HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

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Nguyn Vn Hip

O HA MY CH THEO M HNH IN TON M MY TI KINDERWORLD

Chuyn ngnh: Truyn d liu v mng my tnh M s: 60.48.15

TM TT LUN VN THC S

H NI - 2013

Lun vn c hon thnh ti: HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: TS. ng Th Thu Hin

Phn bin 1: Phn bin 2: ..

Lun vn s c bo v trc Hi ng chm lun vn thc s ti Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng Vo lc: ....... gi ....... ngy ....... thng ....... .. nm ...............

C th tm hiu lun vn ti: - Th vin ca Hc vin Cng ngh Bu chnh Vin thng

H NI - 2013

LI CM N
Ti xin gi li cm n ti cc ging vin ca khoa Cng ngh thng tin - Hc vin Bu Chnh Vin Thng, ni cho ti nhng kin thc lm nn tng ti hon thnh c lun vn ny. Ti by t lng bit n su sc ti TS. ng Th Thu Hin Trng H GT Vn ti ngi hng dn khoa hc - ngi ch bo tn tnh v truyn th cho ti ngun cm hng nghin cu v a ti vo lnh vc khoa hc ny. Ti xin cm n ThS. Thanh Thy HGTVT c nhng gp , nhn xt v gip ti trong qu trnh lm lun vn. Cui cng, ti xin by t lng bit n ti gia nh, v cc bn b chia s v ng vin ti hon thnh lun vn.

M U
Nick van der Zweep - Gim c phn mm c s h tng ESS v o ha ca HP ni: Mt s trung tm d liu ch s dng 10% n 30% nng lc x l hin c ca h. o ha gip nhiu t chc c th chia s cc ti nguyn cng ngh thng tin theo cch tn t gi thnh nht, lm cho c s h tng cng ngh thng tin tr nn linh ng v bo m cung cp mt cch t ng vi nhng nhu cu cn thit. S dng cng ngh o ha em n cho ngi dng s tin ch. Vic c th chy nhiu h iu hnh ng thi trn cng mt my tnh s thun tin cho vic hc tp nghin cu v nh gi mt sn phm h iu hnh hay mt phn mm tin ch no . Nhng khng ngng li , nhng kh nng v li ch ca o ho cn hn th v ni gt hi c nhiu thnh cng v to nn thng hiu ca cng ngh o ha chnh l trong mi trng h thng my ch ng dng v h thng mng. Hin nay c nhiu nh cung cp cc sn phm my ch v phn mm u ch tm u t nghin cu v pht

trin cng ngh ny nh l HP, IBM, Microsoft v VMware. Tuy nhin, ti Vit Nam, o ha my ch thc s khng c quan tm cho n nhng nm gn y. Do cn nhiu vn v cng ngh v ngi dng cha thc s quan tm ti li ch v cn thiu mt i ng am hiu v cng ngh ny nn vic p dng n vo h thng l rt d dt. Nhng khi i mt vi thc trng khng hong ca nn kinh t ton cu th bt k mt doanh nghip no cng ch tm tm mt gii php tit kim hn. y cng l lc cng ngh o ha tm c ch ng vng chc trong lnh vc cng ngh thng tin trn th gii. Cng vi o ha th in ton m my cng ang l mt trong nhng cng ngh c thu ht c s quan tm ca c gii cng ngh trong thi gian gn y. in ton m my mc h tng c s (IaaS) l mt loi h thng phn b v x l song gm cc my tnh o kt ni vi nhau v c cung cp ng cho ngi dng nh mt hoc nhiu ti nguyn ng nht da trn s tha thun dch v gia nh cung cp v ngi s dng. Nhn thc c s cn thit v kh nng pht trin mnh m ca cng ngh o ha theo m hnh in ton

