C bn v XML cho ngi mi s dng

Gii thiu chung v ngn ng dnh du

Muc d: Nhp mn
Kay Whatley, Tc gia cng ngh, Freelance
17 07 2009
Nu ban l nguoi moi tm hiu v XML, bi vit ny gioi thiu cc cu trc co ban cua cc
ti liu XML cung nhu cc quy tc m ban phai tun theo d tao duoc mt ti liu XML dinh
dang tt, bao gm cch dt tn theo quy uoc, lng ghp the dng cch, huong dn thuc tnh,
cc khai bo v cc thuc th. Ban cung s hiu tnh hop l cua ca hai cch dng Dinh nghia
Kiu Ti liu (Document Type Definition - DTD) v luoc d.
XML l tu vit tt cua cum tu Extensible Markup Language (Ngn ng dnh dau mo rong), voi bit dnh
dau l cha kha d nhn dang du liu. Ban c th tao ni dung v dnh du n voi cc the d phn chia
ranh gioi, dnh du o mi tu, o mi cum tu, hay o cc thng tin duoc su dung nhiu ln hoc cc thng tin
mun sp xp. Cc tp du liu d, hay mot ti liu bat kv, ban tao n voi cc phn tu (cc the) v ni dung,
v cc the ny s gip cc ti liu duoc hiu mt cch d dng khi chng duoc in ra tu my tnh. Cng
nhiu cc the m ta th cng nhiu phn cua ti liu c th duoc nhn dang. Tu nhung bui du su dung
ngn ngu dnh du cho dn ngy nay, mt trong nhung loi th cua vic dnh du ni dung bng the l nu
h thng my tnh bi hong th d liu in ra vn c th duoc hiu thng qua cc the cua chnh n.
Ngn ngu dnh du duoc pht trin tu rt som, cc cng ty tu nhn v chnh phu d thit lp cc chun
cho ngn ngu dnh du nhu: Ngn ngu dnh du chun tng qut (Standard Generalized Markup
Language - SGML), Ngn ngu dnh du siu vn ban (Hypertext Markup Language - HTML), v cui
cng l XML. SGML c ve hoi phuc tap trong khi d HTML khng du suc manh d nhn dang tt ca cc
thng tin. XML duoc tao ra nhu l mt ngn ngu dnh du d su dung v d mo rng.
Voi ngn ngu XML, ban c th tao cc phn tu ring cua chnh mnh, n cho php ban d dng miu ta
mt cch chnh xc cc phn nho cua thng tin. Thay v xu l vn ban cua ban theo cc d muc v doan
vn, ban c th d dng nhn ra tung phn trong ti liu d. D hiu qua, ban cn xc dinh mt danh sch
c gioi han cc phn tu cua mnh v gn chng vo d. (Ban c th dinh nghia cc phn tu duoi dang dinh
nghia kiu ti liu DTD hoc luoc d, chng ta s thao lun sau). Khi ban d bt du v su dung XML,
hy thoai mi thu nghim cc tn phn tu khi ban xy dung cc tp thuc hnh.
Cch tao mt tp ti liu XML
Nhu d d cp o phn du tin, tp ti liu XML cua ban s bao gm ni dung v cc du duoc thm vo
ni dung d. Ban chn cc the bao quanh ni dung vn ban cua mnh. Th du, ban cn tao mt ti liu
huong dn nu n bng XML. Gia su ban mun vit cng thuc lm mn Ice Cream Sundae trong XML.
D dnh du tn cng thuc, ban bao quanh doan vn ban d bn trong phn tu cua ban bng vic dt the
bt du vo truoc doan vn ban ny v dt the kt thc o cui doan vn. Nhu vy, ban c th goi d l mt
phn tu recipename. D dnh du the bt du cua mt phn tu, hy dt tn cua phn tu bn trong ngoc
nhon (<>) nhu sau: <recipename>. Sau d, dnh ni dung Ice Cream Sundae. O cui vn ban, ban
cho thm the kt thc, the ny l tn cua phn tu bn trong ngoc nhon cng voi du gach cho (/) truoc
tn cua phn tu d, ging nhu sau: </recipename>. Nhung the ny tao thnh mt phan tu, m ban c th
thm ni dung vo hoc ban c th thm cc phn tu khc vo bn trong n.
Ban c th tao ra cc tn phn tu cho cc ti liu ring r nhau hoc mt nhm cc ti liu. Ban cung c
th tao ra cc quy tc, n quy dinh cc phn tu ph hop voi nhau theo mt cch no d dua trn nhu cu cu
th cua ban. Dua vo d ban c th phn chia mt cch r rng hoc nhm cc tn phn tu c dc dim
chung. Ban c th tao quy tc cho nhung ci m mi phn tu duoc php chua v khin cho cc quy tc ny
cht ch, long leo hoc khng qu cht cung khng qu long leo. Mt diu rt quan trong khi tao cc phn
tu d l phai dam bao vic tao ra cc phn tu m dua vo chng ban c th nhn dang duoc cc phn trong
ti liu.
Page 1 of 8 Co ban v XML cho nguoi moi su dung
Bt du tp XML ca ban
Dng du tin trong tp ti liu XML cua ban c l phai l dng khai bo XML. Phn ty chon ny dng
d nhn dang n l mt tp ti liu XML, vic khai bo ny gip cc cng cu v chnh chng ta nhn ra
chng l tp ti liu XML, SGML hay mt vi loai ngn ngu dnh du khc. Khai bo c th vit o dang
don gian nhu sau <?xml?> hoc bao gm phin ban cua XML (<?xml version="1.0"?>) hoc thm
ch ca vic m ha k tu, th du <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> cho b m tiu chun
quc t da ngn ngu Unicode. V khai bo ny phai duoc uu tin thit lp o phn du tin trong tp du
liu, cho nn nu ban c k hoach kt hop cc tp ti liu XML nho thnh mt tp ti liu XML lon hon,
c l ban nn loai bo thng tin ty chon ny.
Tao phn t gc trong ti liu
The bt du v the kt thc cua phn tu gc bao quanh ton b ni dung cua tp ti liu XML. V chi c
duy nht mt phn tu gc trong mt tp du liu, v ban cn "Giy gi" ny d chua dung tt ca ni dung
cua tp ti liu XML. V du 1 l phn du cua th du I. Th du ny su dung phn tu gc c tn <recipe>.
(Ban c th xem v tai v tp ti liu XML ny.)

