TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI

VIN C KH NG LC
B MN T V XE CHUYN DNG







TI LIU
PHC V MN HC
CU TO T 2
(Dng cho SV K52)







BCH KHOA 2010

CHNG 10: HP S T
10.1. Chc nng, yu cu, phn loi
?? Chc nng
?? Yu cu ?? Yu cu
?? Phn loi
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT - hp s thng)
10.2.1. Hp s c kh 2 trc 10.2.1. Hp s c kh 2 trc
G
1
G
2
Z
5
Z
4
Z
3
Z
Z
2
Z
Z
5
I
Z
L
2
Z
1
C
Z
L2
II
Z'
Z'
Z'
3
C
1
G
3
Z'
5 Z'
4
Z
3
Z'
2
Z'
1
C
2
?? Cu to
?? NLLV
?? c im v phm vi s dng
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.1. Hp s c kh 2 trc 10.2.1. Hp s c kh 2 trc
5. 4. 3.
L
G
2
1. 3. 5.
2. 4. 6. L
G
1
0.
1 2 3 4 5 6
7
I
II
I
II
2.
C
1
C
2
G
3
II
8 9 10
C
1
C
2
1.
8 9 10
11
12
C
2
12
13
HW: S ha, NLLV, so snh hai HS
10.2.2. Hp s c kh 3 trc
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.2. Hp s c kh 3 trc
4
3
2. 1.
G
3
G
2
4.
3.
0
0
I
III I,III
Z L 0
G
1
,
Z
a
Z
a
Z
3
Z
3
Z
2
Z
2
Z
1
Z
1
Z
L1
Z
L
L 0.
Z
L2
II
IV
Z
L2
II
IV
L2
?? Cu to
?? NLLV ?? NLLV
?? c im v phm vi s dng
10.2.2. Hp s c kh 3 trc
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.2. Hp s c kh 3 trc
1. L
0
G
1
G
2
G
5.
4.
3. 2.
0
0
0
I III
2
G
3
I III
ZZ
a
Z
a
Z
4
Z
4
Z
3
Z
3
Z
2
Z
2
Z
1
II
IV
Z
1
Z
Z
L
Z
?? Cu to
IV Z
L1
Z
L2
?? NLLV
?? So snh vi loi 4 cp s
10.2.2. Hp s c kh 3 trc
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.2. Hp s c kh 3 trc
HW: S ha, trnh by NLLV. V tch cc trc
10.2.2. Hp s c kh 3 trc
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.2. Hp s c kh 3 trc
HW: S ha, trnh
by NLLV. V tch cc
trc. V tch BR gi s trc. V tch BR gi s
1 v BR trung gian s
li
10.2.3. Hp s c kh kp
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.3. Hp s c kh kp
m
1
m
2
n
1
A
B
C
m
3
m
4
n
2
A
B
C
m
5
m
L
M: Phn chnh N: Phn ph
HW: So snh hp s kp vi hp s n
10.2.3. Hp s c kh kp
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.3. Hp s c kh kp
Phn chnh hp s (HSC)
I: Trc ni hp s
5.
4.
3. 2. 1. L
0 0
G
1
G
2
G
3
L
H
G
4
II: Trc trung gian
III: Trc b ng
IV: Trc s li
G
1
, G
2
, G
3
: Cc khp gi s

0
0 0
I
III
L
o
H.
I
p
1., 2., 3., 4., 5., L: Cc v tr gi s
Phn ph ca HSC
I
p
: Trc ch ng

Z
a
Z
a
Z
4
Z
3
Z
2
Z
Z
L
Z
o
Z
o
2Lo.
II
p
: Trc ph s thp
G
4
: Khp gi s thp v s cao
trong phn ph
Z
o
, Z
o
: Cp BR s thp

II
a
Z
4
Z
3
2
Z
2
Z
1
Z
1
Z
L
L o
II
H: V tr gi thng (s cao)
Lo: V tr gi s thp
IV
Z
L1
Z
L2
Phn ph HSC
Phn chnh HSC
II
p
Phn ph HSC
Phn chnh HSC
HW: So snh hp s kp vi hp s n
10.2.3. Hp s c kh kp
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.3. Hp s c kh kp
Ph h h HS 5 4
3. 2. 1. L
G
1
G
2
G
3
CCHT
Phn chnh HS
I: Trc ch ng
II: Trc trung gian
III: Trc b ng
IV T li
5. 4.
0
0 0
I
III
H
. T
G
4
II
p
H
IV: Trc s li
G
1
, G
2
, G
3
: Cc khp gi s
1., 2., 3., 4., 5., L: Cc v tr gi
Ph h HS
Z
a
Z
a
Z
4
Z
Z
3
Z
Z
2
Z
1
Z
L
Phn ph ca HS
CCHT: C cu hnh tinh
II
p
: Trc ra (b ng)
G
4
: Khp gi s trong phn ph
Z Z C BR th
II
IV
Z
4
Z
3
Z
2
Z
1
Z
1
Z
L
Z
o
, Z
o
: Cp BR s thp
T: V tr gi thng
H: V tr gi s cao (truyn tng)
IV
Z
L1
Z
L2
Phn ph HSC Phn chnh HSC
??: NLLV
10.2.3. Hp s c kh kp
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
10.2.3. Hp s c kh kp
Khoang li hp Phn ph HS Phn chnh HS
THW: V tch cc trc, bnh rng ZL
10 2 4 Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
V hp s
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
?? Vt liu
?? Kt cu
Bnh rng hp s
?? Cc loi BR dng trong hp s
?? Ch g v hng nghing
?? Vt liu
?? Kt cu
10 2 4 Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
Trc hp s
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
?? Cc yu cu i vi vic b tr trc
?? Kt cu
ng trt gi s ng trt gi s
?? Kt cu m bo gi khp m du
10 2 4 Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
B ng tc
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
?? Chc nng
?? Cc loi thng gp
?? Cu to chung ?? Cu to chung
10 2 4 Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
B ng tc
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 4 5
6
1. ng gi 2. Tm nh v 3. Vng l xo
4. Vnh ma st ng gi 5. Vnh ma st BR 6. Trc
hp s

p
?? Cu to
?? NLLV
10 2 4 Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
B ng tc
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
1. Bnh rng trn trc s cp
2. Cng gi s
3. ng gi s
4 Bnh rng trn trc th cp 4. Bnh rng trn trc th cp
5. Vnh cn ma st
6. Cc kho hm
7. Cc l xo gi kho hm
8. Moay ng tc
9. Cc rnh cha kho hm
HW: phn tch kt cu
ng tc trn hnh
10 2 4 Cc b phn chnh
4
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
B ng tc
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh

4
1 Trc hp s
2 BR c gi
9
2 BR c gi
3 Vnh rng thng v vnh
ma st ca BR
4 Vnh ma st ng gi g g
5 Moay ng tc
6 L xo
7 Cht hng tm
8 Mnh nh v
1
8 Mnh nh v
9 ng gi
?? Cu to
?? NLLV
3 2 6 5 4 7 9 8 4 3 2
10 2 4 Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
B ng tc
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
1 T h
3
2
4
6 5
2
4
1 Trc hp s
2 BR c gi
3 Vnh rng thng v vnh
ma st ca BR
1
3
ma st ca BR
4 Vnh ma st ng gi
5 Moay ng tc
6 Cht mm
7 Cht 7 Cht cng
?? Cu to
?? NLLV
7
a) b)
10 2 4 Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
B ng tc
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
?? T tm hiu cu ?? T tm hiu cu
to v NLLV
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
C cu iu khin chuyn s
p
1
6
1
2 3
1
6
4
7 3
2
B A
4
5
8
L
9
9
2. 4.
5
1. 3. 5.
1 Cn s 2 u trong cn s 3 Trc trt gi s
?? Nguyn l lm vic khi
chuyn s
1 Cn s 2 u trong cn s 3 Trc trt gi s
4 Nng gt 5 Khp gi s 6 Gi cu cn s 7 C
cu nh v 8 Vnh ng tc 9 Bnh rng c gi
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
1
2
A
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
C cu iu khin chuyn s
p
1 B h h h
1
2
3
4
A
B
1 Ba rnh thng hng
2 Rnh t u cn s
3 Cc nng gi s
4 Ly s li
5
4 Ly s li
5 Rnh nh v trc trt
3
3
5
A B
1
2
?? T tm hiu cu
1 Cn s
2 B iu khin
3 Cp ni di
A
B
3
?? T tm hiu cu
to v NLLV
3 Cp ni di
4 Hp s
4
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
a) Trc tri di chuyn
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT) (t)
?? Tc dng nh v v hm gi s
C cu nh v s v kha hm gi s
p
b) Trc gia di chuyn
?? Tc dng nh v v hm gi s
?? Cu to v NLLV
9 A
B
A-A
7 8
6 3
B
4
1
5
2
4
3
14 14
B
A
4
3
1Np che 2 Np hp s 3 Trc trt 4 Nng
gt 5 Si thp kha 6 c 7 L xo t 8 Cht
B-B
g p
t 9 Cht kha 10 Kha bi 11 L xo nh v
12 Bi t 13 Cht kha trc 14 Trc s li
11
10 12
13
12
10.2.4. Cc b phn chnh
10.2. Hp s c kh c cp (MT- hp s thng) (t)
?? Tc dng
C cu bo him gi s li
p
?? Tc dng
?? Cu to
1. Bi kho hm,
2. ng bc l xo nh v,
3 L xo nh v 3. L xo nh v,
4. Cht kho hm,
5. Bi nh v,
7 Con trt kho hm 7. Con trt kho hm,
10. Np v hp s.
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.4.1. Gii thiu chung
?? Cu to chung
?? c im Phn tch cc u im so
g
?? c im. Phn tch cc u im so
vi MT
?? Phn loi
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT)
?? Cu to chung
p g ( )
Cu to chung v phn loi
g
?? Chc nng ca mi b phn
?? Phn loi
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
?? Cc tc dng. Phn tch
?? M
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Bin m thy lc
?? M t cu to
Chi
p g ( ) ( )
1
2
6
9
11
Chiu
quay
6
7
5
12
11
4
8
B
P
Cp du
cho
HSHT
3
8
T
B
a) Mt ct bin m
T P B
b) Mch cung cp du
HSHT
B: Bnh bm T: Bnh tuabin P: Bnh phn ng
1 Gi bt bnh 2 a p li hp kha 3 Li hp kha bin m
4 Kh t hi 5 T b bi 6 D h ht l 7 B
a) Mt ct bin m
4 Khp mt chiu 5 Trc b ng bin m 6 Dng chy cht lng 7 Bm
cp du 8 Bin m men 9 ng du v 10 Kt mt du 11 Thng
cha du 12 Van iu p
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Bin m thy lc
p g ( ) ( )
?? NLLV
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
?? Ti sao m men quay trn bnh tuc bin 10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Bin m thy lc
q y
c th ln hn m men trn bnh bm
p g ( ) ( )
a) Bnh T b) Bnh T c) Bnh T a) Bnh T
ng yn
b) Bnh T
quay chm
c) Bnh T
quay nhanh
P P P
B B B
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Bin m thy lc
?? Gii thch c tnh
p g ( ) ( )
?? Gii thch c tnh
?? Bin php kt cu hn ch s suy gim hiu sut bin m trt thp
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Bin m thy lc ?? So snh li hp kha BM vi li hp chnh
p g ( ) ( )
5
6
7
8 9
3
4
5
10
1
2
11
Du
1
1 Khp mt chiu 2 Xng a li hp
3 Khoang du v 4 Tm ma st 5 Gi bt
bnh bm 6 Khoang du p 7 Pit tng p bnh bm 6 Khoang du p 7 Pit tng p
8 Bnh tua bin 9 Bnh bm 10 Bnh
phn ng 11 Trc ra ca bin m
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Bin m thy lc
p g ( ) ( )
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh
?? So snh hp s hnh tinh vi
p g ( ) ( )
?? So snh hp s hnh tinh vi
hp s c trc c nh
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh Trng thi
ca khu
c iu
Khu ch
ng
Khu b
ng
T s
truyn
Chiu quay ca
khu b ng i
vi khu ch ng
p g ( ) ( )

