TRNG I HC GIAO THNG VN TI

B MN K THUT VIN THNG

BO CO

NGHIN CU NH GI NHNG NH HNG C BN
N QUY HOCH VNG PH - TN S MNG THNG TIN DI NG.




ThS. Nguyn Vn Khi Khoi.utc@gmail.com
NI DUNG CHNH CA LUN VN







TNG QUAN V THNG TIN DI NG

1
(qu trnh pht trin, cu trc,c tnh, cc dch v )
CC CNG NGH CDMA NG DNG CHO MNG 3G

2
(k thut tri ph, cu trc mng, cc yu t nh hng n
qu trnh truyn sng UMTS, ti nguyn v tuyn ..,)
NH GI NHNG NH HNG C BN N
QUY HOCH VNG PH TN S
3
(mi trng truyn sng 2Ghz, nhiu giao thoa,cc phng php
lm gim nhiu, cc nguyn tc lp k hoch vng ph )
1G
2G
3G
3G
+

E3G
IMT
4G
Trin khai
LTE
WIFI /
IEEE802.11
WIMAX /
IEEE802.16e
NMT
AMPS
TACS
GSM
CDMA-IS95
TDMA-IS136

WCDMA
CMDA20001x

HSPA
1xEVDO

LTE
UMB

Tc s liu

Kh nng di ng

Thp
Trung
bnh
Cao
Thi gian
1985 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
<10kbps
<200kbps 300kbps 10Mbps <100Mbps 100Mbps-1Gbps
TIN TRNH PHT TRIN CA THNG TIN DI NG







C TNH C BN CA MNG THNG TIN DI NG







+ S dng hiu qu bng tn c cp pht t c dung lng
cao do hn ch ca di tn v tuyn s dng cho thng tin di ng.

1

+ m bo cht lng truyn dn yu cu. 2

+ m bo an ton thng tin tt nht.
3

+ Gim ti a rt cuc gi khi thu bao di ng chuyn t
vng ph ny sang vng ph khc.
4

+ Cho php pht trin cc dch v mi nht l cc dch v phi thoi.

5

+ mang tnh ton cu phi cho php chuyn mng quc t
(International Roaming).

6

+ Cc thit b cm tay gn nh v tiu tn t nng lng.
7

CC DCH V V CC TC BIT YU CU







Tc d liu

1.2 K
2.4 K
9.6 K
16 K
32 K
64 K
384K
2 M
I
N
T
E
R
N
E
T
Hi tho hnh
Hi tho ting

Video

Video theo
yu cu

Tivi
di ng

ISDN

MMS

Email

Di ng
v tuyn

Fax

Thoi

K THUT TRI PH CHUI TRC TIP DSSS







S
/
P
B
iu ch
M-PSK
M
PN
~
I
pn
t

tx
pn
t

Q
RF
f
RF

d
t

PLMN
PSTN / I SDN

Mng IP
ngoi
2G/3G
SGSN
HLR VHE
BSC
Iu (PS)
Iu (CS)
2G/3G
MSC
RNC
ng trc IP

2G/3G
GGSN
A
Gb
UTRAN
2G/3G
GMSC
EIR
AuC
MS
Um
UE
Uu
MS
Um
Uu
UE
BTS
BTS
BS
BS
Abis
Abis
Iub
Iub
GERAN
CU TRC H THNG UMTS (R3)







CC YU T NH HNG N NG TRUYN SNG UMTS







* nh hng ca mi trng v tuyn di ng c phn ra trn c s ba loi sau
+ nh hng do c ch pha inh nhiu tia;
+ nh hng do b che chn (Shadowing);
+ nh hng lm suy hao tn hiu trn ng truyn (Path Loss).

* Tri tr trong mi trng thng tin di ng UMTS
+ lch chun ca phn b cc bin tn hiu nhiu tia c gi l tri tr o
t
+ o
t
0,5 s (vng trong nh) + o
t
0,2 s (vng nng thn)
+ o
t
0,5 s (vng ngoi ) + o
t
3,0 s (vng th)



* rng bng tn tng quan
+ rng bng tn tng quan i vi hai tn hiu thu pha-inh v bin Bc = 1/2pt.
+ rng bng tn tng quan i vi hai tn hiu thu c pha ngu nhin Bc = 1/4pt.
* Dch chuyn tn s Doppler
+ rng bng ca tn hiu c th tng hoc gim dn n suy gim tn hiu hay mt tn hiu thu


A
B
d
v

Khong thi gian tng quan
Dch chuyn Doppler c tnh bng
Tr (s) Afc (MHz) UMTS GSM
rng bng tn BW = 5 MHz BW = 0,2 MHz
th 0,5 0,32 WB NB/WB
Nng thn 0,1 1,6 WB NB
i ni 3 0,053 WB WB
mng nh < 0,1 > 1,6 NB/WB NB
Trong nh < 0,01 > 16 NB NB
So snh c tnh ca GSM v UMTS vi mi trng truyn khc nhau
MI TRNG TRUYN SNG UMTS

