7 IEIJA = @A H=

= EA J >=I=@ A ?=I I F=H= = ? =IE ?=?E @A B= I A IEIJA =I @E E? I

I K= I 4 @H CKA
JE? I A CK= AI O 5EIJA =I 1 B H 7 EL @A *KHC I *KHC I H @HECKA (K>K AI

) E>= *HAC )H= ?D= 5E +=H I ) *A =H E 2K E@ 1I==? H

,AFJ @A 1 B H JE?= JE?= -65 1 CA EAH = 1 B H 7 EL @A 8= =@ E@ "% 8= =@ E@ = E>>HA( => KL= AI =H= ?D= ?=

-I?KA = 2 EJ ? E?= 5KFAHE H

I >A =H EI==?(E B H KL= AI

4AIK A
- @E=C IJE? A@E= JA = ? =IE ?=?E @A B= I A F = J=I E @KIJHE= AI AI K ?KAHF @A E LAIJEC=?E GKA HA?E>A ? JE K= A JA =JA ?E - = CK I @ E E I AIJ I B= I LEA A @AI?HEJ I F H IAHEAI JA F H= AI - AIJA =HJ ?K L= I = E JH @K?EH = CK =I J ? E?=I F=H= = ? =IE ?=?E @A @EIJE J I @A I @A B= >JA E@ I F H A@E @A K = F = J= @A => H=J HE 2HAIA J= I K =H? ? FKJ=?E = F=H= HAI LAH FH > A =I @A ? =IE ?=?E @A B= I KI= @ 4= = EA J *=I=@ A +=I I -IJA =HJ ?K E KIJH= @EBAHA JAI J ? E?=I F=H= = HAKJE E =?E O HA?KFAH=?E @A ?=I I ? F H A A F ) E A= EA J ,E E? 6A F H= @EIJ= ?E= -K? @A= AL= K= @ O ? F=H= @ I HAIK J=@ I

1 JH @K??E

- 4= = EA J *=I=@ A +=I I +*4 AI K = AJ @ C = @A 1 JA ECA ?E= )HJE ?E= F=H= HA= E =H =FHA @E = A GKA D= CH=@ >KA I HA IK J=@ I A K?D I ?= F I @A =F E?=?E 5A D= @AI=HH =@ L=HE I JH=>= I A I GKA IA D= =F E?=@ +*4 F=H= @AJAH E =H A AIJ=@ @A FAH=?E @A K = F = J= E @KIJHE= " $ O F=H= AL=H = ?=> F = E ?=?E @E=C IJE ? = JA E EA J O CAIJE @A ?= E@=@ A = E @KIJHE= # - = CK I @A AIJ I JH=>= I I

=KJ HAI D= = A =@ IAHEAI JA F H= AI O D= @EIA =@ HAFHAIA J=?E AI @A ?=I I F=H= CAI JE =H =I O CH=H K = A H HA?KFAH=?E @A ?=I - AIJA =HJ ?K =F E?= I K = AJ @ C = +*4 = K FH > A = @A ? =IE ?=?E @A B= I A K = F = J= E @KIJHE= - IEIJA = +*4 JH= >= = A F=H= A ? K IEIJA = @A @E=C IJE? >=I=@ A @A I GKA ABA?J = @AJA??E O ?= E =?E @A B= I  7 = LA GKA K B= AI @AJA?J=@ A IEIJA = +*4 FH F H?E =H K = FEIJ= I >HA A B= ?= @E@=J I FH >=> A KAIJH ? K J @A @=J I AIJ ? FKAIJ F H IAHEAI JA F H= AI + F=H= I = FHA?E IE >JA E@= KI= @ @=J I IE FHAFH ?AI=@ ? HAFHAIA J=?E @A ?=I ? = >JA E@= KI= @ K = IA A??E @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I -IJ= JE = HAFHAIA J=?E BKA @EIA =@= F H = CK I =KJ HAI @A AIJA =HJ ?K A JH I JH=>= I " O = DA I =F E?=@ =D H= = +*4 - =HJ ?K AIJ HC= E =@ @A = IECKEA JA = AH= = 5A??E @AI?HE>A = AJ @ C = +*4 A = C HEJ @A HA?KFAH=?E O =I A@E @=I @A IE E EJK@ GKA DA I KI=@ = 5A??E ! E JH @K?A >HALA A JA = F = J= E @KIJHE= ? IKI ? =IAI @A B= I - = 5A??E " FHAIA J= I A AIJK@E ANFAHE A J= = @AI?HEF?E @A ? K J @A @=J I O A J @ @A AL= K=?E = IA??E # KAIJH= I HAIK J=@ I O = @EI?K IE O = A JA = IA??E $ IA @A@E?= = =I ? ? KIE AI O JH=>= BKJKH

Actas del III Taller Nacional de Minera de Datos y Aprendizaje, TAMIDA2005, pp.203-211 ISBN: 84-9732-449-8 2005 Los autores, Thomson

204

III Taller de Minera de Datos y Aprendizaje

.ECKH=  - ?E?

