TS.

Phan Minh c
Khoa C kh Giao thng
Trng i hc Bch Khoa i hc Nng
2010
Cng dng, phn loi, yu cu i vi HT li;
Cc thng s nh gi h thng li;
ng hc quay vng t;
Kt cu h thng li
V lng, trc li, c cu li:
Dn ng li:
Tr lc li (TLL):



C.dng: m bo qu o chuyn ng ca t

Cu to chung: 3 cm b phn
V lng, trc li, c cu li:
Truyn & tng m men t v lng n dn ng li.

Dn ng li:
Truyn chuyn ng t c cu li n cc bnh xe dn hng (BXDH).

Tr lc li (TLL):
Gim nh lc iu khin ca ngi li. C th c hoc khng c TLL.


m bo chuyn ng thng n nh;
Hnh trnh t do ca v lng nh;
Cc BXDH c tnh n nh tt;
Khng c s dao ng ca BXDH.
Bn knh + hnh lang quay vng nh;
m bo ng hc quay vng ng;
Gim va p truyn t ng ln v lng khi t i trn ng xu.
iu khin nh nhng (gii hn m men quay VL).
Cm gic li: T l m men iu khin & gc quay BXDH.

Theo v tr v lng:
V lng bn tri;
V lng bn phi;
Theo kt cu c cu li:
Trc vt con ln;
Trc vt cung rng;
Trc vt cht quay;
Bnh rng Thanh rng;
Bnh rng Thanh rng lin hp;
Theo nguyn l tr lc:
TL thy lc;
TL kh;
TL c kh;
TL in;
Theo s trc BXDH
B tr chung h thng li t 7 ch
H thng li vi c cu li kiu bng rng thanh rng, khng
tr lc, cho t c HT treo c lp kiu Mc Pherson.
S h thng li t
S HT li vi c cu li trc vt bnh vt, khng tr lc,
cho t c HT treo ph thuc

Bn knh quay vng nh nht ca t;
Gc quay BXDH Gc quay v lng;
C cu li:
T s truyn ng hc;
T s truyn lc;
Hiu sut.
Dn ng li:
T s truyn ng hc;
T s truyn lc;
Hiu sut.
Gc quay BXDH ln nht o
max
: ~40
o
R
min
ph thuc o
max
v l
T s truyn ng hc:
CCL Trc vt: T s gc quay v lng & gc
quay trc ra n quay ng.

CCL BR-TR:
C s chn TST:
Quy lut thay i TST:

d
i
d
u
e

e u
= =
e
T s truyn lc: T s m men trc
ra (n quay) & m men trc vo (v lng).

Hiu sut thun & nghch:

dq
F
vl
M
Mr
i
Mv M
= =
r F
T
v
Mr. i
Mv. i
e
e
q = =
e
HS thun ca CCL cn ln gim lc .khin v tn tht.

HS nghch cn nh gim va p t ng truyn ln v lng.
HS nghch cng khng qu nh, c cm gic li v gi vai tr
ca m men n nh.
Khe h CCL: Quanh v tr trung gian cn khe h nh
tng nhy khi xe C thng. Do mn phi iu chnh nn khe
h vng xa VTTG ban u ln, gim dn mi khi iu chnh.
t nh c svq. v lng v mi bn: 1,33 vng
t trung, ln c svq. v lng v mi bn: 3,11v


Ackerman Geometry:
BXDH c ng hc gn ng, do:
S lin ng BXDH hai bn phi tri;
Cc nhn t khc:
S trt bn BXDH lun xy ra khi quay vng;
a s cc HT treo tng gc quay BXDH khi ln;
BXDH c t vi gc dong, chm;
C s gia tng gc quay BXDH khi n dch chuyn theo
phng thng ng do HT treo bin dng;

Bn knh quay vng ca trng tm t:









Sai lch gc quay l thuyt v thc t khng qu 5
o
l
c th chp nhn.
HT li khng tr lc, CCL kiu bng rng-thanh rng
HT li khng tr lc, CCL kiu trc vt, cu trc
ch ng, kiu dm cu lin
HT li khng tr lc, CCL kiu trc vt, cu trc b
ng, kiu dm lin
B tr chung HT li t ua, cu trc b ng, HT treo c lp
B tr chung h thng li t con
HT li vi CCL kiu bnh rng-thanh rng,
tr lc in t trn trc li, dng cho t con 5 ch
H thng li vi CCL kiu BR-TR, TL thy lc
Cm v lng-trc li-c cu li tr lc thy lc,
tc ng CCL (Opel Vectra 1997)
Cm VL-TL-CCL
tr lc in (ZF)

Tr lc tc dng trn
thanh rng, ph hp
cho loi xe c ti
trng trc ln. Ch
ti ln nht:
105A/12V hoc
35A/42V.
Cm VL-TL-CCL t con Mercedes
S cm VL-TL-CCL ca hng VW
Cm VL-TL c th trt nh b phn ni c bit,
gim chn thng cho ngi li khi va chm
Kiu VL-TL-CCL ca hng VW b tr trn t bus
Kt cu CCL kiu bnh rng thanh rng
Kt cu CCL kiu bnh rng thanh rng

DL: Tp hp cc chi tit truyn lc t CCL n
BXDH & m bo ng hc ng cho cc BXDH.

