tcvn

tIu chun vIt nam

TCVN 6700-1 : 2000 (iso 9606-1 : 1994)

Kim tra chp nhn th hn Hn nng chy Phn 1: Thp

Approval testing of welders Fusion welding Part 1: Steels

h ni - 2000

TCVN 6700-1: 2000

Li ni u
TCVN 6700-1 : 2000 hon ton tng ng vi ISO 9606-1:1994 TCVN 6700-1 : 2000 do Ban k thut Tiu chun TCVN/TC44/SC1 Hn bin son, Tng cc Tiu chun - o lng - Cht lng ngh, B Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng ban hnh.

TCVN 6700-1 : 2000

tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 6700-1 : 2000

Kim tra chp nhn th hn Hn nng chy Phn 1: Thp

Approval testing of welders Fusion welding Part 1: Steels

1 Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny qui nh cc yu cu, cc phm vi chp nhn, cc iu kin kim tra, cc yu cu chp nhn v cp chng ch kim tra chp nhn th hn thp. Mu chng ch kim tra chp nhn c nu trong ph lc B. Trong qu trnh kim tra chp nhn th hn cn th hin c kinh nghim thc t v kin thc ngh nghip (kim tra khng bt buc) v cc qu trnh hn, vt liu v cc yu cu an ton m h c chp nhn cc thng tin ny c nu trong ph lc D. Tiu chun ny p dng khi c yu cu kim tra chp nhn th hn ca khch hng, t chc c thm quyn kim tra hoc cc t chc khc. Tiu chun ny p dng cho kim tra chp nhn th hn thp i vi phng php hn nng chy. Cc phng php hn cp n trong tiu chun ny bao gm cc phng php hn nng chy bng tay hoc c c kh ho mt phn. Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho cc phng php hn hon ton c kh ho v t ng ho (xem 5.2). Tiu chun ny bao gm kim tra chp nhn th hn i vi cng vic hn bn sn phm v thnh phm c ch to t cc loi vt liu gia cng p lc, hoc c c lit k trong 5.4. Chng ch kim tra chp nhn do ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra c trch nhim cp.

2 Tiu chun trch dn

ISO 857:1990 Cc phng php hn, hn ng v hn vy T vng ISO 1106-1:1984 Kin ngh thc hnh i vi kim tra bc x mi hn nng chy Phn 1: Mi hn gip mp nng chy trn thp tm chiu dy n 50 mm. 3

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ISO 1106-2:1985 Kin ngh thc hnh i vi kim tra bc x mi hn nng chy Phn 2: Mi hn

gip mp nng chy thp tm chiu dy ln hn 50 mm n 200 mm. ISO 1106-3:1984 Kin ngh thc hnh i vi kim tra bc x mi hn nng chy Phn 3: Mi hn

theo chu vi thp ng c chiu dy thnh n 50 mm. ISO 2560:1973 Yu cu k thut ca thp cacbon -mangan dng hn h quang tay. ISO 3452:1984 Th khng ph hu Kim tra bng cht thm thu Nguyn l chung. ISO 3580:1975 Que hn h quang bng tay thp bn ro M k hiu nhn bit. ISO 3581:1976 hiu nhn bit ISO 4063:1990 Hn, hn ng, hn vy v hn bng y thau cc kim loi Danh mc cc phng Que hn h quang bng tay thp khng g v thp hp kim cao tng t khc M k

php v s trch dn trnh by k hiu trn bn v. ISO 5173:1981 Hn Mi hn gip mp vt liu kim loi Th un. ISO 5817:1992 Mi hn h quang t thp Hng dn mc cht lng trn c s cc khuyt tt. TCVN 6115:1996 (ISO 6520:1982) kim loi. ISO 6947:1990 Mi hn Cc t th hn nh ngha gc nghing v gc quay. ISO 9017:_
1)

Phn loi v gii thch cc khuyt tt trong mi hn do nng chy

Th ph hu mi hn vt liu kim loi Th ph hu.

ISO 9956-2: 1995 Yu cu k thut v chp nhn qui trnh cng ngh hn vt liu kim loi Phn 2: Yu cu k thut qui trnh hn h quang hn i vi thp. ISO 9956-3: 1995 Yu cu k thut v chp nhn qui trnh cng ngh hn vt liu kim loi Phn 3:

Kim tra qui trnh hn i vi hn h quang thp.

3 nh ngha
Trong tiu chun ny s dng cc nh ngha sau: 3.1 Th hn tay (manual welder): Th hn, ngi cm v thao tc bng tay km cp que hn, m

hn, n hn hoc m hn hi. 3.2 Th hn my (welding operator): Th hn, ngi thao tc thit b hn c c gii ho mt phn chuyn ng tng i gia km hn, m hn, n hn hoc m hn hi v chi tit hn. 3.3 Ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra (examiner or test body): Ngi hoc t chc kim tra

xc nhn s ph hp vi tiu chun c p dng. Ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra phi c cc bn tham gia hp ng chp nhn.
1) ang in.

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3.4 Yu cu k thut ca qui trnh cng ngh hn (welding procedure specification): Ti liu

cung cp mt cch chi tit nhng thng s c bn v hn m bo tnh lp li ca cc qui trnh hn. 3.5 Phm vi chp nhn (range of approval): Khong chp nhn i vi cc thng s c bn v hn. 3.6 Chi tit kim tra (test piece): Lin kt hn c s dng kim tra chp nhn. 3.7 Mu kim tra (test specimen): Phn hoc b phn ct ra t chi tit kim tra thc hin th ph hu theo qui nh. 3.8 Kim tra (test): Mt lot cc thao tc bao gm vic ch to chi tit kim tra hn v tip theo l

bo co kt qu kim tra khng ph hu v / hoc ph hu.