+*4

+ =IE ?=?E @A B= I KI= @ H= = EA J >=I=@ A ?=I I

 1 JH @K??E - ?E? +*4
- 4= = EA J *=I=@ A +=I I +*4 AI K J @ F=H= HAI LAH FH > A =I HA? H@= @ IEJK=?E AI FHALE=I IE E =HAI O HAKJE E = @ = E B H =?E O A ? ?E EA J I >HA AI= IEJK=?E   = E@A= HECE = > IE?= @A 4EAI>A? O 5?D= ! AI = IECKEA JA +*4 HAIKA LA FH > A =I KAL I =@=FJ= @ =I I K?E AI @=@=I = JH I HAIKA J I ? = JAHE HE@=@ )= @ O 2 = =  @AI?HE>A +*4 ? K FH ?AI GKA ? IJ= @A ?K=JH F=I I
4-+72-4)4 A ?=I =HAI

4A?KFAH=?E

@A ?=I I

?=I I

I IE E

= FHE AH= J=HA= A A ?E? @A +*4 AI = HA ?KFAH=?E @A K I ?=I I IE E =HAI @A = >=IA @A ?=I I @ @A AIJ = =?A =@= = ANFA HEA ?E= F=I=@= A B H = @A ?=I I 7 ?=I AIJ B H =@ F H L=HE I =JHE>KJ I GKA @= K = @AI?HEF?E @A FH > A = O K = I K?E F=H= A ?=I 2=H= F @AH AL=H = ?=> = J=HA= @A HA ?KFAH=?E AI A?AI=HE JA AH K = C HEJ @A HA?KFAH=?E O K = A@E@= @A IE E EJK@ GKA IA H KI=@ I F=H= >JA AH K ? K J @A ?=I I IE E =HAI - KAIJH JH=>= DA I A ACE@ A = C HEJ @A I K LA?E I ? = C HEJ @A HA?KFAH=?E O JHAI A@E@=I @A IE E EJK@ @EI J= ?E= -K? @A= @EIJ= ?E= @A = D=JJ= O ) E A= EA J ,E E? 6A F H= ,69

4-761 1 )4 = E B H =?E O A ? ?E EA J @A AIA ?=I F=H= HAI LAH A FH >A = 4-815)4 = I K?E

) C HEJ
i

@A

I K LA?E

FH FKAIJ=

/7)4,)4 =I F=HJAI @A AIJ= ANFAHEA ?E= GKA IA ? IE@AHA JE AI F=H= HAI LAH BKJKH I FH > A =I

-IJ I ?K=JH I F=I I IA H= 

KAIJH= A

= .ECK

5A= X = {x = = 1, . . . , N } K = ? A??E @A A A F I @A A JHA = EA J @A @E A IE p O IA= C = {C1 , . . . , CM } K ? K J @A M ? =IAI 5KF C= I GKA ?=@= A A F xi JEA A K = AJEGKAJ= @A ? =IA Li {1, . . . , M } GKA E @E?= ? ?AHJA = IK FAHJA A ?E= = K = ? =IA A C 5KF C= I J= >E GKA xS AI K KAL A A F F=H= ? =IE ?=H + =IE ?=H xS ? HHAIF @A = =IEC =H A K = @A =I ? =IAI A C AIJ AI @A?E@EH A JHA K ? K J @A M

i (xi 1 , . . . , x p ), i

III Taller Nacional de Minera de Datos y Aprendizaje, TAMIDA2005

205

DEF JAIEI xS Cq , q = 1, . . . , M 5A= S A ? K J @A I K LA?E I I FH NE I @A xS A X 2=H= ?K= GKEAH xi S A ? ?E EA J @A Li = q FKA@A ? IE@AH=HIA ? K = ALE@A ?E= GKA =K A J= KAIJH= ? = = @A GKA xS J= >E FAHJA A?A = Cq >IJ= JA AIJ= ALE@A ?E= FH F H?E = F H I EI =   @A ?AHJA = - ? =IE ?=@ H @A I K LA?E I I FH NE I   ? IKCKHEA H ,K@= O 0=HJ % = =?A = I @=J I @A A JHA = EA J A F=H (X, L) IAA F II ? =IE ?=@ I A ECEA @ = ? =IA =O HEJ=HE= A JHA IK AA F I I ?AH?= I @A ? K J @A A JHA = EA J @A =?KAH@ = K = A@E@= @A @EIJ= ?E= ! - KAIJH I ANFAHE A J I BKAH FH >=@ I L=HE I L= HAI @A K  AH @A LA ?E I K = 1, 3, 5 O IA D= A ? JH=@ A F HE?= A JA GKA K = 1 D= FH F H?E =@ I A HAI HAIK J=@ I F=H= KAIJH ? K J @A @=J I

