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Bai Tap Ancolphenol
Bai Tap Ancolphenol
Bi tp ancol
Bi 1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v gi tn sn phm hu c trong cc trng hp sau:
a. propan-2-ol tc dng vi H2SO4 c 1400C
b. metanol tc dng vi H2SO4 c to imetyl sunfat
c. propan-2-ol tc dng vi HBr v H2SO4 c (un nng)
d. 2-metyl butan-2-ol tc dng vi H2SO4 c 1800C
Bi 2. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng v gi tn sn phm hu c trong cc trng hp sau:
a. butan-2-ol tc dng vi Na
b. etanol tc dng vi CuO (t0)
c. 3-metylbutan-2-ol + CuO (t0)
d. t chy ancol no a chc
e. C2H5OH + ?
C2H5Cl
f. hn hp (metanol, etanol) 1400C, H2SO4 c
g. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 + H2O/H+
h. glixerol + HNO3 d/ H2SO4 c
Bi 3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng theo s
a.
CH4
C2H2
C2H4
C2H5OH
CH3CHO
b.
C4H6
C2H5ONa
C2H5OH
(C2H5)2O
Cao su Buna
CH3COONa
CH3COOH
CH4
C2H5Br
c.
CH3CHCH3
C3H6
CH3CH2CH2OH
OH
C3H5Cl
C3H7Cl
d.
C4H10O
C4H8
C4H8Br2
C4H8(OH)2
dixeton
e.
C3H6
C3H6Br2
C3H6(OH)2
Andehit da chuc
A
G
A
R
Mt s dng bi tp c bn
Ancol tc dng vi Na
Bi 4. Mt ancol no X mch h c s nguyn t cacbon bng s nhm chc. Cho 9,3g ancol X tc dng
vi natri d thu c 3,36 lt kh. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca ancol .
Bi 5. Cho 11g hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc
dng vi natri d thu c 3,36 lt kh ktc
a. Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca cc ancol. Gi tn cc ancol
b. Tnh % khi lng mi ancol
Trng THPT Bc Bnh
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Bi 16. Cho 28,2g hn hp A gm 2 ancol no, a chc, mch h k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, tc
dng vi Na d thu c 8,4 lt kh hiro ktc
a. Xc nh CTCT v gi tn 2 ancol
b. Tnh % khi lng cc cht trong hn hp A
c. Oxi ho 14,1g hn hp A bng oxi d vi xc tc CuO un nng c hn hp B. Cho B tc
dng vi lng d ddAgNO3/NH3. Tnh khi lng bc to thnh. Bit cc p xy ra hon ton.
Bi 17. Hn hp A cha glixerol v mt ancol no, n chc, mch h B. Cho 20,3g A tc dng vi Na
d thu c 5,04 lt hiro- ktc. Mt khc 8,12g A ho tan va ht 1,96g Cu(OH)2. Xc nh CTPT,
CTCT B v thnh phn % khi lng ca mi ancol trong hn hp
Bi 19. Cho V lt hn hp kh- ktc gm 2 olefin lin tip nhau trong dy ng ng hp nc (c mi
trng axit) thu c 12,9g hn hp A gm 3 ancol. Chia A thnh 2 phn bng nhau
* Phn 1. em nung nng trong H2SO4 c, 140 0C th thu c 5,325g B gm 6 ete khan. Xc nh
CTCT ca cc olefin, ancol v ete
* Phn 2. em oxi ho hon ton bng oxi khng kh nung nng c xc tc Cu thu c hn hp sn
phm D ch gm anehit v xeton. Sau cho D tc dng vi ddAgNO3/NH3 d th thu c 17,28g
bc kim loi. Tnh khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp A v tnh V.
* Cho thm 0,05mol ancol no n chc, bc mt khc vo phn 2 ri tin hnh phn ng oxi ho bng
oxi khng kh, sau thc hin phn ng trng bc nh trn th thu c bao nhiu gam bc?
(Cc phn ng c H = 100%)
Bi 20. Cht X c CTPT C7H8O2
- Khi cho 0,62g X tc dng ht vi Na thu c V lt hiro- ktc
- Khi cho 0,62g X tc dng va ht vi dung dch NaOH 0,1M th s mol NaOH cn dng bng s mol
hiro thot ra trn v cng bng s mol X tham gia phn ng
a. Tm CTCT c th c ca X?
b. Tnh V v th tch NaOH dng
Bi 21. a. t chy hon ton mt lng ancol n chc A, thu c 13,2g CO2 v 8,1g H2O. Xc nh
CTCT ca A
b. Hn hp X gm A, B l ng ng ca nhau. Khi cho 18,8g hn hp X tc dng vi Na d thu c
5,6 lt kh hiro ktc. Xc nh CTCT ca B v s mol mi ancol trong hn hp X
c. t chy hon ton hn hp X trn, ri cho sn phm chy qua bnh ng nc vi trong d, thu
c 35g kt ta. Tnh khi lng hn hp X em t
e. Oxi ho m(g) hn hp X trn bng oxi khng kh c bt ng nung nng lm xc tc, thu c hn
hp Y. Cho hn hp Y tc dng vi ddAgNO3/NH3 d thu c 8,64g kt ta. Tnh m?
