Strength Sol CH 03

Oct 2013
Chapter 3
Torsion

:

.
9 4444 062
Physics I/II, English 123, Statics, Dynamics, Strength, Structure I/II, C++, Java, Data, Algorithms, Numerical, Economy
. info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260
eng-hs.com, eng-hs.net
Oct 2013
Stress due to Torsion

( )T
( )shear stress

.
TC
J
A A :
rad
TL
JG
Gears
Gear Gear :
A rA B rB
rA
rB
TA
TB
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
Power
when a shaft is used to transmit power:
P 2 f T
P power transmitte d in Watt
f
frequency round per second
tork on shaft
Moment of Inertia
solid shafts:
Ix
Iy
1
r4
4
1
r4
2
hollow shafts:
Ix
Iy
1
(c24 c14 )
4
1
(c24 c14 )
2
9 4444 062
info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .
Oct 2013
Fig.P3.1
TC
torque
shearing
) (1.5 103 ) (22 10 3
1
(22 10 3 ) 4
2
cylindrical
shaft
89.7 MPa

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
a)
TC
(3 103 ) r
2
b)
TC
(3 103 ) (15 10 3 )
2
c)
2 (3 103 )
(30 10 3 )3
(30 10 3 ) 4
70.7 MPa
35.4 MPa
T1 : Ttotal
F1 d1 : Ftotal d total
1 A1 d1 : 2 A2 d 2
35.4
15
70.7
30
( 152 )
:
( 302 )
2
2
2
2
1 : 16
%
1
6.25 %
16

9 4444 062
Oct 2013
for spindle:

84 * 106
T C
J
Tspindle * (19 * 10
(19 * 10
3 4
Fig.P3.8
Tspindle
905 N . m
for sleeve
spindle
sleeve
brass
torque
50 * 10
shearing
T C
J
Tsleeve 2.08
Tsleeve * (37.5 * 10 3 )
((37.5 * 10 3 ) 4 (31.5 * 10 3 ) 4 )
kN . m
Choose smallest, Tmax = 905 N.m
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
3-11
TC
J
Tr
r4
2
2T
r3
Fig.P3.11
torques

) 2 (2.8 103
(28 10 3 )3
AB
)a
81.2 MPa

operate
torque
shaft
shearing
2 2.8 1.4 10
(24 10 3 )3
BC
)b
64.5 MPa
2 (2.8 1.4 0.9) 103

(24 10 3 )3
CD
)c
23.0 MPa

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
2T
r3
T r
r4
T C
J
2
2T
r3
2 * 400
) * (60 * 106
3
rAB
)a
Fig.P3.14
shaft
0.0162 m
rAB
32.38
d AB
mm
pulley
redesign
shearing
allowable
)b
2 * 800
) * (60 * 106
3
rBC
0.0204 m
rBC
40.8
d BC
mm

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
all
T C
J
T r
2
r3
3
rsteel
a)
rst
d
r4
2T
r3
2T
all
2 900
(100 106 )
0.0179 m
35.8
mm
shearing
b)
3
rbrass
2 900
(60 106 )
torque
brass
rbrass 0.0212 m
d
42.43
mm

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
3-16
all T C
J
all
all
r4
r 3 all
r
2
) * (18 * 10 3 )3 * (100 * 106
neglect
shearing
Tsteel
916 N . m
torque
concentration
3 3
) * (20 * 10 ) * (60 * 10
6
Tbrass
754 N . m

. . .
.
Tmin = 754 N.m
Choose
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
T C
J
T r
r4
2
2T
r3
2T
Fig.P3.17
shaft
brass
shear
mm
3
r AB
0.021
rAB
2 * 800
) * (55 * 10 6
solid
r3
42
2 * 400
) * (55 * 10 6
)a
d AB
)b
3
rBC
0.0167
rBC
mm
33 .33
d BC

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
3-22
100
40
100
40
2T
r3
Torques
Gears
shear
shaft
* 900
TAB
2,250 N . m
Fig.P3.22
torque
TAB
TCD
T r
r4
T C
J
2
a) for shaft AB
2 * 2,250
* (30 * 103 )3
53.05 MPa
b) for shaft CD
50.3 MPa
2 * 900
* (22.5 * 103 )3

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
all
T C
J
T r
2
r3
r4
2T
r3
2T
all
a) shaft AB
2 * 900
(50 * 106 )
3
rAB
rAB
0.0225 m
d AB
45.1 mm
b) shaft CD
TCD
TAB
rGearC
solid
rGearB
shaft
gears
TCD
240
900
80
TCD 2700 N . m
torque
twist
2 * 2700
(50 * 106 )
3
rCD
3
rCD
0.0325 m
d CD
65.0 mm