JA I H >KIJ= GKA =I A@E@=I = JAHE HAI ) ? JE K=?E IA E JH @K?A >HALA A JA ,69 5A= @ I IAHEAI JA F H= AI Q O C @A CEJK@AI n O m
Q = q1 , q2 , ..., qi , ..., qn ; C = c1 , c2 , ..., cj , ..., cm .

  

2=H= = E A=H =I @ I IA?KA ?E=I KI= @ ,69 IA ? IJHKOA K = =JHE n m +=@= A A A J (i, j ) IA ? HHAIF @A ? A = E A= EA J A JHA I FK J I qi O cj 7 ?= E @A = E A= EA J W AI K ? K J @A A A A J I @A = =JHE ? JECK I GKA @A A K = ? HHAI F @A ?E= A JHA Q O C - A A A J k IE @A W IA @A A ? wk = (i, j )k 2 H J= J
W = w1 , w 2 , . . . , w k , . . . , w K m ax(m, n) = K m + n 1.

! "

A@E@=I @A IE E EJK@
-I = @EIJ= ?E= I O = I KI=@= A = =O H = @A I IEIJA =I +*4 ,A E I = @EIJ= ?E= -K? @A= A JHA @ I FK J I x A y ? ?
(xi yi )2 @ @A xi AI = ? @A x A = @E A IE i O yi AI = ? @A y A = @E A IE i
n i=1

,EIJ= ?E= -K? @A=

H@A =@= H@A =@=

= @EIJ= ?E= -K? E@A= FKA@A ? IE@AH=HIA ? K ?=I AIFA?E= @A ,69 A A GKA A A A A J k IE @A W IA HAIJHE CA = wk = (i, j )k i = j = k - = =F E?=?E ? IE@AH=@= =I IAHEAI I K JEL=HE=> A -I @A?EH =I IAHEAI I K JE@E A IE = AI 2=H= KJE E =H ,69 ? AIJA JEF @A @=J I ? IE@AH= I =I IECKEA JAI =FH NE =?E AI
)F E?=H ,69 F=H= ?=@= L=HE=> A = IA A = = A JHA IAHEAI K JEL=HE=> A IAH = A@E= @A =I IA A = =I F=H= ?=@= L= HE=> A

= @EIJ= ?E= @A = D=JJ= A JHA @ I FK J I AI = IK = @A I L= HAI =>I KJ I @A =I @EBAHA ?E=I @A IKI ? F A JAI ,A E I = @EIJ= ?E= @A = D=J J= A JHA K FK J x O JH FK J y ? n @A xi AI = ? H@A =@= @A i=1 |xi yi | @ x A = @E A IE i A yi AI = ? H@A =@= @A y A = @E A IE i

,EIJ= ?E= @A

= D=JJ=

2=H= ?= ?K =H = @EIJ= ?E= d(qi , cj ) A JHA I FK J I qi O cj KI= I JHAI JHE?=I

E A= |qi cj |

+K=@H JE?= (qi cj )2

) E A= EA J

@E E? JA F H= ) E A= EA J ,E E? 6A F H= & $ =>HA LE=@ ,69 @O = E? JE A M=HFE C  AI K = J ? E?= GKA FAH EJA >JA AH K = A@E@= @A = IA A = = A JHA @ I IA?KA ?E=I GKA AI J AN ?J= A JA = E A=@=I A A A A JA F H= O GKA FKA@A JA AH CEJK@AI @EBAHA JAI 2= H= AIJA JEF @A @=J I AIJ= A@E@= AI >=IJ=

8= A 10 (1 exp(

(qi cj )2 )) 6

)F E?=H ,69 I K = LA ? IE@AH= @ GKA I FK J I @A =I IAHEAI I K JE@E A IE = AI ? J= J=I @E A IE AI ? L=HE=> AI = E?= @EIJ= ?E= d(qi , cj ) ? IE@AH=@= AI = -K? E@A=