V d 1. Phn tu gc

Khi ban tao ti liu, ni dung cua ban v cc the thm vo s dt o giua <recipe> v </recipe>.
t tn cc phn t ca ban
Khi d, ban c phn tu <recipe> ging nhu phn tu gc cua
ban. Voi ngn ngu XML, ban chon cc tn cho cc phn tu cua
mnh, sau d dinh nghia theo DTD hoc luoc d tuong ung dua
trn nhung tn d. Nhung tn m ban tao ra c th bao gm cc
k tu theo h thng chu ci, cc chu s v cc k tu dc bit v
du nhu du gach duoi (_). O dy c mt vi diu dng ch v
vic dt tn phn tu:
Du cch khng duoc php su dung d dt tn.
Tn phai duoc bt du bng mt k tu theo h thng
bang chu ci, khng phai l s hay k tu dc bit. (Sau
k tu du tin ny, ban c th su dung bt ky su kt hop
no cua cc chu ci, cc chu s v cc k tu dc bit
duoc php su dung.)
Truong hop khng gy ra li, tuy nhin nn trnh nhm ln khi dt tn.
Dua vo v du o phn truoc, nu ban mun thm tn mt phn tu <recipename>, phn tu ny s c the
bt du l <recipename> v the kt thc tuong ung l </recipename>.