Khi xt n s khc nhau gia c tnh giao din v tuyn GSM, TDMA v UMTS th thuc tnh ch
yu l tri tr.
H thng bng hp (NB)
H thng bng rng (WB)
* i vi cng ngh mng truy nhp v tuyn bng rng UMTS c hai mi trng s dng l mi
trng trong nh (Indoor) v mi trng ngoi tri (Outdoor).
* Ti s dng tn s
C D
A B
M
L
Q
P
c d
a
b
z
t
h
at = r
o

ac = cb = ab
ab = 2r
o
sino =

cz = r
o
+ r
o
coso = 1,5r
o


3
o
r

- Khong cch gia cc nt (BTS lin k) : d = 3
o
r
- Khong cch gia cc ng thng song song :h = 1,5r
o

( )
/ 2 3 / 2
o o
d d r A = =
- Chuyn v ca cc nt, c sp xp trn cc ng song song lin k,
tng i vi nhau :
- Khong cch t BTS n ng bin ca : r
1
= Ad
NHIU GIAO THOA V CC PHNG PHP LM GIM CHNG







1. M hnh ng nht

A
O
M
1

M
2

M
6

M
5

M
4

M
3

NHIU GIAO THOA V CC PHNG PHP LM GIM CHNG







2.Nhiu giao thoa cc tn s trng lp

BTS - t ti im O
MS - t im A
M
1
M
6
trm gy nhiu
R
1
= d
KL
r
o
= (q-1) r
o

( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
3
4
5 3
6 2
1
1
1
o
o
o
R q q r
R q q r
R q r
R R
R R
= +
= + +
= +
=
=
Quan h thc t tn hiu - giao thoa i vi mi tn hiu nhiu J :
q
jc-i
= -10lgB
*
j
= 10lg(R
*
J
/r
o
)
n
+ Kj
( y * l gi tr thc t c s dng, Kj - hiu chnh cho iu kin
truyn tn hiu tuyn thc t)

CC NGUYN TC LP VNG PH CA H THNG







1. Xc nh vng ph chc chn

+ i vi mng ng nht vi cu trc ph bin gii hn vng thu chc chn - y l vng trn.
Nhim v a n xc nh bn knh vng trn nh th gi tr bn knh ph thuc vo iu
kin c to thnh thu chc chn dng tng qut iu kin thu chc chn.
P
np
(r, L, 50)> P
c
(P
c
mc cng sut ngng ca tn hiu ca vo my thu vi tnh ton d tr nng lng A
c-s
).
~
~
L
0,1W ( )
n
L 0
r 10 .r
o
=
Sau khi tnh ton, ta nhn c bn knh vng ph quanh BTS bin ca n cng sut tn
hiu cao hn gi tr ngng L phn trm ca cc im.


L, % F(-W
L
) W
L
r
L
/r
0
khi c=1db r
L
/r
o
khi c=2db
50 0 0 1 1
75 0,50 -0,68 0,855 0,67
90 0,75 -1,29 0,74 0,71
Cc i lng c tnh ton thc t

CC NGUYN TC LP VNG PH CA H THNG







2. Kch thc v lu lng in thoi

+ Trong h thng lin lc t ong thc t cc m hnh sau y c s dng:
- cc trung tm lm vic ca thnh ph t chc cc kch thc nh, tu thuc vo mc
gn vi bin kch thc c tng ln.
- cc trung tm lm vic ca thnh ph p dng cc an ten r qut, ngoi trung tm - v hng.
- M hnh ng tm ca phn lp vi trn trung tm v cc vnh ai ngoi vi hnh.

M hnh phn lp ng tm
Phng n chia vi bo ton bin
trong v bo ton bin

CC NGUYN TC LP VNG PH CA H THNG







3. Nhng c bit xy dng h thng cc vng lu lng khng ln

+ nhng vng nng thn mt thp , Anten c th t thp hn so vi thnh ph.
1. S dng thp, nh cao hin c lm ch dng anten, c bn knh ph ln nht vng ny.
2. Nu khng c nh cao ph hp, th t ct khng t cao (5-25m).
3. T chc cc BTS di ng do lu lng dc ng v trong lng s thay i trong ngy, th
nhng anten nh th c th di di, v d hai ln trong 1 ngy, duy tr hai ba kch bn lu lng.
4. t cc b pht chuyn tip v cc b phn x th ng m rng vng ph.