khin
g
Bnh rng
bao c nh
Bnh rng
mt tri
Cn dn >1 (gim
tc) Cng chiu
C d B h < 1 (
bao c nh
Cn dn Bnh rng
mt tri
< 1 (s
truyn tng)
Bnh rng

Bnh rng
bao
Cn dn >1 (gim
tc) Cng chiu
mt tri c
nh
Cn dn Bnh rng
bao
< 1 (S
truyn tng)
Cn dn c
Bnh rng
mt tri
Bnh rng
bao
>1 (gim
tc) Ngc chiu Cn dn c
nh
mt tri bao tc) Ngc chiu
Bnh rng
bao
Bnh rng
mt tri
< 1 (s
truyn tng)
Cn dn v Bnh rng Bnh rng = 1 (truyn
bnh rng
bao ni c
nh vi nhau
mt tri
hoc bnh
rng bao
bao hoc
bnh rng
mt tri
thng) Cng chiu
?? Tnh t s truyn ca c cu HT: i = Zb/Zb hoc
K
C R
C S
=

S
R
S
R
r
r
Z
Z
K = =
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh Simpson
p g ( ) ( )
Bng cc trng thi lm vic ca c cu hnh tinh Simpson Bng cc trng thi lm vic ca c cu hnh tinh Simpson
v kh nng ng dng
Khu ch
ng
Khu b
ng
Khu chu
lin kt
T s
truyn i
Kh nng
ng dng ng ng lin kt truyn i ng dng
H2 H1 PT1 c nh i > 1 S truyn
rt chm
H2 H1 S h 1 i 2 S t H2 H1 S c nh 1 < i < 2 S truyn
chm
H2 H1 H1 ni vi
H2
i = 1 S truyn
thng H2 thng
S H1 PT1 c nh i < -1 S li
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh Ravigneaux
p g ( ) ( )
S
truyn
Phn t
ch
ng
Phn
t b
ng
Phn
t kho
Phn t
chy
khng
Gii hn t
s truyn i
ng dng trong
hp s t
1. S1 H PT S2 1 < i <
S truyn rt chm
(s 1)
2. S1 H S2 - 1 < i < S truyn chm (s 2) y ( )
3. S1 + S2 H S1, S2 - 1 S truyn thng (D)
4. PT H S2 - i < 1 S truyn tng (OD) 4. PT H S2 i 1 S truyn tng (OD)
R. S2 H PT S1, PT - < I < -1 S li (R)
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
V tr s C
0
C
1
C
2
B
1
B
2
B
3
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh Simpson c
truyn tng
0 1 2 1 2 3
S mo x x
S 1 x x
S 2
p g ( ) ( )
y g
S 2 x x
S 3 x x x
S truyn x x x
?? Xc nh dng truyn m men qua HS
HW: Xc nh t s truyn cc tay s
tng
S li x x
y y
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
9 4 2 1 3
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh li hp
9
5
4
6
2 1 3
Thot
Cp
p g ( ) ( )
5
6 Thot
du
p
du
8
Trng thi m
Trng thi ng
7
1 V ngoi 2 Pit tng 3 a p
4 Tm 5 L xo a 6 Tang trng 4 Tm 5 L xo a 6 Tang trng
trong 7 a thp rng ngoi
8 a ma st rng trong 9 Vng
chn
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh li hp
p g ( ) ( )
?? Ti sao cn van mt chiu ti pt tng
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh phanh
p g ( ) ( )
?? So snh li hp nhiu a v phanh nhiu a
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
Hp s hnh tinh phanh
p g ( ) ( )
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
H thng iu khin
?? Chc nng ca h thng iu khin hp s t ng
p g ( ) ( )
?? Chc nng ca h thng iu khin hp s t ng
?? Cu to chung
?? Thng s chnh no quyt nh trng thi lm vic ca HST
?? Gii thch xu hng chuyn s ?? Gii thch xu hng chuyn s
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
H thng iu khin
p g ( ) ( )
?? Phn tch th ngng chuyn s trn hnh v
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
H thng iu khin
p g ( ) ( )
?? So snh ngng chuyn s cc ch lm vic ca HST
?? ngha vic b tr cc ch lm vic khc nhau ca HST
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
H thng iu khin

p g ( ) ( )
B iu
khin p
sut
Bm du
Cc c
BMM
cu iu
khin
HSHT
HSHT
H van iu
V tr bm ga
T t
khin thy lc
Li lc

Tc t
V tr cn chn
s
y cha du
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
1 Bin m
2 V hp s
3 Kha trc b ng
4 B iu p GV
2 CCHT
F H
H thng iu khin
p g ( ) ( )
4 B iu p GV
5 ng du tn hiu GV
6 Con trt SV
7 ng du iu khin
8 Xi l h l K1
2
1
CCHT
8 Xi lanh lc K1
9 Xi lanh lc K2,K3
13
3
B
7
8
9
13
14
5
4
6
10
14
15
10 ng cp du
11 d
11
15
16
11 ng cp du
12 ng du tn hiu TV
13 Bm du
14 ng cp du
K1, K2, K3: Li hp kha
F: Khp mt chiu
B: Phanh ai
S1 S2 Bnh rng trung tm
12 17
18
g
15 Kha Kick-down
16 B to tn hiu TV
17 Van m ng du MV
S1, S2 Bnh rng trung tm
H: Bnh rng bao
CCHT: C cu hnh tinh
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
H thng iu khin

p g ( ) ( )
B iu
khin p
sut du
Bm du
Cc c
cu iu
HSHT
Tn hiu vo
(Cm bin)
V tr bm ga
B kim
sot v
bo li
(chn on)
BMM
khin
HSHT
HSHT
- V tr bm ga
- Tc t
- V tr cn chn s
- Cng tc LOCK-UP
Cng tc OD
(chn on)
H van iu
khin thy lc
- Cng tc OD
- Nhit du
- p sut du
- V tr van thy lc
Kha in
Cm
role
in t
B iu
khin
trung tm
ECT ECU
Li lc
- Kha in
- Cng tc bo phanh
- Cng tc ch
chy xe
ECT-ECU
y cha du
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.2. Hp s t ng (AT) (t)
H thng iu khin
p g ( ) ( )
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.3. Hp s v cp (CVT) p p ( )
?? So snh AT v CVT
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.3. Hp s v cp (CVT) p p ( )
3
ng
cp du
H
K1
K2
1
cp du
H: Bnh rng bao
S: Bnh rng trung tm
K1
2
7
8
S: Bnh rng trung tm
PT: Gi hnh tinh
K1,K2: li hp kha
1 V hp s
2 Trc ch ng S
6
ng
cp
du
7
2 Trc ch ng
3 ai thp
4 Bnh ai b ng
5 Trc b ng
6 Bnh ai ch ng
PT
S
5
6 Bnh ai ch ng
7 Xi lanh p
8 Na bnh ai c nh
3
4
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.3. Hp s li hp kp (DCT) p p p ( )
?? So snh DCT ~ MT
?? So snh DCT ~ AT
10.3. Hp s t ng chuyn s (HST)
10.3.3. Hp s li hp kp (DCT) p p p ( )
10.4. Hp phn phi
10.4.1. Cng dng, yu cu, phn loi g g, y , p
?? Cng dng
?? Hin tng tun hon cng sut
4
2
3
1 6
8 8
4
?? Yu cu
?? Phn loi
5
4
2
3
6
5
8 8
7
8
6
7
5
1,2,3 9
5
5
5
2
3 1
9
4 8
6
5
4
9
5
6
10.4. Hp phn phi
10.4.2. Cu to n gin g
?? c im lm vic v phm vi ng dng
M
vo
n
vo
1
2
M
Tra
n
Tra
M
Sra
n
Sra
3 4
1 B h h
Ra cu trc Ra cu sau
1 Bnh rng ch ng
2 Bnh rng trung gian
3 Bnh rng b ng
4 Khp gi cu trc 4 Khp gi cu trc
10.4. Hp phn phi
10.4.2. Cu to 2 cp (hp s ph - HSP)
?? Cc trng thi lm vic
p ( p p )
M
M
1 2
1 2
1 Bnh rng gi s
2 Bnh rng ra cu sau
M
vo
n
vo
M
Sra
n
Sra
Ra cu
3
3 Bnh rng s thp
4 Bnh rng gi cu trc
5 Bnh rng ra cu trc
M
Tra
Ra cu
sau
3
4
3
Trc trt gi cu
trc
M
Tra
n
Tra
Ra cu trc
4
5
4
5 A B
a) b)
Ra cu trc
5
S cu to
Trc trt chuyn s
10.4. Hp phn phi
10.4.2. Cu to 2 cp c vi sai (hp s ph - HSP)
?? Tc dng ca vi sai
8
p ( p p )
1 Mt ni ra cu trc
6
7
8
9
10 Dng truyn
s thp
b) S cu to
8
2 Khp gi cu trc
3 BR s cao
4 Khp gi s cao
5 BR trung gian

