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. . . , . , M.Sc., .

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, 1992.


96-98%

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,
Pieter Bruegel, , 1563


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1.



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,
33C (-18C) .

CO2

CO2 40%
.

20%
.

80%
.


1850-2012,

,


0,78C.

1,5oC 2100,

5 , 2013
1850-1900.


15

(cm)

10
5

0
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-10
-15
1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

, ,
.

,
1950.


22 2007


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(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005)




2000

1860

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( ,
)

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(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005).

OI

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.

(Bufo periglenes) 1989


( , ).

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,
(Great Barrier Reef) 95% 2050
.

OI


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(Aptenodytes forsteri)

(Pygoscelis adeliae) -

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(Pusa hispida) -

(Odobenus rosmarus)

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(Eubalaena glacialis)
1
.

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.
.

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.

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(-1920)

.
Heodes tityrus


(Egretta garzetta)
1996.
2008 800 .


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,


26 , ,
1940 ,
.


Prunus jamasakura
600 . 20 ,
.

.
2003,

500 .


(Ciconia ciconia)
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Pluvialis apricaria ()
.

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22 2009

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(CBD),

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2010.

2010

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(1829 2010)

Aichi

2011-2020
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Aichi
:


1:
2020 ,

.

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11

(819 2012)


, &
2014
13
11

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11.2

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2C .

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2C
,
2020
50% 1990, 2050.

2020

20% -


, 1990

20% -

20% -

15 (COP 15)
(UNFCCC)



,
.

The Survival of the Fattest, Jens Galschiot, 2009

16
(COP16, UNFCCC)

K (29/1110/12/2010)

17
(COP17, UNFCCC)

TE . (28/119/12/2011)

18
(COP18, UNFCCC)

TOXA KATA (26/117/12/2012)

19
(COP19, UNFCCC)

(11-22/11/2013)

&
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2011

&
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( 89%).

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( 78%).
( 87%)
2050,

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( 54%).

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2007


;
(52%)
(42%)
(33%)

, , (11%)
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2007

TV/

//

15-24

38%

69%
69%

17%

8%

25-39

49%

56%

28%

9%

40-54

54%

42%

36%

12%

55+

61%

18%

41%

12%

2007

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