Professional Documents
Culture Documents
James A. O'Brien, and George Marakas Management Information Systems, 9th ed. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 2009. ISBN: 13 9780073376769
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objectives
1. 2. Understand the concept of a system and how it relates to information systems Explain why knowledge of information systems is important for business professionals
Identify five areas of information systems knowledge needed
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Give examples to illustrate how business applications of information systems can support a firms
Business processes Managerial decision making Strategies for competitive advantage
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6. 7.
Foundation Concepts
Why study information systems and information technology?
Vital component of successful businesses Helps businesses expand and compete Improves efficiency and effectiveness of business processes Facilitates managerial decision making and workgroup collaboration
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This system
Stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization
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Information Technologies
Information Systems
All the components and resources necessary to deliver information and functions to the organization Could be paper based
Information Technologies
Hardware, software, networking, data management
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What is E-Business?
Using Internet technologies to empower
Business processes Electronic commerce Collaboration within a company Collaboration with customers, suppliers, and other business stakeholders
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E-Business Use
Reengineering
Internal business processes
Electronic commerce
Buying, selling, marketing, and servicing of products and services over networks
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Online Processing
Process transactions immediately Example: a bank processes an ATM withdrawal immediately
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Measuring IT Success
Efficiency
Minimize cost, time, and use of information resources
Effectiveness
Support business strategies Enable business processes Enhance organizational structure and culture Increase customer and business value
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Developing IS Solutions
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Potential Harm
Infringements on privacy Inaccurate information Collusion
Potential Risks
Consumer boycotts Work stoppages Government intervention
Possible Responses
Codes of ethics Incentives Certification
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Ethical Responsibilities
What uses of IT might be considered improper or harmful to other individuals or society? What is the proper business use of the Internet or a companys IT resources? How can you protect yourself from computer crime?
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IT Careers
Economic downturns have affected all job sectors, including IT Rising labor costs are pushing jobs to India, the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific countries However, IT employment opportunities are strong, with new jobs emerging daily Shortages of IT personnel are frequent The long-term job outlook is positive and exciting
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IT Careers
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IT Careers
Job increases will be driven by
Rapid growth in computer system design and related services
The need to backfill positions
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The IS Function
The IS function is
A major functional area of business An important contributor to operational efficiency, employee productivity, morale, customer service and satisfaction
Development: developing ways to use information technology includes designing the basic components of information systems
Management: emphasizes the quality, strategic business value, and security of an organizations information systems
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2.
3.
What is a System?
A system is
A set of interrelated components With a clearly defined boundary Working together
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Processing
Transformation process that converts input into output
Output
Transferring transformed elements to their ultimate destination
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Cybernetic System
All systems have input, processing, and output A cybernetic system, a self-monitoring, selfregulating system, adds feedback and control:
Feedback is data about the performance of a system Control involves monitoring and evaluating feedback to determine whether a system is moving toward the achievement of its goal
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A Business as a System
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Types of systems
Open Adaptive
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Components of an IS
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Hardware Resources
Machines Media
Software Resources
Programs Procedures
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Network Resources
Communications media, communications processors, network access and control software
Information Resources
Management reports and business documents using text and graphics displays, audio responses, and paper forms
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IS Activities
Input of data resources
Data entry activities
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Case 4: Lufthansa
In 2001, Lufthansa launched the Lufthansa Mobile Initiative, which aimed to provide all pilots with notebook computers. It helps 3,500 highly mobile airline pilots plugged into the corporate infrastructure, that informs them about schedules, weather events, and other facts that affect their jobs throughout the world. The Lufthansa Mobile Initiative is yielding significant productivity and efficiency improvements, while keeping costs manageable. Pilots use their notebook computers for computerbased training whether they are learning about new aircraft or things like specific hydraulic systems.
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Case Questions
1. Are many of Lufthansas challenges identified in the case similar to those being experienced by other businesses in todays global economy? Explain and provide some examples. 2. What other tangible and intangible benefits, beyond those identified by Lufthansa, might a mobile workforce enjoy as a result of deploying mobile technologies? Explain. 3. Lufthansa was clearly taking a big risk with their decision to deploy notebook computers to their pilots. What steps did they take to manage that risk, and what others might be needed in todays business environment? Provide some examples.
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