4
5
11
12
13
s thp
11
6 Khp gi s thp
7 Trc ch ng
8 BR ch ng
9 BR gi ti

1
2
3
14
15
Dng truyn
s cao
Ra cu
sau
H
L
5
13
3
10 ng gi s thp
11 BR s thp
12 Trc trung gian
13 BR s thp
16
23
B vi
Ra cu
trc
LO
CK 3
G1 G2
14 V vi sai
15 Trc ra cu sau
16 BR ra cu sau
17 BR vi sai

16
17
18 19
20
21
`
22
23
sai
a) Mt ct cu trc
18 ng gi s cao
19 Vnh ma st ng tc
20 Vnh rng gi
21 Trc ra cu trc
22 ng gi trn cu trc
23 ng gi trn v vi sai
10.4. Hp phn phi
10.4.2. Cu to c vi sai tng ma st
?? Tc dng ph ca vi sai
?? Cch hn ch tc dng ph
g
M
vo M
1
2
3
vo
n
vo
M
Sra
n
Sra
R Ra cu sau
1 Trc ch ng
4
G2
M
Tra
g
2 B li hp
3 B vi sai cn
4 B truyn xch
n
Tra
Ra cu trc Ra cu trc
10.4. Hp phn phi
10.4.2. Cu to khp ni thy lc
?? M t cu to
?? Nguyn l lm vic
p y
?? u nhc im
10.4. Hp phn phi
10.4.3. iu khin hp s ph
?? Nguyn tc iu khin HSP
?? So snh vi c cu iu khin HS thng
?? Gii th h l i
p p
?? Gii thch s lm vic ca cc c cu
trn hnh
1 Trc trt gi cu trc 1. Trc trt gi cu trc,
2. Bi kho,
3. Trc trt gi s truyn,
a. V tr ca trc trt chuyn v y
mt phng m-m gi s cao,
b. V tr trung gian,
c. V tr gi s thp,
d V tr m cu trc d. V tr m cu trc,
e. V tr gi cu trc
1. Cn gi cu,
2. Cn gi s truyn,
3 B l h h 3. Bu lng hn ch,
4. Thanh ni dn ng gi s truyn,
5. Thanh ni dn ng gi cu
CHNG 11: CC NG V KHP NI
11.1. Chc nng, phn loi trc cc ng
?? Trn t, trc cc ng c s dng nhng u
?? Nhng trc c thay bng trc lin th c c khng ti sao ?? Nhng trc c thay bng trc lin th c c khng, ti sao
?? K cc loi trc cc ng trn t (theo cng dng, theo c im ng hc v theo kt cu)
11.2. Cc ng khc tc
Nguyn l v quan h ng hc cc ng khc tc
?? Gc nghing gia cc trc cc ng nh hng ti vn tc ntn
11.2. Cc ng khc tc
quan h ng hc cc ng khc tc
g
1
2
1
10
=45
o

2
-
1
[
o
]
0 90 180 270 360
O
10
5
0
5
15
o
30
o
0 90 180 270 360 5
10
1 4

2
/
1
=45
o
30
o
1,4
1,2
1,0
0,8
15
o
30
0 45 90 135 180
O
,
0,6
Cu to cc ng khc tc kiu Hook
11.2. Cc ng khc tc
Cu to cc ng khc tc kiu Hook
a. Cu to khp
b Cu to trc cc b. Cu to trc cc
ng
1 T h 1. Trc ch ng,
2. Nng trc,
3. Trc ch thp,
4. Nng trc b ng,
5. Cc bi kim,
6 Vng chn 6. Vng chn
?? T i t h i t d h ?? Ti sao trn hai on trc c du nh v
?? Thc t trn thn trc thng c hn ming thp nhm mc ch g
?? c im s dng cc ng khc tc kiu Hook
11.3. Cc ng ng tc
Nguyn l hnh thnh khp cc ng ng tc
?? Nhn xt g v tc hai bnh rng cn cng kch thc n khp vi nhau
?? Ti sao khng dng cp bnh rng n khp to khp cc ng ng tc ?? Ti sao khng dng cp bnh rng n khp to khp cc ng ng tc
?? V tr cc vin bi ntn
?? Cch no m bo v tr ca cc vin bi
11.3. Cc ng ng tc
S cu to khp cc ng ng tc kiu Bendix-Weise
?? c im s dng ca cc ng ny
11.3. Cc ng ng tc
Khp cc ng ng tc kiu Bendix-Weise
1
1. Trc vi nng ch ng
2. 4 vin bi truyn lc
3
2
y
3. Trc vi nng b ng
4. Bi v cht nh tm
5. Cc rnh cong cha bi

5
6. Dm cu (c nh)
7. Cht quay (tr ng)
8. Dm cu (quay)
9 M b h
4
5
8
7
9. Moay bnh xe
1
3
9
8
6
7
2
11.3. Cc ng ng tc
Khp cc ng ng tc kiu Bendix-Tracta
1. Trc ch ng
2 T b 2. Trc b ng
3, 4. Cam quay
=0
=45
o
=0
o
1 3 4 2
=45
o
45
=90
o
?? Khp cc ng loi ny c s dng u
11.3. Cc ng ng tc
Khp cc ng bi kiu Rzeppa
20
o
8
1 2
7
8
45
o
4
3
=40
o
4
5
6
9 x
Tm khp
2
9 8
1. Trc ch ng 2. su vin bi
3. V bao kn 4. Vng cch
5. ng dn bi 6,Trc b ng
7. Nng b ng 8. Rnh bi ngoi
9. Rnh bi trong
7
4 5
?? Khp cc ng loi ny c s dng u
Kh ki T i t
11.3. Cc ng ng tc
Khp cc ng kiu Tripot
?? Khp ny c hon ton ng tc khng
?? Khp cc ng loi ny c s dng u
11.4. Khp ni mm
?? So snh khp ni mm vi khp cc ng v:
kt cu - kt cu
- kh nng truyn lc,
- gc nghing trc cho php,
- ti trng ng trong h thng g g g g
?? Khp ni mm c s dng nhng loi xe no
CHNG 12: CU T
12.1. Phn loi, chc nng v cu to chung
?? Nu cc loi cu t
?? Phn tch cc chc nng ca t.
?? M t cu to chung ca mi loi cu t ?? M t cu to chung ca mi loi cu t
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
3
1
3
2
4
2
3 3
1
3 3
33
1
4 ?? Phn tch chc nng ca TLC trn t
2
g
?? Nu cc dng b TLC
?? Dng TLC no hin c s dng ph bin
?? Nu cc loi TLC bnh rng theo s cp b truyn
3
2
g p y
v phm vi s dng ca chng
1
2 2
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
1
E
1 2
a) bnh rng cn xon
1
b) bnh rng hypit c) bnh rng tr
?? Cc loi b truyn bnh rng c s dng trong TLC t
?? Phn tch u, nhc im ca cc loi bnh rng cn trong TLC
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
Truyn lc chnh n bnh rng cn
1
4
1. Trc ch ng
2. Bnh rng ch ng
2
5 5
7
g g
3. Bnh rng b ng
4. Cc trc ch ng
5. Cc trc b ng 5. Cc trc b ng
6. Bn trc
7. B vi sai
8 V cu
6 6 8
8. V cu
3
?? TLC trn hnh thuc loi no,
ng dng trn loi xe no
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
Truyn lc chnh n bnh rng tr
?? TLC trn hnh thuc loi no,
ng dng trn loi xe no
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
T l h h k Truyn lc chnh kp
3 3
1
1
5
4 4
2
3
3
5
?? Phn tch cc phng n b tr cc cp bnh rng ca TLC kp
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
T l h h k Truyn lc chnh kp
?? TLC trn hnh thuc loi no, ng dng trn loi xe no
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
T l h h k Truyn lc chnh kp
9 5
5
4
3
7
8
6
7
1
2 1
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
B t l t l h h B tr ln ca truyn lc chnh
?? Yu cu i vi vic b tr ln TLC ?? Yu cu i vi vic b tr ln TLC
?? Phn tch cc phng n b tr cho bnh
rng qu da
?? B tr ln trong TLC n bnh rng tr ntn ?? B tr ln trong TLC n bnh rng tr ntn
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
i h h t l h h iu chnh truyn lc chnh
?? V sao phi iu chnh TLC ?? V sao phi iu chnh TLC
?? Vn iu chnh TLC bnh rng tr
?? Nguyn tc iu chnh TLC
?? Yu cu khi iu chnh TLC ?? Yu cu khi iu chnh TLC
?? Cch iu chnh TLC
12.2. Truyn lc chnh
iu chnh truyn lc chnh iu chnh truyn lc chnh
?? Cch kim tra khe h n khp TLC p
?? Cch kim tra vt tip xc n khp
ca TLC
2 2
12.3. B vi sai
C d Cng dng
1 bnh e trong 2 bnh e ngoi
1
1
1. bnh xe trong, 2. bnh xe ngoi
1
2
1
5
3
4
1 B vi sai gia cc cu
2 trc xuyn thng
1 4
2 trc xuyn thng
3 Truyn lc chnh
4 Cu trung gian
5 Cu sau
1
?? Phn tch cng dng ca VS
5 Cu sau
12.3. B vi sai
Ph l i
- Theo s b tr v chc nng:
Phn loi
g
- Theo c im phn chia m men xon:
- Theo c im kt cu:
- Theo kh nng hn ch trt (kha vi sai):
?? Nu cc loi vi sai theo cc cch phn loi nu trn ?? Nu cc loi vi sai theo cc cch phn loi nu trn
?? Ti sao cn kha vi sai
12.3. B vi sai
B i i b h i
1- bnh rng vnh chu 2 7 - m t lng
B vi sai bnh rng cn i xng
1 bnh rng vnh chu, 2,7 m t lng
cc bnh rng, 3 - cc bnh rng bn trc,
4- cc bnh rng hnh tinh, 5 - v hp vi
sai, 6 - bulng, 8 - trc bnh rng vi sai (
y c dng ch thp)
?? Trnh by s lm vic ca b VS ny
?? Quan h ng hc v lc hc ca vi sai ny
12.3. B vi sai
Vi i i kh b
1
2
Vi sai gi kha cng bc
1. Bnh rng vnh chu
2. v vi sai
3. Nng gi cng bc
2
3
4. bn trc
5. ng gi di trt
6. Vnh rng
7 B h b
3
7. Bnh rng bn trc
5
4 4
6
7
?? Nguyn l lm vic ?? Nguyn l lm vic
?? c im lm vic
?? Phm vi s dng
?? Tc dng v tc dng ph ca vic kha vi sai ?? Tc dng v tc dng ph ca vic kha vi sai
?? Lu khi gi cng vi sai
12.3. B vi sai
Vi sai tng ma st Vi sai tng ma st
1. Vnh rng b ng ca truyn lc chnh, 2,3. Cc na v
hp vi sai, 4. Cc bnh rngtrc ra, 5. Cc bnh rng p g g
hnh tinh, 6. Trc ch thp, 7,8. m t lng ca cc
bnh rng, 9. Vng ma st ngoi, 10. Vng ma st trong.
?? Nguyn tc cu to tng ma st cho cc b vi sai
?? Nguyn l lm vic ?? Nguyn l lm vic
?? c im lm vic
12.3. B vi sai
Vi sai tng ma st dng khp ma st nht
1 4 C b h t
Vi sai tng ma st dng khp ma st nht
1,4. Cc bnh rng trc ra,
2. bnh rng hnh tinh,
3. Trc ra, 5. Pht du,
6. V ngoi, 7. V trong,
8. Vng trong ca khp ma
st, 9.Vng cch, , g ,
10. Vng ngoi ca khp
ma st, 11.Khong khng
cha du cha du.
?? Nguyn l lm vic
?? i l i ?? c im lm vic
12.3. B vi sai
Vi sai cam
Vi i l i i i Vi sai cam c loi vi sai
cam hng knh v vi sai
cam hng trc, c loi
t h h i d mt hay hai dy.
1 - vng cch; 2- con trt;
3, 4 - Cc vnh cam ngoi v vnh trong
?? Nguyn l lm vic
?? Vi sai ny thuc loi no ?? Vi sai ny thuc loi no
?? Phm vi ng dng
12.3. B vi sai
Vi sai bt i xng
?? Nguyn l lm vic
?? Q h h l h i i ?? Quan h ng hc v lc hc ca vi sai ny
?? Phm vi s dng
12.4. Bn trc
Cng dng v phn loi Cng dng v phn loi
?? Nu cng dng v cc loi bn trc trn t
Bn trc lin
?? Phn tch kt cu bn trc lin
?? Phm vi s dngg
?? Nhn xt g v chiu di cc bn trc trn mt cu.
?? Ti sao c cp bn trc di ngn khc nhau.
?? c im lm vic khi hai bn trc c di khc nhau
?? Bin php kt cu hn ch nhc im do hai bn trc c di khc nhau
12.4. Bn trc
Bn trc lin Bn trc lin
S a: bn trc khng g
gim ti.
Bn trc chu nhng lc v
m men no? m men no?
S b: bn trc gim ti
1/2.
Bn trc chu nhng lc v
m men no? m men no?
12.4. Bn trc
Bn trc lin Bn trc lin
S c: bn trc gim g
ti 3/4.
Bn trc chu nhng ti
trng no?? trng no??
S d: bn trc gim ti
hon ton.
Bn trc ny chu ti
trng no? trng no?
12.4. Bn trc
Bn trc lin
1
2 1
3
Bn trc lin
1
2
3
4
7
4
5
1. vnh bnh xe
2. tang trng phanh
3. cu bt bnh xe
5
7 3. cu bt bnh xe
4. ln
5. Bn trc
6. Dm cu
7 b t
6
9
6
8
1
7. cu u bn trc
8. cu hm moay
9. mt bch bn trc
10. Moay
a) bn trc
b) bn trc
6
1
0
0
10. Moay
a) bn trc
gim ti 1/2
b) bn trc
gim ti 3/4
c) bn trc gim ti hon ton
?? T hi t h b h ?? Tm hiu ng truyn m men ch ng n bnh xe
?? Trnh by trnh t tho moay- bnh xe
12.4. Bn trc
Bn trc ghp Bn trc ghp
1- cu u trc
2- ln kp
8 7
2- ln kp
3,6- Khp cc ng
4- Thn trc truyn
5- B vi sai
5 6
9
Cu xe
5 B vi sai
4
1
2
3
6- Thn xe
7- Gi
8- Vnh bnh xe
1
8 Vnh bnh xe
9- Moay
?? c im chu ti ca loi bn trc ny
12.4. Bn trc
Bn trc ghp Bn trc ghp
?? Phn tch phng n b tr bn trc nh trn hnh v
12.4. Bn trc
C cu tch/ni bn trc ghp C cu tch/ni bn trc ghp
?? ngha ca vic tch ni bn trc
12.5. Dm cu
?? Ph t h h d ?? Phn tch chc nng ca dm cu
?? Cc loi dm cu t v c im ca mi loi
?? Phn tch kt cu cc dm cu trn hnh v
12.6. Cu dn hng
?? Chc nng ca cu dn hng
?? Cu to chung ca cu dn hng
?? Trn hnh v l loi cu g ?? Trn hnh v l loi cu g
12.6. Cu dn hng
?? Phn tch kt cu ca cu trn hnh v
12.6. Cu dn hng
Cu to ca cu b ng dn hng
a) h thng treo ph thuc, b) h thng treo c lp
1 - dm cu b ng, 2 - ngng trc bnh xe dn
hng, 3 - moay- bnh xe, 4 - n ngang h g y g g
thng treo, 5,6-cc khp cu, A - tr ng (v tr
ng gi tng)
?? Phn tch kt cu ca cc cu trn hnh v