m my trong tng lai, lun vn o ha my ch theo m hnh in ton ti KINDERWORLD ca ti phn no gii thiu c ci nhn tng quan v hai cng ngh ny, ng thi a ra nhng gii php c bn cho mt m hnh o ha my ch quy m nh. B cc ca lun vn gm c 3 chng: Chng 1: Tng quan v cng ngh o ha: tp trung trnh by gii thiu v cng ngh o ha v mt s cng ngh o ha my ch. Chng 2: Cng ngh in ton m my: trnh by tng quan v cng ngh in ton m my v tng o ha my ch theo m hnh in ton m my. Chng 3: Thit k v trin khai gii php o ha my ch ti KINDERWORLD: xy dng m hnh o ha my ch gn lin vi cloud computing theo IaaS. Phn kt lun, phn ny trnh by tm tt v cc ni dung thc hin trong lun vn ny, ng thi a ra nhng vn nghin cu tip theo cho tng lai.

Chng 1- TNG QUAN V CNG NGH O HA

1.1 Cng ngh o ha 1.1.1 Gii thiu v cng ngh o ha
Khi nim o ha l mt bc tin mnh m cho vic ti u ha vic trin khai xy dng mt cch hiu qu ngun ti nguyn h thng bng cch tch ri mi lin kt vn c gia phn cng, phn mm, d liu, ng truyn, lu tr thnh tng phn ring bit.

Hnh 1.1: Mt server vt l trong h thng o ha

1.1.2 u nhc im ca o ha
u im Qun l n gin Trin khai nhanh Phc hi v lu tr h thng nhanh Cn bng ti v phn phi ti nguyn linh hot Tit kim

Nhc im Vn bo mt v lu tr vt l Yu cu my phi c cu hnh cao Nhc im khi qun l tp trung

1.1.3 Phn loi o ha

Type 1 Virtual Machine Manager: Hypervisor Hypervisor l mt lp phn mm nm ngay trn phn cng hoc bn di mt hoc nhiu h iu hnh.

Type 2 Virtual Machine Manager My o Java, hoc mt v d khc l common

language runtime (CLR). Trong c 2 v d s bt u vi h iu hnh host ngha l h iu hnh c ci t trc tip bn trn phn cng vt l. Hybrid Kin trc o ha mi hn l Hybrid, trong cc my ch o (VMM), chy song song vi h iu hnh my ch (OS). Phng php Hybird VMM c s dng ngy nay trong hai gii php o ha ph bin t Microsoft l Microsoft Virtual PC 2007 v Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2 .

1.1.4 Cc cng ngh h tr o ha

Cng ngh my o (Virtual Machine) Cng ngh RAID

1.2 Mt s cng ngh o ha my ch 1.2.1 Cng ngh Vmware ESX Server 1.2.2 Cng ngh Hyper-V
Hyper-V l cng ngh o ha server th h mi ca Microsoft v l thnh phn quan trng trong h iu hnh Windows Server 2008. Vi Hyper-V, Microsoft cung cp mt nn tng o ha mnh v linh hot, c th p ng nhu cu o ha mi cp cho mi trng doanh nghip. Hyper-V c 3 phin bn Windows Server 2008 64 bit l Standard (mt my o), Enterprise (4 my o) v DataCenter (khng gii hn s lng my o). Tuy nhin n h tr h iu hnh khch trn c 32-bit v 64-bit l im ni bt ca Hyper-V.

Chng 2 - TNG QUAN V IN TON M MY

2.1 Gii thiu in ton m my - Cloud computing 2.1.1 Khi nim Cloud Computing
m my (cloud) l biu tng tng trng cho Internet v thng c s dng trong cc m hnh, s mng my tnh. Do , in ton m my c hiu nh cch thc p dng cc k thut in ton da trn Internet. C th hn, l mt m hnh m mi thng tin u c lu tr, tnh ton, x l trong cc my ch t trn Internet. Ngi s dng c th lm vic vi cc thng tin m khng cn phi hiu bit v cng ngh, k thut v h tng c s ca m my.

