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Tun 1
LUYN GII TON
A/ Mc tiu:
- Luyn tp cng c s t nhin (s v ch s)
- Luyn gii ton kh.
B/ dng day hc
- V luyn ton 4 nng cao; SGK ton 4, tp ch TTT;
C/ Ni dung:Bi 1: in ch s thch hp vo du *
*4 7 8
*1 3 * 7
+ 4 *7 5

*9 3
9 5 *3
44
Li gii (kt qu) phi km theo
0 6
5
5* *
* 19 3
li gii thch

1
3
*
17*
5
* 0 6
Bi 2.
Tm mt s c ba ch s bit rng ch s hng trm gp 3 ch s hng chc, ch
s hng chc, ch s hng chc gp ch s hng n v.
Gii:
- Ch s hng n v khng th 0 cng khng th l 2,3.9 v nu l 0 th ss
c ton l cc ch s 0(khng ng vi u bi); Nu l ch s 2,3th
ch s hng trm ln hn 9(khng phi l ch s)
- Vy ch s hng n v ch c th l ch s 1 suy ra ch s hng chc l: 3
1= 3 v ch s hng trm l 3 3 = 9 . S phi tm l: 931
(C th tm tt bi bng s on thng t l)
Bi 3.
Tnh nhanh.
Gi :
252 : 4 + 196 : 4
a cc biu thc v dng nhn mt s vi mt
16 5 + 21 5
tng; chia mt tng, mt hiu cho mt s.
48 : 3 27 : 3
124 6 18 6
Bi 4.
Hin nay anh 11 tui, em 1 tui. hi my nm na th tui anh gp 3 ln tui em?
Gii:
- y l dng ton da vo tnh cht cng thm cng bt mt gi tr
- Anh tng bao tui th em cng tng by nhiu tui, hiu gia tui anh v
tui em khng thay i
- Hin nay anh hn em 11 1 = 10 tui. khi tui anh gp 3 ln tui em anh
vn hn em 10 tui theo bi ta c s
Tui anh:

Tui em:
10 tui
Theo s tui em l: 10 : 2 = 5 (tui)
T 1 tui n 5 tui c s nm l: 5 1 = (4 nm)
Vy sau 4 nm na th tui anh gp 3 ln tui em
Bi 5: Hy thay cc ch T,O,A,N bng cc ch s thch hp php tnh sau
l ng
T
+ TO
TOA
TOAN
7654
T php cng trn ta thy T ln lt xut hin hng n v, hng chc, hng
trm,hng nghn; O ln lt xut hin hng n v, chc, n trm; A ln lt
xut hin hng chc, n v; N ch xut hin hng n v. V vy ta c:
TTTT
+ OOO
AA
N
7654
Ta hy tng cha n 7700 nn T < 7, T cng khng th nh hn 6 v nu
nh hn 6 th hng nghn trong kt qu s nh hn 7(sai vi u bi) Vy T = 6
Khi T = 6, ta c: 7654 6666 = 988
V:
OOO
+
AA
N
988
Gi s AA + N cho kt qa ln nht (99 + 8 = 100) (N khng th l ch s
ln nht (9); N khng th ging A(theo u bi) ; Suy ra OOO s nh hn hoc
bng 999 v ln hn 881(v 988- 107 = 881) Vy O l 8 Suy ra AA + N = 988
888 = 100; (AA phi ln hn 90. nu N = 9 th AA ln nht ch c th l 77 ,
sai vi kt qa trn , Vy A bng 9 suy ra N = 100 99 = 1 ; Php tnh l:
6
68
+ 689
6891
7654
III/ Cng c dn d:
- Nhn xt bui hc
- Giao vic v nh