206

III Taller de Minera de Datos y Aprendizaje

4AKJE E =?E

@A ?=I I

- IACK @ F=I A A ?E? @A +*4 AI = J= HA= @A HAKJE E =?E )= @J O 2 = =  @AI ?HE>A AIJ= J=HA= ?A JH=@= A @ I =IFA?J I = =I @EBAHA ?E=I A JHA A ?=I F=I=@ O A =?JK= O > GK F=HJA F=HJAI @A ?=I HA?KFAH=@ FKA@A IAH JH= IBAHE@=I = KAL ?=I - = CK I ?=I I = J=HA= @A HAKJE E =?E IA HA@K?A = ? FE=H = I K?E F=I=@= = KAL ?=I FA H A JH I ?=I I AIJ= I K?E FKA@A IAH =F E?=@= @EHA?J= A JA O JEA A GKA IAH =@=FJ= @= - +*4 F @A I @EIJE CKEH @ I JEF I @A =@=FJ=?E $
)@=FJ=?E =@=FJ=?E

GKA = =?A =H AIJ= E B H =?E O ? E @A N=H A ?=I A = AIJHK?JKH= @A A HE= F=H= K = F IJAHE H HA?KFAH=?E

,AI?HEF?E H=J HE

@A = F = J= @A =>

-IJHK?JKH= =F E?=H HAC =I @A = = I K?E HA?KFAH=@=

,AHEL=?E = HAKJE E =H =I )@=FJ=?E B H K =I GKA CA AH=H = I K?E F=I=@= F=H= ? IACKEH K = KAL= I K?E F=H= A FH > A = =?JK=
J @ @A HAKJE E =?E KI=@ A AIJA JH= >= AIJ >=I=@ A A = C HEJ @A I K LA?E I I FH NE I - KAIJH JH=>= F @A I A ACEH A AH @A LA?E I = KI=H O =@=FJ=H = I K?E @A KAL ?=I A@E= JA L J=?E @A = I K?E @A J @ I I ?=I I HA ?KFAH=@ I

= F = J= @A => H=J HE IA @EIA E JA J= @ HA A =H ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I ? K AI = = =O H = @A FH ?AI I E @KIJHE= AI ? JE K I = .E CKH= I KAIJH= K AIGKA = @A = EI = -IJ B H =@= F H ?K=JH @AF IEJ I {T1 . . . T4 } ?E ? > >=I {P1 . . . P5 } O @ I ? JH =@ HAI 21 GKA =?J = I >HA =I > >=I {P1 , P5 } F=H= = JA AH A ELA @A I @AF IEJ I FH NE I = IK L= H @A ? IEC = 2=H= ? JH =H = JA FA H=JKH= @A I @AF IEJ I {T2 , T3 } IA D= KI=@ @ I HAIEIJA ?E=I HAIFA?JEL= A JA - = F = J= JA A I A IECKEA JA ? K J @A IA I HAI L=HE=> AI A@E@=I I ELA AI @A I @AF IEJ I T1 O T4 A L= H @A = =??E @A ? JH @A I 21 I >HA =I > >=I A K @A A JH=@= = T1 K I @A I= E@= @A I @AF IEJ I {T2 , T3 , T4 } O =I JA FAH=JKH=I A I @AF IE J I {T2 , T3 , T4 } - AIJ= F = J= IA D= ? IE@AH=@ =I IE CKEA JAI B= E E=I @A B= I F=H= A FH J ? @AI?HEJ # HA =?E =@ I ? BKC=I A I @A F IEJ I # =J=IGKAI A JK>AH =I ! B= I A =I > >=I O  B= A = HAIEIJA ?E=

"

4ALEIE

@A ?=I I

7 = LA = E =@= = J=HA= @A HAKJE E =?E = I K?E @A KAL FH > A = JEA A GKA IAH FH >=@= AIJA FH ?AI @A FHKA>= IA D=?A @KH= JA = J=HA= @A HALEIE - AIJA F=I = I K?E CA AH=@= A = J=HA= @A HAKJE E =?E IA AL= = O IE A HAIK J=@ AI I=JEIB=?J HE A KAL ?=I O = KAL= I K?E F=H= A ?=I IA = =?A =

"

-IJK@E ANFAHE A J=

=?A = EA J @A ?=I I

- = =?A = EA J AI = JE = J=HA= @A ?E? +*4 - AIJA F=I A KAL ?=I O = I K?E F=H= AIJA ?=I  >JA E@= A = B=IA @A HAKJE E = ?E  I = =?A =@ I ? LEIJ=I = K F IE> A KI BKJKH ,KH= JA AIJA FH ?AI @A =FHA @E = A A IEIJA = JEA A GKA IA A??E =H GK E B H =?E @A ?=I = =?A =H = B H = A =

- AIJK@E ANFAHE A J= D= IE@ HA= E =@ ? K ? K J @A @=J I FH ?A@A JAI @A = IE K = ?E @A K = F = J= @A => H=J HE -IJA ? K J @A @=J I AIJ B H =@ F H L=HE I A A F I >JA E@ I @A IE K =?E AI @A @EBAHA JAI JEF I @A B= I GKA FKA@A =F=HA?AH A = F = J= E @KIJHE= FHALE= A JA @AI?HEJ= - AIJA =F=HJ= @ L= I = @AI?HE>EH AIJ I ? K J I @A @=J I =I J=HA=I @A FHAFH ?AI=@ =F E?=@=I O I J @ I @A AL= K=?E A F A=@ I

"

,AI?HEF?E

@A ?