Bi 22. TN1. Trn 0,015mol ancol no, mch h A vi 0,02mol ancol no, mch h B ri cho hn hp tc
dng ht vi Na c 1,008 lt kh H2
TN2. Trn 0,02mol A vi 0,015mol B ri cho hn hp tc dng vi Na c 0,952 lt H2
TN3. t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp nh TN1 ri cho tt c sn phm chy qua bnh ng CaO
mi nung, d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 6,21g
Xc nh CTPT, CTCT v gi tn cc ancol.
Bi 23. t chy hon ton hn hp A gm 2 ancol n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng
ng thu c kh CO2 v hi nc c t l th tch tng ng l 5:7
a. Xc nh CTPT cu 2 ancol
b. Tnh % khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp A
Bi 24. t chy hon ton m(g) hn hp hai ancol no, n chc th thu c 17,92 lt kh CO2- ktc v
19,8g nc
a. Tnh m?
b. Tnh phn trm khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp, bit t khi hi ca mi
ancol so vi oxi u nh hn 2
Trng THPT Bc Bnh
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Bi 25. Ho hi hon ton 6,42g hn hp X gm 2 ancol no, mch h A, B 81,9 0C v 1,3 atm c
mt hn hp hi ca 2 ancol c th tch 2,352 lt. Cho cng lng hn hp ancol ny tc dng vi kali
d thu c 1,848 lt kh hiro- ktc. Mt khc, t chy hon ton cng lng hn hp X thu c
11,22g kh CO2. Xc nh CTPT v khi lng mi ancol, bit rng s nhm chc trong B nhiu hn
trong A mt n v.
Bi 26. Trong mt bnh kn dung tch 16 lt cha hn hp hi ca 3 ancol n chc, k tip nhau trong
dy ng ng. Gi nhhit bnh 136,50C ri bm thm vo bnh 17,92g oxi, thy p sut bnh t
1,68 atm. Bt tia la in t chy ht hn hp, sn phm chy cho qua bnh ng dung dch
Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng ln 22,92g, ng thi xut hin 30g kt ta.
a. Nu sau khi bt tia la in t chy ht hn hp, gi bnh 273 0C, th p sut trong bnh
l bao nhiu?
b. Xc nh cng thc ca 3 ancol
Bi 27. un nng hn hp 3 ancol X, Y, Z vi H2SO4 c 170 0C thu c hn hp hai olefin l ng
ng lin tip. Ly hai trong s 3 ancol trn un vi H2SO4 c 140 0C c 1,32g hn hp 3 ete. Mt
khc lm bay hi 1,32g hn hp 3 ete ny c th tch ng bng th tch ca 0,48g oxi cng iu
kin. a. Xc nh CTCT ca 3 ancol X, Y, Z
b. t chy hon ton 1,32g ete ni trn, hp th ton b lng kh CO2 sinh ra
vo 250ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 a mol/l th thu c 9,85g kt ta. Tnh a?
Bi 28. Mt hn hp gm 2 ancol n chc l ng ng k tip nhau, mi ancol chim mt na v
khi lng. S mol 2 ancol trong 27,6g hn hp khc nhau 0,07 mol.
a. Tm cng thc ca 2 ancol
b. Nu un nng hn hp 1400C, H2SO4 c th lng ete thu c ti a l bao nhiu?
Bi 29. Cho hn hp X gm 6,4g ancol metylic v b mol hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h l
ng ng k tip ca nhau. Chia X thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
* Phn 1: Cho tc dng ht vi Na thu c 4,48 lt kh H2
* Phn 2: t chy hon ton ri cho sn phm chy ln lt qua 2 bnh kn ng P2O5 v ddBa(OH)2
d, sau phn nhn thy 2 bnh tng ng c khi lng tng thm l a (g) v (a + 22,7)g.
a. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng
b. Xc nh CTPT, CTCT v gi tn 2 ancol.
c. Tnh phn trm khi lng cc cht trong hn hp X
Bi 30. Hn hp X gm 2 anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. t chy hon ton 5 lt hn hp X
cn va 18 lt oxi (cc th tch o cn iu kin nhit v p sut)
a. Xc nh CTPT ca 2 anken
b. Hirat ho hon ton mt th tch X vi iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp ancol Y, trong t l
v khi lng ancol bc 1 so vi bc 2 l 28:15
- Xc nh % khi lng mi ancol trong hn hp Y
- Cho hhY th hi qua CuO un nng, nhng ancol no b oxi ho thnh anehit? Ptp
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Ph o ho 11 CB -Tun29-30
III. DN XUT HALOGEN
1. Cht no sau y khng phi l dn xut halogen ca hidrocacbon:
A. CH2=CH-CH2-Br
B. Cl-CHBr-CF3
C. CHCl2-CF2-O-CH3
D. C6H6Cl6
2. Hp cht Y c iu ch t Toluen theo s sau. Xc nh Y
Toluen Cl2,as Y
A. o-clotoluen
B. m-clotoluen
C. p-clotoluen
D. benzyl clorua
3. Sn phm chnh ca phn ng gia propen v dung dch nc clo (Cl 2 + H2O) l:
A. CH3-CHCl-CH3.
B. CH3-CH(OH)-CH3.
C. CH3-CHCl-CH2Cl.
D. CH3-CHCl-CH2OH.
E. CH3-CH(OH)-CH2Cl
4. t chy hon ton mt lng cht hu c cha C, H, Cl sinh ra 0,22g CO 2 v 0,09g H2O. Khi xc nh Clo
bng AgNO3 thu c 1,435g AgCl. T khi hi ca cht so vi hidro bng 42,50. Xc nh CTPT ca cht hu
c trn.