2.1.2 Li ch v thch thc Cloud Computing 2.1.2.1 Li ch

S dng cc ti nguyn tnh ton ng

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Gim chi ph Gim phc tp trong c cu ca doanh nghip

Tng kh nng s dng ti nguyn tnh ton 2.1.2.2 Thch thc Chi ph Cng tc qun l Tnh sn sng Tnh ring t

2.1.3 Xu th Cloud Computing Vit Nam v trn th gii 2.1.4 Cc gii php - Vn v lu tr d liu - Vn sc mnh tnh ton - Vn cung cp ti nguyn, phn mm 2.1.5 Cc m hnh trin khai Cloud Computing

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2.1.5.1 Public Cloud

Cc dch v Cloud c nh cung cp dch v cung cp cho mi ngi s dng rng ri. Cc dch v c cung cp v qun l bi mt nh cung cp dch v v cc ng dng ca ngi dng u nm trn h thng Cloud. Ngi s dng dch v s c li l chi ph u t thp, gim thiu ri ro do nh cung cp dch v gnh vc nhim v qun l h thng, c s h tng, bo mt Mt li ch khc ca m hnh ny l cung cp kh nng co gin (m rng hoc thu nh) theo yu cu ca ngi s dng.

2.1.5.2 Private Cloud

Trong m hnh Private Cloud, c s h tng v cc dch v c xy dng phc v cho mt t chc (doanh nghip) duy nht. iu ny gip cho doanh nghip c th kim sot ti a i vi d liu, bo mt v cht lng dch v. Doanh nghip s hu c s h tng v qun l cc ng dng c trin khai trn . Private Cloud c th c xy dng v qun l bi chnh i ng

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IT ca doanh nghip hoc c th thu mt nh cung cp dch v m nhim cng vic ny. Nh vy, mc d tn chi ph u t nhng Private Cloud li cung cp cho doanh nghip kh nng kim sot v qun l cht ch nhng d liu quan trng.

2.1.5.3 Hybird Cloud

Nh chng ta phn tch trn, Public Cloud d p dng, chi ph thp nhng khng an ton. Ngc li, Private Cloud an ton hn nhng tn chi ph v kh p dng. Do nu kt hp c hai m hnh ny li vi nhau th s khai thc u im ca tng m hnh. l tng hnh thnh m hnh Hybrid Cloud. Hybrid Cloud l s kt hp ca Public Cloud v Private Cloud. Trong doanh nghip s out-source cc chc nng nghip v v d liu khng quan trng, s dng cc dch v Public Cloud gii quyt v x l cc d liu ny. ng thi, doanh nghip s gi li cc chc nng nghip v v d liu ti quan trng trong tm kim sot (Private Cloud).

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2.2 o ha my ch theo m hnh in ton m my

Mt trong nhng tng quan trng nht ca cloud computing l kh nng m rng v cng ngh ch cht l cng ngh o ha. o ha cho php s dng tt hn mt server bng cch kt hp cc h iu hnh v cc ng dng trn mt my tnh chia s n l. o ha cng cho php di tr trc tuyn (online migration) khi mt server qu ti, mt instance ca h iu hnh (v cc ng dng trn ) c th di tr n mt server mi, t ti hn.

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Chng 3 - THIT K V TRIN KHAI GII PHP O HA MY CH TI KINDERWORLD

3.1 Phn tch cc yu cu v cc dch v cng ngh thng tin ca Kinderworld

3.1.1 Gii thiu v Kinderworld

Tp on gio dc Kinderworld c thnh lp nm 1986 ti Singapore v c mt ti Vit Nam t nm 2000. Qua hn 10 nm hot ng ti Vit Nam, KinderWorld lun chng t u th vt tri trong lnh vc gio dc Vit Nam v c bit n nh l mt trong nhng h thng trng quc t hng u Vit Nam. Hin nay h thng cc trng hc quc t ca KinderWorld pht trin ti cc trng mu gio Quc t KinderWorld ti H Ni, Nng, Hu, Bnh Dng v TP H Ch Minh, Trng Tiu hc v Trung hc Quc t Singapore ti H Ni, Nng, Hu, Bnh Dng v Tp H Ch Minh. KinderWorld tin tng vo vic em

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n cho hc sinh mt chng trnh hc tp a dng, kt hp gia cc gi tr phng ng vi xu hng quc t hin i.