CHNG 13: H THNG TREO
13.1. Chc nng, yu cu, cu to chung v phn loi
?? H thng treo l g
?? Khi lng c treo v
khng c treo
?? nh hng ca khi
lng khng c treo n
tnh m du chuyn ng
ca xe ca xe
?? Phn tch cng dng ca
HTT
?? Phn tch cc yu cu
h thng treo
13.1. Chc nng, yu cu, cu to chung v phn loi (t)
?? Phn tch cc yu cu h thng treo
?? HTT gm nhng b phn no, nhim v ca mi b phn
?? Nu cc loi HTT m anh/chi bit ?? Nu cc loi HTT m anh/chi bit
1 Thn xe 1. Thn xe,
2. B phn n hi,
3. B phn gim chn,
4 D 4. Dm cu,
5. Cc n lin kt
13.2. H thng treo ph thuc
?? Phn tch cc c im v nhn xt v phm vi ng dng ca HTT ph
thuc
?? c im kt cu ca HTT trn hnh v
?? c im lm vic HTT trn hnh v
1. Dm cu,
2. Nhp l,
3.Quang treo,
4. C cu phanh,
5 gim chn 5.gim chn,
6. Khp tr
13.2. H thng treo ph thuc (t)
?? c im kt cu ca HTT trn hnh
?? So snh vi h thng treo trang trc (hnh nh)
13.2. H thng treo ph thuc (t)
?? Cc c im kt cu ca h thng treo ny
?? Cc c im lm vic ca HTT ny
1. Gim chn,
2. Quang treo,
3. n truyn lc bn,
4. hn ch bin dao ng,
5. Dm cu,
6. Khp tr,
7. Nhp l.
13.2. H thng treo ph thuc (t)
?? c im kt cu ca HTT ny
?? c im lm vic ca HTT ny
1 n dc 1. n dc,
2. n truyn lc bn
13.2. H thng treo ph thuc (t)
?? c im kt cu v c im lm vic ca HTT ny
1. n dc trn,
2. n bn,
3. n dc di
13.2. H thng treo ph thuc (t)
?? c im kt cu v c im lm vic ca HTT ny
?? Phn tch tc dng ca thanh cn bng
?? Ch g khi kch nng cu xe ny
1. n dc,
2 Dm cu mm 2. Dm cu mm
3. Thanh cn bng (n nh)
13.2. H thng treo ph thuc cn bng
h/2 h=0
h
+h/2
-h/2 h
?? u im ca h thng treo ph thuc cn bng
13.3. H thng treo c lp
?? c im ca h thng treo c lp
McPherson
2 n ngang
n cho
n dc
13.3. H thng treo c lp
H thng treo c lp hai n ngang
?? c im kt cu ca HTT trn hnh ?? c im kt cu ca HTT trn hnh
13.3. H thng treo c lp
H thng treo c lp hai n ngang
13.3. H thng treo c lp
H thng treo c lp hai n ngang
?? So snh hai loi HTT trn hnh
H thng treo MACPHERSON
13.3. H thng treo c lp
H thng treo MACPHERSON
?? c im kt cu ca loi HTT ny
?? Ti sao b tr l xo lch tm
Shock absorber
C il i Coil spring
Stabilizer bar
(Anti-roll bar)
Drive shaft
1. Lc va p, 2. Trc bnh xe,
3. Ti trng thng ng,
Tie rod
g g g
4. Phn lc do b tr l xo lch tm,
5. V ngoi gim chn,
6. Piston gim chn,
L type
lower arm
6. Piston gim chn,
7. Gi dn hng cn piston,
8. Cn piston gim chn.
13.3. H thng treo c lp
H thng treo n dc
?? c im ca loi HTT ny
1. Thn xe,
2. L xo,
3. Gim chn,
4. Bnh xe,
5. n dc, 5. n dc,
6. Khp quay ca n
dc
13.3. H thng treo c lp
H thng treo n dc c thanh lin
kt ngang
?? c im ca loi HTT ny
1. Bnh xe,,
2. Khp quay ca n dc,
3. n dc,
4 Th 4. Thn xe,
5. L xo,
6. Gim chn,
7. Thanh ngang lin kt
13.3. H thng treo c lp
H thng treo n cho
?? c im ca loi HTT ny
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
B phn n hi Nhp l
?? Cu to ca nhp
?? Nhn xt v cch lp ghp nhp vi khung xe ?? Nhn xt v cch lp ghp nhp vi khung xe
??c im ca nhp
?? Phm vi ng dng
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
B phn n hi L xo xon c
??c im ca l xo
?? Phm vi ng dng ?? Phm vi ng dng
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
?? c im ca thanh xon
B phn n hi Thanh xon
?? Phm vi ng dng
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
??c im ca cao su
B phn n hi cao su
?? Phm vi ng dng
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
??c im ca ti kh
B phn n hi Ti kh
?? Phm vi ng dng
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
?? Cng dng ca gim chn

B phn gim chn
?? Nguyn tc cu to v lm vic chung
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
?? Nu cc loi gim chn

