Analysis Undergraduate Courses ederico !ilano federico"milano#ucd"ie Summary $ Introduction to the PSAT $ Internet community $ Installation $ Executing the PSAT GUI Mode $ Case study and data preparation $ Ho to set up a test system !or poer !lo analysis $ Settings and poer !lo solution $ "ieing and analy#ing results $ $uestions% Introducton $ &hat is the PSAT% % Is an open source power system anayss toobox for Matab and GNU/Octave deveoped by Dr. Federco Mano. $ &hat is it used !or% % It can be used for power system anayss and contro earnng, educaton and research. $ &hat is this presentation a'out% % Is about how to use PSAT from scratch to do smpe power ow anayss. $ &hat ill you learn !rom this presentation% % Ths presentaton does not ntend to gve you nether a compete nor sod understandng of the PSAT program. % It serves as a smpe ntroducton to get you "up and runnng" wth the program. Internet Communty $ The PSAT (orum is an internet community o! de)elopers* program users and poer system enthusiasts+ $ More than ,*-.. users around the orld/ $ Part o! the 0pen Source nature an philosophy o! PSAT1 a spirit o! colla'oration+ $ 2ou can get help and as3 4uestions related to the PSAT and Poer Systems 3noledge+ $ Also* donload the most recent )ersion o! PSAT* PSAT 5ocumentation* sample data !iles* etc+ $ Hope to see you there/1 http166tech+groups+yahoo+com6group6psat!orum6 Instaaton $ 2ou ill 'e pro)ided a compressed tarball ith the most recent distri'ution o! the PSAT and the documentation+ $ 2ou can alternati)ely donload the PSAT !rom1 http166!araday7+ucd+ie6psat+html $ Uncompress the !iles and copy the 8psat9 !older pre!era'ly to the 8or39 directory in the Matla' directory+ $ It is ad)isa'le that you add the 8psat9 directory and its su'directories to the Matla' Path+ Executng the PSAT n GUI Mode $ 0nce PSAT has 'een installed type in the Matla' Command &indo1 :: psat $ A!ter a splash indo* the 8Main GUI9 ill appear in your screen1 Optons and settngs you w be usng View power flow results, Static Report icon Open a data file Run power flow Program settings Launch the PSAT- Simulin model li!rar" #to set up "our one-line diagram$ Case Study and Data Preparaton $ Poer !lo example !rom Grainger and Ste)enson;s 'oo3+ Case Study and Data Preparaton $ 2ou should prepare your system data in ta'les !or easy input into PSAT1 Votage base 20 kV System base 100 kVA System data Bus V Pg (kW) Og (kVAr) Pd (kW) Od (kVAr) type 1 1.00? ? 50 30.99sack 2? 0 0 170 105.35PO 3? 0 0 200 123.94PO 4 1.02 318? 80 49.58PV Lne data From bus To bus r (pu) x (pu) b (pu) 1 2 0.01008 0.0504 0.1025 1 3 0.00744 0.0342 0.0775 2 4 0.00744 0.0342 0.0775 3 4 0.01272 0.0636 0.1275 Settng up the system n PSAT $ To options1 data !iles or one<line diagrams )ia the Graphical =etor3 Editor using the PSAT<Simulin3 li'rary $ Simulin3 is used as a Graphical Editor* not a simulation environment+ $ A!ter you !inish draing your one<line diagram* you must sa)e the !ile and load it to PSAT it )ia the 85ata (ile9 !ield in the PSAT Main GUI+ $ This ill translate your Simulin3 diagram to a PSAT reada'le data !ile+ $ &e ill co)er ho to use the G=E* i! you ant to learn ho set up a data !ile 'y directly inputting the data* re!er to the PSAT documentation+ Usng the GNE Power Fow Components $ Clic3 on the Simulin3 icon o! the PSAT Main GUI+ $ The Simulin3 model li'rary ill appear+ $ 2ou only need to use to o! the su' li'raries+ $ &rag and dro' the com'onents you need to use in a blan( Simulin( file" TL from Abedu to Omo $ 5rag and drop the PI transmission model to a 'lan3 Simulin3 (ile+ $ 5ou'le clic3 on the component and introduce all the data+ $ >ine data1 (rom ?us To ?us @ A 26B <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< 7 B .