V d 2. Trung hp c nhiu phn tu

Trong tp ti liu XML c th tn tai cc the trng, chng khng c bt cu ni dung g bn trong v c th
duoc biu thi nhu l mt the don bao gm mt cp the bt du v kt thc. Nu mun su dung cu lnh
HTML ging nhu trong th du, nu ban c <img src="mylogo.gif"> , n l mt phn tu don le v
dung mt mnh. N khng chua dung bt ky phn tu con cung nhu vn ban no, chnh v vy n l mt
phn tu trng v c th biu thi nhu sau <img src="mylogo.gif" /> (duoc kt thc boi mt du cch
v gach cho kt thc nhu thng thuong).
<?xm1 ves1on="1.0" encod1ng="u1I-"?>
<ec1pe>
</ec1pe>
Ch khi su dng the
Khi ban tao tp ti liu XML, hy bao
dam rng the bt du v kt thc phai
ph hop voi nhau. Nu chng khng
ph hop, ban s nhn duoc thng bo
li khi su dung hoc mo tp ti liu
XML ny. Voi Internet Explorer, trnh
duyt ny s khng hin thi ni dung
cua ti liu. Thay vo d trnh duyt
Internet Explorer s hin thi thng
dip l the bt du v kt thc khng
ph hop.
<?xm1 ves1on="1.0" encod1ng="u1I-"?>
<ec1pe>
<ec1pename>lce Ceam 5undae</ec1pename>
<pepf1me>5 m1nufes</pepf1me>
</ec1pe>
Page 2 of 8 Co ban v XML cho nguoi moi su dung
Lng ghp cc phn t
Long ghp l dt cc phn tu nm bn trong cc phn tu khc. M trong d, cc phn tu moi duoc goi l
cc phan tu con, v cc phn tu ny duoc bao quanh chng l cc phan tu cha. Mt s phn tu duoc lng
ghp bn trong phn tu gc <recipe>, ging nhu trong V du 3. Cc thng tin cua phn tu con duoc lng
ghp bao gm <recipename>, <ingredlist>, v <preptime>. Bn trong phn tu <ingredlist> c
rt nhiu cc thng tin cua cc phn tu con o trong n, <listitem>. Trong mt vn ban XML, cc phn
tu c th duoc lng ghp voi nhau o nhiu cp d. Nghia l chng ta vn c th lng ghp cc phn tu cp
thp hon o bn trong phn tu con v nhiu cp nho hon nua o trong n.
Mt li c php thng thuong l khi chng ta lng ghp khng chnh xc cc phn tu cha v phn tu con.
D l do bt cu mt phn tu con no cung phai duoc bao quanh mt cch tron ven giua the bt du v the
kt thc cua phn tu cha. Mt diu ch nua l cc phn tu anh, chi hoc em voi phn tu con ny phai
duoc dng truoc khi cc phn tu anh, chi hoc em khc bt du.
Doan m trong V du 3 l mt th du don gian v vic lng ghp cc phn tu. Cc the bt du v the kt
thc khng tr tron voi cc the khc.

V d 3. Lng ghp chnh xc cc phn tu trong XML

Thm cc thuc tnh
Cc thuoc tnh thinh thoang duoc thm vo cc phn tu. Cc thuc tnh ny bao gm cp tn-gi tri, voi
gi tri duoc dt bn trong hai du ngoc kp ("), v du: type="dessert". Cc thuc tnh ny cung cp
cch thuc d luu tru thm cc thng tin mi khi ban su dung phn tu, su thay di gi tri cua thuc tnh l
cn thit khi ban su dung cng mt phn tu o cc vi tr khc khc nhau trong cng mt ti liu.
Ban c th thm thuc tnh hoc ngay ca khi thm nhiu thuc tnh bn trong the bt du cua mt
phn tu: <recipe type="dessert">. Nu ban thm vo nhiu thuc tnh, hy tch chng ring r bng
du cch: <recipename cuisine="american" servings="1">. V du 4 l mt v du v vic thm
cc thuc tnh trong tp ti liu XML, nhu sau.

V d 4. Tp ti liu XML vi cc phn tu v cc thuc tnh

Ban c th su dung mt vi hoc v s cc thuc tnh m ban cho l cn thit. Cn nhc mt cch k cng
v xem xt mt cch chi tit cc thuc tnh m ban thm vo trong ti liu. Cc thuc tnh ny v cng huu
ch nu sau ny chng ta mun sp xp cc ti liu cua mnh v du, khi chng ta sp xp theo cc
loi cng thuc khc nhau. Cc tn thuc tnh c th bao gm cc k tu ging nhu quy uoc dt tn phn
tu, tn thuc tnh khng bao gm du cch v tn phai bt du bng cc k tu trong bang chu ci.