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tun 2
LUYN GII TON
A/ Mc tiu:
- Luyn gii ton v STN, th t thc hin php tnh trng biu thc
- Luyn gii ton c li vn
B/ Ni dung:
I/ Cha bi v nh(hoc bi tit trc cha hon thnh)
II/ Bi tp ti lp:
Bi 1:
Tm s c hai ch s bit rng tng hai ch s bng 9 v ch s ny gp 2 ln ch
s kia.
Gii:
- y l bi ton dng tm hai s bit tng v t s ca hai s
- Coi ch s ny l mt phn th ch s kia l hai phn nh th
- S :
Ch s ny:
9
Ch s kia:
Theo s tng s phn bng nhau l 1 + 2 = 3; m tng 3 phn bng nhau
li bng 9 m ch s kia bng mt phn vy ch s kia l:
9 : (2 + 1) 1 = 3
Hay: Ch s ny: 9 : (2 + 1) 2 = 6
S cn tm l: 36 v 63
Bi ton cng c th gii bng phng php th chn
Bi 2:
Tnh gi tr ca biu thc vi a = 1; b = 0
a) A = (1993 : a + 1993 a) + 1994 b
b) B = b : (119 a + 5307) + (563 : a b)
c) C = (100 + b) : (100 b) a + 100 a 100 : b + b
- HS nu th t thc hin php tnh trong biu thc
- Hs t lm bi lu tnh cht nhn mt s vi 0
Bi 3: Tm X.
a) (X + 436 ) : 2 = 406
b) X 3 + 328 = 745
c) X 152 3 = 544
d) 713 X 5 = 173
Bi 4.
C hai thng du, nu thm 200 lt du vo thng th nht th s du trong hai
thng bng nhau. Nu thm 300 lt du vo thng th hai th s du thng th hai
gp i s du thng th nht. Tnh s lt du ban u mi thng.

Gii:
Tm tt bi ton bng s on thng:
Thng th nht:

200 lt
300 lt

Thng th hai
Nhn vo s ta thy ngay s du lc u thng 1 l: 200 + 300 = 500 (lt)
V s du ban u thng th hai l: 500 + 200 = 700 ( lt)
Bi 5:
Tm mt s c 3 ch s, bit rng s chia ht cho 11 v chia cho 11 th
c thng bng ng tng cc ch s ca s phi tm.
Gii:
- Gi s phi tm l: abc (a > 0; abc < 10) theo bi ra ta c:
abc = (a + b + c) 11
abc = a 11 + b 11 + c 11 ( nhn mt s vi mt tng)
abc = a 11 + bb + cc
a 100 + bc = a 11 + bc + cb
a 100 = a 11 + cb
a 89 = cb
suy ra a = 1 ; cb = 89
Vy s phi tm l: 198
III/ Cng c dn d:
- Nhn xt bui hc
- Giao vic v nh
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tun 4
LUYN GII TON
A/ Mc tiu:
- Luyn tp cng c cc bi ton v s t nhin (s v ch s), Cu to s
- Luyn gii ton kh.
B/ dng day hc: V luyn ton 4 nng cao;, tp ch TTT; chuyn bi
dng HSG lp 4
C/ Ni dung:
I / Cha bi v nh
II/ Bi luyn tp:
Bi 1.Tm hai s c tng 462, bit rng mt trong hai s l s tn chc v nu
xa i ch s 0 s ny th c s kia.
Gii:

- S trn chc phi l s c 3 ch s v nu l s c 2 ch s cho d l s ln

nht (99) cng vi s c mt ch s cho d l ch s ln nht(9) th kt qu
khng th bng 462(sai vi u bi)
- Vy s trn chc c dng: ab0 ; V s kia l ab
T y c hai cch gii:
ab0
C1: Da vo php cng
+ ab
462
C2: Tm tt v gii qua s on thng
- Xa i ch s 0 hng n v ca mt s th s gim i 10 ln
- Xa s 0 s trn chc th c s kia nh vy s trn chc gp 10 ln s
kia
Ta c s :
S kia
462
S trn
chc
Tng s phn hai s l: 10 + 1 =11(phn)
S kia l: 462 : 11 = 42
S trn chc l: 42 10 = 420
Vy s phi tm l 42 v 420
Th li: 42 + 420 = 462
Bi 2.
Dy s t nhin lin tip t 1 ; 2 ; 3.. 2007 ; 2008 c bao nhiu s l c
bao nhiu s chn ? Tng cc s l v tng cc s chn hn nhau bao nhiu n
v ?
Gii :
- Trong dy s t nhin lin tip bt u l s l kt thc l s l th tng
cc s l > tng cc s chn : 1 s ; nu bt u l s chn kt thc l s chn :
s cc s chn > s cc s l 1 s ; Bt u l s l kt thc l s chn th : s cc
s chn = s cc s l
- T 1....2008 c : 2008 : 2 = 1004 v 1004 + 1 = 1005 s l
Bi 3.
Tm 4 s t nhin c tng bng 2003 bit rng nu xa b ch s hng n
v ca s th nht ta c s th hai, nu xa b ch s hng n v s th hai ta
c s th ba.
Gii.
Nhn xt : - S th nht khng th nhiu hn 4 ch s(v tng ca 4 s l 2003)
- Nu s th nht c t hn 4 ch s s khng tn ti s th t. Vy s
th nht phi l s c 4 ch s
Gi s phi tm l : abcd (a> 0 ; a, b, c, d <10) theo u bi th ch s th hai,
ba, t ln lt s l : abc ; ab ; a.
Theo bi ta c php tnh : abcd + abc + ab + a = 2003