+.7..C .+.-.D. .+.-7B- EUse per unit )aluesF Fna One-Dagram $ Geep adding each o! the remaining elements o! the one<line diagram+ $ I! you ha)e dou'ts on hat to enter !or each !ield o! any element* you should !irst re!er to the manual+ $ I! you don;t ha)e data !or any speci!ic !ield* use standard )alues+ $ The !inal result loo3s similar to the one on the right+ Remarks on Per Unt Vaues n PSAT $ The de!ault poer 'ase is 7.. M"A+ This )alue can 'e changed in the main PSAT indo+ $ ?uses de!ine the )oltage 'ase in 3"+ $ Per unit )alues o! each de)ice are de!ined 'ased on the poer and )oltage nominal rates o! the de)ice+ $ ?e!ore running the poer !lo analysis the per unit )alue o! each de)ices are con)erted to the system poer 'ase and to the )oltage 'ase o! the 'us at hich the de)ice is connected+ Very Important Remarks $ Poer 'ases alays re!er to three< phase apparent poers and are expressed in M"A+ $ "oltage 'ases alays re!er to line<to< line )alues and are expressed in 3"+ $ Impedance and admittance )alues are alays per phase+ Exampe on Per Unt Vaues n PSAT (I) $ >et assume the the system poer 'ase is S' H .+7 M"A+ $ >et de!ine to ?uses ith a nominal )oltage rate "' H B. 3"+ $ >et connect the to 'uses through a transmission line+ $ The transmission line has the !olloing data1 poer rate Sn H .+.- M"A* )oltage rate "n H BB 3" and resistance r H .+7 pu+ $ &hat is the line resistance used 'y PSAT% Exampe on Per Unt Vaues n PSAT (II) $ The nominal impedance on line nominal rates is1 $ The system 'ase is1 $ Hence the !inal resistance )alue used in poer !lo analysis is1 Z n = V n % S n = %% % &' =() *+ A Z b = V b % S b = %' % ,'' =-) ' A r system .. r line Z b Z n =') , () *+ -) ' =') %-% pu Hnts to avod Errors $ Use the same )alue !or the system poer 'ase and de)ice nominal poer rates+ $ Use the same )alue !or 'us )oltage 'ases and de)ice nominal )oltage rates+ $ I! the rules a'o)e are satis!ied* then 'ase con)ersion does not change user input )alues+ $ =ote1 i! Sn H S' H 7 M"A and "n H "' H 7 3" !or all de)ices* then one can thin3 as poers in M"A* )oltages in 3"* currents in 3A* and impedances in 0hms+ /lic on Load Load the mode to PSAT $ Save the Simulink model, AFTER saving the model LOAD IT to PSAT via the Data File !ield o! the "AI# $%I& Set the t"pe of "our file /hoose the file "ou created Runnng Power Fow $ @emem'er to adIust the settings to hat you desire E(re4uency is J. H# in the USF $ Clic3 on the 8Poer (lo9 icon+ $ A small indo in the Main GUI ill sho you the iteration process* you ill 3no hen the program has con)erged to a solution+ Vewng the Power Fow Resuts $ Clic3 on the 8Static @eport9 icon+ $ The 8Static @eport GUI9 ill appear in your screen+ Voltage #0agnitude$ Profile Plot Load or 1eneration View Solution for 2us , #A!edul$ Preferences 0enu Generatng a power ow report $ To generate a poer !lo report* clic3 on the 8@eport9 icon on the 8Static @eport9 GUI+ $ A text !ile ill appear in your screen ith the solution details+ $ 2ou can also set your pre!erences* such as Text "ieer in the 8Pre!erences Menu9+ $ 2ou can also chec3 limit )iolations and include shunts through the options 'elo the 8@eport9 'utton+ Report 2utton Power 3low Report