<?xm1 ves1on="1.0" encod1ng="u1I-"?>
<ec1pe>
<ec1pename>lce Ceam 5undae</ec1pename>
<1nged11sf>
<11sf1fem>
<quanf1fy>3</quanf1fy>
<1femdesc1pf1on>choco1afe syup o choco1afe fudge</1femdesc1pf1on>
</11sf1fem>
<11sf1fem>
<quanf1fy>1</quanf1fy>
<1femdesc1pf1on>nufs</1femdesc1pf1on>
</11sf1fem>
<11sf1fem>
<quanf1fy>1</quanf1fy>
<1femdesc1pf1on>chey</1femdesc1pf1on>
</11sf1fem>
</1nged11sf>
<pepf1me>5 m1nufes</pepf1me>
</ec1pe>
<?xm1 ves1on="1.0" encod1ng="u1I-"?>
<ec1pe fype="dessef">
<ec1pename cu1s1ne="ame1can" sev1ngs="1">lce Ceam 5undae</ec1pename>
<pepf1me>5 m1nufes</pepf1me>
</ec1pe>
Page 3 of 8 Co ban v XML cho nguoi moi su dung


D liu XML duc t chc tt du vi XML hp l
Nu ban tun thu theo cc quy tc trong cu trc d duoc dua ra, ban s d dng tao ra mt tp ti liu
XML duoc t chuc tt. D liu XML duoc to chuc tot l tp ti liu XML m n tun thu theo tt ca cc
quy tc cua XML nhu: dt tn phn tu, lng ghp, dt tn thuc tnh v cc quy tc khc.
Ty thuc vo muc dch su dung, ban s c cch t chuc XML cua mnh mt cch hop l nht. Tuy nhin,
ban nn xem lai v du v cch sp xp cng thuc ch bin theo loai. Ban cn phai bao dam rng cc phn
tu phai <recipe> c thuc tnh loi dng cho vic sp xp cc cng thuc ch bin d. Thuc tnh ny
gip vic xc nhn tnh hop l cua tp ti liu XML mt cch chnh xc cho nn cn dam bao rng gi tri
cua cc thuc tnh ny phai chc chn tn tai. Cc thng tin cua cc thuc tnh ny c th l v gi (o dy
khng c su choi chu, v chng s gip ch cho ban rt nhiu trong vic soan thao mt tp ti liu XML).
Xc nhan tnh hop l l vic kim tra ti liu cua ban dua vo cc quy tc m ban d thit lp cho cc phn
tu v cch thuc ban xc dinh cc phn tu con cho mi phn tu cha. Ban c th dinh nghia cc quy tc bn
trong inh kiu ti liu (DTD) hoc bn trong luoc d. Vic kim tra tnh ph hop ny yu cu ban tao ra
cc quy tc v luu chng vo DTD hoc luoc d, sau d lin kt cc ti liu DTD hoc luoc d ny vo
bn trong cc tp ti liu XML.
D kch hoat vic xc nhn tnh hop l cua mt tp ti liu XML, ban khai bo kiu ti liu bng cu lnh
(DOCTYPE) bn trong cc tp ti liu XML cua ban o phn du tin. Dng khai bo kiu ti liu ny lin
quan dn DTD hay luoc d (mt danh sch cc phn tu v cc quy tc) duoc su dung d xc nhn tnh hop
l cua ti liu. Th du, vic khai bo kiu ti liu DOCTYPE cua ban c th xem trong V du 5.

V d 5. DOCTYPE

V du ny gia thit rng tp ti liu chua danh sch cc phn tu cua ban c tn l filename.dtd v duoc luu
tru bn trong my tnh cua ban s l (SYSTEM Hoc nguoc lai, chng ta dng PUBLIC nu chi dn vi tr tp
dng chung).