T s truyn ng hc:
T s gc quay n quay ng &
gc quay trung bnh cc BXDH

T s truyn lc:
T s tng m men quay cc BXDH &
m men ti n quay ng

Hiu sut DL:

dd,
1 2
2.d
i
d d
e

=
u + u
dd,F
dq
M
i
M
E
=
dd,F
dd
dd,
i
i
e
q =
MT S S DN NG LI
MT S S DN NG LI
MT S S DN NG LI
MT S S DN NG LI
MT S S DN NG LI
MT S S DN NG LI
MT S S DN NG LI
TRC QUAY CHUYN HNG HTT PH THUC (1)
TRC QUAY CHUYN HNG HTT PH THUC (1a)
TRC QUAY CHUYN HNG HTT PH THUC (2)
TRC QUAY CHUYN HNG HTT C LP (1)
TRC QUAY CHUYN HNG HTT C LP (1)
TRC QUAY CHUYN HNG HTT C LP (2)
LIN KT CC KHU CA DN NG LI
LIN KT CC KHU CA DN NG LI
LIN KT CC KHU CA DN NG LI
LIN KT CC KHU CA DN NG LI
LIN KT CC KHU CA DN NG LI
LIN KT CC KHU CA DN NG LI
LIN KT CC KHU CA DN NG LI
CNG DNG:

Gim lc iu khin i vi t c ti trng trc ln
hoc tng tnh tin nghi i vi t du lch, nht l
nhng t dng lp bias c b rng ln;

Tng tnh an ton: Khi lp 1 bn n , tr lc li c kh
nng hn ch s thay i hng chuyn ng.

CU TO CHUNG:
Ngun nng lng:
B phn phn phi:
B phn chp hnh:
PHN LOI:

Theo ngun nng lng:
Tr lc thy lc;
Tr lc kh nn;
Tr lc in.

Theo v tr t tr lc:
Tr lc b tr tch hp vi trc li, hoc CCL;
Tr lc b tr ring r.

YU CU CHNH:
nhy ln;
.bo t l gc quay v lng & gc quay BXDH;
.bo cm gic ng. M men quay v lng
tng khi m men cn quay vng tng, nhng lc
.khin khng qu 100N;
Khi i ng rung xc, khng t cng ha;
Khi TLL b hng, HT li vn c th lm vic, tuy li
nng hn;
C tc dng ph hp khi n lp, m bo
hng C ca t.
THNG S NH GI:

H s hiu qu:
T s lc trn v lng khi c & khng c TL (K
TL
=115)

Ch s phn lc ca TL ln v lng:

nhy:
VL
TL
VL,TL
P
K
P
=
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, TCH HP C CU LI
TR LC THY LC, RING R VI C CU LI
TR LC KH NN, RING R VI C CU LI
TR LC IN

TTL in hin nay c p dng rng ri cho t con, c CCL kiu
BR-TR. Mo men t ng c in b sung tc dng vo trc li hoc
trc BR;
B .khin cm ng cc tn hiu: m men ti v lng, vn tc & v
tr v lng, tc t. BK tc ng lm C in sinh m men c
gi tr & chiu ph hp;
u im so vi thy lc:
Khng c du lun chuyn, kt cu ng c n gin hn,
khng c tn tht;
An ton hn, tc dng c khi ng c khng hot ng;
C kh nng iu khin m men tr lc tt hn;
n gin cc kt cu c kh.
Nhc im so vi thy lc:
Dng cho t con, do cng sut tr lc nh (U
aq
gii hn)

TR LC IN, B TR TRN TRC LI

TR LC IN, B TR TRN TRC LI

TR LC IN, B TR TRN TRC LI

TR LC IN, TCH HP C CU LI
Cm VL-TL-CCL
tr lc in (ZF)

Tr lc tc dng trn
thanh rng, ph hp
cho loi xe c ti trng
trc ln. Ch ti ln
nht: 105A/12V hoc
35A/42V.