Kim tra gia k - 14/10/2011

Mn: Khai Ph D Liu Lp: Cao hc Ngnh Khoa Hc My Tnh - HK1 2011-2012 Thi gian lm bi: 20 pht (Bi kim tra gm 10 cu hi. Hc vin c tham kho ti liu.) Hc vin chn 1 cu tr li ng nht. Nu chn cu (e) th hc vin cn trnh by p n khc so vi p n cc cu (a), (b), (c), v (d) v/hoc gii thch la chn (e) ca mnh. Cu 1. Pht biu no sai khi ni v qu trnh khm ph tri thc? a. Khm ph tri thc l mt qu trnh lp v tng tc; trong , khai ph d liu l mt qu trnh con lin quan n vic qun l mt lng ln d liu s c khai ph mt cch hiu qu, lin quan n vic m hnh ho/biu din tri thc/thng tin th v v n trong d liu c khai ph, v cng lin quan n vic x l lng ln d liu c khai ph v t , suy lun ra c tri thc/thng tin th v . b. Khm ph tri thc l mt qu trnh lp v tng tc, lun i hi ngi s dng phi gim st v can thip vo bc khai ph d liu (mt qu trnh con trong qu trnh khm ph tri thc) iu chnh phn nhp (input) cho ph hp vi yu cu i vi phn xut (output). c. Khm ph tri thc l khai ph d liu c thc hin trn mt lng ln d liu dn ra tri thc/thng tin th v m khng th no c c bng vic phn tch truy vn d liu theo cch truyn thng; tuy nhin, khm ph tri thc c th c hiu rng hn l mt qu trnh lp v tng tc gm c giai on tin x l v qu trnh khai ph d liu. d. Khm ph tri thc gm nhiu qu trnh con: tin x l d liu, khai ph d liu, nh gi v trnh by tri thc; trong , cng ngh kho d liu c th c s dng qun l d liu s c khai ph hoc khng cn c s dng qun l d liu s c khai ph. e. kin khc. Cu 2. D liu s c khai ph c nhng c im no sau y? a. D liu s c khai ph nn l d liu c cu trc qu trnh khai ph d liu c th iu khin vic truy xut d liu mt cch d dng v hiu qu nht.

b. D liu s c khai ph l d liu qu kh c thu thp theo thi gian v lu tr trn cc tp tin v/hoc trong cc h c s d liu. c. Lng d liu cng ln cng tt cht lng ca kt qu khai ph d liu cng tt. d. Kiu ca d liu s c khai ph (v d: tp nh s, tp video, tp giao dch mua hng, ) phong ph v dng tri thc g mong mun c khm ph t tp d liu s c khai ph cng phong ph. e. kin khc. Cu 3. Chn pht biu ng v mt gii thut khai ph d liu. a. Mt gii thut khai ph d liu gm 4 thnh phn c bn: cu trc mu hay cu trc m hnh; hm t s; phng php tm kim v ti u ho; v chin lc qun l d liu; trong , cu trc mu hay cu trc m hnh ch yu lin quan n thnh phn xut ca gii thut v chin lc qun l d liu ch yu lin quan n thnh phn nhp ca gii thut. b. Mt gii thut khai ph d liu gm 4 thnh phn c bn: cu trc mu hay cu trc m hnh; hm t s; phng php tm kim v ti u ho; v chin lc qun l d liu; trong , phng php tm kim nhm xc nh mt cu trc mu/m hnh khai ph ph hp t tp d liu c khai ph v ti u ha nhm gim phc tp ca gii thut khai ph d liu. c. Mt tc v khai ph d liu thng c th c thc hin bi mt hay nhiu gii thut khai ph d liu tng ng. Do , khi la chn mt gii thut cho mt tc v khai ph d liu, ta cn phi thc hin tng gii thut sn c trn tp d liu c khai ph; sau , nh gi v chn ra mt gii thut sao cho kt qu mu hay m hnh t c l tt nht.

