HOC VIEN HANH CHNH QUOC GIA

Chuyn :

T CHC B MY HNH CHNH NH NC

ThS. Nguyen Xuan Tien Tel: 0913 968 965 Email: xtiennapa@yahoo.com
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T chc b my hnh chnh nh nc

Chng trnh chuyn i Cao hc Thi lng: 30 tit

C S L LUN

T CHC
T CHC HNH CHNH NH NC
T CHC HNH CHNH NH NC TRUNG NG

THIT K V PHT TRIN T CHC HNH CHNH NH NC

T CHC HNH CHNH NH NC A PHNG

Biu Veen

CHNH PH

HE THONG CHNH TR cua Nc CHXHCNVN (The Political system of SRV)

(The Political system of VN)

NG CSVN

NHA NC
(The State)

CAC TO CHC CTXA HOI

(Political Social Organizations)

The National Assembly

LAP PHAP (QUOC HOI)

HANH PHAP (CHNH PHU)

The Government

T PHAP (TAND &VKSND)

The Judiciary
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Cc t chc chnh tr x hi
Bao gm:
Mt trn T quc Vit Nam; Tng Lin on Lao ng Vit Nam; on Thanh nin Cng sn H Ch Minh; Hi Lin hip Ph n Vit Nam; Hi Nng dn Vit Nam; Hi Cu chin binh Vit Nam.
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NHA NC
(The State)

LAP PHAP
The Legislature

HANH PHAP
The Executive

T PHAP
The Judiciary

The National Assembly

QUOC HOI

CHNH PHU
The Government

The Peopls Court The Peopls Office of Supervision and Control

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TAND &VKSND

T chc hnh chnh Nh nc lun c quan tm trong ci cch hnh chnh

Ci cch hnh chnh nh nc

T chc hnh chnh Nh nc

Ni dung chng trnh tng th ci cch hnh chnh Nh nc giai on 2001-2010 (Quyt nh s: 136/2001/Q-TTg)

1. Ci cch th ch. 2. Ci cch t chc b my hnh chnh. 3. i mi, nng cao cht lng i ng cn b, cng chc. 4. Ci cch ti chnh cng.
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CHNG 1 L LUN CHUNG V T CHC B MY HNH CHNH NH NC

Khi nim v t chc b my nh nc II. Nhng c trng c bn ca TCHCNN III. Cc m hnh c cu t chc b my IV. Cc chc nng c bn ca B my hnh chnh nh nc I.
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I. Khi nim v t chc b my nh nc

TCBMNN: l mt h thng cc c quan nh nc c v tr, chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc quan h mt thit vi nhau, to thnh mt th thng nht. c t chc v hot ng theo nhng nguyn tc chung do lut nh.
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T chc hnh chnh nh nc

TCHCNN: l h thng cc c quan hnh chnh nh nc thc thi quyn hnh php c t chc cht ch v c mi quan h vi nhau trn c s ca nhng nguyn tc theo lut nh.

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T chc hnh chnh nh nc

Cc t chc thc thi quyn hnh php to nn b my hnh chnh nh nc c hnh thnh theo quy nh ca php lut. Ty thuc vo th ch nh nc ca tng quc gia m vic thnh lp, c cu ca h thng cc t chc thc thi chc nng hnh php c nhiu dng khc nhau.
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II. Nhng c trng c bn ca TCHCNN

1. Mc tiu ca t chc (TCHCNN). 2. a v php l ca t chc. 3. Quyn lc/thm quyn ca t chc. 4. Quy m hot ng ca t chc. 5. Ngun lc ca t chc (nhn lc - ti chnh).
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1. Mc tiu ca t chc HCNN

Mc tiu ca cc TCHCNN do Nh nc v cc c quan HCNN ra. Mc tiu ca cc TCHCNN l thc hin cc chc nng c bn ca QLHCNN. Mc tiu hot ng ca cc TCHCNN mang ngha x hi (phc v li ch cng) hn l ngha kinh t (ng c li nhun).
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MC TIU (Mc tiu chung ca t chc ) Chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn

M1
CN, NV, QH

M2
CN, NV, QH

M3
CN, NV, QH

M4
CN, NV, QH

M1-1
CN, NV, QH

M1-2
CN, NV, QH
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2. Cch thc thnh lp/V tr php l

Cc c quan HCNN do Nh nc thnh lp v thay mt Nh nc thc hin cc hot ng qun l trn mi lnh vc kinh t, vn ha, x hi, an ninh, quc phng vi trnh t v tr php l theo lut nh.
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2. Cch thc thnh lp/V tr php l