4 K hiu v ch vit tt
4.1 Qui nh chung Khi khng s dng ton b t th phi s dng cc k hiu v ch vit tt sau y khi in vo chng ch kim tra (xem ph lc B). 4.2 Chi tit kim tra a BW D FW P t T z chiu dy danh ngha ca mi hn gc. mi hn gip mp. ng knh ngoi ca ng. mi hn gc tm chiu dy tm hoc thnh ng ng chiu di cnh ca mi hn gc

4.3 Vt liu hn (k c kh bo v, thuc hn) nm wm A B C khng c kim loi b sung mi hn. c kim loi b sung mi hn. thuc bc h axt thuc bc h baz thuc bc h cenlulo

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R RA RB RC RR S thuc bc h rutin thuc bc h rutin-axt thuc bc h rutin-baz thuc bc h rutin-cenlulo thuc bc h rutin dy thuc bc que hn cc dng khc

4.4 Nhng vn khc bs gg mb nb ng ss hn hai pha to rnh mt sau hoc mi mt sau mi hn hn c m lt mt sau mi hn hn khng c m lt mt sau mi hn khng to rnh mt sau hoc khng mi mt sau mi hn hn mt pha

5 Nhng yu cu cn thit i vi kim tra chp nhn

5.1 Yu cu chung Cc yu cu c qui nh trong iu ny phi c xem xt theo th t nh gi kh nng ca th hn trong phm vi ca cc yu cu ny. Mi yu cu c xem l mt yu t quan trng trong kim tra chp nhn. Kim tra chp nhn th hn phi c tin hnh trn chi tit kim tra v c lp vi dng kt cu. 5.2 Phng php hn Phng php hn c nh ngha trong ISO 857 v m s tra cu ca chng khi biu th k hiu c cho trong ISO 4063. Tiu chun ny bao gm cc phng php hn sau: 111 hn h quang in cc kim loi c thuc bc (hn h quang tay); 114 hn h quang dy kim loi li thuc khng c kh bo v; 121 hn h quang dy kim loi di lp thuc hn; 131 hn h quang in cc kim loi trong kh tr (hn MIG);

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135 hn h quang in cc kim loi trong kh hot tnh (hn MAG); 136 hn h quang dy kim loi li thuc trong kh hot tnh; 137 hn h quang dy kim loi li thuc trong kh tr; 141 hn h quang in cc vonphram trong kh tr (hn TIG) 15 hn h quang platma 311 hn oxy-axetylen Cc phng php hn nng chy khc theo tho thun.

5.3 Cc kiu mi ni (mi hn gip mp v mi hn gc) Cc chi tit kim tra kim tra chp nhn i vi mi hn gip mp (BW) v mi hn gc (FW) trn tm (P) hoc ng
1)

(T) phi c ch to ph hp vi 7.2.

5.4 Nhm vt liu 5.4.1 Yu cu chung gim ti mc ti thiu s lp li khng cn thit cc kim tra k thut ging nhau, cc loi thp c c tnh hn v luyn kim ging nhau c phn thnh cc nhm kim tra chp nhn th hn (xem 5.4.2). Ni chung, khi kim tra chp nhn th hn phi dng kim loi b xung c thnh phn ho hc tng t vi bt k loi thp no trong nhm kim loi c bn. Khi hn bt k vt liu no trong mt nhm cho php chng nhn th hn i vi vic hn tt c cc vt liu khc trong chnh nhm . Khi hn cc kim loi c bn t hai nhm khc nhau m chng khng c php chp nhn ln nhau theo bng 4 v 5 (xem 6.4), phi qui nh vic kim tra chp nhn i vi s lin kt ny l mt nhm ring. Khi kim loi b sung khc vi nhm kim loi c bn, vic chp nhn i vi lin kt ca nhm kim loi c bn v kim loi b sung l cn thit, tr khi chng c php theo bng 4 v 5. 5.4.2 Nhm thp ca kim loi c bn Thp s dng kim tra chp nhn th hn v qui trnh hn phi ph hp vi ISO 9956-3, xem ph lc A. Thp c phn nhm theo kim loi c bn nh sau: __________________________
1) T ng ng ring hoc trong lien hip t c dung vI ngha ng hoc on rng

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5.4.2.1 Nhm W01 Thp khng hp kim cc bon thp (cc bon-mangan) v / hoc thp hp kim thp. Nhm ny cng bao gm thp kt cu ht mn c gii hn chy RCH 360 N/mm2. 5.4.2.2 Nhm W02 Thp bn ro crom-molybden (CrMo) v / hoc crom-molybden-vanadi (CrMoV). 5.4.2.3 Nhm W03 Thp kt cu ht mn thng ho, ti v ram cng nh thp c x l c nhit luyn c gii hn chy RCH > 360 N/mm2, cng nh thp niken hn tng t vi hm lng niken t 2 % n 5 %. 5.4.2.4 Nhm W04 Thp khng g fert hoc mactensit c hm lng crom t 12 % n 20 %. 5.4.2.5 Nhm W11 Thp khng g crom-niken (CrNi) fert-austent v austenit 5.5 Vt liu hn 5.5.1 Yu cu chung Trong phn ln cc kim tra chp nhn kim loi b sung phi ging nh kim loi c bn. Khi tin hnh kim tra th hn c s dng kim loi b sung, kh bo v hoc thuc hn thch hp i vi mt nhm vt liu, php kim tra ny cho php chp nhn th hn s dng bt k vt liu hn tng t khc (kim loi b sung, kh bo v hoc thuc hn) i vi cng nhm kim loi . 5.5.2 Hn h quang in cc kim loi c thuc bc (hn h quang tay) Nhm in cc c thuc bc (que hn) c phn loi theo cc c tnh quan trng nht ph hp vi ISO 2560 nh sau: A B C R thuc bc h axit; thuc bc h baz; thuc bc h cenlulo; thuc bc h rutin;

RA thuc bc h axt-rutin RB thuc bc h baz-rutin; RC thuc bc h cenlulo-rutin; RR thuc bc h rutin dy; S 8 thuc bc que hn cc dng khc.

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Ch thch 2 Chi tit hn v in cc c thuc bc tham kho ISO 2560, ISO 3580 hoc ISO 3581 tu theo loi
thp c yu cu.

