7/24/2013

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QUY PHM THC HNH SN XUT TT
Chuyn gia: Nguyn Hip

0933.68.68.53
hiep@newkaizen.vn

Website: www. newkaizen.vn
T vn v o to cc tiu chun Quc t
2
7/24/2013
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T vn ci tin Qun l



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Hiu c
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Lm c
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Dy c
Trit l
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Ni dung trnh by
TRONG S CH V PHN PHI RAU QU TI
H THNG QUN L AN TON THC PHM
NH GI H THNG AN TON
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Phm vi, i tng p dng v gii thch thut ng

Phm vi
Quy phm thc hnh sn xut tt-GMP a ra cc
nguyn tc chung v thc hnh v sinh trong s ch
v phn phi rau qu ti nhm cung cp nhng
sn phm an ton cho ngi tiu dng.
Quy phm thc hnh sn xut tt khng a ra nhng
khuyn co v sinh trong thc hnh ng gi trn
ng rung cng nh thc hnh vn chuyn rau qu
ti ti khu vc bn l bao gm c cc ch bn l
trn ng ph.
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i tng p dng

Quy phm thc hnh sn xut tt c xy dng nhm
gip cho cc c s ng gi, cc u mi thu mua,
nh bn bun v siu th xc nh nh gi v kim
sot nhng ri ro trong s ch v phn phi rau qu
ti
Gii thch thut ng

V sinh
Cc yu t gy nhim
nhim
Kh trng
C s - Cc cng trnh hoc khu vc s ch v x l rau qu ti v
cc khu vc xung quanh c qun l trong cng mt h thng.
Mi nguy Yu t sinh hc, ho hc hoc vt l hoc mi trng
thc phm tim n nguy c gy nh hng ti sc kho con ngi.
Nh ng gi - C s nm trong hoc ngoi trang tri l ni s ch
rau qu ti sau khi thu hoch trc khi phn phi ti khu vc bn
bun hoc siu th.
Cng nhn - Ngi lao ng trc tip ng gi rau qu ti, thit b
v dng c, hoc nhng b mt tip xc vi thc phm cn p ng
yu cu v sinh thc phm.
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C s

C s phi p ng
cc yu cu v an
ton v sinh thc
phm theo quy nh
hin hnh ca Vit
Nam trong s ch v
phn phi rau qu
ti.
La chn a im

a im t c s phi cch xa mt
s khu vc sau:
c mi trng nhim, c cc
hot ng cng nghip c kh
nng gy nhim nghim trng
n rau qu ti;
c kh nng b ng ngp, tr khi
khu vc c h thng chng
ngp ng m bo;
c nguy c xm nhim sinh vt
gy hi;
c cht thi rn hoc lng khng
th loi b c.
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Thit k v xy dng

Thit k v b tr nh
xng phi m bo thun
li cho cc thc hnh v
sinh tt, bao gm bin php
bo v chng nhim cho
trong ton b qu trnh s
ch v x l sn phm.
Kt cu v lp t
Kt cu bn trong nh xng
cn c xy lp bng cc vt
liu c bn cao, thun li
cho vic bo dng, v sinh
v kh trng khi cn thit. c
bit, kt cu nh xng cn
p ng mt s iu kin c
th nh sau bo m
VSATTP cho rau qu ti:
B mt tng, vch ngn v
sn cn c lm bng vt
liu khng thm nc, khng
gy c ln sn phm;
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Kt cu v lp t
Tng v vch ngn phi c trn nhn v chiu cao
ph hp m bo vn hnh thun li;
Sn c xy lp m bo thot nc tt v v sinh
thun li;
Trn v gc treo c lp t m bo hn ch hnh
thnh bi bn, tch t mng bm, v ri vi bi bn;
Ca s cn c thit k m bo d v sinh, hn ch
hnh thnh bi bn;
Mt s v tr cn thit ca s cn lp li chn cn trng
d v sinh, c th tho lp hoc lp c nh;
Kt cu v lp t
Ca ra vo nn thit k b mt
nhn khng thm nc v d
dng v sinh, kh trng khi cn
thit;
Khu vc lm vic c b mt tip
xc trc tip vi rau qu ti cn
thit k vng chc ng k thut;
b mt thao tc nhn, vt liu s
dng trn b mt khng thm
nc, khng nh hng ti thc
phm, d kh trng trong iu
kin vn hnh thng thng;
B mt thao tc cn thit k m
bo d bo dng, v sinh v
kh trng.
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Thot nc v loi b cht thi

