Advanced Loads W bi Webinar

Patrick Cunningham J January 2013

CAE Associates Inc. and ANSYS Inc. Proprietary 2013 CAE Associates Inc. and ANSYS Inc. All rights reserved.

E-Learning Webinar Series

This presentation is part of a series of E-Learning webinars offered by CAE Associates. Other E-Learning webinar topics coming up are: Solving Transient Dynamic Problems with ANSYS LS-Dyna February 12th and 14th Working with APDL Command Objects in Workbench March 5th and 7th Visit www.caeai.com for details.

If you are a New Jersey or New York resident you can earn continuing education credit for attending the full webinar, participating in the polls and completing a survey at the conclusion of the presentation presentation.
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Topics
1 1. 2.

Using Tabular and Functional loads in ANSYS/Mechanical Mapping imported data onto the ANSYS Mechanical model using g the External Data Utility. y

Tabular and Functional Loads in ANSYS/Mechanical

CAE Associates Inc. and ANSYS Inc. Proprietary 2013 CAE Associates Inc. and ANSYS Inc. All rights reserved.

Load Definition in ANSYS/Mechanical

Most loads in the ANSYS/Mechanical environment can be defined in one of the following ways:

Constant: The magnitude of the load does not vary by position and can vary only linearly with time throughout the duration of the load step. Tabular: Can be defined by a table of the load magnitude and one primary variable (x, y, z, time). Functional: A math expression p is used to define the load magnitude g as a function of one primary variable (x, y, z, time).

Variable Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

A cantilever beam is loaded with the following:

A pressure distribution in the top surface that varies along the length. A periodic load at the free end.

A transient analysis is needed to combine the effects of the constant and time varying loads.

Constant pressure is distributed over the beam length.

Sinusoidal force applied at the free end.

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Tabular Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

Tabular loads defined in Mechanical can be a function of one primary variable only (x, y, z or time). Tabular loads can be defined in local Cartesian and cylindrical coordinate systems. systems

Functional Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

Functional loads are also limited to one primary variable only (x (x, y y, z or time). Specify the Number of Segments to control the resolution of functional load data data.

Functional Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

Functional loads can be also defined with respect to local Cartesian or cylindrical coordinate systems.

Functional Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

Functional loads defined with respect to time can be activated and deactivated on a per load step basis.

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Functional Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

If you are using a periodic function take care to set the angle units accordingly. Example: Define a force load with the magnitude F = Fmax*sin(t).
1 1. 2. 3.

Set the angle unit to Radians prior to defining the load load. Add a force load with a magnitude defined as a function. Define in radians/s in the function.

Note: Changing the units after the load is defined will not change the setting in the function function.

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Tabular and Functional Loading Types

Not all load types can be defined with tables and functions as detailed in the table below:
Tabular Load Force RemoteForce NodalForce Moment Pressure NodalPressure Displacement RemoteDisplacement NodalDisplacement BearingLoad ThermalLoad JointLoad Acceleration AngularVelocity (time)
+ + + + + + + + + X + + + +

Functional (xoryorz)
X X + X + + + + + X + X X X

(time)
+ + + + + + + + + X + + + +

(xoryorz)
X X + X + + + + + X + X X X

Note: Only Pressure and Nodal Pressure tabular and functional loads are available in a Harmonic Response Analysis

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Variable Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

The example consists of a steel cantilever beam 0 0.5 5 in height and 25 25 in length. A pressure load varying along the length of the beam is applied to the top surface as shown:

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Variable Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

The static displacement due to the distributed pressure is -.75986 - 75986 in the global Y direction.

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Variable Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

A modal analysis shows the natural frequency of the first bending mode at 25.685 Hz.

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Variable Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

The same distributed pressure load is then applied in a transient analysis analysis. A beta damping coefficient is input as follows: = 2cr / 2f where cr = 1 and f=25.685 Hz The resulting displacement is consistent with the static analysis result.

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Variable Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

Add a periodic load on the end of the beam at the natural frequency of the 3rd bending mode:

Add enough function segments to describe the periodic load in the time domain.

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Variable Loading in ANSYS/Mechanical

Solve and compare to the previous transient solution solution.

Static pressure

Static pressure + periodic load

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The External Data Utility

We have seen how Tabular and Functional loads can be useful in ANSYS Mechanical but what if the load distribution varies in more than one direction? For a three dimensional spatially defined load the External Data Utility can be used. The External Data Utility is found in the Component Systems menu.

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Using the External Data Utility with ANSYS/Mechanical

CAE Associates Inc. and ANSYS Inc. Proprietary 2013 CAE Associates Inc. and ANSYS Inc. All rights reserved.

The External Data Utility

When should I use the External Data Utility?

1. 2. 3 3. 4.

When I have CFD results that I need to distribute on my Mechanical model. When I have temperature results from a different finite element mesh. When I have test data that I want to load onto my model model. When I have a non uniform thickness shell and I have a table of coordinates versus thickness that I want to assign to my elements.

Basically, if you have coordinates and data Basically data, the External Data Utility can map it onto your model for the following quantities:

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The External Data Utility

The External Th E t l Data D t Utility Utilit is i found f d in i the th Component C t Systems S t section ti of f th the Project Page.

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The External Data Utility

The External Data Utility has an easy to use interface interface. Setting it up requires the four basic steps shown here.
3. Label the data columns 3 accordingly.

1. Identify the source data file.

2. Set the format type. 4. Check the data preview.

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The External Data Utility

Once the External Data Utility is set up a simple drag and drop connects the data to the analysis system.

Drag and drop.

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The External Data Utility

After the drag and drop a refresh of the Setup row of the analysis system is required.

RMB - Refresh e es

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The External Data Utility

After refreshing the Setup row you will find an Imported Imported Load Load folder in the Mechanical environment. RMB click on the folder to insert the desired load.

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The External Data Utility

1 1. 2.

3.

Scope the imported load by either Named Selection or geometry picking picking. If you have multiple data files in the External Data Utility identify the file and quantity (column) to be imported. You can display the source points to confirm that the data and the model are geometrically consistent.

1.

3. 2.
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The External Data Utility

RMB click on the quantity to import the load load.

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The External Data Utility

Once the load is imported and mapped onto the mesh turn off the source point display. RMB click on the imported load and insert a Validation to check the quality of the data mapping. As an example, set the type to Source Value and Display on Parent to On. RMB click on the validation and choose Analyze.

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