A. C2H4Cl2
B. CH3Cl
C. CHCl3
D. CH2Cl2.
5. Cho ln lt cc cht C2H5Cl, C2H5OH, C6H5OH vo dung dch NaOH un nng. Hi c bao nhiu cht tham
gia phn ng
A. Khng cht no
B. Mt
C. Hai
D. C ba cht
6. un nng
A.
HO CH2
Cl CH2
Cl
Cl
HO
H3C
C.
HO CH2
Cl
Cl
CH2Br
H 2 SO4
X + HNO3
TNT
D. C6H5Cl
Cl CH2
CH2Cl
ONa
D.
NaO CH2
CHBr CH3
Br
ONa
HO CH2
CH2Cl
HO CH2
ONa
D.
NaO CH2
ONa
10. Sn phm chnh thu c khi cho 3-clo but-1-en tc dng vi HBr c tn thay th l:
A.1-brom-3-clo butan B. 2-brom-3-clo butan
C. 2-brom-2-clo butan
D. 2-clo-3brom butan
11. Mt hidrocacbon X cng hp vi axit HCl theo t l mol 1:1 to sn phm l mt dn xut clorua ca
hidrocacbon X c thnh phn khi lng ca clo l 45,223%. Vy cng thc phn t ca X l:
A. C3H6
B. C3H4
C. C2H4
C4H8
12. Hy chn ng cng thc cu to ca X (C 3H5Br3). Bit rng khi thu phn hon ton X bng dung dch
NaOH thu c sn phm Ycha nhm ancol (-OH) bc nht v nhm anehit (-CHO).
Br
A. CH3-C-CH2-Br
Br
Br
B. CH3-CH2-C-Br
Br
C. CH3-CH-CH-Br
Br Br
D. CH2-CH2-CH-Br
Br
Br
13. Phn tch hon ton 9,9 gam mt cht hu c A thu c CO 2, H2O v HCl. Dn ton b sn phm (kh v
hi) qua dd AgNO3 d, thy thot ra mt kh duy nht c th tch bng. Khi lng bnh ng tng thm 10,9
gam v c 28,7 gam ta trng. Bit trong phn t A c cha 2 nguyn t Cl. Vy CTPT ca A l:
A. CH2Cl2
B. C2H4Cl2
C. C3H4Cl2
D. C3H6Cl2
HBr
14. Cho s phn ng sau: ( X ) 3 metyl but 1 en . Vy (X) l dn xut no sau y:
A. CH3-CH-CH2-CH2Br
B. CH3-CBr-CH2-CH3
C. BrCH2-CH-CH2-CH3 B. CH3-CH-CHBr-CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
15. Cho phn ng sau. Hy xc nh B
CH2Cl
Cl
+ NaOHdu
to
B
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A.
B.
C.
CH2OH
Cl
OH
OH
D.
CH2OH
CH2ONa
CH2OH
ONa
IV. ANCOL
1. t chy 7,84 lt (kc) hn hp ba ancol no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng th thu c 15,68 lt
kh CO2 (kc). Hn hp ba ancol l:
A. metanol, etanol, propanol
B. etanol, propanol, butanol
C. propanol, butanol, pentanol
D. butanol, pentanol, hexanol
2. Dehidrat ha 2,24 lt (kc) hn hp hai ancol no n chc ng ng k tip nhau thu c hn hp A (gi s
hiu sut phn ng t 100%). t chy hon ton hn hp A, sn phm chy c hp th hon ton bi nc
vi d th thu c 45g cht kt ta. Hn hp 2 ancol l:
A. metanol, etanol
B. etanol, propanol
C. propanol, butanol
D. butanol, pentanol
3. Cho cc phn ng ha hc sau:
A enzim
B xt D + E
B +C
D xt F
F t,xt Cao su Buna
Cc cht A, B, F c th l:
A. (C6H12O6)n; C2H2; H2
B. C2H5OH; C2H2; H2
C. (C6H12O6)n; C2H5OH; H2
D. (C6H12O6)n; C2H5OH; buta-1,3-dien
H2
Cl2 , ASKT
OH
4. Cho s chuyn ha sau: A B C propan-2-ol.
Cc cht A, C c th l:
A. CH3-CH=CH2 v CH3-CHCl-CH3
B. CH3-CH=CH2 v CH3-CH2-CH2Cl
C. CH3-CH2-CH3 v CH3-CHCl-CH3
D. CH3-CH2-CH3 v CH3-CH2-CH2Cl
5. Cho s chuyn ha sau: C3H8 A B C Cao su Buna
Cc cht A, B, C c th l:
A. metan, axetylen, vinylaxetylen
B. metan, axetylen, buta-1,3dien
C. etylen, etylic, vinylaxetylen
D. etylen, etylic, buta-1,3-dien
6. Sn phm chnh khi tch nc t ancol 3-metyl butan-2-ol l:
A. 2-metyl but-1-en
B. 2-metyl-but-2-en
C. 3-metyl but-1-en
D. 3-metyl-but-2-en
7. iu ch hp cht c cng thc RCOOCH 2R phi dng hai cht no sau y:
A. RCOOH v RCH3
B. RCH2OH v RH
C. RCOOH v RCH2OH
D. RCH2OH v ROH
8. Xc nh cu to ng ca ancol isobutylic
A.