Cch s dng cc thc th
Cc thuc th c th l cc cum tu hoc cc k tu dc bit. Cc thuc th phai duoc khai bo v duoc biu
thi mt cch r rng nhm trnh xut hin li v dam bao hin thi mt cch r rng.
Ban khng th chn cc k tu dc bit mt cch truc tip vo ni dung trong ti liu cua ban. Nu su dung
cc k tu dc bit bn trong vn ban, ban phai thit lp n nhu l mt thuc th su dung chnh m k tu cua
n. Ban cung c th thit lp cc cum tu nhu tn cng ty nhu l mt thuc th, sau d chn cc thuc th vo
vi tr cn hin thi. D thit lp mt thuc th, du tin chng ta tao tn cho n, sau d chn n vo trong ni
dung cua vn ban, chng ta hy bt du khai bo thuc th bng k hiu (&) v kt thc bng du chm
phy (;) th du, &coname; (hoc bt cu tn no m ban mun). Sau d ban thm m lnh voi DOCTYPE
bn trong du ngoc vung ([]), nhu trong V du 6. Doan m ny gip doan vn ban c th duoc nhn
dang thng qua thuc th dai din cho n.

V d 6. THJC THE

Su dung cc thuc th c th gip ban trnh vic phai g lai cc cum tu hoc cc thng tin nu chng duoc
su dung nhiu ln. Diu ny cung gip ban d dng hiu chinh vn ban cua mnh. Gia su, nu tn cng
<!DOC1YPL MyDocs 5Y51LM "f11ename.dfd">
<!DOC1YPL MyDocs 5Y51LM "f11ename.dfd" | <!LN1l1Y coname "kab1d 1uf1e
lndusf1es"
]>
Page 4 of 8 Co ban v XML cho nguoi moi su dung
ty cn duoc thay di o rt nhiu vi tr khc nhau, ban chi cn lm mt vic rt don gian l dinh nghia lai
ni dung cua thuc th d.



Trnh mc li
Ging nhu khi chng ta tao cc tp ti liu XML, mo chng trong mi truong soan thao XML d kim tra
tnh hop l v chung thuc rng ban hon ton tun thu theo cc quy tc cua XML . Nu ban dang su dung
chuong trnh Windows Internet Explorer, ban c th mo tp ti liu XML cua mnh bng trnh duyt
ny. N s hin thi cc phn tu, cc thuc tnh v ni dung trong tp ti liu XML d. Nu xut hin li,
chc chn bn trong ti liu cua ban tn tai li c php v ban cn phai kim tra ti liu cua mnh mt cch
cn thn. C th cc li ny l do dnh my hoc do qun mo hoc dng cc the cung nhu du chm cu.
Nhu d d cp o phn Lng ghp cc phn tu, mt phn tu m n chua mt phn tu khc, th n l phan tu
cha cua phn tu m n chua bn trong. Ging nhu v du duoi dy, <recipe> l phn tu gc v n chua tt
ca ni dung cua ti liu. Phn tu cha ny, <recipe>, chua cc phn tu con <recipename>,
<ingredlist>, <directions>, v mt vi phn tu con khc. Cu trc ny tao ra phn tu
<recipename>, <ingredlist>, v phn tu <directions> c cng cp, v chng duoc goi l phn tu
anh, chi cua nhau. Ban nn ch khi lng ghp cc phan tu anh, chi mt cch r rng v cn thn. V du 7
l mt XML duoc t chuc tt v duoc lng ghp chnh xc.

V d 7. XML duc t chc tt

Ch : Vic xung dng s gip ban d dng doc m m khng lm anh huong dn ni dung cua tp ti
liu XML.
C l ban nn thuc hnh nhiu voi ti liu cua ban bng cch thay di vi tr cc the bt du v the kt thc
qua d ban s c nhiu kinh nghim voi cc thng bo li.