C s cn lp t h thng
thot nc v cht thi ph
hp. H thng thot nc v
cht thi cn c thit k lp
t m bo trnh ri ro
nhim cho rau qu ti hoc
h thng cung cp nc.
dc sn nh cn m bo
thot nc tt.
Chiu sng

Cng nh sng cn c
thit k m bo ph hp cho khu
vc s ch qu ti. Thit b nh
sng cn c lp t ti cc v tr
ph hp v c bo v m bo
rau qu ti khng b ln tp mnh
v
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Thit b

Thit b s dng trong s ch
v phn phi rau qu ti cn
m bo:
c ch to t vt liu khng
c;
c thit k ch to ng
tnh nng s dng;
c lp t ng quy cch,
d bo dng, v sinh v kh
trng, iu kin thc hnh
v sinh tt, bao gm c iu
kin qun l;
c thit k lp t trnh gy
nhim cho rau qu ti (i
vi h thng lm lnh)
a im, trang thit b v sinh c nhn

Trang thit b v sinh c nhn cn
c thit k v lp t m bo
thun li cho cng tc bo dng, v
sinh v kh trng.
Trang thit b v sinh c nhn phi
sn c v m bo mc ph hp
vi v sinh c nhn v trnh nhim
ln rau qu ti.
Trang thit b v sinh c nhn cn
c thit k ph hp p ng mt
s yu cu sau:
cc thit b ra, lm kh v sinh phi
ph hp, nh chu ra v h thng
cp nc;
bn ra c thit k ph hp;
i vi c s ln cn c ni thay
cho ngi lao ng.
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Nc v nc

Nc s dng trong cc khu s
ch, bo qun rau qu ti cn
m bo tiu chun nc sinh
hot v p ng tiu chun theo
cc quy nh hin hnh ca Vit
nam.
Khng c s dng nc ao,
h, sng, sui, tr khi c x
l p ng cc tiu chun cht
lng nc quy nh.
Cn c h thng cung cp nc
t tiu chun cho khu vc s
ch, bo qun, h thng phn
phi v m bo an ton v thch
hp vi rau qu ti.
Nc v nc
Nuc c ti s dng trong khu
vc s ch bo qun rau qu ti
gm nc qua s dng, nc
gi m cn c x l nhm p
ng iu kin v sinh v trnh ri
ro nhim cho rau qu ti.
Vt liu s dng trong x l nc
cn m bo ng quy nh hin
hnh, ng liu lng nh quy
nh ca nh sn xut. V vy, vt
liu s dng trong x l nc cn
c theo di v qun l.
Nc s dng cn c lm
t nc sinh hot. Nc c
sn xut, vn chuyn v bo qun
phi m bo khng b nhim
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SOP-Nc dng trong s ch rau qu ti
Ngun nc
nh gi ngun nc
H thng x l nc
Kim tra cht lng nc
Bo tr cc ging, b cha v h thng phn phi nc
Ghi chp:
Nc ti s dng
Bo dng, v sinh v kh trng

C s v cc thit b s dng cn c gi trng thi
ph hp cho cng tc sa cha v m bo mt s yu
cu sau:
thun tin thc hin cc quy trnh v sinh v kh
trng;
gi c chc nng nh thit k, v d nh my to
zn hay my chiu x;
ngn nga nhim cho rau qu ti khi nhng yu t
gy nhim nh mnh kim loi, mnh v ca dao ct,
tn d thc vt v ho cht.
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Bo dng, v sinh v kh trng
Phng thc v vt liu dng v sinh ph thuc vo
tng loi hnh kinh doanh v d nh ng gi khc bit
vi bn bun hoc siu th. Cng vic kh trng c th
l cn thit sau khi v sinh.
Vic v sinh cn c thc hin m bo loi b cc
tn d thc vt v bi bn l ngun nhim ln sn
phm.
Vic v sinh v kh trng cn c thc hin mt cch
thn trng v tun th theo hng dn ca nh sn
xut. Vt liu v sinh v kh trng cn c ct gi
ni ph hp cch bit vi rau qu ti v nh du ch
dn r rng trnh nhng ri ro gy nhim.
Bo dng, v sinh v kh trng
Dng c sn xut v bao b ti
s dng t ti khu vc bn
ngoi khu s ch cn c v
sinh v kh trng ph hp.
Thit b lm lnh cn c
thng xuyn bo dng, v
sinh v kh trng trnh
nhim ln rau qu ti.
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Bo dng, v sinh v kh trng
Cc t chc/ c nhn cn xy dng quy trnh vn hnh
tiu chun cho tng hot ng c th nh bo dng,
v sinh, kh trng thit b, vn hnh my to zn. Mi
quy trnh thao tc vn hnh cn bao hm nhng thng
tin cn thit nh sau:
Ngi c trch nhim i vi quy trnh vn hnh bo
dng hoc v sinh v kh trng;
Nhim v phi thc hin;
Cch thc thc hin, bao gm cc bc thc hin khc
nhau trong quy trnh;
Thi gian v tn sut thc hin quy trnh;
Cch tho lp thit b bo dng, v sinh v kh
trng khi cn thit
Bo dng, v sinh khu vc, trang thit b v
sinh c nhn