B.
C.
D.
o
CH3 CH2 CH OH
CH3
CH3 CH CH2 OH
CH3
OH
CH3 C CH3
CH3
C OH
CH2OH
OH
CH3
CH
CH3
CH2
CH
OH
A. 1,3-dimetyl butan-1-ol
Trng THPT Bc Bnh
B. 4,4-dimetyl butan-2-ol
C. 1,3,3-trimetyl propan-1-ol
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D. 2-metyl pentan-4-ol
E. 4-metyl pentan-2-ol
15. Kh metan v ancol etylic u phn ng c vi:
A. Dung dch NaOH
B. Dung dch Brom
C. Kh oxy nhit cao
D. Kim loi Natri
16. Trong dy ng ng ca ancol n chc no, khi mch cacbon tng, ni chung :
A. si tng, kh nng tan trong nc tng.
B. si tng, kh nng tan trong nc gim.
C. si gim, kh nng tan trong nc tng.
D. si gim, kh nng tan trong nc gim.
E. si v kh nng tan trong nc bin i khng xc nh.
17. Mt ankanol A c 60% cacbon theo khi lng trong phn t . Nu cho 18 gam A tc dng ht vi Na th th
tch kh hidro thot ra ( iu kin tiu chun) l :
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 3,36 lt.
D. 4,48
lt.
CH3
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d) Phenol c tnh axit mnh hn etanol v nhn benzen (nhm C6H5) ht electron lm tng s phn cc ca lin
kt OH, cn nhm C2H5 y electron lm gim s phn cc ca lin kt OH.
A. a; b
B. b; c
C. a; b; c
D. b; c; d
E. a; b; c; d
6. ng vi cng thc C7H8O c bao nhiu ng phn tc dng vi dung dch NaOH:A. 1 B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
7. Cng thc cu to no sau y l ca naphtol:
A.
B.
C.
D.
OH
OH
OH
O C OH
CH3
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C2H4
666
HO
1
2
10
a) vi (A) (B) 2 C2H2 C6H6 Toluen C6H5COOH
8
b)
Ag 2C2
a
H2 (1)
2
nH 2
nancol
nH 2
nancol
nH 2
nancol
1
ancol n chc.
2
= 1 ancol 2 chc.
Nu a chc
=
3
ancol 3 chc.
2
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Lu :
+) Nu cho hn hp 2 ancol tc dng vi Na, K m
nH 2
nancol
>
1
trong hn hp 2 ancol c 1 ancol a
2
chc.
+) Trong phn ng th ca ancol vi Na, K ta lun c: nNa = 2nH 2
+) gii nhanh bi tp dng ny nn p dng cc phng php nh: nh lut bo ton khi
lng, phng php tng gim khi lng, phng php trung bnh ...
V d: Cho 15,6 gam hn hp 2 ancol n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht vi 9,2 gam
Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l:
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH
C. C3H5OH v C4H7OH
D. C3H7OH v C4H9OH
Hng dn gii:
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c:
mancol + mNa = mcht rn + mH 2 mH 2 = 15,6 + 9,2 24,5 = 0,3 (g) nH 2 =
0,3
= 0,15 mol
2
M ROH =
0,15 mol
15, 6
= 52 M R = 35
0,3
2 ancol k tip l C2H5OH (MR = 29 < 35) v C3H7OH (MR = 34 > 35)
III. Dng 3: Gii ton da vo phn ng Phn ng chy ca ancol
* t chy ancol no, mch h:
CnH2n+2Ox +
3n + 1 x
nCO2 + (n+1) H2O
2
Ta lun c:
3n
nCO2 + (n+1) H2O
2
Ta lun c:
3
nCO
2 2
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- Ancol bc bao nhiu, tch nc cho ra ti a by nhiu anken khi tch nc mt ancol cho mt anken duy
nht th ancol l ancol bc 1 hoc ancol c cu to i xng cao.
- Trong phn ng tch nc to anken ta lun c:
nancol = nanken = nH 2O
mancol = manken + mH 2O
2. Tch nc to ete: xc tc H2SO4 c to = 140oC
- Tch nc t n phn t ancol cho ra
n(n + 1)
ete, trong c n phn t ete i xng.
2
mancol = mete + mH 2O
- Nu hn hp cc ete sinh ra c s mol bng nhau th hn hp cc ancol ban u cng c s mol bng nhau.
* Lu : Trong phn ng tch nc ca ancol X, nu sau phn ng thu c cht hu c Y m:
dY/X < 1 hay
MY
< 1 cht hu c Y l anken.
MX
MY
> 1 cht hu c Y l ete.
MX
V. ru (ancol).
- ru (ancol) l th tch (cm3, ml) ca ancol nguyn cht trong 100 th tch (cm3, ml) dung dch ancol.
rou =
.100
- Mun tng ru: thm ancol nguyn cht vo dung dch; mun gim ru: thm nc vo dung dch
ancol.
BI TP
Cu 1. Khi tch hiroclorua t cc ng phn ca C 4H9Cl th thu c ti a bao nhiu ng phn cu to ca
anken?
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
Cu 2: ng vi CTPT C3H8Ox c bao nhiu cht l ancol?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
Cu 3: C bao nhiu ru mch h c s nguyn t C < 4 ?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 10
Cu 4.Khi cho cht X c CTPT C3H5Br3 tc dng vi dd NaOH d thu c cht hu c Y c phn ng vi Na
v phn ng trng gng.Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A.CH2Br-CHBr-CH2Br
B.CH2Br-CH2-CHBr2
C.CH2Br-CBr2-CH3
D.CH3-CH2-CBr3.