d. Mt tc v khai ph d liu thng c th c thc hin bi mt hay nhiu gii thut khai ph d liu tng ng. Do , khi la chn mt gii thut cho mt tc v khai ph d liu, ta cn phi da vo phc tp v thi gian cng nh khng gian ca gii thut sau khi xem xt loi tri thc s t c ph hp vi tc v. e. kin khc. Cu 4. Cho d liu v mt thuc tnh A ca mt tp 12 i tng nh sau: 4, 6, 5, 9, 8, 1, 3, 2, 7, 10, 12, 11. Kt qu no sau y l hp l nht khi thc hin lm trn d liu (gim thiu nhiu) vi 3 bin c cng s lng i tng v s dng bin boundaries? a. bin 1: 4, 4, 9, 9; bin 2: 8, 8, 2, 2; bin 3: 7, 7, 11, 11. b. bin 1: 1, 1, 4, 4; bin 2: 5, 5, 8, 8; bin 3: 9, 9, 12, 12. c. bin 1: 4, 4, 9, 9; bin 2: 1, 1, 8, 8; bin 3: 7, 7, 12, 12. d. bin 1: 4, 6, 6, 9; bin 2: 8, 3, 3, 2; bin 3: 7, 10, 10, 11. e. kin khc. Cu 5. Pht biu no sau y khng ng v phn tch nhn t chnh (Principle Components Analysis PCA)? a. PCA l phng php thu gim chiu bng cch b bt nhng chiu d liu khng quan trng v ch d liu k chiu quan trng nht (da vo mc ph hp vi yu cu ca ngi s dng) v k chiu c gi li ng vai tr lm k trc to trong khng gian mi. b. PCA l phng php thu gim chiu bng php bin i tuyn tnh dch chuyn d liu t khng gian n chiu sang khng gian k chiu vi k nh hn nhiu so vi n. tm c h trc to mi trong khng gian k chiu, khi nim eigenvalues v eigenvectors c s dng v chng c tnh ra trc tip t tp d liu hun luyn. c. PCA l phng php thu gim chiu n gin v c ng dng nhiu trong thc tin; tuy nhin, PCA li khng phi l phng php thu gim chiu ti u cho bi ton phn lp do c gng bo tn s bin thin trong d liu cng nhiu cng tt.

d. PCA l phng php thu gim chiu c kh nng iu khin tt mc mt mt thng tin do vic chn la k chiu ng vi k gi tr eigenvalues ln nht v cng d dng khc phc c s ph thuc vo cc n v o ca cc bin ban u ng vi cc chiu ca khng gian gc ban u cng nh s ph thuc vo tm tr ca cc bin ny bng mt phng php chun ha d liu. e. kin khc. Cu 6. Cho d liu v mt thuc tnh A ca mt tp 20 i tng nh sau: 4, 9, 6, 4, 5, 9, 15, 8, 1, 1, 3, 13, 2, 7, 10, 9, 12, 11, 14, 16. Kt qu ri rc ha vi 4 on (interval) no sau y l kt qu ca phng php historam analysis dng equalwidth? a. Interval 1 = [4, 5] gm: 4, 9, 6, 4, 5; Interval 2 = [9, 1] gm: 9, 15, 8, 1, 1; Interval 3 = [3, 10] gm: 3, 13, 2, 7, 10; Interval 4 = [9, 16] gm: 9, 12, 11, 14, 16. b. Interval 1 = [1, 4] gm: 1, 1, 2, 3, 4; Interval 2 = [4, 8] gm: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; Interval 3 = [9, 11] gm: 9, 9, 9, 10, 11; Interval 4 = [12, 16] gm: 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. c. Interval 1 = [1, 4] gm: 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4; Interval 2 = [5, 8] gm: 5, 6, 7, 8; Interval 3 = [9, 12] gm: 9, 9, 9, 10, 11, 12; Interval 4 = [13, 16] gm: 13, 14, 15, 16. d. Interval 1 = [4, 9] gm: 4, 4, 5, 6, 9; Interval 2 = [1, 15] gm: 1, 1, 8, 9, 15; Interval 3 = [2, 13] gm: 2, 3, 7, 10, 13; Interval 4 = [9, 16] gm: 9, 11, 12, 14, 16. e. kin khc. Cu 7. Cho tp d liu (Bng 1) v im thi ca sinh vin c phn b c m t trong Hnh 1. c im no sau y ng v phn b im thi ny? a. Mode, median, v midrange u bng 60. b. Phn b im thi ny khng i xng, b nghing theo hng m (negative skew). c. S lng phn t nh hn mean t hn s lng phn t ln hn mean. d. Tp d liu qu nh nn khng th c kt lun ng v phn b ny. e. kin khc.