Theo phn tch cu to s ta c : aaaa + bbb + cc + d = 2003 (*)

T php tnh trn(*) ta c : a < 2 nn a = 1
Thay a = 1 vo(*) ta c :
1111 + bbb + cc + d = 2003
bbb + cc + d = 2003 1111

= 892.
Ta thy Tng cha n 900; b<9(nu b>9 th tng s >892 cho d c v b = 0)
Mt khc b cng khng nh hn hoc bng 7 v nu l 7 cho d c,d l ch s
ln nht(9) th tng vn nh hn 892 vy bng 8
Ta c: 888+cc+d = 892
cc + d = 892 888
cc + d =
4
suy ra c = 0 v d = 4
Th li:
1804
+ 180
18
1
2003
Bi 4.
a) Khi vit thm ch s 3 vo bn tri ca mt s t nhin c 4 ch s th c
s mi hn s c bao nhiu n v?
b) Cng hi nh vy nhng thm vo bn phi s ?
c) Khi vit thm ch s 5 vo bn tri STN c 5 ch s c s mi hn s
bao nhiu n v?
d) Cng hi nh vy khi thm vo bn phi s ?
Gii
a) Khi vit thm ch s 3 vo bn tri ca mt s t nhin c 4 ch s s c
dng: 3abcd . Ch s 3 ng hng chc nghn vy s mi hn s c 30
000n v.
b) Khi vit thm ch s 3 vo bn phi ca mt s t nhin c 4 ch s th
c s c dng: abcd 3 nh vy s mi hn 10 ln s c cng vi 3 n v.
c) Khi vit thm ch s 5 vo bn tri STN c 5 ch s c s mi c dng:
5abcde ; ch s 5 ng hng trm nghn vy s mi hn s c 500000
dn v.
d) Khi vit thm ch s 5 vo bn phi STN c 5 ch s c s mi c dng:
abcde5 , nh vy s mi hn mt hng cng 5 n v, hay s mi hn 10 ln
s c cng vi 5 n v.
III/ Cng c dn d:
- Nhn xt bui hc
- Giao vic v nh
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tun 5

LUYN GII TON

A/ Mc tiu:
- Luyn tp cng c cc bi ton v s t nhin (s v ch s), Cu to s
- Luyn gii ton kh.
B/ dng day hc: V luyn gii ton 4 nng cao; tp ch TTT; Chuyn
Bi dng HSG mn Ton lp 4
C/ Ni dung:
I / Cha bi v nh:
II/ Luyn tp:
Bi 1.
Tm cc s c 6 ch s v c tng cc ch s trong mi s u bng 53. Sp
xp cc s theo th t t b n ln.
Gii:
- V tng cc ch s bng 53 m 6 x 9 = 54, suy ra s phi l s c mt
ch s l 8 cc ch s cn li l 9 ta c cc s:
89999; 989999; 999899; 999989;999998
Bi 2.
Tm s chn c 2 ch s, bit rng s bng tng ca 5 ln ch s hng
n v v 8 ln ch s hng chc.
Gii:
Gi s cn tm l ab theo bi ta c :
ab = a 8 +b 5

10 + b = a 8 + b 5
8 + a 2 + b = a8 + b 5
2 + b = b 5 (cng bt i a 8)
2 = b 5 - b (tm s hng ca tng)
2=b 4
a=b 2
V ab l s chn nn b ch c th l: 0; 2; 4; 6; 8
Mt khc a = b 2 nn b khc 0 v b <5 Vy b ch c th bng 2 hoc 4
Nu b = 2 Th a = 2 2 = 4 ta c s 42.
Nu b = 4 Th a = 4 2 = 8 ta c s 84.
Vy ta tm c hai s phi tm l : 42 v 84
a
a
a
a
a

