5] have computed the thermal comfort inside the car. Tamura et al. [6] have analyzed automotive cooling and heating air conditioning system.
E-011 (P)
The 2nd Joint International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment (SEE 2006) 21-23 November 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Rectifier
Condenser
Receiver
Generator
Expansion valve
Absorber
Evaporator
Useful exhaust heat KJ/sec 3.98 3.91 3.50 3.49 3.05 6.02 5.74 5.47 4.31 3.61
622 605 566 623 582 669 615 648 595 588
Amount of heat (KJ/hr) 300 1200 4300 1000 1200 8000 KJ/hr or 2.22 KJ/sec
E-011 (P)
The 2nd Joint International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment (SEE 2006) 21-23 November 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
5. CONCLUSION
In the proposed analysis it is shown that useful heat available in the exhaust gas is sufficient to generate ammonia vapor from ammonia solution for one ton air conditioning unit. Since this system does not use direct energy of engine, therefore, it does not affect fuel consumption, life and efficiency of the engine.
6. REFERENCES
[1] Horuz, I. (1999) Vapor absorption refrigeration in road transport vehicles. J. Energy Engineering, 125, (2), pp. 48-58. [2] Hosoz, M. and Ertanc, H.M. (2006) Artificial neural network analysis of an automobile air conditioning system. Energy conversion and Management, 47, (11-12), pp. 1574-1587. [3] Jabardo, J.M.S., Mamui, W.G. and Ianella, M.R. (2002) Modelling and experimental evaluation of an automotive air conditioning system with a variable capacity compressor. Int. J. of Refrigeration, 25, (8), pp. 1157-1172. [4] Jiangzhou, R.Z.W., Lu, Y.Z., Xu, Y.X. and Wu, J.Y. (2005) Experimental study on locomotive driven cabin adsorption air conditioning prototype machine. Energy conversion and Management, 46, (9-10), pp. 1655-1665. [5] Mezrhab, A. and Bouzidi, M. (2006) Computation of thermal comfort inside a passanger car compartment. Applied Thermal Engineering, 26, (14-15), pp. 1697-1704. [6] Tamura, T., Yakumaru, Y. and Nishiwaki, F. (2005) Experimental study on automotive cooling and heating air conditioning system using CO2 as a refrigerant. Int. J. of Refrigeration, 28, (8), pp. 1302-1307.