Cc trang b v sinh c nhn v khu v sinh cn c
gi trng thi ph hp vi chc nng v cn c v
sinh, kh trng, cung cp m bo ph hp vi tiu
chun thc hnh v sinh c nhn.
Phng thay ca cng nhn trong cc c s c quy
m ln cn c ch v sinh, lm v sinh thng
xuyn
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C s ch nn tip nhn rau
ti t cc vng sn xut
trin khai quy trnh thc hnh
sn xut nng nghip tt
(GAP).
Khng nguyn liu trc
tip trn sn hoc nn t
hoc ti cc khu vc c kh
nng gy nhim sn phm
nh khu vc cha ha cht,
phn bn.

Tip nhn nguyn liu
Tip nhn nguyn liu
C s s ch nn xy dng v p dng cc tiu chun
cht lng i vi nguyn liu u vo, v d, tiu chun
v cm quan nh mu sc, kch c,
Nguyn liu phi c kim tra cht lng, nu tiu
chun mi a vo s ch.
Nu pht hin c cha mm bnh, ho cht, hoc tp
cht khng th loi b ti mc cho php bng cc
phng php phn loi, chn lc, ct b, lau ra thng
thng, th khng c tip nhn nguyn liu v phi tr
li nh cung cp.


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Khng c thc hin phn
loi,chn lc v ct ta sn
phm trc tip trn nn t
hoc sn nh.
Cc thit b v dng c dng
phn loi, chn lc v ct
ta cn ph hp vi loi sn
phm v phi c v sinh,
kh trng thng xuyn.


Phn loi, chn lc v ct ta
Dng c phn loi, ct ta
khng c t di t m
phi c ct gi nhm ngn
nga nhim bn.
Khng c s dng cc dng
c b gy hng ct ta.
Sn phm qua s ch phi
c ring bit vi sn
phm cha s ch, ha cht
ty ra v cc loi vt t nng
nghip nh phn bn, thuc
BVTV.


Phn loi, chn lc v ct ta
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Dng c cha ng
Ch to t vt liu khng
c;
C thit k d bo dng, v
sinh v kh trng;
Gim thiu nhim ln sn
phm
c v sinh sch s sau
khi s dng v lu gi ti khu
vc ring bit, cch ly vi ha
cht, dng c lao ng,

Vt liu, dng c lm sch
sn phm nh khn lau, bn
chi cn c bo qun ng
cch v nguyn dng trnh
nhim khun v nhim bn bi
cc vt th l.
Cn c cc thit b thch hp
cho vic ra sn phm v cn
c ngun cung cp nc
tiu chun v sinh.


Lm sch, ra, gi m
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Nc dng trong s ch
Cht lng ngun nc s dng cn ph hp vi tng
giai on ca qu trnh s ch.
V d: nc ging cha qua x l c th dng cho
nhng cng on ra ban u, trong khi nc dng cho
cng on ra sau cng phi l nc qua x l.
C th ti s dng nc trong s ch vi iu kin phi
x l v tn tr nc trong iu kin khng to ra ri ro
ATTP i vi sn phm. Quy trnh x l phi c kim
tra v gim st mt cch hiu qu.
C th s dng nc qua s dng m khng cn x
l thm nu vic ti s dng khng to ra ri ro ATTP
i vi sn ph.
V d nh: nc ca cng on ra sau cng c s
dng li cho cng on ra u tin ca ln ra mi.


