BB1O1 Engineering Science-T7

TOPIC 7 : BASIC ELECTRICITY

CHARGE ( Q )
Electric charge is made up of tiny particles called atoms ; unit in coulomb.

Q = I

Current ( I )
The rate of charge / elections flow pass a given point in a circuit. The direction of a current is opposite to elections flow direction.

I=
Voltage ( V )
An electrical force that causes current to flow in a circuit , measured in volt. It is equal to the amount of work per electric charge, that an electric source can do

V=
Resistance ( R )
The opposition of a conductor to the flow of electric current. It is the ratio of the voltage to the resulting current flow ; SI unit is ohm ( )

R= R=
- resistivity of material in m L Length A Cross-Sectional area

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Capacitance ( C )
A measure of the amount of charge stored on each plate for a given potential difference or voltage appears between the plates ; SI unit is Farad ( F )

C=
If = 1 coulomb at charge stored due to 1V applied across the plates. The energy storred in a capacitor, is equal to the amount of work need to cause the voltage across the capacitor, given as :

Estored = CV2 =

(CV)V = VQ

Ohms Law
The main basic electrical law, defines the relationship between voltage, current and resistance, with one ohm is the resistance value through which 1 volt maintain 1 ampere at current.

R=

V = IR

Conncection of Circuit Elements

In series or in parallel connection

Series connection

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Parallel connection

RTotal = R1 // R2 // R3 // ... Rn

+ ...

CTotal = C1 + C2 + C3 + ... Cn

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Direct Current ( DC )
Unidirectional flow of electric charge

Alternating Current ( AC )
An electric current whoose direction reverses cyclically copposed to direct current.

P = VI

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