.
)(
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
3-24
TCD
TAB
240
80
TCD
3 TAB
T C
J
3T
r4
r
r3
Fig.P3.24
a) For shaft AB:
shaft
consider
twist
* (24 * 10 3 )3 * (60 * 106 )
1303 N . m
b) For shaft CD:
3T
T
Choose
* (33 * 10 3 )3 * (60 * 106 )

2
1129 N . m
Tmin = 1.129 kN.m
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
3-32
T L
JG
)a
250 N.m
250 * 1.8
) * (15 * 10 3 ) 4 * (77 * 109
0.0735 rad
solid
shaft
twist
4.21
)b
250 * 1.8
) * ((15 * 10 3 ) 4 (10 * 10 3 ) 4 ) * (77 * 109
0.092 rad
5.25

9 4444 062
Oct 2013
T L
J G
J G
L
C
J
T .
Fig.P3.33
C
J
ship
T C
J
J G
L
G C
L
ocean
(2 2 ) (77.2 109 ) (100 10 3 ) drill
1500
revolution

torsion
64.7 MPa

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
T L
JG
200 * 1.2
) * ( 22 * 10 3 ) 4 * ( 27 * 109
2
0.0242 rad
)a
Fig.P3.35
BC
exert
1.384
torque
shaft
rotate
pulley
twist
)b
500 * 0.9
) * ( 24 * 10 3 ) 4 * ( 27 * 109
CD
0.032 rad
1.832
3.216
CD
BC
BD

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
T L
JG
800 0.4
) (18 10 3 ) 4 (27 109
Fig.P3.38
AB
0.0719 rad
rod
bond
brass
hollow
4.118
(800 1600) 0.375

) (30 10 3 ) 4 (39 109
twist
1.039
0.01814 rad
2400 0.25
) ((30 10 3 ) 4 (20 10 3 ) 4 ) (39 * 109
0.863
CD
0.0151 rad
AB BC CD
6.02
BC
AD
0.1051 rad

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
TEF
TAB
rE
rB
150
110
177 .3 N . m
TL

JG
177 .3 0.3
EF
3 4
9
(11 10 ) (77 10 )
2
0.03 rad
130 0.35
AB
3 4
9
(11 10 ) (77 10 )
2
0.0257 rad
TEF
130
Fig.P3.40
B rB E rE
shaft
B 110 0.03 150
fix
rotate
B 0.041 rad
A
B AB
0.041 0.0257
0.0666 rad
3.82
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Oct 2013
rB
rC
240
80
N. m
1200 * 1.6
9
3 4
) * (21 * 10 ) * (77.2 * 10
rad
) * (30 * 10 ) * (77.2 * 10
solid
shaft
gears
rotate
rad
TCD
AB
2
0.0814
3600 * 1.2
3 4
3600
T L
JG
Fig.P3.41
TAB
TCD
TCD
1200
CD
2
0.044
C rC
0.044 240
80
0.1319 rad
B AB 0.2133 rad
180
* 0.2133 12.22
B rB
B
B
A
A
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
TCD
TAB
40
100
TAB
2500 N . m
T C
60 * 106
r
AB
CD
C rC
D
1.5 *
180
r
J
2500 * r
* r4
2
0.0298 m,
T L
JG
T L
JG
B rB
Choose
59.65 mm
2500 * 0.4
8.27 * 10 9
r4
4.96 * 10 9
r4
20.7 * 10 9
r4
* r 4 ) * (77 * 109 )
1000 * 0.6
* r ) * (77 * 10 )
C 2.5 B
C CD
25.7 * 10 9
r4
25.7 * 10 9
r4
0.0315 m,
dmax = 62.9 mm
62.9
mm
9 4444 062
Oct 2013

60 106
TC
J
(800) r
r4
2
0.02 m
40.8 mm
o AD
1.5
180
Fig.P3.50
o AB o BC
(800) (0.4)
(500) (0.6)
4
4
9
9
r (77 10 )
r (77 10 )
2
2
0.021 m
42.1
mm
in design, always choose largest d = 42.1 mm
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
3-67
2 f T
T C
J
J
C
T
T
4
r
r3
2
r3
2 f *
2
2 f r3
a)
1200
*
* r 3 * (30 * 106 )
60
0.0115 m
9 * 10
allowable
shearing
solid
transmit
23 mm
b)
9 * 103
2 *
2400
* r 3 * (30 * 106 )
60
9.13 * 10 3
18.25 mm