3.1.2 Nhu cu v cc dch v mng ti Kinderworld

Nm 2012, lnh o Kinderworld bt tay vo r sot nh gi li h thng cng ngh thng tin ca mnh. Bc u tin s u t, nng cp c s h tng mng, ti u ha h thng my ch. Nm 2012, Kinderworld min bc c khong hn 2020 hc sinh, c 10 Server vt l (Intel based) trn ton h thng. Cc Server vt l bao gm nhiu chng loi c trang b t nhiu Vendor khc nhau nh: IBM System x, HP (Tower, Rack-mount), FPT Elead. H thng lu tr DAS Storage khng hp nht bao gm nhiu t a khc nhau: IBM DS 4100, DS 4500, DS 4700 Series. Vic s dng ti nguyn cha hiu qu, qu trnh vn hnh qun l gp t nhiu kh khn khi nhu cu cp pht,chia s ti nguyn, d liu lu tr thng xuyn hn v a dng hn. Nm 2013, s lng hc sinh ngy cng gia tng, khong hn 3000 hc sinh, nhu cu v email mi hc sinh c 100MB d liu email, s lng

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nhn vin tng ln, nhu cu v qun l nhn vin bng cch ng nhp vo domain..v vy h thng cn phi nng cp, ti u ha h thng: mua thm server, chi ph bo tr, sa cha, tng dung lng lu tr, ngoi ra chng ta cn phi tnh ton kh nng m rng, nng cp thit b, phi kim sot vic bo mt d liu cng nh tnh sn sng cao ca d liu. C nhiu phng php thc hin ti u ha h thng my ch, trong o ha my ch l mt trong nhng phng php c nhc n rt nhiu trong thi gian gn y. o ha my ch l phng php c th p dng mi h thng my ch m khng pht sinh thm chi ph u t. N l mt bin php rt tt trong vic ti u ha h thng vi vic hp nht cc ngun ti nguyn ca my ch. H thng Kinderworld group c rt nhiu my ch, mi my ch c t nhiu ni khc nhau, v vy vic truy xut hay bo tr d liu l rt kh khn. V vy tt c cc d liu u c o ha trong m my gip doanh nghip gim thiu chi ph vn hnh bo tr bo dng.

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Gii php xy dng mt private cloud: Trong m hnh Private Cloud, c s h tng v cc dch v c xy dng phc v cho mt t chc (doanh nghip) duy nht. iu ny gip cho doanh nghip c th kim sot ti a i vi d liu, bo mt v cht lng dch v. Doanh nghip s hu c s h tng v qun l cc ng dng c trin khai trn . Private Cloud c th c xy dng v qun l bi chnh i ng IT ca doanh nghip hoc c th thu mt nh cung cp dch v m nhim cng vic ny. Nh vy, mc d tn chi ph u t nhng Private Cloud li cung cp cho doanh nghip kh nng kim sot v qun l cht ch nhng d liu quan trng. Tip nhn yu cu: ghi nhn li cc thng tin chi tit v yu cu h tr nh: loi yu cu (h tr, li pht sinh, yu cu nng cp sa i,), thng tin khch hng hoc ngi yu cu, hnh thc tip nhn (in thoi, email, chat,), Phn cng ngi x l: Qun l kho tri thc (knowlegde base)

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3.2 Thit k gii php

Nh phn tch trn, mt yu cu ct t ra y l quy hoch li h thng mng my ch p ng c: Cc dch v mng ca Kinderwworld bao gm: web, email, domain name, ng dng qun l o to, ng dng qun l ti nguyn, ng dng qun l ti chnh va chy trong mng cc b va chy trn internet. H thng n nh, kh nng chu li v phc hi sau li (failover), tnh sn sng cao (high available) H thng mm do, linh hot theo nhu cu ca ngi dng, c kh nng m rng d dng khi cn thit (do cc yu cu gia tng nh quy m o to, dch v mi pht sinh ) Ti s dng cc thit b phn cng c, tit kim chi ph u t thm mc ti a H thng c t trong Kinderworld v c kim sot bi Kinderworld.