BTS
BTS
P
t trm gc v b pht chuyn tip dc ng

CC NGUYN TC LP K HOCH H THNG VI
A TRUY NHP PHN CHIA THEO M






1. Nguyn l c bn.

+ Khi nh gi nhiu giao thoa chng ta xut rng, tt c cc tn hiu lin h tc ng ca
vo my thu - y l tn hiu gy nhiu, v vy tc ng ca chng n tn hiu c ch c th c
nh gi cng nh tc ng ca nhiu nhit. Cc knh lu ng c phn loi l knh ng ln
v knh ng xung.
+ T s tn hiu, giao thoa trn ca vo my thu MS : Q
C-U
= P
C
/P
m

P
C
- cng sut tn hiu c ch ca vo my thu MS,
P
m
- cng sut tng cng nhiu giao thoa.

+ T s tn hiu - giao thoa chng ta nh gi t 2 tnh th :
1. Gi tr tnh ton q
C-U
, n tng ng "tnh trng nhiu, mi hay l vng xc nh, gi
tr thc t tnh ton nh hm tham s k thut ca h thng: s knh, tham s , cng sut my
pht v
2. Gi tr cho php q
C-U
, n trong cc h thng vi a truy nhp theo m c xc nh bng
cc tham s k thut tiu chun. Cc tham s ny ph thuc c tnh tn hiu gi nhiu v cc
phng php gia cng tn hiu ting ni, c xc nh bi cn b k thut - ca hng v khng
th thay i bi ngi thit k.
Mt trong cc iu kin, n cn c thc hin khi thit k h thng :

~
~
q
C-U
> q
C-U


CC NGUYN TC LP K HOCH H THNG VI
A TRUY NHP PHN CHIA THEO M






2. Gi tr cho php ca cc tham s h v q

+ trong h thng CDMA tn hiu truyn bng khung: khung - khong thi gian c bn ca h
thng, c xc nh bi tiu chun, i vi cc knh lu lng di khung nhn c T
KT
=
20ms i vi knh ng b - T
TK
= 26,666ms. Khi thu thc hin kim tra li khung. Nu h s
li khung cao hn gi tr cho php, th khung ny b b i.
+ H s li trong khung ph thuc vo phng php m ho, sp xp, iu ch. Gi tr cho php
c xc nh tng ng vi cht lng ting ni c chn.
+ Cht lng ting ni trong chun nh gi theo gi tr t s :
(E
0
- Nng lng k t tin tc ca tn hiu cho 1 bt.
I
0
- mt ph cng sut nhiu giao thoa. N
0
- mt ph cng sut nhiu nhit TN; I
0
>>N
0
)




3. Tnh ton h thng vi m hnh ng nht.
+ Thit k h thng: khi thit k h thng gn h thng tiu chun c chn vo vng thc t
c thc hin lm iu cn thit:
- Xc nh s knh ting ni cho php cc .
- Bo m lu lng khu vc.
- Xc nh s v bin ca chng.
- Tnh ton cng sut my pht BTS.
4. Tnh ton h thng khi m hnh mng khng ng nht.




NH GI NH HNG SUY HAO TRUYN SNG UMTS
EIRP cc i/sng mang EIRP trung bnh ln nht/MHz
62 dBm 58 dBm/MHz
Mi trng
th c mt
cao
th Ngoi Nng thn
Khong cch ngoi tri ln nht 1,3 km 2,8 km 4,8 km 7,6 km
Khong cch trong nh ln nht 0,4 km 0,9 km 1,6 km 2,5 km
Khong cch mng ln nht vi
cht lng ph sng trong nh
0,6 km 1,4 km 2,3 km
3,7 km (khong 280 mng trn
10.000 km
2
vng ph)
Tham s
Khong cch ln nht gia cc
mng trong nh v ngoi tri
Khong cch gia
cc mng
S lng mng/10.000 km
2

Thoi 4,6 km 6,9 km 80
144 kbps tr ngn 2,5 km 3,8 km 270
144 kbps tr di 3,1 km 4,7 km 180
1. Gii hn mc cng sut pht
2. Khong cch cc mng UMTS vi cc mi trng khc nhau
3. Khong cch cc mng UMTS vi cc mi trng khc nhau
NH GI SUY HOA THEO TN S
PH THUC VO KHONG CCH TRONG MI TRNG TH
Hnh 1 : f =1,5...2,0 GHz; d =1...5 km; hm = 2 m; hb = 50 m,
th c trung bnh, hr = 20 m, b =40 m, w = 20 m, F = 90
0
.
Hnh 2 : f =1,8 GHz; d =1...5 km; hm=2 m; hb= 50 m, hr =
20 m; b = 40 m; w =20 m; F = 90
0
.
Hnh 3 : f =1,8 GHz, d =1...5 km, hm = 2 m, hb = 50 m, hr =
20 m, b = 40 m, w = 20 m, F = 90
0
.


1
2
3