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
a)
P 2 f T
720
(45 103 ) 2
T
60
T
597 N . m
TC
J
(597) (20 10 3 )
2
b)
3 4
47.5 MPa
(20 10 )
P 2 f T
1080
(45 103 ) 2
T
60
398 kN . m
TC
15.2
30.4 mm
(398) (20 10 3 )
(204 r 4 ) 1012
47.5 106
mm

9 4444 062
Oct 2013
3-76
a)
P 2 f TAB
12 * 103
TAB
1260
* TAB
60
90.95 N . m
2 * *
T C
J
T r
r4
2T
r3
2T
r3
3
rAB
2 * 90.95
r
6
AB
* (55 * 10 )
d AB
20.3 mm
0.0102 m
gears
transmit
b)
TCD
TAB
125
75
TCD
152 N . m
3
rCD
2 * 152
* (55 * 106 )
0.0121 mm
24.12 mm
operate
tool
CD
d CD
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
)a
P 2 f TAB
1260
* TAB
60
90.95 N . m
* 12 * 103 2 *
solid
shaft
transmit
operate
T C
J
) 90.95 * (12.5 * 10 3
* (12.5 * 10 3 ) 4
ab
ab
2
29.64 MPa
)b
tool
125
75
TCD
TAB
152 N . m
TCD
T C
J
) 152 * (12.5 * 10 3
* (12.5 * 10 3 ) 4

TAB
CD
CD
2
49.41 MPa
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
60 * 10
T C
J
T * (19 * 10 3 )
* ((19 * 10 3 ) 4 (15 * 10 3 ) 4 )
2
395
3

180
T L
JG
N. m
T * 1.5
* ((19 * 10 3 ) 4 (15 * 10 3 ) 4 ) * (77.2 * 109 )
337.6
N. m
Choose Tmin = 337.6 N.m
2 f T
100 * 103
2 * * f * 337.6
47.1 Hz
tubular
transmit
frequency
turbine

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
6 * 125 10 * 10
2
75
7.935 * 10
T
2t
3
3
5 * 10
) 2 * (6 * 10 ) * (7.935 * 10
52.51 MPa
hollow
shaft
concentration
neglect
3
3
5 * 10
3
) 2 * (10 * 10 ) * (7.935 * 10
31.51 MPa

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
3-151
T C
J
T rout
2
a)
4
(rout
rin4 )
AB
BC
TAB rAB
4
rout
rin4
90 * 10
104 54
0.096
TBC rBC
4
rout
rin4
CD
:
:
TCD rCD
4
rout
rin4
(270 90) * 12.5

(270 90 110) * 15
:
12.54 54
154 54
:
0.0946
0.084
max in shaft AB
b)
90 * 10 * 10 3
AB
AB
2
61.12 MPa
* (104 54 ) * 1012

.
9 4444 062
Oct 2013
0.0698 rad
4
*
180
) * (18 * 10 3 ) 4 (12 * 10 3 ) 4 * (27 * 109
T L
JG
JG
L
* 0.0698
1.25
)a
199.5 N . m
)b

2
rnew
) (182 122
shaft
torque
13.42 mm
twist
T L
JG
199.5 * 1.25
) * (13.42 * 10 3 ) 4 * (27 * 109

.
rnew
2
0.1813 rad
10.39
9 4444 062

Strength Sol CH 03

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Strength Sol CH 03

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Oct 2013

Stress due to Torsion

frequency round per second

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

) (1.5 103 ) (22 10 3

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

Choose smallest, Tmax = 905 N.m

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

2 (2.8 1.4 0.9) 103

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

) * (18 * 10 3 )3 * (100 * 106

Tmin = 754 N.m

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

a) For shaft AB:

* (24 * 10 3 )3 * (60 * 106 )

b) For shaft CD:

* (33 * 10 3 )3 * (60 * 106 )

Tmin = 1.129 kN.m

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

(2 2 ) (77.2 109 ) (100 10 3 ) drill

(800 1600) 0.375

B 110 0.03 150

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

in design, always choose largest d = 42.1 mm

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

Choose Tmin = 337.6 N.m

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

(270 90) * 12.5

info@eng-hs.com 9 4444 260 .

) * (18 * 10 3 ) 4 (12 * 10 3 ) 4 * (27 * 109

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