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T cc yu cu t ra trn v kh nng h tr ca cng ngh thng tin hin nay, chng ti ngh khng tip cn theo cc gii php truyn thng m p dng in ton m my mc IaaS (Infrastructure As A Service) kt hp vi cng ngh o ha my ch xy dng mt m my h tng ring (Private Cloud) p ng c y cc yu cu ca quy hoch h thng mng my ch ca Kinderworld. M hnh ca thit k c minh ha trong cc hnh nh di y:
Web client Mail client Login client Application client

Web server

Mail server

DC

Application server

Hnh 3.1: M hnh Ti nguyn c chia s (Shared Resource)

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Trong m hnh ny, mt server vt l c o ha thnh 04 server: web server, mail server, server qun l min DC (Domain Controller) v server cha cc ng dng ca ring Kinderworld. Mi server o nh web server, mail server, u c a ch IP ring v c lp vi cc server khc v phng din cung cp dch v n cc chng trnh khch ca n. Ty theo nhu cu s dng dch v ca ngi dng m chng ta c th to ra nhiu server o hay khng trn cc server vt l. V d nh c thi im nhiu ngi truy cp vo website ca Nh trng th chng ta c th to thm cc web server o trn cc server vt l tht khc mt cch theo thi gian thc v t ng. Tuy nhin, nu sau lng ngi dng truy cp vo website li gim th chng ta thu hi web server o ti nguyn cho cc server khc (mail server, DC application server). Vi m hnh ny, chng ta thy, ti nguyn c s dng mt cch hp l ti a v co gin theo thi gian thc ca nhu cu ngi dng thc. Cc server o

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c to ra trn cc server thc theo ng nhu cu ca ngi dung theo thi gian thc, khng cn tnh trng c server th qu ti, c server th khng c ngi dng hoc rt t ngi dng, d tha ti nguyn m cc server khc li khng c dng phn d tha . Tuy nhin, p ng kh nng failover, high available, ca h thng th m hnh ny cha . Chng ti a ra m hnh tip theo ly ct li t m hnh trn v thm vo cc kh nng clustering gia cc server vt l. M hnh c minh ha trong hnh nh di y:

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Hnh 3.2 : M hnh ti nguyn chia s kt hp vi cng ngh clustering

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Trong m hnh ny: (1) Trn cc server vt l ci t Hypervisor (2) Hypervisor to v qun l cc server o trn mi server vt l. (3) File cu hnh ca cc server o c t trong thit b lu tr chia s chung tt c cc Hypervisor trn cc server vt l u c th truy cp c

Cc server vt l c qun l bi VIM (Vendor Independent Messaging). Cc server vt l s nh k gi cc thng ip trng thi ca mnh v cho VIM. Khi mt server vt l no b down. VIM s khng nhn c thng ip trng thi ca n trong khong thi gian timeout, n s iu khin server vt l khc trong cm clustering n qun l thay th server b down.

Cc server vt l trong cm clustering c hot ng theo ch active stand by. Tc l, ti mt thi im ch c 1 (hoc mt vi) server ch hot ng active, cc

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server khc ch ng (stand by) d phng. Gi s server 2 ang hot ng ch active , server 3 ch stand by. Server 2 b down v mt l do no , VIM s khng nhn c thng ip trng thi nh k ca server 2. Khi , VIM hiu rng server 2 b down, n s nh thc server 3 v di tr server o C (Virtual Server C) sang server 3. C th server o C s phi khi ng li mi tip tc cng vic. lm c iu , cn cng c di tr my o thi gian thc (live VM migration) c ci t trn cc Hypervisor. Nh vy, vi m hnh thit k th 2, chng ti thc hin c y cc yu cu ca quy hoch h thng my ch ti Kinderworld. Thit k ny c trin khai ti Kinderwworld v c kim sot bi i ng nhn vin cng ngh thng tin trong Kinderworld m bo y l mt h tng m my ring.