Bi 3.
a) Khi vit cc s t nhin t 1 n 100 phi vit tt c bao nhiu ch s ?
b) Khi vit cc s t nhin t 1 n 199 phi vit tt c bao nhiu ch s ?
Gii :
a)
- T 1 n 9 c 9 s c mt ch s v c 9 ch s
- T 10 n 99 c 90 s c hai ch s v c 180 ch s
- T 100 n 100 c 1 s c ba ch s v c 3 ch s
Vy t 1 n 100 c : 9 + 180 + 3 = 192 ch s.

b) ( Tnh tng t)
Bi 4.
Cho 3 ch s 1 ; 2 ; 3 . Tm tng ca tt c cc s khc nhau, mi s c
vit ch c 3 ch s cho
Gii :
Cch1 :Vit cc s c 3 ch s(c 6 s) th mi ch s 1 ; 2 ; 3 . u xut hin
hng n v, hng chc, hng trm 2 ln
Vy ta c :
+ Tng hng n v : ( 1+ 2+ 3) 2 = 12 (n v)
+ Tng hng chc : (10 + 20 + 30) 2 = 120 (n v)
+ Tng hng trm : (100 + 200 + 300 ) 2 =1200 (n v)
Vy tng ca 6 s l : 12 + 120 + 1200 = 1332
Cch 2 :
(t tnh dc suy ra)
Bi 5 :
Tm s c 3 ch s, bit rng nu cc ch s theo th t ngc li ta c s
mi hn s phi tm 792 n v v tnh ca ba ch s bng 10.
Gii :
Gi s cn tm l abc vit cc ch s theo th t ngc li ta c : cba
(a, c khc 0
cba
Theo bi ta c :
- abc
792
T php tr trn ta thy a < c v (10 + a) c = 2
c = (10 + a) 2
c=8+a
Vy c > a l 8 n v ; Mt khc a khc 0 nn a = 1 v c = 9
Ta li c : a + b + c = 10 hay : 1 + b + 9 = 10
b + 10 = 10
b = 10 10 = 0
Vy s cn tm l : 109
III/ Cng c dn d:
- Nhn xt bui hc
- Giao vic v nh
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tun 6
LUYN GII TON
A/ Mc tiu:

- Luyn tp cng c cc bi ton v s t nhin (s v ch s), Cu to s

- Luyn gii ton kh.
B/ dng day hc: V luyn gii ton 4 nng cao; tp ch TTT; Chuyn
Bi dng HSG mn Ton lp 4
C/ Ni dung:
I / Cha bi v nh:
II/ Luyn tp:
Bi 1:
Tm s c hai ch s, bit rng s gp 6 ln ch s hng n v ca n.
Gii:
Gi s phi tm l ab ( a khc 0)
Theo bi ta c : ab = b 6
a0 + b = b 6
a 10 + b = b 6
a 10 = b 6 b
a 10 = b 5
a2=b
Nu a = 1 th b = 1 2 = 2 ta c s 12
Nu a = 2 th b = 2 2 = 4
Nu a = 3 th b = 3 2 = 6 ta c s 36
Nu a = 4 th b = 4 2 = 8 Ta c s 48
Nu a = 5 th b = 5 2 = 10 (khng c-10 khng phi ch s)
Vy ta tm c cc s : 12 ; 24 ; 36 ; 48
Bi 2 :
Tm s c ba ch s bit rng nu b ch s hng trm th s gim i 3 ln
Gii :
Gi s cn tm l abc (a,b khc 0) nu b ch s hng trm ta c bc
Theo bi ta c :
abc = bc 3
a 00 +bc = bc 3
a 00 =bc 3 bc
a 00 =bc 2