B phn gim chn

?? c tnh gim chn
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
B phn gim chn 2 lp v
?? Ti sao gim chn ny cn 2 lp v
?? Nguyn l lm vic
1 Bc dn hng trc 2 L du bi trn trc 1. Bc dn hng trc, 2. L du bi trn trc,
3. Pht lm kn, 4. V chn bi, 5. Cn piston,
6. Piston v cm van, 7. V trong, 8. V ngoi,
9. Cm van b
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
?? Ti sao gim chn ny cn c bung kh 3
B phn gim chn 1 lp v
?? Nguyn l lm vic
?? So snh gim chn 1 lp v vi gim chn 2 lp v
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
B phn gim chn c kh nng iu chnh c tnh
13.3. Cc chi tit in hnh ca h thng treo
B phn dn hng
?? Cc yu cu i vi b phn dn hng
?? Vt liu thng dng
?? Phng php ch to thng dng
Lower arm
bushing (B)
Lower arm
bushing (A)
Lower arm ball joint (spring type)
13.4. H thng treo t ng iu chnh cng
CHNG 14: H THNG LI
Cng dng
14.1. Chc nng, yu cu, cu to chung v phn loi
Cng dng
H thng li ca t l h thng dng iu khin hng chuyn ng ca t
bng cch quay thng qua vnh li.
Yu cu c bn ca h thng li
- m bo kh nng quay vng ngot v n nh m bo kh nng quay vng ngot v n nh.
- m bo ng hc quay vng tt.
- m bo iu khin chnh xc, lc v hnh trnh iu khin t l vi mc
quay vng ca t v nm trong gii hn cho php. q y g g g p p
- m bo cc bnh xe dn hng c kh nng t n nh cao.
- Gim c cc va p t bnh xe dn hng truyn ln vnh li.
- Bnh xe dn hng phi c ng hc ng yu cu ca h thng li v h g p g g y g
thng treo.
?? T i th i khi h b h b h d h ?? Ti sao c th iu khin hng c ca xe bng cch quay bnh xe dn hng
?? Phn tch cc yu cu i vi h thng li
14.1. Chc nng, yu cu, cu to chung v phn loi
Cu to chung ca h thng li t Cu to chung ca h thng li t
?? Cu to chung ca HTL gm
?? C cu li thc cht l g ?? C cu li thc cht l g
?? Tc dng ca c cu li
1
14.1. Chc nng, yu cu, cu to chung v phn loi
Cu to chung ca
h thng li t
2
1- vnh li
2- trc li
3- C cu li
2
3
4
4- n quay ng
5- n ko dc
6- n quay ngang
3
4
7 12
7- Tr xoay ng
8- n bn
9- n ngang
10 D
5
12
10- Dm cu
11- Trc quay bnh xe
12- Bnh xe
6
11
11
8
9 10
8
?? H dn ng li gm nhng chi tt no
14.1. Chc nng, yu cu, cu to chung v phn loi
Phn loi
?? Nu cc loi h thng li: ?? Nu cc loi h thng li:
- Theo phng php chuyn hng t:
- Theo s lng cu dn hng :
Th t li - Theo cu to ca c cu li:
- Theo cu to ca tr lc dn ng li:
- Theo b tr vnh li:
14.2. ng hc h thng li
Cc trng thi quay vng ca t
S quay vng ca t rt phc tp, tnh n nh hng chuyn ng ca t
rt nhy cm vi trng thi quay vng ca t.
?? Nu cc trng thi quay vng ca t ?? Nu cc trng thi quay vng ca t
?? Trng thi quay vng no nguy him nht
?? Trng thi quay vng no thng xy ra nht
S cc phng n b tr bnh xe dn hng c bn
14.2. ng hc h thng li
S cc phng n b tr bnh xe dn hng c bn
O
O
O
v
v
O
b)
P
a)
P
b)
O O
O O
v
O
O
v
O O
P
d)
?? c im v phm vi ng dng ca mi phng n b tr
P
c)
d)
14.2. ng hc h thng li
Quan h ng hc ca bnh xe dn hng
cotg cotg = B0 / L cotg - cotg = B0 / L
B0 l khong cch gia hai tm tr ng trong mt phng i qua tm trc
bnh xe v song song vi mt ng; bnh xe v song song vi mt ng;
L l chiu di c s ca xe).
?? Gii thch quan h trn
?? Kt cu no m bo quan h trn
14.2. ng hc h thng li
Quan h ng hc ca bnh xe dn hng
?? c im v phm vi ng dng ca cc phng n b tr hnh thang li
14.2. ng hc h thng li
Gc t bnh xe dn hng
- Gc nghing ngang ca bnh xe ().
- Gc chm ca bnh xe ().
- Gc nghing ngang ca tr ng () v bn knh quay bnh xe quanh tr
ng (r0).
- Gc nghing dc ca tr ng ().
?? iu kin xc nh cc
thng s trn
14.2. ng hc h thng li
Gc t bnh xe dn hng
Gc nghing ngang ca bnh xe ().
Gc t bnh xe dn hng
Nu phn trn ca bnh xe ca bnh xe
nghing ra ngoi th ta quy c l > 0
v ngc li.
?? Tc dng ca gc nghing
ngang bnh xe dng v m.
14.2. ng hc h thng li

Gc chm ca bnh xe ().

Gc t bnh xe dn hng
= arcsin((B-A)/dv).
A, B l cc kch thc nh trn hnh;
dv l ng knh ngoi ca vnh bnh dv l ng knh ngoi ca vnh bnh
xe.
Trong thc t thng ly hiu V = B - A Trong thc t thng ly hiu V = B - A
xc nh chm.
chm dng nu hai bnh xe t chm dng nu hai bnh xe t
chm v pha trc v ngc li.
A
Front
B
?? Tc dng ca chm dng v m
14.2. ng hc h thng li
Gc t bnh xe dn hng
Gc nghing ngang ca tr ng () v bn knh quay bnh xe quanh tr ng (r0).
G hi t l l bi h h hi th
Gc t bnh xe dn hng
Gc nghing ngang ca tr ng l gc xc lp bi hnh chiu thng gc ca
ng tm tr ng trn mt phng ct ngang xe i qua tm trc bnh xe v phng
thng ng.
Gc c gi l dng nu u trn tr ng nghing vo pha trong xe v ngc
li l gi m.
Steering axis
Upper ball joint
g
Upper ball joint
Lower ball joint
14.2. ng hc h thng li

Gc nghing ngang ca tr ng () v bn knh quay bnh xe quanh tr ng (r0).

Gc t bnh xe dn hng
Bn knh quay bnh xe quanh tr ng r0 l khong cch t vt ca ng tm tr
ng trn mt phng ng n mt phng i xng dc ca bnh xe.
?? Tc dng ca gc nghing
ngang ca tr ng () v bn ngang ca tr ng () v bn
knh quay bnh xe quanh tr
ng (r0).
14.2. ng hc h thng li
- Gc nghing dc ca tr ng ()
Negative Positive
Gc t bnh xe dn hng
- Gc nghing dc ca tr ng ().
Gc nghing dc ca tr ng () l gc xc
nh trong mt phng dc ca xe to bi hnh
Caster
nh trong mt phng dc ca xe to bi hnh
chiu thng gc ca tr ng trn mt phng
v phng thng ng.
Front
Gc gi l dng nu pha trn ng tm tr
ng li v pha sau, ngc li l m.
?? Tc dng ca gc
14.3. C cu li
Cc thng s c bn ca c cu li
- t s truyn (ng hc v lc hc), y ( g ),
- hiu sut (thun v nghch)
- khe h cho php gia cc chi tit n
khp ca c cu li (n quyt nh d
vnh li).

?? ngha ca t s truyn c cu li
?? Gi tr cc hiu sut ca CCL nh hng ti s lm vic ca h thng ntn

vl
?? Gi tr cc hiu sut ca CCL nh hng ti s lm vic ca h thng ntn
?? Bn cht ca d vnh li
?? Quy lut bin i ca d vnh li theo gc quay vnh li ntn l hp l
14.3. C cu li
C cu li bnh rng thanh rng
Universal joint
Pinion
?? c im v phm vi ng dng
li l i
R k
ca c cu li loi ny
?? Cch iu chnh c cu li ny
Rack
C li t t lbit l
14.3. C cu li
C cu li trc vt glbit - con ln
1. Trc ch ng, 2. V c
cu, 3,7. m iu chnh trc
vt, 4,6. Vng ngoi ln,
5. Trc vt lm, 8,19. Np c
cu, 9. Trc con ln,
10 C l 11 T b 10. Con ln, 11. Trc b ng,
12. m vnh, 13,22. Pht
lm kn, 14. Bc trc b ng,
15 V h 16 B l 15. Vng hm, 16. Bulng
iu chnh, 17. cu hm,
18. Nt du, 20. n quay
ng 21 cu ng, 21. cu
?? c im v phm vi ng dng ca
c cu li loi ny
?? Cch iu chnh c cu li ny
14.3. C cu li
C cu li trc vt cu bi - thanh rng bnh rng
14.3. C cu li
C cu li trc vt cu bi - thanh rng bnh rng
1. n quay
ng, 7. Bnh
rng r qut,
8. cu (thanh
rng), 11. ln
ca trc vt,
12. Trc vt,
13,15. ng dn
bi, 14. Bi,
16 Nt d 16. Nt du,
22. Bulng iu
chnh bnh rng r
qut qut.
?? c im v phm vi ng dng ca loi c cu li ny
?? Cch iu chnh c cu li ny