Cu 5. Hp cht hu c X c CTPT l C 3H5Br3. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH long d, un nng ri
c cn dung dch thu c th cn li cht rn trong c cha sn phm hu c ca natri. X c tn gi l:
A. 1,1,1-tribrompropan
B. 1,2,2-tribrompropan
C. 1,1,2-tribrompropan
D. 1,2,3-tribrompropan
Cu 6: un nng hn hp ru gm CH3OH v cc ng phn ca C3H7OH vi xc tc H2SO4 c c
th to ra bao nhiu sn phm hu c ?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
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+NaOH, t0
H2SO4 dc,180 C
+Br2
+NaOH, to
But-1-en
X
Y
Z
T
K
Bit X,Y,Z,T,K u l sn phm chnh ca tng giai on .Cng thc cu to thu gn ca K l
A.CH3 CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3
B.CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3
C.CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2OH
D.CH2(OH)CH2CH2CH2OH
Cu 9 (C-2010). ng vi cng thc phn t C3H6O c bao nhiu hp cht mch h bn khi tc dng vi kh
H2 (xc tc Ni, t0) sinh ra ancol?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 2
D. 1
Cu 10: A, B, D la 3 ng phn co cung cng thc phn t C 3H8O. Bit A tac dung vi CuO un nong cho ra
andehit, con B cho ra xeton. Vy D la :
A.Ancol bc III.
B.Cht co nhit si cao nht.
C.Cht co nhit si thp nht.
D.Cht co kha nng tach nc tao 1 anken duy nht.
Cu 11: Chi ra cht tach nc tao 1 anken duy nht:
A.metanol; etanol; butan -1-ol.
B.Etanol; butan -1,2- diol; 2-metyl propan-1-ol
C.Propan-2-ol; butan -1-ol; pentan -3-ol.
D.Propanol-1; 2 metyl propan-1-ol; 2,2 dimetyl propan -1-ol.
Cu 12 (DH-08-A): Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), sn phm chnh
thu c l
A. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en).
B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en).
D. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).
Cu 13(DH-10-A): Cho s chuyn ho:
dd Br2
NaOH
CuO, t0
O2,xt
CH3OH, xt, t0
C3H6
X
Y
Z
T
E (Este a chc)
Tn gi ca Y l
A. propan-1,2-iol.
B. propan-1,3-iol.
C. glixerol.
D. propan-2-ol.
Cu 14 (DH-10-B): C bao nhiu cht hu c mch h dng iu ch 4-metylpentan-2-ol ch bng phn ng
cng H2 (xc tc Ni, t0)?
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 15. S ng phn thm c cng CTPT C7H8O va tc dng c vi Na va tc dng c vi NaOH
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
Cu 16: Co bao nhiu phan ng xay ra khi cho cac cht C 6H5-OH; NaHCO3; NaOH, HCl tac dung vi nhau
tng i mt?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6.
Cu 17: Cho s phan ng sau:
CH4
X Y
Z T C6H5-OH.
(X, Y, Z la cac cht hu c khac nhau). Chi ra Z.
A. C6H5-Cl
B. C6H5-NH2
C. C6H5-NO2
D. C6H5-ONa
Cu 18 (DH-07-A): Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol (ru) etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng
CO2 sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k
dung dch X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 550.
B. 810.
C. 650.
D. 750.
Cu 19 (H A- 2009):Ln men a gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng CO 2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch
nc vi trong thu c 10 gam kt ta v khi lng dung dch gim 3,4 gam. Tnh a.
A. 13,5 g
B. 15,0 g
C. 20,0 g
D. 30,0 g
Cu 20 (DH-08-A): Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ancol n chc X th thu c kt qu: tng khi lng
ca cacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ancol ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l
Trng THPT Bc Bnh
Trang 12/18
Trn Th Trang T Ho
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Cu 21 (CD-07-A): C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn cu to ca nhau m
phn t ca chng c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18%?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 22: A la hp cht co cng thc phn t C7H8O2. A tac dung vi Na d cho s mol H2 bay ra bng s mol
NaOH cn dung trung hoa cung lng A trn. CTCT cua A l.
A. C6H7COOH B. HOC6H4CH2OH
C. CH3OC6H4OH
D. CH3C6H3(OH)2.
Cu 23 (CD-07-A): Hp cht hu c X (phn t c vng benzen) c cng thc phn t l C 7H8O2, tc dng
c vi Na v vi NaOH. Bit rng khi cho X tc dng vi Na d, s mol H 2 thu c bng s mol X tham
gia phn ng v X ch tc dng c vi NaOH theo t l s mol 1:1. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. C6H5CH(OH)2.
B. HOC6H4CH2OH.
C. CH3C6H3(OH)2.
D.
CH3OC6H4OH.
Cu 24 (CD-10-A): Cho 10 ml dung dch ancol etylic 46 o phn ng ht vi kim loi Na (d), thu c V lt kh
H2 (ktc). Bit khi lng ring ca ancol etylic nguyn cht bng 0,8 g/ml. Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,256.