K J @A @=J I

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,=J I IE FHAFH ?AI=@

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III Taller Nacional de Minera de Datos y Aprendizaje, TAMIDA2005

FT 06

207

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P2
ON/OFF FT 07

LT 01

LC 01

P1
FT 08

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TT 02 TT 03

T3
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v
ON/OFF

ON/OFF

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LT 04 TT 04

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JA ? K J @A @=J I AIJ B H =@ F H IAHEAI JA F H= AI @A @=J I GKA @AI?HE>A K B= @A = F = J= E @KIJHE= 0=O ?=J H?A JEF I @A B= @EBAHA JAI O ?=@= K @A A I LEA A @AI?HEJ F H ?A IAHEAI @A JHAI?EA J I A A A J I K HE? I =I ?E=@ I = =I ?A A@E@=I @A IA I HAI @EIF E> AI I JH I DA I KJE E =@ LAE JA A A F I @A ?=@= @A @A B= - KAIJH IEIJA = +*4 K ?=I L= = AIJ=H ? FKAIJ F H ?A IAHEAI  =I ?K= AI L= = @AI?HE>EH K B=  O A JEF @A B= GKA IAH = I K?E GKA KAIJH IEIJA = JH=J= @A =@=FJ=H 2KAIJ GKA = CEJK@ @A ?=@= IAHEA AI ! = @AI?HEF?E @A ?=@= ?=I ? IEIJA A 11 300 L= HAI HA= AI = .ECKH= ! KAIJH= K ?=I @A ?=@= @ @A B= + = E JA ?E @A D=?AH K = A H ? =IE ?=?E @A B= I L= I = =F E?=H = C HEJ I @A JH=@ O H = E =?E I >HA I @=J I HECE = AI

@AI@A 

E D=IJ= #

E ELA @A

ELA @AI@A   D=IJ=   @A ?=@= J= GKA

JA FAH=JKH= @AI@A  + D=IJ= " +

H = E =?E + A @A @A?HA A J=H I ABA?J I FH @K?E@ I F H = @EBAHA ?E= A JHA AI?= =I HA= E = I K FH ?AI @A H =E = ?E FHALE = E JH @K?EH I @=J I A = >=IA @A ?=I I -IJA FH ?AI ? IEIJA A =F E?=H A J @ AIJ=@ IJE? F=H= ? IACKEH AL=H J @ I I @=J I = K = A@E= @A  O K = L=HE= = @A  " 5A A??E @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I

)@A I @A KJE E =H I @=J I A ?HK@ IA ? IE @AH ? = JAH =JEL= A =F E?=H K FHAFH ?AI @A IA A??E @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I - AIJA JH=>= =I ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I IA A??E =@=I I @A I IECKEA JAI JEF I

.E JH=@

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? JH @AI@A  =   IEC E ?=   @A = =??E @A ? JH  IEC E ?=  

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208

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209

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8= E@=?E

?HK =@=

- = L= E@=?E ?HK =@= B @ ! K ? K J @A @=J I , AI @ELE@E@ = A=J HE= A JA A k IK>? K J I KJK= A JA AN? KOA JAI D1 , . . . , Dk @A =FH NE =@= A JA ECK= J= = - ? =IE ?=@ H AI A JHA =@ O FH >=@ k LA?AI ?=@= LA t 1, 2, . . . , k AI A JHA =@ I >HA Di , i = 1, . . . , k, ? i = t O FH >=@ I >HA Dt = AIJE =?E @A = FHA?EIE @A = L= E @=?E ?HK =@= AI A AH C >= @A ? =IE ?=?E AI ? HHA?J=I @ELE@E@ F H A AH @A A A F I @A ? K J @A @=J I I JH I KI= I L= E@=?E ?HK =@= AIJH=JE ?=@= F=H= AIJE =H = FHA?EIE @A J @ @A ? =IE ?=?E - ? K J @A @=J I BKA @ELE@E@ A IK>? K J I @A ECK= J= = = FH F H ?E @A =I ? =IAI AI ECK= A ?=@= F=HJE?E  = EI = GKA A A ? K J @A @=J I HECE =  F HGKA AIJA FH ?A@E EA J FH F H?E = HAIK J=@ I I FHA?EI I GKA K = L= E@=?E ?HK =@= IE F A ' - KAIJH I ANFAHE A J I JA A I I @=J I @ELE@E@ I A  IK>? K J I @A ECK= J= =