14.4. Dn ng li
H dn ng li phi m bo ng hc ng ca cc bnh xe dn hng,
m bo d vnh li nh, gim c cc lc va p truyn t cc bnh xe
dn hng ln vnh li, vnh li b tr ph hp vi ngi li v m bo an ton
th ng cho ngi li.
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng li t c cu li n bnh xe dn hng
Hnh thang li
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng li t c cu li n bnh xe dn hng
Hnh thang li
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng li t c cu li n bnh xe dn hng
Hnh thang li Hnh thang li
?? c im lm vic ca cc s
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng li t c cu li n bnh xe dn hng
?? Phn tch ng hc cc phng n b tr h thng ny
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng li t c cu li n bnh xe dn hng
n ngang bn
n ngang bn ni n ngang (hoc thanh rng) vi n bn ca h dn ng.
?? iu chnh chm bnh xe dn hng bng cch no
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng li t c cu li n bnh xe dn hng
Khp cu
Cc khp ni gia cc n ca h thng li dng khp c (tr khp bn l Cc khp ni gia cc n ca h thng li u dng khp cu (tr khp bn l
ti tr ng).
?? Tc dng ca l xo
?? iu chnh khp ntn
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng t vnh li n c cu li
Dn ng li t vnh li n c cu li gm c trc li truyn m men v g g y
chuyn ng ca vnh li n c cu li v v trc li trc li.
Trc li thng gm cc on trc ni vi nhau bng cc khp cacng.
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng t vnh li n c cu li
V tr vnh li
?? Ti sao cn thay i v tr vnh li
14.4. Dn ng li
V tr vnh li
C cu iu chnh v tr vnh li dc theo trc li C cu iu chnh v tr vnh li dc theo trc li
.
1. Trc chnh, 1. Trc chnh,
2. ng trc trt,
3. Trc trt,
4 Vt hn ch 4. Vt hn ch,
5. Cht hm,
6. Gi
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng t vnh li n c cu li
C cu an ton th ng cho ngi li
?? An ton th ng l g
14.4. Dn ng li
Dn ng t vnh li n c
cu li
C t th h C cu an ton th ng cho
ngi li
4 4 4
14.5. Tr lc li
1
2
1
1
3 2
3
2
3
2
3
a) b) c)
4
4
a) b) c)
a CCL, VPP, XLL t chung
b CCL, VPP, t chung
1
2
3
1
3
g
c VPP, XLL t chung
d CCL, XLL t chung
e CCL, VPP, XLL t ring
1 C cu li
2
3
2
d) e)
2 Xi lanh lc
3 Van phn phi
4 Bm tr lc
d) e)
?? Tc dng ca tr lc li
?? Cc dng tr lc li trn t. Dng no ph bin nht (hin nay v tng lai) g g p ( y g )
?? Cu to chung ca h thng tr lc li
?? Phng n b tr no trn y c s dng ph bin hin nay

14.5. Tr lc li
S nguyn l chung ca h thng tr lc li thu lc.
BM
BNH CHA
V1 V2 V1 V2
V3 V4 V3 V4
?? H thng lm vic ntn
H thng tr lc van trt
14.5. Tr lc li
H thng tr lc van trt
Khi t chy thng, vnh li v tr trung gian, con trt cng v tr trung
gian, h thng khng thc hin cng ho gian, h thng khng thc hin cng ho
H th t l t t
14.5. Tr lc li
H thng tr lc van trt
Khi quay vng sang phi
14.5. Tr lc li
H thng tr lc van trt
Khi quay vng sang tri
H thng tr lc van trt
14.5. Tr lc li
H thng tr lc van trt
1. Thn van

11
12
2. ng du cao p
3. ng du hi
4. Con trt
5 Bnh xe CCL
5
3
2
11
5. Bnh xe
6. n dc
7. L xo nh tm
8. Pit tng lc

CCL
c
d
6
5
4
1
9,10. ng ng dn
11. Bm du
12- Bnh cha
CCL- C cu li
VPP
a b
7
8
7
6
A
CCL- C cu li
VPP- Van phn phi
XLL- Xi lanh lc
XLL
9
10
B
?? H thng lm vic ntn khi vnh li v tr trung gian, khi quay phi/tri
?? nhy ca h thng tr lc
?? Gii thch tnh ty ng ?? Gii thch tnh ty ng
?? Khi bm hng, h thng lm vic ntn
?? Ti sao ni h thng tr lc li gip tng tnh an ton ca t
14.5. Tr lc li
H thng tr lc van trt
H thng tr lc van xoay
14.5. Tr lc li
H thng tr lc van xoay
Piston sinh lc cng ho chnh l thanh rng 3, xylanh l thn c cu li. Van
phn phi gm v van c nh vi trc vt 19 ca c cu li, thn van 10 ni vi
u trn ca thanh xon n hi 11, c th quay theo u trn ca thanh xon u trn ca thanh xon n hi 11, c th quay theo u trn ca thanh xon
11. u di ca thanh xon ni vi trc vt 19.
Ni B
T bm n
Ni B
Ni A
Ni A
T bm n
Vo li VPP
Ni B
Ni B
Ni A Ni A
V2
Ni B
Pit tng
Ni A
T bm n
V1
Xi lanh lc
A B
?? H thng lm vic ntn khi
vnh li v tr trung gian
Ni B
T bm n
14.5. Tr lc li
H thng tr lc van xoay
Ni A
Ni A
Ni A
T bm n
Ni B
Ni B
Ni A
Ni B
Ni A
T bm n
V4 V3
?? Tnh ty ng ntn
?? Nu tr lc hng, h thng
Ni B
lm vic ntn
?? nhy ca h thng do chi
tit no quyt nh
?? B d t l
Bung A Bung B
?? Bm du tr lc nn c
iu khin ntn h thng lm vic
tt nht
14.6. H thng li nhiu cu dn hng
?? u im ca HTL nhiu
cu dn hng so vi HTL cu dn hng so vi HTL
ch 1 cu trc dn hng
14.6. H thng li nhiu cu dn hng
C cu iu khin bnh xe dn hng pha sau kiu c kh
(ca t Honda Prelude 4WS)
?? Nguyn l lm vic
14.6. H thng li nhiu cu dn hng
H thng li 4WS dng c cu iu khin H thng li 4WS dng c cu iu khin
gc quay bnh xe dn hng pha sau
kiu c kh - in t - thu lc.
?? Nguyn l lm vic
14.7. H thng li tch cc
?? HTL tch cc l g g
HW: Xc nh quan h ng hc v
lc hc ca c cu li trn hnh v
14.8. H thng li bng dy
?? HTL bng dy l g
CHNG 15: H THNG PHANH
Chc nng
15.1. Chc nng, yu cu, phn loi
Chc nng
- iu khin chuyn ng ca t n mt tc no (c th
i t b 0 h i h t kh i khi d ) gim n tc bng 0 hoc gi cho tc khng i khi xung dc)
- Gi cho xe (khi t, c bit l trn dc)
Yu cu c bn ca h thng phanh
-C hiu qu phanh cao v n nh. q p
- M men phanh phn b trn cc cu xe (bnh xe) hp l.
- Phanh m du
- m bo tin cy nhy cao m bo tin cy, nhy cao.
- D iu khin, iu chnh v chm sc, sa cha.
?? Phn tch cc yu cu ca HTP ?? Phn tch cc yu cu ca HTP
15.1. Chc nng, yu cu, phn loi
Phn loi h thng phanh t:
g y p
?? Nu cc loi h thng phanh theo:
- Theo mc ch s dng:
- Theo kt cu c cu phanh: eo t cu c cu p a
- Theo phng php dn ng phanh:
- Theo c cu iu khin:
?? Nh t h i d l i h th h h ?? Nhn xt g v phm vi s dng ca cc loi h thng phanh
15.2. Cu to chung ca h thng phanh
h thng phanh du
?? Ni b tr c cu phanh, xi lanh chnh, bn p phanh
?? Nguyn l lm vic chung
15.2. Cu to chung ca h thng phanh
H thng phanh khi nn
a Ngun cung cp:
1. My nn kh

4 5
2. B iu chnh p sut
3. B lc nc, lm kh
kh

2 a) 3
6
4. Cm van chia v bo
v
5.6 Cc Bnh cha kh

6
1
nn
b Cm iu khin:
7. Van phn phi hai dng
c C cu chp hnh:
7
b) d)
c C cu chp hnh:
8. Bu phanh v c cu
phanh trc
9 Bu phanh v c cu
8
c)
9
9. Bu phanh v c cu
phanh sau
d Cc ng ng dn kh
?? Nguyn l lm vic chung
?? So snh HTP du vi HTP kh nn
15.3. C cu phanh
C cu phanh tang trng
1. Tang trng
4. Cht ta
2 L hi 2. L xo hi v
6. Mm phanh
3,5. Guc phanh p
7. M phanh
8. Xylanh cng tc
?? Chc nng ca c cu phanh
?? Nguyn tc chung to ra m men phanh ?? Nguyn tc chung to ra m men phanh
?? Cc loi c cu phanh thng gp trn t
?? Trng phanh, mm phanh ghp ni vi chi tit no?
?? N l l i ?? Nguyn l lm vic
?? M men phanh do hai guc phanh sinh ra c bng nhau khng
15.3. C cu phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cc kiu c cu phanh tang trng
i t b i t d b i d T h
a) b) c) d) e)
a- i xng qua trc b- i xng qua tm c- dng bi d, e- T cng ha
?? So snh c im lm vic v phm vi ng dng ca cc loi c cu phanh nu trn
C h h t t C ki h h t t
15.3. C cu phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cc kiu c cu phanh tang trng
?? y l kiu CCP g
?? Tc dng ca cc chi ?? Tc dng ca cc chi
tit 7, 11,12

15.3. C cu phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cc kiu c cu phanh tang trng
?? y l kiu CCP g

15.3. C cu phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cc kiu c cu phanh tang trng
?? y l kiu CCP g y g

15.3. C cu phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
Trng phanh
1- vnh bnh xe,
2- moay bnh xe,
3- bn trc 4- ai c 3- bn trc, 4- ai c
hm bnh xe, 5- ln,
6- v cu, 7- bu lng
bnh xe, 8- tang trng bnh xe, 8 tang trng
ca c cu phanh,
9- bu lng ghp moay
vi bn trc
c) b)
a)
?? Yu cu i vi trng phanh
?? Phn tch kt cu trng phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
15.3. C cu phanh
Guc phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
a) b) c)
?? Phn tch kt cu guc phanh
C cu phanh tang trng:
15.3. C cu phanh
C i h h kh h i
C cu phanh tang trng:
Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
C cu iu chnh khe h gia m
phanh v trng phanh
?? Ti sao cn iu chnh khe h m phanh-trng phanh ?? Ti sao cn iu chnh khe h m phanh trng phanh
?? C cu iu chnh c b tr u
?? Quy trnh iu chnh khe h
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
15.3. C cu phanh
C cu iu chnh khe h gia m phanh v trng phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
1. Cht y
2. Cao su lm kn
3
3. Pit tng v vnh rng
4. Pht bao kn
5. Xi lanh
8 l hi
2 3 4 5
5
8. l xo hi v
1
2 3 4 5
8
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
15.3. C cu phanh
C cu iu chnh khe h gia m phanh v trng phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
g p g p
1,4. Cc cht ta guc phanh , g p
2,3. Cc ai c iu chnh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
15.3. C cu phanh
C cu iu chnh khe h gia m phanh v trng phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
?? Nguyn l hot ng
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
15.3. C cu phanh
Xy lanh cng tc ca c cu phanh
C cu phanh tang trng: Cu to mt s chi tit chnh
?? c im v phm vi ng dng ca mi loi xy lanh trn y
C cu phanh a
15.3. C cu phanh
1. Gi c nh
2 l l
C cu phanh a
1
T cng ha
i xng
10
2. l xo l
3. Cht trt
4. Gi di ng
5 m phanh
2
i xng
qua trc
g
qua tm
8
6
H
s
m
5. m phanh
6. a phanh
6
4
men
M
p
3
4
a
0 0 2 0 4 0 6
2
0