Mi c quan hnh chnh nh nc l mt b phn trong h thng t chc hnh chnh nh nc ca mt quc gia. V tr/a v php l ca cc c quan HCNN c quy nh thng qua nhiu hnh thc nh: Hin php, Lut, Vn bn di lut.
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A V PHP L

QUYN LC THM QUYN

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2. Cch thc thnh lp/V tr php l

H thng cc c quan HCNN c thnh lp c tnh tng i n nh. Thng cc c quan nh nc trung ng. V d: M n nh s lng 14 B t ngy thnh lp nc M (Tuyn ngn c lp 04/07/1776; Hin php 1787), cho n sau s kin 11/9/2001 thnh lp thm B th 15 B An ninh ni a.
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2. Cch thc thnh lp/V tr php l

Mt s nc khc cc t chc hnh chnh c thay i. Trong tng phn h s lng cc t chc thay i nh thnh lp, sp nhp, chia tch, gii th t chc

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3. Vn quyn lc thm quyn

Quyn lc thm quyn l vn quan trng nht ca mt t chc hnh chnh nh nc. Ngun gc quyn lc: do Nh nc trao.

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3. Vn quyn lc thm quyn

Do vy cc t chc hnh chnh nh nc c s dng quyn lc nh nc (quyn lc php l) trong QLHCNN c gii hn theo lut nh:

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3. Vn quyn lc thm quyn

Bt buc thi hnh cc quy nh ca c quan . c quyn (ch c nh nc mi c)

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3. Vn quyn lc thm quyn

Nh nc c quyn t chc thc hin v kim tra vic thc hin cc quy nh. Th hin bng vn bn quy phm php lut hoc c bit quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn.

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4. Quy m hot ng
T chc hnh chnh nh nc l t chc c quy m ln nht ca mt quc gia.

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4. Quy m hot ng
Quy m v: S lng cn b, cng chc. S lng cc phn h (t chc b phn) ca h thng hnh chnh nh nc. Chi tiu cng (khch hng ln nht ca nn kinh t).
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5. Ngun lc ca t chc
Ngun nhn lc Nhng ngi lm vic trong cc t chc hnh chnh nh nc phn ln l cc cng chc. H thc thi cng v.

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5. Ngun lc ca t chc
Cng chc c th c trao thm quyn hnh chnh nhng nhng thm quyn ch c c khi h c t vo cc v tr v u c quy nh r rng bng VBQPPL.

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5. Ngun lc ca t chc
Cng chc v cng v c iu chnh bng Lut cng v - cng chc v cc VBQPPL khc.

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5. Ngun lc ca t chc
Vit Nam l:
Php lnh cn b, cng chc ngy 26/02/1998. Sa i vo nm 2000 v 2003. Nay l LUT Cn b, cng chc. (Lut s: 22/2008/QH12 ) Lut ny c Quc hi nc Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam kha XII, k hp th 4 thng qua ngy 13 thng 11 nm 2008.
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Ngun lc ti chnh
T ngn sch nh nc. Theo quy nh ca VBQPPL. Phi chu s kim sot ca nh nc, trong c Kim ton nh nc (Lut
BHVBQPPL-2008 Tng Kim ton Nh nc: Quyt nh).

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III. Cc m hnh c cu t chc

1. Cc m hnh c cu theo kiu Phng, Ban (m hnh dc, cng nhc)

Trc tuyn. Trc tuyn tham mu. Chc nng.

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III. Cc m hnh c cu t chc

2. Cc m hnh linh hot, mm do

Ma trn (matrix) Mng li (network) y ban v Hi ng (committee)

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C cu trc tuyn
Mi lin h gia cc thnh vin trong t chc: theo ng thng. Ch c 1 cp trn trc tip, ch thi hnh mnh lnh ca cp trn . Ch mt th trng => C lch s ra i sm nht (qun i)

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C cu trc tuyn
Nguyn l th bc - Hierarchical principle u: n gin, d hiu, d thc hin, d kim sot. Nhc: Thiu phi hp, thiu chuyn mn ho. Ch yu p dng cho cc h thng VA v NH.
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Th trng trong c cu t chc trc tuyn

Phi chu trch nhim hon ton v cp di. Mt mnh thc hin tt c cc chc nng ca qun l (POSDCoR), khng chuyn mn ho. Khng c tham mu, khng c cc b phn chc nng gip vic qun l. Hn ch (khng) s dng chuyn gia.
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Th trng trong c cu t chc trc tuyn

i hi phi c kin thc, k nng rng, ton din. Khi cn c s phi hp, hp tc gia 2 n v ngang quyn, thuc cc tuyn khc nhau th phi i ng vng theo knh ch nh.
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M hnh ho c cu trc tuyn