B. 0,896.
C. 3,360.
D. 2,128.
o
Cu 25. Cho 100 ml dung dch ancol Y n chc 46 tc dng vi Na va sau phn ng thu c 176,58
gam cht rn. Bit khi lng ring ca Y l 0,9 g/ml. CTPT ca Y l:
A. CH4O
B. C4H10O
C. C2H6O
D. C3H8O
Cu 26 (DH-07-A): Cho 15,6 gam hn hp hai ancol (ru) n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc
dng ht vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. C3H5OH v C4H7OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
Cu 27 (DH-09-B): Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt
khc nu cho a mol X phn ng vi Na (d) th sau phn ng thu c 22,4a lt kh H2 ( ktc). Cng thc
cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3-C6H3(OH)2.
B. HO-C6H4-COOCH3. C. HO-CH2-C6H4-OH.
D.HO-C6H4-COOH.
Cu 28 (DH-10-A): t chy hon ton m gam hn hp 3 ancol n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng, thu c
3,808 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,42.
B. 5,72.
C. 4,72.
D. 7,42.
Cu 29(DH-10-B): t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp X gm 2 ancol (u no, a chc, mch h, c cng
s nhm -OH) cn va V lt kh O 2, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 v 12,6 gam H2O (cc th tch kh o ktc).
Gi tr ca V l
A. 11,20.
B. 4,48.
C. 14,56.
D. 15,68.
Cu 30(DH-09-A): Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon
ton hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l
A. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3.
B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
C. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
D. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
Cu 31. Hn hp X gm 2 ancol c cng s nhm OH. Chia X thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 cho tc dng
vi Na d thu c 2,24 lt H 2(ktc). t chy hon phn 2 thu c 11 gam CO 2 v 6,3 gam H2O. Bit s
nguyn t cacbon trong mi ancol 3. CTPT ca 2 ancol l:
A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH
B. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2
C. C3H7OH v CH3OH
D. CH3OH v C2H5OH
Cu 32 (CD-08-A): t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c H 2O v CO2 vi t l
s mol tng ng l 3:2. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H6O2.
B. C2H6O.
C. C3H8O2.
D. C4H10O2.
Cu 33. t chy hon ton a mol hn hp X gm 2 ru A v B. Sn phm chy cho hp th ht vo
bnh ng nc vi trong d thy c 30 gam kt ta xut hin v khi lng dung dch gim 9,6 gam.
Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,2 mol
B. 0,15 mol
C. 0,1 mol
D. Khng xc nh
Trng THPT Bc Bnh
Trang 13/18
Trn Th Trang T Ho
Cu 34. Ancol n chc A chay cho mCO 2 : mH2O = 11:9. t chay hoan toan 1 mol A ri hp thu toan b san
phm chay vao 600ml dung dich Ba(OH)2 1M thi lng kt tua la:
A. 11,48g
B. 59,1g
C. 39,4g
D. 19,7g.
Cu 35. Chia a gam ancol etylic thnh 2 phn bng nhau. em nung nng phn 1 vi H 2SO4 c 1700C thu
c kh etilen. t chy hon ton lng etilen ny thu c 3,6 gam nc. t chy hon ton phn 2 ri
cho ton b sn phm chy vo 500 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH) 2 0,2M, sinh ra m gam
kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 19,70.
B. 17,73.
C. 9,85.
D. 11,82.
Cu 36 (DH-09-A): t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lt kh O 2 ( ktc).
Mt khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH) 2 th to thnh dung dch c mu xanh lam.
Gi tr ca m v tn gi ca X tng ng l
A. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol. B. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol. C. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol.
D. 4,9 v glixerol.
Cu 37: t chay ancol ch cha mt loi nhm chc A bng O 2 va u nhn thy nCO2 : nO2 : nH2O = 6:7:8.
A co c im:
A. Tac dung vi Na d cho nH2 = 1,5nA.
B. Tac dung vi CuO un nong cho ra hp cht a chc.
C. Tach nc tao thanh mt anken duy nht.
D. Khng co kha nng hoa tan Cu(OH)2.
Cu 38 (CD-08-A): t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca
nhau, thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d), thu
c cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y l:
A. C2H6O2, C3H8O2.
B. C2H6O, CH4O.
C. C3H6O, C4H8O.
D.
C2H6O,
C3H8O.
Cu 39 (DH-07-B): X l mt ancol (ru) no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu
c hi nc v 6,6 gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l (cho C = 12, O = 16)
A. C3H7OH.
B. C3H6(OH)2.
C. C3H5(OH)3.
D. C2H4(OH)2.
Cu 40 (CD-07-A): t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO 2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l
3 : 4. Th tch kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO 2 thu c ( cng iu kin). Cng
thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H8O3.
B. C3H4O.
C. C3H8O2.
D. C3H8O.
Cu 41(DH-09-A): Khi t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h thu c V lt kh
CO2 ( ktc) v a gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m, a v V l:
V
V
V
V
A. m = 2a B. m = 2a C. m = a +
D. m = a 22,4
11,2.
5,6
5,6
Cu 42: t chay hoan toan a gam ancol X ri hp thu toan b san phm chay vao binh nc vi trong d thy
khi lng binh tng b gam va co c gam kt tua. Bit b = 0,71c va c =
a +b
. X co cu tao thu gon la:
1,02
A. C2H5OH
B. C2H4(OH)2
C. C3H5(OH)3
D. C3H6(OH)2
Cu 43 (DH-10-A): Tch nc hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol Y ch to ra 2 anken. t chy cng s mol
mi ancol th lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 ln lng nc sinh ra t ancol kia. Ancol Y l
A. CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3.
B. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH. C. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH. D. CH3-CH(OH)-CH3.