5
6
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0
= 0,30 = 0,38
?? a phanh/gi c nh ghp vi chi tit no
?? u nhc im ca c cu phanh a so vi c cu phanh tang trng
C cu phanh a
15.3. C cu phanh
C cu phanh a
?? Phn bit 2 loi c cu ?? Phn bit 2 loi c cu
phanh a trn hnh bn
C cu phanh a
15.3. C cu phanh
a phanh
C cu phanh a
a) b) c) d)
?? Yu cu i vi a phanh
?? Ph h k h h ?? Phn tch kt cu a phanh
?? So snh cc dng a phanh nu trn
C cu phanh a
15.3. C cu phanh
M phanh
1 2 2 1
C cu phanh a
44
1- Xng thp 3- Tm lt
2- m phanh 4- Rnh nh
3
2 m phanh 4 Rnh nh
?? Yu cu i vi m phanh p
?? Phn tch kt cu m phanh
C cu phanh a
15.3. C cu phanh
M phanh: C cu
bo mn ht m
C cu phanh a
bo mn ht m
phanh.
?? Tn hiu bo mn
pht ra ntn
C cu phanh a
15.3. C cu phanh
C cu t ng
iu chnh m
C cu phanh a
iu chnh m
phanh v a
phanh
a) b) a) b)
h h h ?? Gii thch s hi v ca pt tng v
t ng iu chnh khe h ph phanh-
a phanh
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Cc kiu dn ng iu khin phanh
- Dn ng bng c kh.
- Dn ng bng thy lc c hoc khng c tr lc. g g y g
- Dn ng bng kh nn.
- Dn ng kt hp thy lc kh nn .
B tr dn ng iu khin phanh trn t c th l dn ng 1 dng hay dn
ng 2 dng.
Cht lng dn ng iu khin phanh:
- c hoc khng c b iu chnh lc phanh,
h kh b h h b h khi h h (ABS) - c hoc khng c b chng hm cng bnh xe khi phanh (ABS).
?? Phm vi ng dng ca cc kiu dn ng phanh k trn
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
H thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
?? c im ca h thng dn ng phanh bng cht lng
?? T d 2 d 2 h l ?? Trong dn ng 2 dng, 2 ngun cht lng c to ra ntn
?? c im ca cc dng b tr h thng dn ng phanh nu trn

15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
H thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
Xy lanh chnh 1 bung
h thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
h thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
Xy lanh chnh 2 bung
1. Cng tc in 2. Phao mc du 3. l g
b du 4. Pit tng s cp 5. Pht che
bi 6,10,17. Pht kn 7. Pht hi du
8. L xo 9. Pit tng gia 11. Pit tng

1
1
th cp 12. Cht chn 13. Cht
14. Van b du 15. Thn xi lanh
16. L xo 18. Bnh du 2 ngn
2
1
8
3
1
7
Mt p sut bung I
4 9
15 16
I II x
x
6 5 7
8
10 11 12 13 14
I II x
6 5 7
10 11 12 13 14
Mt p sut bung II
x
?? Nguyn l lm vic
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
h thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
Xy lanh chnh 2 bung Xy lanh chnh 2 bung
1. Np sau xylanh, 2. Thn xylanh, 3. Piston th cp, 4. Piston s cp,
5. Pht lm kn, 6. Cht hn ch hnh trnh ca piston, 7. L xo hi v
piston, 8. L xo pht lm kn, 9. Vnh chn pht lm kn.
?? Trnh by NLLV
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
H thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
Xy lanh chnh 2 bung
?? Bung no ni vi c
cu phanh loi no v c
im no khc nhau gia im no khc nhau gia
hai dng du ?
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
H thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
B tr lc phanh
2
1
3
9
4 5
7
6
8
1.Bn p 2. b tr lc
3. Xi lanh chnh 4. a phanh
5,9. Xi lanh bnh xe 6. m
?? Tc dng ca b tr lc phanh
?? Nguyn tc ca b tr lc phanh
phanh 7. tang trng
8.Guc phanh
?? Nguyn tc ca b tr lc phanh
?? Cc loi tr lc phanh thng gp trn t
?? Ngun nng lng tr lc thng gp trn t
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
h thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
B tr lc phanh:
?? Cu to ca b tr lc chn khng
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
h thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
B tr lc phanh:
?? Khi khng phanh b tr lc trng thi ntn
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
h thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
B tr lc phanh: B tr lc phanh:
?? Khi phanh b tr lc hot ng ntn
?? Tnh by tnh ty ng
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
H thng dn ng iu khin phanh bng thy lc
B iu chnh lc phanh
B iu chnh lc phanh iu chnh
G
1
G
2
B iu chnh lc phanh iu chnh
p sut du n cc c cu phanh
m bo c c m men phanh
t i i ki h h
G
1
G
2
tng ng vi iu kin phanh.
?? ngha ca b iu chnh lc phanh
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
B iu chnh lc phanh
B iu chnh lc phanh theo mt thng s
g g p
B iu chnh lc phanh theo mt thng s
p2
p1
?? Khi khng phanh, van v tr ntn
?? Khi phanh tng dn, van v tr
ntn dng du ntn ntn, dng du ntn
?? Khi thi phanh, van v tr ntn,
dng du ntn
p sut
ra bnh
sau
Khi ti
trng ln
15.3. H thng dn ng
iu khin phanh
B iu chnh lc phanh
B i h h l h h th h i th
Khi ti
iu khin phanh
B iu chnh lc phanh theo hai thng s
p sut ra bnh trc
trng ln
p
?? Ti sao b iu chnh ny c ?? Ti sao b iu chnh ny c
c tnh nh hnh v
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
B chng hm cng bnh xe khi phanh (ABS)
B ABS thc hin iu chnh p sut ra cc c cu phanh ca cc bnh xe bnh xe B ABS thc hin iu chnh p sut ra cc c cu phanh ca cc bnh xe bnh xe
khng b trt khi phanh.
L
F
Lc
dc (F)
Lc
ngang
1 2
p sut du t
p sut du phanh
ngang
(Y)
Y
Vng
lm
i
3
4
xi lanh chnh ti
Tn hiu o
vic
ca
ABS
?? Bnh xe b trt lt nh hng n qu trnh phanh ntn

trt
?? ngha ca ABS i vi qu trnh phanh t
?? Nguyn l lm vic chung ca HT
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
B chng hm cng bnh xe khi
2
3 4
phanh (ABS)
5
6
1. Vnh rng
2 Cm bin tc
Tng p
7 8
1
9
2. Cm bin tc
3. ABS ECU
4. Cun dy
5 ng c in 5. ng c in
6. Bm thy lc
7. Bnh cha du
8 Van mt chiu
Gi p
8. Van mt chiu
9. Van con trt
Gim p
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
B chng hm cng bnh xe khi phanh (ABS)
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
B chng hm cng bnh xe khi phanh (ABS)
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
B chng chng trt bnh xe (ABS + TCS)
9
C cu chp hnh
9
1 Van tng p
2 Van gim p
3 V TCS
3 3 4 4
5 5
6 3 Van TCS
4 Van ht cp b
5 Bnh tch nng
6 M t bm
7 B d
6
7 7
8 8
7 Bm du
8 Bnh cha du hi
9 Xi lanh chnh
1 1 1
1
2 2
2 2
Bn
h xe
TT
Bn
h xe
TP
Bnh
xe
SP
Bnh
xe
ST
Dn ng iu khin phanh bng kh nn
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Dn ng iu khin phanh bng kh nn
Dn ng phanh bng kh nn s dng nng lng ca ngun kh nn to nn
l h h h h p lc p cc guc phanh vo trng phanh.
2 a) 3
4 5
6
7
1
b) d)
8
)
c)
)
9
8
9
?? c im v phmvi ng dng ca h thng dn ng phanh kh nn
?? Cc b phn chnh trong h thng
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Dn ng iu khin phanh bng kh nn
My nn kh My nn kh
8
9 1
0
1 1. y du; 2. Pu li
6
7
8
1
1
1
2
y ;
3. Trc khuu; 4. Xi lanh
5.Thanh truyn; 6. Pit tng
7. Cht pit tng
8 9 t
1
3
5
4
B t ng
iu chnh p
t
8. np my ; 9. nt van x
10. l xo van x
11. van x; 12. van x
13. bi; 14. cht hn ch
3
sut
19
20
21
;
15. van np; 16. ty y van
17. n gnh
18. con trt; 19. Np
20 Van bi; 21 van np
3
22
23
24
20. Van bi; 21. van np
22. thanh y; 23,24. Van bi
25. ng kh vo
26. Tm lc
2 1
25
26
?? Nguyn l hot ng (t c)