<?xm1 ves1on="1.0" encod1ng="u1I-"?>
<ec1pe fype="dessef">
<ec1pename cu1s1ne="ame1can" sev1ngs="1">lce Ceam 5undae</ec1pename>
<1nged11sf>
<11sf1fem><quanf1fy un1fs="cups">0.5</quanf1fy>
<1femdesc1pf1on>van111a 1ce ceam</1femdesc1pf1on></11sf1fem>
<11sf1fem><quanf1fy un1fs="fab1espoons">3</quanf1fy>
<1femdesc1pf1on>choco1afe syup o choco1afe fudge</1femdesc1pf1on></11sf1fem>
<11sf1fem><quanf1fy un1fs="fab1espoons">1</quanf1fy>
<1femdesc1pf1on>nufs</1femdesc1pf1on></11sf1fem>
<11sf1fem><quanf1fy un1fs="each">1</quanf1fy>
<1femdesc1pf1on>chey</1femdesc1pf1on></11sf1fem>
</1nged11sf>
<ufens11s>
<11sf1fem><quanf1fy un1fs="each">1</quanf1fy>
<ufens11name>boW1</ufens11name></11sf1fem>
<11sf1fem><quanf1fy un1fs="each">1</quanf1fy>
<ufens11name>spoons</ufens11name></11sf1fem>
<11sf1fem><quanf1fy un1fs="each">1</quanf1fy>
<ufens11name>1ce ceam scoop</ufens11name></11sf1fem>
</ufens11s>
<d1ecf1ons>
<sfep>us1ng 1ce ceam scoop, p1ace van111a 1ce ceam 1nfo boW1.</sfep>
<sfep>D1zz1e choco1afe syup o choco1afe fudge ove fhe 1ce ceam.</sfep>
<sfep>5p1nk1e nufs ove fhe mound of choco1afe and 1ce ceam.</sfep>
<sfep>P1ace chey on fop of mound W1fh sfem po1nf1ng upWad.</sfep>
<sfep>5eve.</sfep>
</d1ecf1ons>
<va1af1ons>
<opf1on>kep1ace nufs W1fh a1s1ns.</opf1on>
<opf1on>use choco1afe 1ce ceam 1nsfead of van111a 1ce ceam.</opf1on>
</va1af1ons>
<pepf1me>5 m1nufes</pepf1me>
</ec1pe>
Page 5 of 8 Co ban v XML cho nguoi moi su dung
Ch khi xem ti liu XML
Trong Hnh 1, cc phn tu cua ban l ra mt cch r rng khi chng ta mo ti liu trong Internet Explorer.
Cc the bt du v kt thc bao quanh ni dung cua ban. Cc k tu du cng ( + ) v du tru ( - ) c hiu
luc cho dn cc phn tu cha k tip, vy nn ban c th lm li tt ca cc phn tu duoc lng ghp bn
trong chng (d l cc phan tu con, chu).

Hnh 1. Mt tp ti liu XML c cc phn tu anh, ch| b| li




Tm tt
Ngoi mt vi cc quy tc don gian, ban c th linh dng thit k cc phn tu v cc thuc tnh XML. Cc
quy tc cua XML khng kh, soan thao mt tp ti liu XML cung khng kh. Diu kh khn d l ban
phai muong tuong diu ban cn tu ti liu cua chnh mnh duoi dang c th sp xp hay c th tm kim
duoc, sau d thit k cc phn tu v cc thuc tnh nhm ph hop voi nhung g ban cn.
Khi ban c tuong tt v muc tiu v cch dnh du ni dung cua mnh, ban c th xy dung cc phn tu
v cc thuc tnh mt cch hiu qua. Tu d, cn thn khi dng the l tt ca nhung g ban cn d c th tao
duoc mt ti liu XML duoc t chuc tt v hop l.




Page 6 of 8 Co ban v XML cho nguoi moi su dung
Ti v


Ti nguyn
Hc tp
XML technical library: Dy l cc bi bo v cc meo cua cc nh pht trin XML, cc huong dn,
cc tiu chun, v cc cun sch cua IBM.

XML topic on Wikipedia: Cc thng tin thm v XML.

XML Tutorials at W3 Schools: Mo rng v kim tra cc k nng cua ban tu co ban dn JavaScript
v cc chu d nng cao khc.