Cu 44.Thc hin phn ng tch nc vi ancol n chc A iu kin thch hp .Sau khi phn ng xy ra
hon ton c cht hu c B. dB/A =1,7. CTPT A l
A. C2H5OH
B. C3H7OH
C. C4H9OH
D.C5H11OH
Cu 45. un nng mt hn hp gm 2 ancol no n chc vi H 2SO4 1400C thu c 21,6 g nc v 72,0 g
hn hp ba ete c s mol bng nhau. Cng thc phn t 2 ancol,s mol mi ancol,mi ete l
A.CH3OH v C2H5OH; 0,4 mol ; 1,2 mol
B. CH3OH v C2H5OH; 1,2mol ; 0,4mol
C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH; 0,4 mol ; 1,2 mol
D. CH3OH v C2H5OH; 0,4 mol ; 0,4 mol
Trang 14/18
Trn Th Trang T Ho
A. 15,3
B. 8,5
C. 8,1
D. 13,5
Cu 58 (B-2008): Oxi ho 1,2 gam CH3OH bng CuO nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c hn
hp sn phm X (gm HCHO, H2O v CH3OH d). Cho ton b X tc dng vi lng d Ag2O
(hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, c 12,96 gam Ag. Hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ho CH3OH l
A. 76,6%.
B. 80,0%.
C. 65,5%.
D. 70,4%.
Cu 59 (DH-08-A): Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng
ng tc dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so
vi H2 l 13,75). Cho ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d Ag 2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un
nng, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,8.
B. 8,8.
C. 7,4.
D. 9,2.
Trng THPT Bc Bnh
Trang 15/18
Trn Th Trang T Ho
Cu 60 (DH-07-B): Cho m gam mt ancol (ru) no, n chc X qua bnh ng CuO (d), nung nng. Sau khi
phn ng hon ton, khi lng cht rn trong bnh gim 0,32 gam. Hn hp hi thu c c t khi i vi
hiro l 15,5. Gi tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C =12, O = 16)
A. 0,64.
B. 0,46.
C. 0,32.
D. 0,92.
RU V ANEHIT
Cu 1a: Cho 6,6 gam mt anehit X n chc, mch h phn ng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O)
trong dung dch NH3, un nng. Lng Ag sinh ra cho phn ng ht vi axit HNO3 long, thot ra 2,24 lt
kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, o ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O =
16)
A. CH3CHO.
B. HCHO.
C. CH3CH2CHO.
D. CH2 = CHCHO.
Cu 2c: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l
A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
B. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
C. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
D. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
Cu 3d: Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon ton
hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l
A. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
B. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
C. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3.
D. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
Cu 4c: Dy gm cc cht u iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng) to ra anehit axetic l:
A. C2H5OH, C2H2, CH3COOC2H5.
B. HCOOC2H3, C2H2, CH3COOH.
C. C2H5OH, C2H4, C2H2.
D. CH3COOH, C2H2, C2H4.
Cu 5a: Oxi ho ancol n chc X bng CuO (un nng), sinh ra mt sn phm hu c duy nht l xeton
Y (t khi hi ca Y so vi kh hiro bng 29). Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3-CHOH-CH3.
B. CH3-CH2-CHOH-CH3.
C. CH3-CO-CH3.
D. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH.
Cu 6d: t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l 3 : 4.
Th tch kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c ( cng iu kin). Cng
thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H8O3.
B. C3H4O.
C. C3H8O2.
D. C3H8O.
Cu 7c: Cho 2,9 gam mt anehit phn ng hon ton vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch
NH3 thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca anehit l (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Ag =
108)
A. HCHO.
B. CH2=CH-CHO.
C. OHC-CHO.
D. CH3CHO.
Cu 8b: Khi thc hin phn ng tch nc i vi ru (ancol) X, ch thu c mt anken duy nht.
Oxi ho hon ton mt lng cht X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 5,4 gam nc. C bao nhiu
cng thc cu to ph hp vi X? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Cu 9c: Cho 0,1 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng
tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un nng thu c 32,4 gam Ag. Hai anehit trong X
l
A. HCHO v C2H5CHO.
B. CH3CHOCHO v C2H5CHO
C. HCHO v CH3CHO.
D. C2H3CHO v C3H5CHO
Cu 10a: Oxi ho m gam etanol thu c hn hp X gm axetanehit, axit axetic, nc v etanol d. Cho
ton b X tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO 3 (d), thu c 0,56 lt kh CO 2 ( ktc). Khi lng etanol b
oxi ho to ra axit l
A. 1,15 gam.
B. 4,60 gam.
C. 5,75 gam.
D. 2,30 gam.
Cu 11b: Qu trnh no sau y khng to ra anehit axetic?