15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Van phn chia v bo v cc ngun kh nn
Van phn chia v bo v hai ngun kh nn
- Chc nng, nhim v ca
van phn chia v bo v cc
ngun kh nn
- Trng thi lm vic bnh
thng, van lm vic ntn?
Khi kh - Khi c mt ngun kh nn
no b h hng, van lm
vic ntn?
- Nu ngun kh nn ni
thng khoang B cha b h
hon ton v p sut trong
I. Ca ni vi my nn kh, II, III. Cc ca ni n cc
kh d t kh h 1 Th 2 Pi t
hon ton v p sut trong
khoang B thp hn khoang C,
van lm vic ntn?
ngun kh nn d tr khc nhau, 1. Thn van, 2. Piston
trung tm, 3. Cc van mt chiu, 4. Piston t, 5,6,7. Cc
l xo
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Van phn chia v bo v cc
ngun kh nn ngun kh nn
Van phn chia v bo v ba
ngun kh nn
1. Thn van,
2. Np van,
3 6 7 8 Cc van mt chiu 3,6,7,8. Cc van mt chiu,
4. Cc l xo ca van mt chiu,
5. Cc mng,
Ca I II Cung cp kh nn ra cc Ca I,II. Cung cp kh nn ra cc
bnh cha kh nn,
Khoang a, b ni vi my nn kh,
Khoang c ni thng vi ngun kh Khoang c ni thng vi ngun kh
nn ca h thng phanh ,
Khoang d thng vi cc khoang
a,b khi van 7 m
?? Nguyn l lm vic
15.3. H thng dn ng
iu khin phanh
Van phn phi
21
22
iu khin phanh
1
18
19
20 P1, P2: Ca kh nn t bnh kh ti
B1: Ca ra c cu phanh sau
B2: Ca ra c cu phanh trc
1 Chp che bi
1
15
16
17
O
2 L xo hi v pit tng trn
3 Vng hm van trn
4 Pit tng di
5 L xo hi v van di
2
13
14
15
6 Thn van di
7 Van x kh
8 l xo hi v van di
9 Van di
10
3
4
11
12
P1
B1
10 L xo hi v pit tng di
11 L xo hi v van trn
12 Van trn
13 L xo trc xuyn tm
14 L it t t
4
5
6
8
9
10
B2 P2
14 L xo p pit tng trn
15 Pit tng trn
16 Thn van trn
17 Np van phanh
18 Vt i h h
6
7
R
?? Nguyn l hot ng
18 Vt iu chnh
19 Cc p; 20 Cht t; 21 Con ln

15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Dn ng iu khin phanh bng kh nn
Van phn phi
?? Nguyn l lm vic
B i h h l h h
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
B iu chnh lc phanh
1. Van iu chnh,
2. Piston, 2. Piston,
3. Cnh nghing ca piston 2,
4. Cn y van iu chnh c
mt u l van x,
5. n xc nh v tr gia
kung xe v cu sau,
6. Mng,
7. Khp cu dn ng n 4,
8. Piston,
9. Phn dn hng cn 4,
10. Gi c nh c cnh
nghing,
11. Cnh nghing ca gi 10,
12 i I i 12. ng ng ni ca I vi
khoang di piston 8,
Ca I ni vi van phn phi,
C II i ti b h h Ca II ni ti bu phanh cu
sau,
Ca II x kh nn ra ngoi
?? Nguyn l lm vic
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
B ABS

Van iu chnh dng ni tip Van iu chnh vi van R12
1 Van iu khin cp vo
2 Van x kh ra ngoi
3 Cm in t van cp
4 Cm in t ca van ra
7. L xo
8. Bu phanh
9. Van phn phi
10 ng cp kh (P) 4. Cm in t ca van ra
5. Pit tng van
6. B van
10. ng cp kh (P)
11. ng x kh (R)
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Van gia tc (Van R-le)
Mt trong nhng nhc im ca h thng phanh kh nn l thi gian g g g p g
chm tc dng ln hn so vi h thng phanh thy lc.
1. Van x, 2. Bung iu khin,
3. Van np, 4. Piston, 5. L xo
I. Ca ni vi bu phanh,
II. Ca thng vi kh quyn,
III. Ca thng vi bnh kh nn
IV. Ca ni vi van phn phi V. Ca ni vi van phn phi
?? Nguyn l lm vic
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Bu phanh
Bu phanh c cng dng l to ra lc truyn ln thanh y quay cam dn ng c cu Bu phanh c cng dng l to ra lc truyn ln thanh y quay cam dn ng c cu
phanh.
- bu phanh loi piston
- bu phanh loi mng - bu phanh loi mng,
- bu phanh n
- bu phanh kp tch nng.
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Bu phanh
Bu phanh n loi pt tng
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Bu phanh
Bu phanh tch nng
Khng
B
4
5 6 7 8 9
S
A
s
1
phanh
A B
1
2
3
Q
s
1
Phanh bng
phanh chn
1
T
P
s
2
p
Phanh bng
B
1. c iu chnh 2. ng y 3. V bu phanh 4. ng dn kh
5 V t 6 M 7 8 th b h h
10 11 12 13 14
B
Phanh bng
phanh tay
s
1
- Hnh trnh phanh chnh
(phanh chn)
s
2
- Hnh trnh phanh ph
5. V trong 6. Mng cao su 7. n y 8. thn bu phanh
9. l xo hi v 10. tm 11. bc y 12. vng t
13. Pit tng tch nng 14. l xo tch nng
A- iu khin phanh chn B- iu khin nh phanh
P th i kh S kh th i A
s
2
p a p
(phanh tay)
P- thng vi kh quyn S- khoang thng vi A
Q-khoang thng vi B T-khoang tch nng
?? Trnh by cc trng thi lm vic ca bu phanh
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Dn ng phanh bng thy lc iu khin bng kh nn (H thng phanh thy-kh
kt hp)
Van phanh
Bnh kh
kt hp)
X ra ngoi
Bnh cha
du
My nn kh
Xi lanh chnh
Bnh cha
du
Xi lanh bnh xe
Trng Trng
Xi lanh bnh xe
Xi lanh chnh
g
phanh
g
phanh
Guc Guc
ng kh
Guc
phanh
Guc
phanh
Bnh xe trc Bnh xe sau
ng du
15.3. H thng dn ng iu khin phanh
Dn ng phanh bng thy lc iu khin bng kh nn (H thng phanh thy-
kh kt h ) kh kt hp)
5
4
3 2 1
7
6
A
10 9
A
10 9
11 12 16 15 14 13
CHNG 16: KHUNG V T
?? Nu chc nng ca khung v t
16.1. Chc nng, phn loi
?? Nu chc nng ca khung v t
?? Nu cc loi khung v t
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung xe ti g
a) Dng thang dc; b) Dng thang cho; c) a) Dng thang dc; b) Dng thang cho; c)
Dng ch X; d) Dng thang rng gia; e, f)
Dng xng c
?? So snh cc dng khung trn
?? Dng no ph bin nht
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung xe ti g
a)
b)
c)
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung v xe but
Kt cu khung dm
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung v xe but
Kt cu khung dn
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung v xe but
Kt cu v
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung v xe but
a) Tm sn tri
Kt cu v
a) Tm sn tri
b) Phn ui khung dn
c) Phn u khung dn
d) Tm sn phi
e) Mt ct phn ui
khung dn
g) Mt ct phn
gia khung dn
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung v xe con
Kt cu khung chu ti v bao kn
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung v xe con
h i b k Kt cu v chu ti bao kn
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung v xe con
Kt cu v chu ti bao kn
Kt cu khung hp ca v Kt cu khung hp ca v
chu ti bao kn
16.2. Cu to khung v
Khung v xe con
Kt cu khung hp ca v
chu ti bao kn
a) Phn u xe b) Phn ui xe a) Phn u xe b) Phn ui xe
CHNG 17: THIT B PH TRN T
17.1. H thng iu ha khng kh
KK mt
t:6-15
o
C
p:5 bar
Dn lnh
Van tit lu
t:30
o
C
p:5 bar
Qut gi
Qut gi
My nn
t 80
o
C
Qut gi
Dn nng
Bnh cha
t:80
o
C
p:15 bar
?? Chc nng ca h thng iu ha khng khi
trn t

nh cha
gaz lng
KK nng
?? Nguyn l hot ng ca h thng lm lnh
?? Yu cu i vi h thng lm lnh
17.1. H thng iu ha khng kh
h thng iu ha khng kh
g g
1)Qut gi; 2) Dn lnh;
3) Cm bin nhit lnh;
4)B dn nhit si m; )
5) Cm bin nhit sau iu ho;
6) Cng tc chn nhit ;
7)Cm bin nhit khoang ngi; 7)Cm bin nhit khoang ngi;
8) B x l trung tm;
9) Ca thot nc; 10) My nn;
11)Vn in t; 11)Vn in t;
a) Ca khng kh sch;
b) Ca lau knh;
) C i t c) Ca gi trn;
d) Ca hiu chnh khng kh;
e) Ca phn nhit lau knh;
f) Ca gi di
17.1. H thng iu ha khng kh
thng gi
p lc khng kh
ngoi xe
Qut ht
ngoi xe
trong xe
a) Thng gi t a) Thng gi t
nhin
?? Ti sao cn thng gi
?? Cc phng php thng gi ?? Cc phng php thng gi
?? Yu cu i vi h thng thng gi
17.1. H thng iu ha khng kh
si m Ngun
nhit
Khng kh lnh

nhit
ca mi trng
qua lc sch
V Vng
trao
i
Khng kh
nhit
Khng kh
m vo trong
t
?? Ngun nhit no c th dng si m
17.2. H thng ti
a) b) c)
?? Cng dng ca h thng ti trn t
17.2. H thng ti
Cu to ti c kh
3
2 1
8
5 4
3
2
1
7
6 4
5

6
1) ng c; 2) Ly hp; 3) Hp s chnh; 4) Hp
trch cng sut; 5) Trc truyn; 6) Hp gim tc;
1.Cn iu khin; 2. Hp trch
cng sut; 3.Trc cc ng;
4. Tang trng ti v dy cp; g ) y ) p g
7) Tang trng ti v dy cp; 8) C cu gi
g g y p
5. Hp gim tc; 6. Cn iu
khin trng ti
17.2. H thng ti
Cu to ti c kh
2
3
4
5
1
hp gim tc ti
1) Trc vt; 2) vnh rng bnh vt; 3-Trc tang trng
ti; 4) Di phanh; 5) Tang trng phanh ti; 4) Di phanh; 5) Tang trng phanh
17.3. Hp trch cng sut
2
1 3
?? Cng dng ca hp
trch cng sut trn t
4
5
6
7
5
8
1) Hp s chnh 2) Cn iu khin; 3)Trc gi; 1) Hp s chnh 2) Cn iu khin; 3)Trc gi;
4) Bnh rng gi; 5) Trc ra ; 6), 7);Bnh rng trung gian; 8) Bnh
rng trch cng sut;
17.4. Mm xoay
?? Cng dng ca
mm xoay
1 2 3
1. Mm xoay, 2. u ko, 3. Bn rmooc
17.4. Mm xoay
11
12
1. M 2. Cht 3. Cam
4 Cn iu khin 5 Gi mm
5
12
4. Cn iu khin 5. Gi mm
xoay 6. Trc cn bng
7. Trc ca mm 8. Thn
mm; 9 Tm 10 L xo mm; 9. Tm 10. L xo
11. Tm hn ch 12. Ming

1 1 2 2 9 8
1
1 1 2 2
6
9 8
10
6
5
3
4
7
4