5.6 Kch thc Kim tra chp nhn th hn da trn c s chiu dy ca vt liu (tc l chiu dy tm hoc chiu dy thnh ng) v ng knh ng m th hn s s dng trong sn xut. Mt php kim tra c tin hnh cho mi mt trong ba khong chiu dy tm v chiu dy thnh ng hoc ng knh ng nh qui nh trong bng 1 v 2. Khng nht thit phi o chnh xc chiu dy hoc ng knh nhng nn c s tm hiu chung khi la chn cc gi tr cho trong bng 1 v 2. Bng 1 Chi tit kim tra (tm hoc ng) v phm vi chp nhn Chiu dy chi tit kim tra , t mm t3 3 < t 12 t > 12
1) i vi hn oxy-axetylen (311): t n 1,5 t 2) i vi hn oxy-axetylen (311): 3 mm n 1,5 t

Phm vi chp nhn t n 2t1) 3 mm n 2t2)

5 mm

Bng 2 ng knh chi tit kim tra v phm vi chp nhn ng knh chi tit kim tra, D1) mm D 25 25 < D 150 D > 150 D n 2D 0,5D n 2D (t nht 25 mm)
0,5D

Phm vi chp nhn

1) i vi cc on rng, D l kch th c ca ch nh nht.

5.7 T th hn Phi s dng cc t th hn c gii thiu trn cc hnh 1 v 2 (theo ISO 6947). Cc gc nghing v quay i vi cc mi hn thng phi theo ISO 6947. Cc t th hn v cc gc dng trong kim tra chp nhn phi da trn cng mt dung sai nh dng trong sn xut.

TCVN 6700-1: 2000 6 Phm vi chp nhn th hn

6.1 Qui nh chung Theo qui tc chung, chi tit kim tra chp nhn th hn khng ch i vi cc iu kin dng trong kim tra m cn i vi tt c cc mi ni c xem l d hn hn. Phm vi chp nhn i vi mi kiu kim tra c cho trong cc iu v bng thch ng. Trong nhng bng ny, phm vi chp nhn c ch ra trong cng mt ng nm ngang. 6.2 Phng php hn Mi php kim tra thng chp nhn mt phng php hn. Mi thay i phng php hn cn c mt kim tra chp nhn mi. Tuy nhin, mt th hn c th c chp nhn nhiu hn mt phng php hn bi mt hoc hai kim tra chp nhn ring bit dng cho mt mi ni c nhiu phng php hn. V d trong trng hp cn chp nhn mt mi hn gip mp mt pha c chn c thc hin bng hn TIG (141) m khng c m lt v c hn bng hn h quang in cc kim loi c thuc bc (111), th hn c th c chp nhn bng mt trong hai cch sau: a) thc hin tt kim tra chp nhn i vi hn mi ni c nhiu phng php hn, ngha l chn

mi hn c hn TIG (141) khng c m lt mt sau mi hn, cc ng hn hoc lp hn tip sau c hn h quang in cc kim loi c thuc bc (111) nm trong cc gii hn ca phm vi chp nhn i vi mi phng php hn; b) thc hin c kt qu cc kim tra chp nhn ring bit c lin quan, mt i vi hn TIG (141)

khng c m lt mt sau mi hn cho ng hn chn v mt kim tra ring bit cho hn in y bng hn h quang in cc kim loi c thuc bc (111) c m lt mt sau mi hn hoc c hn hai pha c hoc khng c m lt mt sau mi hn. 6.3 Cc kiu mi ni Tu theo chi tit, phm vi chp nhn th hn c gii thiu trong bng 3; c th p dng cc chun mc sau: a) chp nhn cc mi hn gip mp thp ng bao gm cc mi hn gip mp i vi cc tm; b) vic chp nhn cc mi hn gip mp cc tm tt c cc t th c lin quan bao gm cc mi

hn gip mp thp ng c ng knh ngoi ln hn hoc bng 500 mm, tr mc c) cng p dng; c) chp nhn cc mi hn gip mp kim tra i vi cc tm c hn t th bng (PA) hoc nm ngang thng ng (PC) phi bao gm chp nhn cc mi hn gip mp trn cc ng c ng knh ngoi ln hn hoc bng 150 mm c hn cc t th tng t nh cho trong bng 7; d) hn mt pha khng c m lt mt sau mi hn chp nhn cc mi hn mt pha c m lt mt sau mi hn v cc mi hn hai pha c v khng c vic to rnh mt sau mi hn bng in cc.;

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e) hn cc tm hoc ng c m lt mt sau mi hn chng nhn cc mi hn c hn hai pha

nhng khng chp nhn cc mi hn khng c m lt mt sau mi hn; f) vic chp nhn cc mi hn gip mp c chp nhn cho c cc mi hn gc i vi cc iu

kin hn tng t; g) trong trng hp cng vic gia cng sn phm phn ln l hn gc, nn chp nhn th hn bng mt kim tra hn gc thch hp, ngha l hn trn cc tm, ng hoc mi ni nhnh (xem ISO 9956-3); h) khi hn hai pha khng to rnh mt sau mi hn c php chp nhn cc mi hn mt pha c

m lt mt sau mi hn v cc mi hn hai pha c to rnh mt sau mi hn; i) vic chp nhn cc mi hn gip mp ng khng c m lt mt sau mi hn bao gm vic chp

nhn i vi cc mi hn ni nhnh trong cng mt phm vi chp nhn nh cho trong cc bng t 3 n 7. i vi mt mi hn nhnh, phm vi chp nhn da trn ng knh ca nhnh; j) trong trng hp cng vic sn xut phn ln l hn ni nhnh hoc i hi mt mi hn ni

nhnh phc tp, th hn nn c o to c bit. Trong mt s trng hp, mt php kim tra chp nhn th hn trn mt mi hn ni nhnh c th l cn thit. 6.4 Nhm vt liu Theo nhm vt liu ca chi tit kim tra, phm vi cc vt liu m th hn c chp nhn c cho trong bng 4 v 5 (xem 5.4). i vi thp khng thuc bt k nhm thp no, th hn phi thc hin vic kim tra chp nhn ch i vi loi thp . 6.5 in cc c thuc bc (que hn) Khi thay i loi thuc bc in cc c th yu cu thay i k thut hn. Kim tra chp nhn loi thuc bc in cc s to iu kin chp nhn th hn i vi cc h thuc bc khc nh qui nh trong bng 6. 6.6 Kh bo v v thuc hn c php thay i kh bo v hoc thuc hn (xem 5.5.1). Tuy nhin vic thay i t kh bo v hot tnh sang kh tr hoc t kh tr sang kh hot tnh cn c vic kim tra chp nhn mi i vi th hn. 6.7 Kch thc Phm vi chp nhn ty theo chiu dy ca tm hoc thnh ng v / hoc ng knh ng c gii thiu trong bng 1 v 2. 6.8 T th hn Phm vi chp nhn i vi mi t th hn c cho trong bng 7. Cc t th hn v m hiu theo hnh 1 v 2 (ph hp vi ISO 6947).