3.3 Trin khai gii php 3.3.1 Mc tiu

Xy dng m hnh o ha my ch gn lin vi cloud computing theo IaaS:

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Lp phn cng (Hardware Layer): cc my HyperV server, cc my DC (Domain Controller), cc thit b lu tr, ng truyn Lp o ha ( Virtualization Layer): Hyper-V role trong Windows Server 2008 R2 Lp t ng ha (Automatic Layer): Lp t ng ha bao gm cc cng c nh Windows PowerShell 2.0, Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) v WS- Management, Hyper-V Tool. Lp qun l (Management Layer): Lp qun l theo SCVMM (System Center Vitual Machine Manager), m nhim vic qun l, t ng ha vic cp nht, trin khai ci t, sao lu v theo di h thng. Sau khi xy dng h thng thc hin c cc chc nng sau: To, qun l, v sa i cu hnh cc my o. Qun l cc my o t xa.

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Phn quyn v cc hnh ng cho user i vi tng my o Trin khai gii php failover cluster cho cc my vt l nh gi hiu nng s dng ca cc my o, cng nh cc my vt l qua SCVMM Di tr cc my vi thi gian downtime khng ng k To v qun l cc my o qua giao din web

3.3.2 Ni dung 3.3.2.1 Ci t Hyper-V role, qun l my o vi Hyper-V Manager

Ci t Hyper-V role trong Windows Server 2008R2 To v qun l my o thng qua Hyper-V Manager.

3.3.2.2 Ci t v cu hnh Hyper-V Tools qun l t xa, phn quyn cho user
Phn quyn v cc hnh ng cho mi user i vi tng my o.

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Ci t Hyper-V Tool trn Windows 7 qun l my o t xa.

3.3.2.3 Trin khai Hyper-V Cluster

To cc node ca cluster chnh l cc my Hyper-V server Xy dng cc my o trn Cluster Share Volume Thc hin di tr cc my o khi mt trong cc node down.

3.3.2. 4 Trin khai qun l Hyper-V Server trn System Center Vitual Machine Manager
Ci t SCVMM Xy dng library, to cc template. Qun l hiu nng ca cc my o v cc my vt l qua VMM Administrator Console.

3.3.2.5 Trin khai to v qun l my o qua trnh duyt web

Ci t SelfService Portal Phn quyn cho cc group user role.

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Truy cp giao din web to v qun l cc my o.

3.3.3 Ci t 3.3.3.1 Ci t Hyper-V role, qun l my o vi Hyper-V Manager

- Kim tra yu cu phn cng ca my - Ci t Hyper V Role - Khi to my o - Snapshot my o - Export Import my o

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3.3.3.2 Trin khai v qun tr

- Ci t v cu hnh Hyper-V Tools qun l t xa, phn quyn cho user - Trin khai Hyper-V Cluster - Trin khai qun l Hyper-V server trn System Center Virtual Machine Manager

KT LUN
Qua nghin cu v tnh o ha trong cng ngh in ton m my- Cloud Computing ta c th thy rng: lun vn gii thiu v khi nim, kin trc, cng nh cc u, nhc im ca hai cng ngh: o ha server v

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in ton m my. Lun vn kt hp o ha v in ton m my xy dng ln gii php o ha server theo m hnh Cloud Computing. Lun vn a ra c m hnh v cch trin khai khi xy dng o ha server theo m hnh Cloud Computing ti cng ty Kinderworld. Sau khi trin khai lun vn t c kt qu sau : To, qun l v sa i cu hnh cc my o. Qun l cc my o t xa. Phn quyn v cc hnh ng cho user i vi tng my o. Trin khai gii php failover cluster cho cc my vt l nh gi hiu nng s dng ca cc my o, cng nh cc my vt l qua SCVMM. Di tr cc my vi thi gian downtime khng ng k To v qun l cc my o qua giao din web. Trong thi gian ti , nu c iu kin, ti s c gng nghin cu pht trin cc ni dung sau:

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Xy dng dch v o ha my ch cho cng ty c phn trng t thc quc t Kinderworld. Trin khai m hnh lp vn hnh (Orchestration Layer), tch hp vi b System Center, gip xy dng h thng qun tr v vn hnh trung tm tch hp d liu t ng, ng thi h tr cc Workflow to cc quy trnh IT.