0A I =F E?=@ ,69 K E@E A IE = ? @E BAHA JAI JHE?=I  E A= ?K=@H JE?= O L= A ,69 K JE@E A IE = @EIJ= ?E= -K? @A= O @EIJ= ?E= @A = D=JJ= - +K=@H  KAI JH= A NEJ A = ? =IE ?=?E CH=@ KI= @ @EBAHA JA AH @A LA?E I  ! O # I HA IK J=@ I D= IE@ >JA E@ I KI= @ L= E@=?E ?HK =@= AIJH=JE ?=@= ?  IK>? K J I @A ECK= J= = FH LA EA JAI @A ? K J @A @= J I IE FHAFH ?AI=@ = A H A@E@= @A IE E EJK@ D= HAIK J=@ IAH ,69 K E@E A IE = ? JHE?=I +K= @H JE?= 8= A 1 ?HA A J= @ A AH @A LA?E I = J=I= @A =?EAHJ I @AI?EA @A IEIJA JE ?= A JA 7 = F IE> A ANF E?=?E @A AIJ= ? @K?J= F @H = IAH A DA?D GKA A AH @A A A F I @A ?=@= ? =IA  AI FAGKA ? IE @AH= @ A AH @A ? =IAI " O = @E A IE = E@=@ @A I @=J I 2 = A= I L LAH = FH >=H AIJ=I DEF JAIEI ? K ? K J =O H @A @=J I + AH= @A AIFAH=H I HAIK J=@ I >JA E@ I KI= @ ,69 K E@E A IE = K JE@E A IE =  I A HAI GKA I >JA E@ I KI= @ =I @EIJ= ?E=I -K? @A= @A = D=J J= ,69 AI K = A@E@= @A @EIE E EJK@ K?D I H >KIJ= F=H= IAHEAI JA F H= AI FAH EJEA @ GKA B H =I IE E =HAI ? E ?E@= E ? KI IE IA A ?KA JH= @AIB=I=@=I A IK A A JA F H= & = @EIJ= ?E= -K? @A= IA LA K?D I =BA?J= @= F H FAGKA I ?= >E I A A A A JA F H= >IJ= JA I HAIK J=@ I F=H= @EIJ= ?E= -K ? @A= O @A = D=JJ= AIJ >=IJ= JA FH NE I = I HAIK J=@ I @A =I @EIJE J=I L=HE= JAI @A ,69

5A A??E

@A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I

4AIK J=@ I

0A I HA= E =@ L=HE I ANFAHE A J I =F E?= @ J @=I =I J ? E?=I @AI?HEJ=I @A HA?KFAH=?E O HAKJE E =?E J= J ? @=J I IE FHAFH ?AI= @ ? ? IA A??E @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I

- AIJA =F=HJ=@ L= I = IJH=H I HAIK J= @ I >JA E@ I KI= @ L= E@=?E ?HK =@= AI JH=JE ?=@= = =F E?=H A J @ @A IA A??E @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I - +K=@H KAIJH= A NE J A = ? =IE ?=?E CH=@ KI= @ =I @EI J= ?E=I -K? @A= O @A = D=JJ= = >=I ? @EBAHA JA AH @A LA?E I  ! O # + F @A I >IAHL=H I HAIK J=@ I I A HAI KI= @ IA A??E @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I GKA KI= @ @=J I IE FHAFH ?AI=@ = A H J=I=

210

III Taller de Minera de Datos y Aprendizaje

+K=@H  6=I=I @A =?EAHJ >JA E@=I = KJE E =H ,69 K E@E A IE = ,69 @EIJ= ?E= -K? @A= O = D=JJ= I >HA I @=J I A ?HK@ AH @A  , ,69 , ,EIJ= ?E= LA?E I E A= +K=@H JE?= 8= A ,69 -K? @A=  &'  ' "  ' "  ' "  &' !  &$ "  && $  && $  &%   &$ "  ! # &# "  &#   &#   &# "  &# % 

K JE@E A IE ,EIJ= ?E= = D=JJ= &&  &# "  &" $ 

+K=@H IA A??E -K? @A= AH LA?E  ! #

6=I=I @A =?EAHJ >JA E@=I = KJE E =H @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I ? =I @EIJ= ?E=I O = D=JJ= @A ,EIJ= ?E= ,EIJ= ?E= @A I -K? @A= = D=JJ= ' &  '$   &%   '! $  &$ &  '  