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. b)b
b) Cc mi hn gc

Hnh 1 Cc t th hn i vi cc tm kim loi

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Hnh 2 Cc t th hn i vi cc ng kim loi

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Bng 3 Phm vi chp nhn cho cc kim tra trn cc mi hn gip mp (chi tit v cc kiu mi hn) Phm vi chp nhn Loi mi hn Mi hn gip mp tm Hn mt pha ss mb nb Hn mt pha Mi hn gip mp tm ss Hn hai pha bs Mi hn gip mp thp ng Ch dn
ch mi hn m th hn c chp nhn trong kim tra chp nhn.

mb nb gg ng mb nb

* x x x x x

* x

Hn hai pha bs gg ng x x * x x x

Mi hn gip mp ng Hn mt pha ss mb nb 1) 1) 1) 1) * x

x * x

1)
*

Hn mt pha ss

x ch mi hn m th hn cng c chp nhn. ch mi hn m th hn khng c chp nhn. 1) Xem 6.3b) v 6.3.c).

Bng 4 Phm vi chp nhn i vi kim loi c bn Nhm vt liu ca chi tit kim tra W01 W01 W02 W03 W04 W011
Ch dn * biu th nhm vt liu m th hn c chp nhn khi kim tra chng nhn. x biu th cc nhm vt liu khc m th hn cng c chp nhn. biu th cc nhm vt liu khc m th hn khng c chp nhn

Phm vi chp nhn W02 W03 W04 W011

* x x x x1)

* x x x1)

* x1)

* x1)

Ch thch Bng ny ch c p dng khi kim loi c bn c biu th bng * v kim loi b
sung l cng mt nhm. 1) Khi s dng kim loi b sung thuc nhm W11.

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Bng 5 Phm vi chp nhn i vi cc lin kt cc nhm vt liu khc nhau Nhm vt liu ca chi tit kim tra W02 Phm vi chp nhn W02 hn vi W011) W02 hn vi W011) W03 W03 hn vi W011) W03 hn vi W021) W02 hn vi W011) W04 W04 hn vi W011) W04 hn vi W021) W11 hn vi W012) W11 W11 hn vi W022) W11 hn vi W032) W11 hn vi W042)
1) i vi lin kt vt liu khc nhm , vt liu b sung phi thuc nhm ca mt trong nhng nhm kim loi c bn. 2) Khi s dng vt liu b sung ca nhm kim loi W11.

Bng 6 Phm vi chp nhn i vi in cc c thuc bc Loi in cc c thuc bc ca chi tit kim tra A; RA R; RB; RC; RR B C S1)
Ch dn * ch loi in cc c thuc bc m th hn c chp nhn khi kim tra chp nhn. x ch cc nhm in cc khc m th hn cng c chp nhn. ch cc nhm in cc khc m th hn khng c chp nhn 1) S ch c chp nhn i vi loi thuc bc in cc c bit s dng khi kim tra.

Phm vi chp nhn A; RA * x x R; RB; RC; RR B C S

* x

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TCVN 6700-1 : 2000 7 Kim tra

7.1 S gim st Vic hn v kim tra chi tit kim tra phi c s chng kin ca ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra. Cc chi tit kim tra phi c nh du nhn dng ca ngi kim tra v th hn trc khi bt u hn. Ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra c th ngng vic kim tra nu cc iu kin hn khng ng hoc th hn c biu hin khng c kh nng k thut t c tiu chun yu cu, v d c qu nhiu sa cha v / hoc sa cha c h thng.

7.2 Hnh dng v kch thc ca cc chi tit kim tra Hnh dng v kch thc ca cc chi tit kim tra (xem 5.6) phi theo ch dn trong cc hnh t 3 n 6. 7.3 Cc iu kin hn Vic kim tra chp nhn i vi th hn phi thch hp vi cc iu kin c dng trong sn xut v theo WPS hoc pWPS (xem 3.4) c chun b theo ISO 9956-2. Mu chung i vi WPS hoc pWPS c gii thiu trong ph lc C. Khi chun b WPS hoc pWPS phi p dng cc iu kin sau: a) vic kim tra phi c thc hin vi cc phng php hn c dng trong sn xut; b) kim loi b sung phi thch hp vi cc phng php hn v t th hn; c) vic chun b cnh rnh hn ca cc tm v / hoc ng cho chi tit kim tra phi i din cho

vic gia cng cnh rnh hn c dng trong sn xut; d) kch thc ca chi tit kim tra c qui nh trong cc bng v hnh v ca tiu chun ny (xem

cc bng 1 v 2 v cc hnh t 3 n 6); e) vic hn phi c thc hin cc t th v gc ca cc mi hn ni nhnh thng dng

trong sn xut (xem cc hnh 1 v 2); f) mi hn phi c nh gi theo iu 8; g) thi gian hn chi tit kim tra phi tng ng vi thi gian lm vic trong cc iu kin sn xut thng thng; h) chi tit kim tra phi c t nht l mt ln ngng hn v mt ln bt u hn li ng hn lt v ng hn trn mt v c nhn din trn chiu di mi hn c kim tra;

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i) yu cu v gia nhit hoc kim sot nhit lng cp vo c qui nh trong WPS hoc pWPS l bt buc i vi chi tit kim tra ca th hn; j) c th b qua yu cu x l nhit sau khi hn v / hoc ho gi ghi trong WPS hoc pWPS

tr khi c yu cu th un; k) nhn din chi tit kim tra; l) th hn c php sa cc khuyt tt nh tr cc khuyt tt trn lp b mt, bng mi, to rnh

hoc bng cc phng php khc c dng trong sn xut. Vic chp nhn ca ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra phi c chp nhn.