Cu 8. M hnh hi qui logistic l mt v d in hnh ca m hnh hi qui tuyn tnh tng qut vi c im no sau y? a. Hm lin kt g l hm tuyn tnh theo cc bin d on X v cc bin p ng Y khng cn phi tun theo phn b chun na; thay vo l mt phn b trong h exponential. b. Do cc bin d on X vn c kt hp tuyn tnh v ch n gin c lin kt vi cc bin p ng Y bi mt hm logistic nn vic c lng thng s trong m hnh hi qui logistic c thc hin d dng v trc tip vi i s tuyn tnh nh trong trng hp ca m hnh hi qui tuyn tnh a bin hay n bin. Tuy nhin, cc bin p ng Y by gi khng cn phi tun theo phn b chun na m tun theo mt phn b no trong h exponential. c. M hnh hi qui logistic c xem nh l m hnh mng neural khng c tng n vi hm lin kt l hm logistic v cc bin p ng Y tun theo phn b Bernoulli, mt phn b trong h exponential. Do , m hnh hi qui logistic cng l mt b phn lp phi tuyn da trn hm logistic (hm phi tuyn). d. Cc bin d on X vn c kt hp tuyn tnh v c lin kt vi cc bin p ng Y bi mt hm logistic v cc bin p ng Y khng cn phi tun theo phn b chun na; thay vo l mt phn b trong h exponential. e. kin khc. Cu 9. Chn pht biu sai. a. M hnh hi qui tuyn tnh a bin (multiplevariable linear regression) l m hnh hi qui tuyn tnh tng qut (generalized linear regression) vi phn b ca cc bin ph thuc l phn b chun. b. M hnh hi qui dng vi mng neural feedforward a tng (multilayer feedforward neural network) l mt m hnh hi qui tuyn tnh tng qut vi phn b ca cc bin ph thuc l phn b dng hm sigmoid v cc bin d bo c kt hp thnh tng tuyn tnh c trng s. c. M hnh hi qui cng tng qut (generalized additive regression) l m hnh hi qui tuyn tnh tng qut vi tng tuyn tnh c trng s theo s bin i ca cc bin d bo. d. M hnh hi qui theo phng chiu (projection pursuit regression) l m hnh hi

qui tuyn tnh tng qut vi tng tuyn tnh c trng s theo s bin i ca cc bin d bo c chiu theo cc hng ti u c quan tm. e. kin khc. Cu 10. Cho trc m hnh hi qui t tp d liu Bng 2 vi gi s mi quan h c lng gia bin p ng y (im thi cui k) v bin d bo x (im bi tp v nh) nh sau: y = b0 + b1*x. Nu sinh vin c im bi tp v nh l 9 th im thi cui k ca sinh vin ny l bao nhiu? (Gi s im c lm trn ln n 0.5). a. 9.5. b. 9.0. c. 8.5. d. 8.0. e. kin khc.
Bng 1. Tp d liu v im thi ca sinh vin
Sinh vin im thi

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Bng 2. Tp d liu im thi (y) v im bi tp v nh (x) ca sinh vin.

Sinh vin y x

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H - Tn: . M S Hc Vin: Phn tr li Cu hi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 a b c d e

Hnh 1. Phn b im thi ca sinh vin (tng ng vi tp d liu Bng 1)