@A =?EAHJ >JA E@= ? I @=J I IE FHAFH ?A I=@ AI @A ' "  EA JH=I GKA = A H KI= @ IA A??E @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I AI @A '$   2 H J= J A AHH H D= IE@ HA@K?E@ = A I @A = EJ=@ ) ECK= GKA ?KHH = = KI=H @=J I IE FHAFH ?AI=@ E ?HA A J=H A AH @A LA?E I @A?HA A J= A =?EAHJ

? KIE

AI O JH=>=

BKJKH

5A D= @AI=HH =@ K IEIJA = +*4 F=H= = E@A JE ?=?E @A @A I @A B= I A FH ?A I I ? JE K I - IEIJA = KI= A = C HEJ @A I K LA?E I F=H= = HA?KFAH=?E @A ?=I I 2KA@A IAH KI=@ ? @EIJE J=I JHE?=I J= AI ? = @EIJ= ?E= @A = D=JJ= = @EIJ= ?E= -K? @A= O ,69 J= J K E@E A IE = ? K JE@E A IE = - IEIJA = FAH EJA KI=H K = HAFHAIA J=?E ? F=?J= @A I ?=I I @ @A ?=@= K LEA A @A E@ F H I L= HAI @A L=HE=I ?=H=?JAH IJE ?=I +=@= ?=H=?JAH IJE?= AL= = K = BK ?E A K E JAHL= @=@ - AIJA JH=>= =I BK ?E AI ? IE@AH=@=I I = A@E= O = @AILE=?E - IEIJA = D= IE@ L= E@=@ KI= @ K ? K J @A @=J I >JA E@ @A =I IE K =?E AI @A @A I @A B= A K = F = J= @A => H=J HE 5A D= ? F=H=@ = FHA?EIE @A I ? =IE ?=@

HAI KI= @ =I @EIJE J=I JHE?=I ? I @=J I IE FHAFH ?AI=@ O KI= @ IA A??E @A ?=H=? JAH IJE?=I ) KI=H I @=J I IE FHAFH ?AI=@ ? IE@AH= @ GKA I IAHEAI JA F H= AI ,69 >JEA A A HAI HAIK J=@ I GKA =I @EIJ= ?E=I GKA I AIFA? ?=I F=H= AIJA JEF @A @=J I I HAIK J=@ I ANFAHE A J= AI @A KAIJH= = L= E@A @A J @ @A IA A??E @A ?=H=? JAH IJE?=I FH FKAIJ = FHA?EIE D= IE@ E ?HA A J=@= @AI@A ' "  D=IJ= '$   JH =IK J AI A JEA F @A A A?K?E 2HE AH =I ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I @A>A IAH IA A??E =@=I =K GKA AIJA FH ?AI FKA@A HA= E =HIA BKAH= @A A= 2=H= ? =IE ?=H K KAL ?=I @A>A AL= K=HIA =I ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I - JEA F @A AIJA FH ?AI AI E A= ? A AH @A ?=H=?JAH IJE ?=I  F=H= A A A F =?JK=  O = CEJK@ @A =I IAHEAI 5E A >=HC =D H= ?=@= ?=I AI K?D I ? F=?J =I GKA A JEA F A?A I=HE F=H= A ? JH=H I LA?E I I FH NE I IA LA IEC E ?=JEL= A JA HA@K?E@ = L= E@=?E @A J @ @A IA A??E @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I D= IE@ ? IE@AH=@ @AI@A K FK J @A LEIJ= @A =FHA @E = A =KJ JE? J @ I I @=J I @A A JHA = EA J AIJ @EIF E > AI =I GKA =I ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I I IA A??E = @=I KI= @ J @ I I @=J I @A A JHA = EA J 5E A >=HC A K IEIJA = +*4 KAL I ?=I I I E ? HF H=@ I = IEIJA = A ?K= GKEAH A J -IJ I KAL I ?=I I IAH HAFHAIA J=@ I A@E= JA K ? K J @A ?=H=?JAH IJE?=I GKA D= IE@ IA A??E =@=I IE JA AH AI A ?KA J= -IJ F @H = ?=KI=H K = @ACH=@=?E @A HA @E EA J @A IEIJA = 2 H J= J FA I= I GKA IAH = E JAHAI= JA FH >=H A IEIJA = >= AIJ=I ? @E?E AI )@A I KAIJH= E JA ?E AI FH IACKEH ? = L= E@=?E @A AIJ= =FH NE =?E I >HA K ? K J ANFAHE A J= =O H