7.4 Phng php kim tra Mi mi hn hon thnh phi c kim tra bng mt trong iu kin nh khi hn. Khi cn (xem bng 8) vic kim tra bng mt c th c b sung bng kim tra ht t, thm thu (xem ISO 3452) hoc cc phng php kim khc v cc kim tra th i trn mi hn gip mp. Nu c chp nhn bi kim tra bng mt cn tin hnh thm cc kim tra bng chp tia bc x, kim tra ph hu v / hoc kim tra th i (xem bng 8). Mu kim tra th i phi c ly v tm thc trn mt th hin r mi hn. Khi s dng tia bc x, phi lun lun p dng cc kim tra un i vi mi hn gip mp c ch to bng phng php hn MIG/MAG (131, 135) hoc bng phng php hn oxy-axtylen (311). Trc khi kim tra c tnh, m lt mt sau mi hn phi c tho ra. Chi tit kim tra c th c ct bng nhit hoc bng c kh b cc on u v cui cch cc mt mt ca chi tit kim tra dng tm 25 mm (hnh 7 v 8). Bng 8 Cc phng php kim tra Mi hn gip mp tm * *1)2) *3) *1) Mi hn gip mp ng * *1)2) *3) *1)

Phng php kim tra Bng mt Chp tia bc x Un t gy (ph hu) Th i (khng nh bng) Ht t / thm thu 18

Mi hn gc *

*4)5) *5)

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Bng 8 (tip theo v ht) Phng php kim tra Ch dn
ch phng php kim l bt buc.

Mi hn gip mp tm

Mi hn gip mp ng

Mi hn gc

ch phng php kim l khng bt buc 1) Kim tra bng chp tia bc x hoc kim ph hu phi c dng nhng khng dng c hai. 2) Kim tra bng chp tia bc x c th c thay bng kim tra siu m i vi chiu dy ln hn hoc

bng 8 mm ch i vi thp pherit. 3) Khi s dng chp tia bc x th th ko l bt buc i vi ph ng php 131, 135 v 311. 4) Kim tra ph hu nn c h tr bi kim tra ht t / thm thu khi ngi ngi kim tra hoc c quan

kim tra yu cu. 5) Kim tra ph hu c th c thay th bng kim tra th i ti t nht l ti bn mt ct, mt trong cc

mt ct ly ti v tr dng / bt u hn.

Hnh 3 Cc kch thc ca chi tit kim tra cho mi hn gip mp cc tm Kch thc tnh bng milimt 19

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Hnh 4 Cc kch thc ca chi tit kim tra cho mi hn gc cc tm Kch thc tnh bng milimt

Hnh 5 Cc kch thc ca chi tit kim tra cho mi hn gip mp cc ng

Kch thc tnh bng milimt 20

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Hnh 6 Cc kch thc ca chi tit kim tra cho mi hn gc trn ng

7.5 Chi tit kim tra v cc mu kim tra

7.5.1 Qui nh chung Trong cc iu 7.5.2 v 7.5.5 gii thiu chi tit v kiu, kch thc v vic chun b cc chi tit kim tra v mu kim tra. Ngoi ra ch nh cc yu cu v th c tnh.

7.5.2 Mi hn gip mp cc tm Khi dng phng php chp tia bc x, chiu di kim tra (xem hnh 7a) ca mi hn trn chi tit kim tra phi c chp tia bc x nh trong iu kin hn ph hp vi ISO 1106-1 hoc ISO 1106-2; bng k thut cp B. Khi th ph hu theo ISO 9017, phi th ton b chiu di kim tra chi tit kim tra. Chi tit kim tra phi c ct thnh nhiu mu kim tra (xem hnh 7a). Chiu di ca mu th ph hu phi xp x bng 50 mm. Nu cn, phn kim loi mi hn nh ln ca mu th c th c loi b, ngoi ra cc cnh mp mi hn c th c kha rnh c chiu su xp x 5 mm d lm t gy kim loi mi hn (xem hnh 7b). Trong trng hp hn mt pha (ss) khng c m lt mt sau mi hn (nb), mt na chiu di kim tra c kim tra pha mt mi hn v na chiu di cn li c kim tra pha chn mi hn (xem cc hnh 7c v 7d). Khi kim tra un ngang, phi kim tra hai mu th un chn mi hn v hai mu th un mt mi hn ph hp ISO 5173. ng knh ca gi un trc hoc gi un trong phi l 4t v gc un nh nht l 120o tr trng hp kim loi c bn c do thp hoc kim loi b sung c ln tp cht khc. 21