A. CH3CH2OH + CuO (to).
B. CH2=CH2 + H2O (to, xc tc HgSO4).
o
C. CH3COOCH=CH2 + dung dch NaOH (t ).
D. CH2=CH2 + O2 (to, xc tc).
Cu 12a: Cho hn hp hai anken ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi nc (c H2SO4 lm xc tc) thu
c hn hp Z gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y. t chy hon ton 1,06 gam hn hp Z sau hp th ton
b sn phm chy vo 2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu c dung dch T trong nng ca NaOH bng
0,05M. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X v Y l (Cho: H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; th tch dung dch thay i
khng ng k)
A. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
C. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
D. C4H9OH v C5H11OH.
Trng THPT Bc Bnh
Trang 16/18
Trn Th Trang T Ho
Cu 13b: C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn cu to ca nhau m phn
t ca chng c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18%? (Cho H = 1; C = 12; O = 16)
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 14d: Ln men hon ton m gam glucoz thnh ancol etylic. Ton b kh CO 2 sinh ra trong qu trnh
ny c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH) 2 (d) to ra 40 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut ca qu trnh ln
men l 75% th gi tr ca m l
A. 30.
B. 58.
C. 60.
D. 48.
Cu 15c: Hiro ho hon ton hn hp M gm hai anehit X v Y no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng (MX < MY), thu c hn hp hai ancol c khi lng ln hn khi lng M l 1 gam.
t chy hon ton M thu c 30,8 gam CO2. Cng thc v phn trm khi lng ca X ln lt l
A. CH3 CHO v 49,44%.
B. HCHO v 32,44%.
C. HCHO v 50,56%.
D. CH3CHO v 67,16%.
Cu 16b: Cho 15,6 gam hn hp hai ancol (ru) n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng ht
vi 9,2 gam Na, thu c 24,5 gam cht rn. Hai ancol l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23)
A. C3H5OH v C4H7OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. CH3OH v
C2H5OH.
Cu 17c: Cho 0,1 mol anehit X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un
nng thu c 43,2 gam Ag. Hiro ho X thu c Y, bit 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi 4,6 gam Na.
Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho Na = 23, Ag = 108)
A. HCHO.
B. CH3CHO.
C. OHC-CHO.
D. CH3CH(OH)CHO.
Cu 18d: t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu
c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d), thu c
cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y l:
A. C2H6O2, C3H8O2.
B. C2H6O, CH4O.
C. C3H6O, C4H8O.
D. C2H6O,
C3H8O.
Cu 19a: t chy hon ton mt anehit X, thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O. Nu cho X tc dng
vi lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3, sinh ra s mol Ag gp bn ln s mol X phn
ng. Cng thc ca X l
A. HCHO.
B. CH3CHO.
C. (CHO)2.
D. C2H5CHO.
Cu 20a: t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c H2O v CO2 vi t l s mol
tng ng l 3:2. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H6O2.
B. C2H6O.
C. C3H8O2.
D. C4H10O2.
Cu 21b: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 ( ktc). Mt
khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung dch c mu xanh lam.
Gi tr ca m v tn gi ca X tng ng l
A. 4,9 v glixerol.
propan-1,2-iol.
B. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol.
C. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol.
D. 9,8 v
Cu 22a: Cho 3,6 gam anehit n chc X phn ng hon ton vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3)
trong dung dch NH3 un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Ho tan hon ton m gam Ag bng dung dch HNO3
c, sinh ra 2,24 lt NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Cng thc ca X l
A. C3H7CHO.
B. HCHO.
C. C4H9CHO.
D. C2H5CHO.
Cu 23b: Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ru (ancol) n chc X th thu c kt qu: tng khi lng ca
cacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ru (ancol) ng vi cng thc phn t ca X
l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Cu 24b: Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), sn phm chnh thu
c l
A. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en).
B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en).
D. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).
Cu 25c: Ln men m gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng kh CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch
nc vi trong, thu c 10 gam kt ta. Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 3,4 gam so vi khi
lng dung dch nc vi trong ban u. Gi tr ca m l
A. 13,5.
B. 20,0.
C. 15,0.
D. 30,0.
Trng THPT Bc Bnh
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Trn Th Trang T Ho
Cu 26b: Cho 0,25 mol mt anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu
c 54 gam Ag. Mt khc, khi cho X phn ng vi H2 d (xc tc Ni, to) th 0,125 mol X phn ng ht
vi 0,25 mol H2. Cht X c cng thc ng vi cng thc chung l
A. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2).
B. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2).
C. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0).
D.
CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0
Cu 27d: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol (ru) etylic vi hiu sut 81%. Ton b lng CO2
sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X. un k
dung dch X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Ca = 40)
A. 550.
B. 810.
C. 650.
D. 750.
Cu 28a: Cho m gam hn hp X gm hai ru (ancol) no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc
dng vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c mt hn hp rn Z v mt hn hp hi Y (c t khi hi so vi H2
l 13,75). Cho ton b Y phn ng vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng,
sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,8.
B. 8,8.
C. 7,4.
D. 9,2.
Cu 29d: Cho hn hp kh X gm HCHO v H2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung nng. Sau khi phn ng
xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y gm hai cht hu c. t chy ht Y th thu c 11,7 gam H2O
v 7,84 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Phn trm theo th tch ca H2 trong X l
A. 35,00%.
B. 65,00%.
C. 53,85%.
D. 46,15%.
Cu 30b: Cho cc cht c cng thc cu to nh sau: HOCH2-CH2OH (X); HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH (Y);
HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH (Z); CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH3 (R); CH3-CHOH-CH2OH (T). Nhng cht tc dng
c vi Cu(OH)2 to thnh dung dch mu xanh lam l
A. X, Y, R, T.
B. X, Z, T.
C. Z, R, T.
D. X, Y, Z, T.
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