V bc < 100 nn a 00 < 200 Vy a 00 = 100 hay a = 1

Ta c: bc 2 = 100
bc = 100 : 2 (ly mt na ca 100)
bc = 50
Vy s cn tm l : 150
Bi 3
Khi thc hin php tnh cng mt hc sinh v s nn vit sai : hng n
v vit 2 thnh 9 ; hng chc vit 4 thnh 7 v th tng tm c l 750. Hy
tm tng ng ban u.
Gii

hng n v vit 2 thnh 9 nh vy tng ln : 9 - 2=7 n v

hng chc vit 4 thnh 7 nh vy tng ln : 7- 4=3 chc
Nh vy tng tng ln : 37 n v
Tng ban u l : 750-37=713
Bi 4
mt ca hng bn vi c 5866 mt vi hoa v vi xanh. Sau khi bn
860m vi hoa v 320m vi xanh th s vi hoa cn li gp i s vi xanh cn li.
Hi lc u ca hng c bao nhiu mt vi mi loi ?
Gii
Theo bi ta c s :
860m
S vi hoa sau khi bn 860m :
5866m
S vi xanh sau khi bn 320m :
320m
Theo s trn th 3 ln s vi xanh sau khi bn 860m vi hoa v 320 m vi
xanh l :
5866 (860+320)=4686(m)
S vi xanh sau khi bn 320m
4686 : 3 =1562(m)
S vi xanh lc u l : 1562 + 320 =1882(m)
S vi
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tun 7
LUYN GII TON
A/ Mc tiu:
- Luyn gii cc bi ton v tm s trung bnh cng.
B/ dng day hc:
- V luyn gii ton 4 nng cao; tp ch TTT; Chuyn Bi dng HSG mn
Ton lp 4
C/ Ni dung:
I / Cha bi v nh:
II/ Luyn tp:
Bi 1:
Trung bnh cng ca hai s l 50 , tm hai s bit s ny gp ba ln s kia.
Gii:
Tng 2 s l: 50 2 = 100
Biu th s b l 1 phn thg s kia l 3 phn nh th
Ta c s :
S b:
100
S ln:
S b l: 100 : (1 + 3) = 25

S ln l: 100 - 25 = 75
Bi 2:
Trung bnh cng ca ba s l 91, tm ba s , bit s th nht gp i s
th hai v s th hai gp i s th ba.
Gii:
Tng 3 s l: 91 3 = 273
Biu th s th ba l 1 phn ta c s :
S th ba
S th hai

273

S th nht:
Theo s s th ba l: 273 : (1 + 2 +4) = 39
S th hai l: 39 2 = 78
S th ba l: 78 2 = 156
Bi 3:
a)Tm ba s l khc nhau, bit trung bnh cng ca ba s y l 5.
b)Tm bn s chn lin tip, bit trung bnh cng ca bn s y l 9.
Gii:
a)Tng 3 s l l: 5 3 = 15
Ba s l khc nhau c tng l 15 ch c th l:
* 1, 3, 11.
* 1, 5, 9.
* 3, 5, 7.
b)Tng ca bn s chn l: 9 4 = 36
Biu din s b nht l mt phn ta c s sau :
2
2

36

2
S chn b nht l: 36 (2 + 4 + 6): 4 = 8
S chn th hai l: 6 + 2 =8
S chn th ba l: 8 + 2 = 10
S chn th t l: 10 + 2 = 12
Bi 4.(158)
Tm s c 3 ch s, bit trung bnh cng ca 3 ch s bng 3 v ch s
hang n v gp i tng cc ch s hang trm v hng chc
Gii.
Tng ba ch s l: 3 x 3 = 9

V ch s hang n v gp i tng ch s hang trm v ch s ahngf chc

Bi 5.(159)
Tm s c 3 ch s bit TBC ca chng bng 4 v ch s hng trm gp i
ch s hng chc, ch s hng chc km ch s hng n v l 4.
Bi 6.162
Lp 4A v lp 4B trng c mt s cy. Bit trung bng cng s cy hai
lp bng 235 v nu lp 4A trng them 80 cy, lp 4B trng thm 40 cy th s
cy hai lp bng nhau. Tm s cy mi lp trng.
Bi 7.163
Trung bnh cng ca 3 lp: 4A, 4B, 4C l 220 cy. Nu 4A trng bt i 30
cy, 4B trng thm 80 cy, 4C trng thm 40 cy th s cy ca 3 lp bng nhau.
Tnh s cy mi lp trng.
Bi 8.170
An c 20 nhn v, Lc c 20 nhn v, Hoa c s nhn v km trung bnh
cng ca ba bn l 6 nhn v . Hi Hoa c bao nhiu nhn v?
Bi 9.174
Tui trung bnh 11 cu th ca mt i bong trn sn l 22 tui, chng
may mt cu th b th ri khi sn, tui trung ca 10 cu th cn li ca i
bng trong sn l 21. Hi cu th b th ri sn bao nhiu tui?