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Trong qu trnh kim tra, cc mu kim tra khng c l ra bt k vt nt no ln hn 3 mm theo mi hng. Cc h hng xut hin cc gc ca chi tit kim tra trong khi kim tra c b qua trong nh gi. i vi chiu dy tm ln hn hoc bng 12 mm, cc kim tra un ngang c th c thay th bng cc kim tra un theo bn pha. 7.5.3 Mi hn gc cc tm kim tra ph hu theo ISO 9017, nu cn, chi tit kim tra c th c ct thnh nhiu mu kim tra (xem hnh 8a). Mi mu kim tra phi c b tr kim tra nh gii thiu trn hnh 8b, v c xem xt sau khi ph hu. Khi kim tra th i, bn mu kim tra c ct u nhau trn chiu di kim tra. 7.5.4 Mi hn gip mp cc ng Khi chp tia bc x, ton b chiu di kim tra ca mi hn trn chi tit kim tra phi c chp tia bc x trong iu kin nh khi hn ph hp vi ISO 1106-3 s dng k thut cp B, tr trng hp cn c k thut tng kp. Khi kim tra ph hu theo ISO 9017, ton b chiu di kim tra ca chi tit kim tra phi c kim tra v chi tit kim tra phi c ct ti thiu thnh 4 mu kim tra (xem hnh 9a). Cn c chiu di mi hn nh nht l 150 mm kim tra cc ng. Nu chu vi nh hn 150 mm, cn c thm cc chi tit kim tra mi hn nhng ti a l 3 chi tit kim tra. Chiu di kim tra ca bt k mu kim tra no phi xp x bng 40 mm. Nu cn, phn kim loi mi hn nh ln ca mu kim tra c th c loi b, ngoi ra cc cnh mp mi hn c th c kha rnh vi chiu su xp x 5 mm d ph hu kim loi mi hn (xem hnh 9b). Trong trng hp hn mt pha (ss) khng c m lt mt sau mi hn (nb), mt na chiu di kim tra ca chi tit kim (xem hnh 9a) c kim tra pha mt mi hn v na kia c kim tra pha chn mi hn (xem hnh 9c v 9d) . Khi kim tra un ngang phi kim tra hai mu kim tra un chn mi hn v hai mu kim tra un mt mi hn theo ISO 5173. ng knh ca gi un trc hoc gi un trong phi l 4t v gc un nh nht l 120o tr trng hp kim loi c bn c do thp hoc kim loi b sung c ln tp cht khc. ct cc chi tit kim tra c hn t th PF, PG v H-LO45 (xem hnh 2 v 9a), cc mu kim tra phi c ly t cc t th hn khc nhau. Trong qu trnh kim tra, cc mu kim tra khng c l ra bt k vt nt no ln hn 3 mm theo mi hng. Cc h hng xut hin ti cc gc ca mu kim tra trong khi kim c b qua trong nh gi. i vi chiu dy thnh ln hn hoc bng 12 mm, cc kim tra un ngang c th c thay th bng cc kim tra un bn pha.

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7.5.5 Mi hn gc trn ng i vi cc kim tra ph hu theo ISO 9017, chi tit kim tra phi c ct thnh 4 hoc nhiu hn 4 mu kim tra v c kim tra ph hu (xem hnh 10). Khi kim tra th i, ti thiu phi ct 4 mu kim tra c phn b cch u nhau xung quanh chu vi ng.

8 Cc yu cu nghim thu cc chi tit kim tra

Cc chi tit kim tra phi c nh gi theo cc yu cu nghim thu c qui nh cho cc kiu khuyt tt thch ng. Gii thch y v cc khuyt tt ny c gii thiu trong TCVN 6115:1995 (ISO 6520). Cc yu cu nghim thu i vi cc khuyt tt c pht hin bi cc phng php kim tra theo tiu chun ny, nu khng c qui nh no khc, phi c nh gi ph hp vi ISO 5817. Mt th hn c chng nhn nu cc khuyt tt trong chi tit kim tra nm trong cc gii hn qui nh ca mc B trong ISO 5817, tr cc dng khuyt tt sau: kim loi hn qu tha, li mi hn gc qu ln, chiu dy mi hn gc qu ln, s in y ca kim loi hn trong rnh hn qu gii hn cho php, c p dng cc khuyt tt thuc C. Nu cc khuyt tt trong chi tit kim tra vt qu gii hn ln nht cho php th th hn s khng c chp nhn. Cc yu cu trn cng c thc hin i vi cc tiu chun nghim thu kim tra khng ph hu. Cc th tc qui nh phi c p dng cho tt c cc kim tra ph hu v khng ph hu.

9 Kim tra li
Nu mt chi tit kim tra no khng ph hp vi cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny, th hn phi lm mt chi tit kim tra mi. Nu s khng t yu cu l do th hn khng c k nng th th hn c coi l khng th ph hp vi cc yu cu ca tiu chun ny m khng cn c s o to thm trc khi kim tra li. Nu s h hng l do cc nguyn nhn v luyn kim hoc cc nguyn nhn bn ngoi khc m khng phi do th hn khng k nng th cn c kim tra b sung hoc cc mu kim tra b sung nh gi cht lng v tnh trng nguyn vn ca vt liu kim tra mi v / hoc cc iu kin kim tra mi.

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Kch thc tnh bng milimt

Hnh 7 Chun b v kim tra ph hu cc mu kim tra i vi mi hn gip mp cc tm Chiu di kim tra ca mi hn gc Kch thc tnh bng milimt

Hnh 8 Chun b v kim tra ph hu cc mu kim tra i vi mi hn gc cc tm

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Hnh 9 Chun b v kim tra ph hu cc mu kim tra i vi mi hn gip mp cc ng

.Hnh 10 Chun b v kim tra ph hu cc mu kim tra i vi mi hn gc trn ng

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10 Thi gian c hiu lc

10.1 Chp nhn ln u Hiu lc ca vic chp nhn ln u bt u t ngy hon thnh tt tt c cc kim tra yu cu. Ngy ny c th khc vi ngy ghi trn chng ch. Chp nhn mt th hn c hiu lc trong thi gian hai nm vi iu kin l trong cc khong thi gian 6 thng ngi ch / ngi iu phi k vo chng ch ca th hn v cc iu kin sau y c p ng: a) Th hn phi lin tc tham gia vo cng vic hn trong phm vi ang c chp nhn. Cho php c s gin on trong thi gian khng ln hn 6 thng; b) Cng vic ca th hn nhn chung phi ph hp vi cc iu kin k thut trong vic kim tra

chp nhn c thc hin; c) Khng c chng c no th hin s yu km v k nng v s hiu bit ca th hn. Nu mt trong cc iu kin trn khng c p ng, vic chp nhn phi c hu b. 10.2 S gia hn Hiu lc ca chp nhn trn chng ch c th c gia hn thm cc khong thi gian hai nm i vi phm vi chp nhn ban u vi iu kin l tng iu kin sau y ph hp vi 10.1 c p ng. a) cc mi hn sn xut do th hn tin hnh t cht lng yu cu; b) cc bin bn kim tra, v d cc ti liu trong 6 thng v kim tra tia x hoc kim tra siu m hoc cc bo co kim tra ph hu phi c lu gi trong h s vi chng ch chp nhn th hn. Ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra phi kim tra s ph hp vi cc iu kin trn v k gia hn vo chng ch kim tra tra chp nhn th hn.