III Taller Nacional de Minera de Datos y Aprendizaje, TAMIDA2005

211

4ABAHA ?E=I
 ) )= @J = @ - 2 = = +=IA *=IA@ 4A =I E C . K @=JE = 1IIKAI AJD @ CE?= 8=HE=JE I = @ 5OIJA )FFH =?DAI )1 + K E?=JE I 1 5 2HAII 8 %  F=CAI !'#' ''" ) JD = @ * *=HJI?D 5F H ,A ?EIE 5KFF HJ B H +=IA *=IA@ )FF E?= JE I 5FA?E= EIIKA ?=IA >=IA@ @A?EIE IKFF HJ F=CAI $" ''$ ! ) , ) =IJ=IE=@EI / , =C K =I = @ : EK + =IIE ?=JE B 2H JAE ?= EI=JE 2=JJAH I LE= 5KFAHLEIA@ AK H= AJM H A=H E C 1 2H ?AA@E CI B JDA .EBJD 5O F IEK 1 JA ECA J ,= J= ) = OIEI 1,) ! *AH E /AH = O )KCKIJ ! F=CAI "!"!' ! " , *H= , ) 6DKH = = @ + EJ?DA +=IA *=IA@ 4A=I E C =I = AJ D @ CO B H )??K K =JE C 0K = -N FAHJEIA B H ,EI?HAJA 5OIJA + JH 1 2H ?AA@E CI B JDA 1--- 1 J + B 5 + 8= ? KLAH * + += =@= F=CAI " '" ! ''# *HEJ= E = @ =HAB=J +=IA *=IA@ = KB=?JKHE C 2H ?AII 2 = E C MEJD E JACH=JA@ IKFF HJ B H M A@CA ID=HE C 1 1--- 1 J 5O F )IIA > O 6=I 2 = E C F=CAI % ''# + AH A A @A = @ . H 3K= EJ=JELA HAFHAIA J=JE JHA @I B H IEJK=JE =IIAII A J ?=IAI 1 #JD 6HEA E= 9 H @ B JDA 1 JAH =JE = .A@AH=JE =JE? + JH *=H?A = 5F=E 1 /= A B FH ?AII >=IA@ + CHAII B )KJ 

' 4 D=LE ) IJK@O B ?H II L= E@=JE = @ > JIJH=F B H =??KH=?O AIJE =JE = @ @A IA A?JE 1 JAH =JE = E J + BAHA ?A )HJE ?E= 1 JA ECA ?A F= CAI ! & ''#  C= @ AH +=IA *=IA@ 4A=I E C =KB = 2K> EIDAHI ''! H

 , * A= A +*4 E + JANJ 6DA FHA IA J = @ .KJKHA +=IA *=IA@ 4A=I E C -NFAHEA ?AI AII I = @ .KJKHA ,EHA? JE I A 2=H )))1 2HAII ''$  * 2K E@ + ) I = @ . )?A>AI AII I A=H A@ BH @E=C IE C @O = E? IOIJA I KIE C F IIE> A ? E?JI = @ GK= JEJ=JELA @A I 1 - CE AAHE C B 1 JA ECA J 5OIJA I . KHJAA JD 1 JAH =JE = + BAHA ?A 1 @KIJHE= = @ - CE AAHE C )FF E?=JE I B )HJE ?E= 1 JA ECA ?A = @ -NFAHJ 5OIJA I 1-) )1-  L K A % B A?JKHA JAI E )HJE ?E= 1 JA ECA ?A F=CAI !#"" *K@=FAIJ 0K C=HO 

4EAI>A? = @ 4 + 5D= 1 ! + IE@A +=IA *=IA@ 4A=I E C =MHA ?A -H >=K )II ?E=JAI 0E I@= A 75 '&' " K= 4 @H CKA = @ +=H I ) I 5KFF HJ LA?J H =?DE AI B E JAHL= >=IA@ BA=JKHAI B H JE A IAHEAI ? =IIE ?=JE 1 4AIA=H?D = @ ,ALA F A J E 1 JA ECA J 5OIJA I ::1 2H ?AA@E CI B )1 " F= CAI "" #% 5FHE CAH "

% 4 ,K@= = @ 2 - 0=HJ 2=JJAH + =I IE ?=JE = @ 5?A A ) = OIEI D 9E AO = @ 5 I '%! & A CD = @ + ) 4=J= = =D=J= = -N=?J E @ANE C B @O = E? JE A M=H FE C M A@CA = @ 1 B H =JE 5OI JA I %! !#&!&$ #

# 4 >AHJ - 5?D=FEHA 6DA > IJE C =F FH =?D J =?DE A A=H E C ) LAH LEAM 1 541 9 H ID F E A=H -IJE =JE = @ + =IIE ?=JE  DJJF MMM ?I FHE ?AJ A@K I?D=FEHA F=FAHI IHE FI C $ 1 9=JI )FF OE C +=IA *=IA@ 4A=I E C 6A?D EGKAI B H - JAHFHEIA 5OIJA I HC= =KB = 2K> EIDAHI ''%