SOP- Nc dng trong s ch
Mc ch: Mc ch ca quy phm ny l tun th cc tiu chun
hin hnh ca Vit Nam v cht lng nc dng trong s ch rau
qu ti, x l sau thu hoch v nc dng trong v sinh nh
xng, thit b, dng c v v sinh c nhn.
Cc th tc cn tun th:
- Ngun nc
- nh gi ngun nc
- H thng x l nc
- Kim tra cht lng nc: tn sut, ch tiu cn kim tra, v tr ly
mu nc.
- Bo tr cc ging, b cha v h thng phn phi nc
Ghi chp: biu mu ghi chp

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Nu s dng cc cht dit
khun trong nc ra sn
phm, cn kim tra v gim
st nng cht dit khun
m bo duy tr hiu lc st
khun.
Sn phm phi c ra sch
sau khi x l ha cht dit
khun m bo khng c
d lng ho cht vt qu
gii hn cho php.
Cn xy dng Quy phm v
sinh (SOP) v s dng ha
cht dit khun v bo dng
thit b theo hng dn ca
nh sn xut.
X l nc ra bng ha cht
SOP-X l ha cht trong khi ra
Mc ch: Quy phm ny nhm m t cc th tc cn
thc hin s dng ng cch cc loi ha cht dit
khun trong khi ra sn phm. Cc th tc ny s gim
thiu nhim vi sinh vt i vi rau qu.
Cc th tc cn thc hin:
- Mua bn v bo qun ha cht
- X l Chlorine
- Ha cht khc
Ghi chp
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Sn phm cn c lm
kh hoc lm ro nc
sau khi ra, trnh h
hi trong khi ng gi,
vn chuyn.
Lm kh
X l sau thu hoch
Vic x l nhit hoc lm lnh rau qu ti nhm phng tr dch hi
cn c thc hin ng cch, m bo khng gy nhim sn
phm.
Cc c s ch c s dng cc ho cht c php s dng (nh
thuc dit nm, mng bao, cht to mu) hoc cc phng php
c cng nhn (nh chiu x, ion ho) trong x l sau thu
hoch. Vic x l ny cn c thc hin ph hp vi hng dn
ca nh sn xut cho mc ch d kin.
Thit b x l sau thu hoch (nh bnh phun thuc dit nm hoc
thit b chiu x) cn c hiu chnh thng xuyn nhm kim
sot chnh xc liu lng s dng. Bnh phun phi c ra v lm
sch ti khu vc ring bit sau mi ln s dng ha cht trn cc
loi sn phm khc nhau trnh nguy c nhim.
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E Bao b, vt liu ng gi cn c
thit k bo m kh nng bo v
sn phm khng b h hi, gim
thiu nguy c nhim, v thch hp
cho vic ghi nhn sn phm.
ng gi
Vt liu ng gi phi c
lm t cc cht liu khng c,
khng nh hng n an ton
v ph hp vi loi sn phm.
Vt liu ng gi bng cht
do phi p ng cc yu cu
theo quy nh hin hnh ca
Vit Nam.
Khng c s dng cc bao
b cha ho cht, phn bn v
cc cht nguy him khc
lm vt liu ng gi.
Khng c vt liu ng
gi trc tip trn nn t hoc
nhng ch c nguy c nhim
bn.
ng gi
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Bao b sn phm phi
c ghi nhn theo quy
nh hin hnh ca Vit
Nam.
Bao b ti s dng phi
m bo tnh ph hp,
bn v d dng v sinh v
ty trng.
Ghi nhn
Ngi lao ng c trch nhim tun th cc bc sau:

V sinh dng c ti khu vc ring bit, cch ly khu vc sn
phm.
Loi b cc ph phm, cht thi trn dng c, vt liu ng gi v
thng cha cht thi, nu c th, dng vi p lc ra.
Kim tra cc dng c, vt liu ng gi v thng cha cht thi
nhm loi b bt k mnh vn no cn st li.
Ra dng c, vt liu ng gi v cc thng cha cht thi
Nu s dng ha cht ty ra hoc cht kh trng, phi tun th
hng dn pha ha cht trn nhn sn phm.
S dng ha cht ty ra trn ton b b mt dng c, vt liu
ng gi v thng cha, c ra bng bn chi nu cn v m
bo khng b st im no.
Ra sch v kh ti nhit phng v






SOP- V sinh dng c, thng cha
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Qun l cht thi
Cht thi ti khu vc s ch,
kinh doanh phi c thu
dn hng ngy hoc sau
mi ca sn xut.