11 Cp chng ch
Phi cp chng ch cho th hn trong k kim tra chp nhn th hn. Tt c cc iu kin kim tra c lin quan phi c ghi trn chng ch. Nu th hn thi hng bt k mt mc kim tra no nh m t th khng c cp chng ch. Chng ch phi c chnh ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra cp v phi bao gm tt c cc thng tin c cho trong ph lc B. Mu kin ngh ca ph lc B c kin ngh dng lm chng ch kim tra chp nhn th hn. Nu dng cc mu chng ch kim tra chp nhn th hn khc th cc mu phi bao gm cc thng tin nu trong ph lc B. Yu cu k thut ca qui trnh hn ca c s ch to (WPS) gii thiu trong 26

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ph lc C cho cc thng tin v vt liu, t th hn, qu trnh v phm vi chp nhn .v.v... ph hp vi tiu chun ny. Chng ch kim tra chp nhn th hn ngoi ting Vit nu cn bng mt trong cc th ting chnh thc ca ISO (Anh, Php v Nga). Vic kim tra thc hnh v hiu bit cng vic (xem ph lc D) phi c ch nh bng chp nhn hoc khng kim tra. Mi thay i c bn i vi kim tra chp nhn trong cc phm vi cho php, cn c mt kim tra mi v mt chng ch chp nhn mi.

12 K hiu
K hiu ca chng ch th hn phi bao gm cc mc sau theo trnh t cho (h thng c sp xp sao cho c th s dng c my tnh).

s hiu ca tiu chun ny; cc thng s c bn:

cc phng php hn: xem 5.2 v ISO 4063; bn sn phm: tm (P), ng (T), xem 5.3; kiu mi ni: mi hn gip mp (BW), mi hn gc (FW), xem 5.3; nhm vt liu: xem 5.4; kim loi b sung: xem 5.5; kch thc ca chi tit kim tra: chiu dy (t) v ng knh ng (D), xem 5.6; cc t th hn: xem 5.7, hnh 1 v 2 v ISO 6947, chi tit v cc kiu mi hn: xem 6.3 v bng 5, i vi cc ch vit tt theo 4.4. K hiu dng cho my tnh phi c dng sau:
xxx xxxxxx, xxx, x, xx, xxx, xx, xxx, xxxx, xxxxxx, xx, xx

V d
TCVN 6700-1:2000, 111, P, BW, W11, RB, t10, D200, H-L045, ss, nb

tip theo l cc k hiu khc v cc chi tit ca kiu mi hn theo trnh t cho trong iu 4, c ngn cch bi , Cc k hiu khng c sn trn my tnh. V d k hiu 1 Chp nhn th hn TCVN.....111 P BW W11 B t09 PF ss nb

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Gii thch Phng php hn: hn h quang in cc c v bc Tm ` Mi hn gip mp Nhm vt liu: thp austent Kim loi b sung: c thuc bc h baz Kch thc chi tit kim tra: chiu dy 9 mm T th hn: mi hn gip mp cc tm: ng hng ln Cc chi tit v kiu mi hn: mt pha khng c m lt mt sau mi hn V d k hiu 2 Chp nhn th hn TCVN Gii thch Phng php hn: hn oxy-axetylen ng Mi hn gip mp Nhm vt liu: thp hp kim ccbon thp Kim loi b sung: Khng c kim loi b sung Kch thc chi tit kim tra: chiu dy 2 mm ng knh ng 120 mm T th hn: mi hn gip mp cc ng, ng quay, trc nm ngang, bng Cc chi tit v kiu mi hn: mt pha khng to rnh mt sau mi hn ss nb PA t02 D120 311 T BW W01 nm 311 T BW W01 nm t02 D20 PA ss nb ss nb 111 P BW W11 B t09 PF

Ch thch 3 gii thch cc ch vit tt dng trong cc v d v k hiu, xem iu 4.

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Ph lc A
(qui nh)

So snh nhm thp

Nhm thp chp nhn th hn trong tiu chun ny c so snh vi nhm thp trong tiu chun qui trnh hn ISO 9956-3.

Chp nhn th hn

Nhm thp Phng php hn ph hp vi ISO 9956-3

W01 W02 W03

1 4, 5, 6 2, 3,7 khng bao gm1) thp vi hm lng niken 5 < Ni % 9

W04 W011
1) Yu cu chp nhn th hn c bit (xem 6.4)

8 9

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Ph lc B
(tham kho)

Chng ch kim tra chp nhn th hn

K hiu....................................................................................................

S ca yu cu k thut ca qui trnh hn ca c s sn xut (nu p dng) Tn th hn: Nhn dng: Phng php nhn dng: Ngy v ni sinh: Ngi s dng lao ng: Qui phm / Tiu chun kim tra: Hiu bit cng vic: Chp nhn / Khng kim tra (xo nhng ni dung khng thch hp)

S ca ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra

nh (nu c qui nh)

Cc chi tit v kim tra mi hn Phng php hn Tm hoc ng Kiu mi ni Nhm kim loi c bn Loi kim loi b sung / k hiu kh bo v Vt liu ph Chiu dy chi tit kim tra (mm) ng knh ngoi ca ng (mm) T th hn To rnh / m lt mt sau mi hn

Phm vi chp nhn

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Cc thng tin ph thm (b sung) trn t km theo v hoc s yu cu k thut ca qui trnh hn

Kiu kim tra

c thc hin v c th chp nhn

Khng yu cu

Tn, ngy v ch k Ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra Ngy pht Ni pht

Bng mt Chp tia bc x Ht thu Th i Ph hu Un Kim sung1) Km theo mt t ring nu cn tra b t /thm

Hiu lc ca chp nhn ti

Gia hn chp nhn bi ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra cho 2 nm sau (theo 10.2)

Ngy

Ch k

Chc v

Gia hn chp nhn bi ngi ch/ngi iu phi cho 6 thng sau (theo 10.2)

Ngy

Ch k

Chc v

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Ph lc C
(tham kho)

