CI351 Engineering Rock Mechanics

01 Introduction
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS W01.01 INTRODUCTION
Dr Rich Ghail
Room 335
r.ghail@imperial.ac.uk
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS R. GHAIL W1.01. INTRODUCTION
CI351/ESE5.04/EGSM.3 Engineering Rock Mechanics
Tis 10-week course is derived from the 22-week Engineering Rock
Mechanics course taught by Prof. John Harrison. Te course will cover
broadly the same materials, to the same depth, as the previous course,
which necessarily means a reduced practical element to the module. Like
that course, it is ofered to undergraduate Civil Engineering and Geology
students and to MSc students in Soil Mechanics and in Engineering
Geology.
Each week will usually consist of two 50-minute lectures and a one-hour
practical; some weeks will difer from this norm, for instance this week
consists of three lectures and no practical.
Undergraduates (CI351 and ESE5.04) will be assessed by an Assessed
Practical in November (20%) and an Examination early in the Spring
Term (80%).
MSc students will be assessed solely by Examination in the Summer Term.
2
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS R. GHAIL W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Course Content
3
Week 09:00 10:00 10:00 11:00 11:00 12:00
Week 1 -- 8 Oct
Week 2 -- 15 Oct
Week 3 -- 22 Oct
Week 4 -- 29 Oct
Week 5 -- 5 Nov
Week 6 -- 12 Nov
Week 7 -- 19 Nov
Week 8 -- 26 Nov
Week 9 -- 3 Dec
Week 10 -- 10 Dec
Introduction Stress In Situ Rock Stress
Strain Stereonets Practical
Discontinuities Intact Rock Practical
Rock Masses CHILE vs DIANE Practical
Classifcation Interaction Matrices Practical
-- Assessed Practical (09:30 11:30) -- -- Assessed Practical (09:30 11:30) -- -- Assessed Practical (09:30 11:30) --
Excavation Reinforcement Practical
Stability Surface Excavations Practical
Tunnels: Intact Rock Tunnels: Real Rocks Mining
Oil Industry Computer Methods Course Review
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS R. GHAIL W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Engineering Rock Mechanics
Engineering Rock Mechanics is the study of rock mechanics and
rock engineering and is concerned with all structures that are
built in or on rock.
Tis includes structures formed from the rock itself, such as
slopes and caverns, as well as engineering structures such as
dams, foundations, mines and petroleum wellbores.
Increasingly, it is becoming a key vehicle in the understanding
and design of novel structures such as nuclear waste repositories.
Te subject has existed since time immemorial, but as an explicit
engineering discipline in its own right is about 50 years old.
During that time there have been various changes in emphasis,
and this course provides up-to-date information and thinking.
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CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS R. GHAIL W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Integrated Rock Mechanics
Te course is probably unique perhaps globally in its
integration of the subjects covered and the range of students it is
taught to.
Te discipline of engineering rock mechanics is now extremely
broad, and the course covers all the main topics.
Tis is so that all students will gain an insight into all aspects of
the subject any of which may be of use at some time in your
future careers with a corresponding increase in understanding
of all rock engineering projects.
5
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS R. GHAIL W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Practical Problem Sheets
For each module there is an associated worksheet containing sets
of graduated questions and problems. Tese will usually be
undertaken at the end of the morning lectures but there are more
lectures than practical time, so not all topics are covered in each
practical.
Some of these missing topics will be covered in the Assessed
Practical!
A word to the wise work out which ones they are likely to be
6
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS J. HARRISION W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Rock as an Engineering Material
7
Rock as an engineering materiaI
This awkward stuff is the material
we have to engineer with. t is a
natural material, not one that has
been made or procured to a
standard.
We often have no choice regarding
its quality: infrastructure is
constructed where it is needed, not
where the rock is best.
n order to understand the
behaviour of this material, we need
to start with the fundamentals.
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS J. HARRISION W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Stress in the Ground
8
Stress in the ground
The stress state is a principal boundary
condition for rock engineering
drill a hole...
...insert a
gauge and
perform a
test
remove the
rock core...
...examine the gauge
HOW DO WE DEFINE IN SITU
STRESS?
WHAT OTHER TESTING
TECHNIQUES ARE
AVAILABLE?
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS J. HARRISION W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Components of a Rock Mass
9
Components of a rock mass
b
o
re
h
o
le
c
o
re
a
llo
w
s

re
trie
v
a
l o
f
s
a
m
p
le
s
fo
r te
s
tin
g

a
n
d
m
e
a
s
u
re
m
e
n
t o
f
fra
c
tu
re
g
e
o
m
e
try
b
o
th

HOW DO WE DEFINE ROCK STRENGTH?
c
o
re
s
a
m
p
le
s

p
re
p
a
re
d
fo
r te
s
tin
g
s
e
rv
o
-c
o
n
tro
l
te
s
tin
g
m
a
c
h
in
e
HOW FRACTURED IS THIS ROCK MASS?
WHAT IS THE STRENGTH OF
THIS FRACTURE SURFACE?
HOW DO WE
ANALYSE
FRACTURE
ORIENTATION?
Rock masses are composed of intact rock blocks
delineated by fracture planes
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS J. HARRISION W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Rock Excavation and Stabilisation
10
Rock excavation & stabiIisation
HOW CAN EXPLOSIVES PRODUCE
SUCH SMOOTH ROCK FACES?
WHY DO WE HAVE SUCH DIFFERENT TYPES OF TUNNELLING MACHINE?
WHAT IS ROCK BOLTING? HOW DOES IT WORK?
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS J. HARRISION W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Surface Structures
11
Surface structures
ROCK SLOPES (AND THEIR INSTABILITIES)
CAN BE IN CRITICAL LOCATIONS...
...AS CAN FOUNDATIONS
TO LARGE STRUCTURES
HOW DO WE ANALYSE
THE STABILITY OF
FEATURES LIKE THIS?
multi-storey car park,
Jersey
Kalgoorlie Big Pit, Western Australia
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS J. HARRISION W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Underground Openings
12
Underground openings
turbine hall in hydro-power scheme, China underground marble quarry, taly
copper
porphyry
mine, Chile
HOW DO WE ANALYSE AND
DESIGN SUCH A WIDE RANGE
OF SHAPES AND SIZES OF
UNDERGROUND OPENING?
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS J. HARRISION W1.01. INTRODUCTION
New, Critical Engineering Schemes
13
New, criticaI engineering schemes
ALL COUNTRIES WITH CIVIL NUCLEAR POWER FACILITIES ARE
EMBARKING ON DEEP GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL OF NUCLEAR
WASTE.
WHAT ROCK MECHANICS DO WE NEED TO PRODUCE
ADEQUATELY SAFE ROCK ENGINEERING?
CI351 ENGINEERING ROCK MECHANICS J. HARRISION W1.01. INTRODUCTION
Reading Material
14
t's a busy course,
but it's interesting, straightforward
and well structured.
There's even a dedicated text book
to supplement the course! And it's
available in large numbers in the
Central Library!