Ch u mi
Nh s ch
Siu th
Qun l cht thi
Khng cht thi tn ng
xung quanh khu vc s ch, kinh doanh
Nh s ch Ch u mi
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Thng cha cht thi phi c np y ngn nga
s nhim
Bao b ha cht bo qun, thuc dit nm phi c
thu gom v x l theo quy nh.
Cc cht thi hu c phi c thu gom v x l ti
khu vc cch ly vi khu vc s ch.
Cc cht thi kh phn hy (bao ny lon, nha, thy
tinh,) phi c thu gom v loi b ti khu vc ring
bit.


Qun l cht thi
Ngi lao ng
Ngi lao ng phi c tp hun kin thc VSATTP:

Cc mi nguy v sinh an ton thc phm.
iu kin v sinh an ton thc phm.
Thc hnh m bo v sinh an ton thc phm: trong
s ch, bo qun, vn chuyn, phn phi.
Thc hnh v sinh c nhn.
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Ngi lao ng
Ngi lao ng tip xc trc tip vi sn phm, b mt tip xc vi
sn phm phi tun th cc quy nh v thc hnh sn xut an ton.
Nh s ch
Quy kinh doanh rau ti siu th
V sinh c nhn
Ni quy thc hnh v sinh c nhn c bn nh sau:

Ra tay trc khi s ch, tip xc vi sn phm;
Ra tay sau khi i v sinh, tip xc vi ng vt,
n ung, ht thuc, tip xc vi cht thi.
Ra tay k bng x phng v nc sch;
Lm kh tay bng khn giy dng mt ln, khn
bng sch hoc my thi kh.
7/24/2013
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SE LAVER LES MAINS EN UN TOUR DE MAIN
A la sortie des toilettes, aprs avoir mang et aprs avoir fum.

C mouiller


C savonner

C mousser

C nettoyer les
ongles/avant bras

C rincer
scher
HYGIENE
Hng dn ra tay
Lm t tay
Ly x phng
Xoa u x phng
C u c cnh tay Ra tay di vi nc chy
Lau kh tay
V sinh c nhn
V sinh c nhn
Thng bo cho ngi gim st
nu b m.
Cc vt thng h hoc try
xc phi c bng b, trnh
tip xc trc tip vi sn phm.
Ngi lao ng b bnh truyn
nhim (nh vim gan A, tiu
chy,) khng c tip xc trc
tip vi sn phm.
Khng n ung, ht thuc, khc
nh trong khu vc sn xut.
Khng eo trang sc, ng h
hay cc vt khc khi tip xc trc
tip vi sn phm.

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V sinh c nhn
Nu s dng gng tay
trong khi s ch sn
phm:
S dng gng tay
dng mt ln, hoc
Dng gng tay s
dng nhiu ln nhng
phi v sinh sch s
sau mi ln s dng.



Mu h s tp hun ngi lao
ng
Ngy, thng, nm tp hun:
Ni dung tp hun:

STT Tn ngi
c tp hun
n v
(1) (2) (3)
Ghi chp h s
H s tp hun cho
ngi lao ng phi
c ghi chp v lu
gi, bao gm:

Ni dung tp hun
C quan tp hun
Ngy thng
H tn ngi c
tp hun
Chng ch tp hun

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Chui cung ng sn phm
NL
u vo
Sn xut ng gi
Phn phi
Vn chuyn
Vn chuyn
Siu th
Ch bn l
Nh hng
Vn chuyn
Vn chuyn sn phm
Phng tin vn chuyn phi c la chn ph hp
vi loi sn phm v iu kin bo qun sn phm.

Ti ch u mi Ti c s thu gom
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Phng tin vn chuyn cn c kt cu m
bo:
- Khng gy nhim sn phm hoc vt liu
bao gi
- Thun li cho vic v sinh, kh trng
- Ngn cch ring bit vi cc loi thc phm
hoc cc loi hng ha khc trong khi vn
chuyn;
- Ngn nga tc nhn nhim nh khi,
bi,trong khi vn chuyn



Vn chuyn



Phng tin vn chuyn
phi c v sinh nh
k. Sau khi s dng
phng tin vn
chuyn hng ha hoc
thc phm khc, phi v
sinh v kh trng
phng tin nu cn.
Vn chuyn
7/24/2013
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CHC THNH CNG !