Yu cu k thut ca qui trnh hn ca c s sn xut (WPS) (xem ISO 9956-2 / sa i1)

a im S qui trnh hn ca c s sn xut S WPAR C s sn xut Tn th hn Phng php hn Kiu mi ni Chi tit v chun b mi hn (phc tho)

Ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra Phng php chun b v lm sch c tnh k thut ca kim loi c bn

Chiu dy vt liu (mm) ng knh ngoi (mm) T th hn

Kt cu mi ni

Trnh t hn

Cc chi tit v cng vic hn

ng hn

Phng php hn

C kim loi b sung

Dng in hn A

in p h quang V

Loi dng in/cc tnh

Tc cp dy

Tc hn*

Gia nhit*

* Nu cn thit

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Loi kim loi b sung v k hiu hng ho S nung kh hoc sy kh:

Cc thng tin khc v d dao ng ( tng chiu rng ng hn (chiu rng max)

Kh/thuc hn bo v m lt mt sau mi hn lu lng kh bo v mt sau mi hn Kch thc loi in cc volfam Chi tit v to rnh mt sau mi hn

Lc: bin , tn s, thi gian dng b mt (phun nhit) chi tit v s hn xung

Khong cch gia m hn v chi tit Chi tit v hn plasma

Nhit nung nng s b: Nhit b sung gia cc ng hn: X l nhit sau khi hn v/hoc ho gi Thi gian, nhit , phng php Tc nung nng v lm ngui Gc nghing m hn

C s sn xut Tn, ngy v ch k

Ngi kim tra hoc c quan kim tra Tn, ngy v ch k

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Ph lc D
(tham kho)

Hiu bit cng vic hn

D.1 Qui nh chung Nn kim tra hiu bit cng vic hn nhng vic kim tra ny khng bt buc. Nu thc hin vic kim tra ny th kt qu cn c ghi trn chng ch th hn. Ph lc ny vch ra nhng nt chung v hiu bit cng vic hn m th hn cn c tun theo cc qui trnh hn v p ng c cc yu cu v thc hnh cng vic hn. Hiu bit cng vic hn c gii thiu trong ph lc ny ch l nhng kin thc mc c bn nht. Do chng trnh o to khc nhau, nn y ch tiu chun ho nhng i tng hoc hng mc chung ca hiu bit cng vic hn. Cc cu hi thc t c dng bao gm cc cu hi c nu trong D.2 c lin quan ti kim tra chp nhn th hn. Cc kim tra thc t v hiu bit cng vic hn ca th hn c th c a ra bng cc phng php sau hoc lin hp ca cc phng php ny. a) cc kim tra vit (chn theo kiu rt thm); b) hi vn p theo mt b cc cu hi vit; c) kim tra my tnh; d) kim tra s thao din / quan st nhn xt theo mt b cc ch tiu vit. Vic kim tra hiu bit cng vic hn c gii hn cho nhng vn c lin quan n qu trnh hn c dng trong kim tra. D.2 Yu cu D.2.1 Thit b hn D.2.1.1 Hn oxi-axetylen a) Nhn bit chai kh; b) Nhn bit v lp rp cc chi tit cn thit; c) La chn ng vi v m hn. D.2.1.2 Hn h quang a) Nhn bit v lp rp cc chi tit v thit b cn thit; 34

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b) loi dng in hn; c) Ni ng cp hn. D.2.2 Phng php hn D.2.2.1 Hn oxi-axetylen (311) a) p sut kh; b) La chn c vi; c) Loi ngn la hn; d) Hiu qu ca qu nhit. D.2.2.2 Hn h quang in cc kim loi c thuc bc (111) (hn h quang tay) a) Bo qun v sy in cc (que hn); b) S khc nhau ca cc loi in cc (que hn). D.2.2.3 Hn h quang trong mi trng kh bo v (114, 131, 135, 136, 141, 15) a) Loi v c in cc; b) Nhn bit kh bo v v lu lng (114); c) Loi, c v bo qun vi/u ni; d) La chn v hn ch phng php di chuyn git kim loi; e) Bo v h quang hn khi gi la. D.2.2.4 Hn h quang di lp thuc (12) a) Lm kh, cho thm v ph li ng cht thuc hn; b) Hiu chnh v chuyn dch u hn. D.2.3 Kim loi c bn a) Nhn bit vt liu; b) phng php v kim tra nung s b; c) Kim tra nhit nung nng gia cc ng hn. D.2.4 Vt liu hn a) Nhn bit vt liu hn; b) Tn cha, bo qun v cc iu kin ca vt liu hn; c) La chn ng c kch;

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d) Lm sch que hn v dy hn; e) Kim tra cun dy hn; f) Kim tra cht lng v iu khin lu lng kh. D.2.5 An ton v ngn nga s c D.2.5.1 Yu cu chung a) Qui trnh lp rp, m v ng an ton; b) Kim tra an ton khi v kh hn; c) Bo v con ngi; d) Nguy him chy; e) Hn trong cc khng gian hn hp; f) Nhn thc v mi trng hn. D.2.5.2 Hn oxi-axetylen a) An ton v tn cha, xp d v s dng an ton kh nn; b) Pht hin s r r ng dn kh v ph tng ng ng dn kh; c) Qui trnh cn phi lm trong trng hp c ngn la chy ngc. D.2.5.3 Phng php hn h quang a) Nguy him do in git; b) Bc x nhit ca h quang; c) Hiu qu ca h quang phun. D.2.5.4 Hn h quang trong kh bo v a) Tn cha, xp d v s dng an ton kh nn; b) Pht hin r r ng dn kh v ph tng ng ng dn kh. D.2.6 Qui trnh hn nh gi cc yu cu ca qui trnh hn v nh hng ca cc thng s hn. D.2.7 Chun b mp hn v th hin mi hn a) Ph hp vi s chun b mi hn theo yu cu k thut ca qui trnh (WPS); b) Lm sch b mt nng chy. 36

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D.2.8 Khuyt tt a) Nhn bit cc khuyt tt; b) Nguyn nhn; c) Ngn nga v tin hnh sa cha. D.2.9 Chp nhn th hn Th hn phi nhn thc c phm vi c chp nhn.

_________________________________________

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