XML specification cua World Wide Web Consortium: Cc thng tin thm v dinh dang vn ban
ny m n c th su dung cho ch ban din tu cung nhu voi cc du liu trn Web v nhung linh vuc
khc.

Introduction to XML (Doug Tidwell, developerWorks, August 2002): Truoc khi khm ph ra XML
l g, tai sao n duoc pht trin v n hnh thnh thuong mai din tu th no duoc chi ra trong phn
gioi thiu ny. Ngoi ra n cn d cp dn nhung ch quan trong khi lp trnh giao din cung nhu
cc tiu chun v hai truong hop cc cng ty dng XML d giai quyt cc vn d thuong mai.

Validating XML (Nicholas Chase, developerWorks, August 2003): Trong phn huong dn ny, s
duoc tm hiu xc nhn tnh hop l cua XML l g v lm sao d kim tra ti liu voi DTD hoc luu
d XML.

New to XML : L nhung bi bo v nhung huong dn khc v XML, cc thng tin tu trung tm ti
nguyn v XML.

IBM XML certification: Chi cho ban cch tro thnh nh pht trin v XML cung nhu cc k thut
lin quan duoc IBM chung nhn.

developerWorks technical events and webcasts: Nhung h tro hin tai v XML.

developerWorks podcasts: Nghe cc cuc phong vn v thao lun th vi voi cc nh pht trin phn
mm.

Ly san phm v cng ngh
IBM trial software for product evaluation: Tao du n moi voi phm mm dng thu c th tai truc
tip tu developerWorks, n bao gm cc cng cu pht trin ung dung v cc san phm trung gian tu
DB2, Lotus, Rational, Tivoli, v WebSphere.


Thao lun
Yahoo! Groups: Tham gia thao lun cc chu d lin quan dn XML.

XML zone discussion forums: Noi ban c th thao lun cc vn d lin quan v XML.

developerWorks blogs: Tham gia vo cc nht k mang v ly thng tin tu cng dng
developerWorks .

M ta Tn Kch thuc Phuong thc tai
V du m ngun example.zip 2KB
HTTP
Thng tin v phuong thuc tai
Page 7 of 8 Co ban v XML cho nguoi moi su dung
IBM, IBM logo, ibm.com, DB2, developerWorks, Lotus, Rational, Tivoli, v WebSphere l thuong hiu cua
tp don International Business Machines Corporation o M v cc nuoc khc. Nhung thuong hiu ny v cc
thut ngu thuong hiu cua IBM duoc xc lp khi chng xut hin ln du tin voi cc k hiu tuong ung (
hoc ), xc dinh d duoc dng k o M hay lut thuong hiu chung so huu boi IBM tai thoi dim thng tin
duoc pht hnh. Nhung thuong hiu d cung c th duoc dng k hoc l thuong hiu cua lut chung o cc
nuoc khc. Danh sch hin tai cua cc thuong hiu cua IBM c o http://www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml
Biu trung Adobe, the Adobe logo, PostScript, v PostScript l cc thuong hiu d duoc dng k cua Adobe
Systems Incorporated o M v cc nuoc khc. Microsoft, Windows, v biu trung Windows l thuong hiu
cua Microsoft Corporation o M v cc nuoc khc. Tn cc dich vu, san phm, cng ty, c th l thuong hiu
hoc dich vu d dng k. Tn cua cng ty, san phm hay dich vu c th l nhn hiu dng k hoc nhn hiu
dich vu cua nguoi khc.


i nt v tc gi







Kay Whatley l tc gia, bin tp vin v chu bin. C cn l dng tc gia cua mt s cun sch khc, bao
gm XML Weekend Crash Course for Hungry Minds (Wiley, 2000), Tc gia chnh cua Advanced
FrameMaker (TIPS, 2004), v l tc gia cua XML and FrameMaker (Apress, 2004). Cun sch moi nht
v cng ngh cua c l XML: Problem-Design-Solution (Wiley, 2006). Ngoi vic vit sch, Kay cn
thuong xuyn vit bi cho cc tap ch cng nghip v cc trang web.
Page 8 of 8 Co ban v XML cho nguoi moi su dung