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C cu trc tuyn - tham mu

Trc tuyn : L trc tip ch huy hon thnh cc mc tiu, nhim v ca t chc. Tham mu: L gip cho ngi qun l trc tuyn lm vic c hiu qu hn, khc phc nhc im ca c cu trc tuyn.
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C cu trc tuyn - tham mu

a thm vo t chc mt s B phn tham mu gip vic cho ngi qun l trc tuyn Ngi qun l trc tuyn: Phi bit khai thc kin thc ca chuyn gia, c vn. Khng giao quyn cho chuyn gia, c vn. Tc ra quyt nh QL c chm hn trc. Do phi nghe thm thng tin v cn nhc.
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Vai tr ca ngi tham mu

Ch l c vn ng vai tr thu thp thng tin (iu tra, kho st), nghin cu v t vn cho ngi qun l trc tuyn. Ch a ra li khuyn (khuyn ngh), khng ra mnh lnh.

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Vai tr ca ngi tham mu

Nn a ra nhiu phng n cho ngi qun l trc tuyn la chn, ra quyt nh. Tn trng mi quan h trc tuyn, khng a ngi qun l trc tuyn vo th phi chn la gia cp di trc tuyn v cp di tham mu.
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M hnh ho CC trc tuyntham mu

Tham mu

Tham mu

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Quyn hn tham mu
CH TCH THAM MU

PH CH TCH TI CHNH

PH CH TCH

GIM C S

GIM C S

GIM C S

Quyn lc tham mu Quyn hn trc trc tuyn

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Quyn hn trc tuyn-tham mu

CH TCH

PH CH TCH TI CHNH

PH CH TCH

PH CH TCH

GIM C S

GIM C S

GIM C S

Quyn lc tham mu Quyn hn trc trc tuyn

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C cu chc nng
Nhng nhim v qun l c phn chia cho cc n v ring bit theo cc chc nng QL (PODSCoRB), hnh thnh cc phn h. Mi phn h c chuyn mn ho ch m nhn thc hin mt chc nng nht nh. Cc phn h chc nng u c giao quyn (cc chuyn gia gi y c thm vai tr ch huy).
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C cu chc nng
Gip gii quyt cc vn chuyn mn mt cch thnh tho hn, nhanh hn (v khng cn tham mu cho ngi qun l trc tuyn suy ngh). Gim bt gnh nng v qun l cho ngi lnh o cao nht.
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C cu chc nng - Cc nhc im

Ngi tha hnh nhim v cp di phi nhn mnh lnh t:
Ngi lnh o cao nht. Cc phn h chc nng

Ci nhn hn hp, cc b ca nhng ngi lnh o chc nng: quan trng ho chuyn mn ca mnh, thiu s phi hp v mc tiu chung
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C cu chc nng - Cc nhc im

Ngi lnh o cao nht phi iu phi, kt hp (coordinating) cc hot ng ca cc ngi lnh o chc nng. Cn phi lm r v gii hn quyn hn theo chc nng ca nhng ngi lnh o chc nng. Nu c s khng r rng hoc lm quyn, s lm ri lon h thng: tnh trng chng cho chc nng
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M hnh ho c cu chc nng

Chc nng A

Chc nng B

Cp thi hnh trc tip

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UBND TP HCM
S tai nguyen moi trng

UBND qun A

UBND phng X

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C cu hn hp trc tuyn - chc nng

Chc nng A

Chc nng B

Cp di Trc tuyn

Cp di Trc tuyn

CN

CN

CN

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CN

CN

CN

C cu ma trn
C nhiu tn gi: T chc theo ma trn, theo bn c, theo d n, n, sn phm. L s kt hp gia s phn chia b phn theo chc nng v theo sn phm trong cng mt c cu t chc.
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C cu ma trn
Tn ti:
Ngi qun l d n, phi chu trch nhim v 1 d n, 1 sn phm, l khch hng ni b (internal customer) ca ngi qun l chc nng. Ngi qun l chc nng phi ng thi phc v, tham gia vo nhiu d n, sn phm.

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C cu ma trn
L do tn ti c 2 bn:
D n, sn phm ch tn ti trong thi gian ngn, khng th c b my hon chnh ring. Cn quan tm n OUTPUT, kt qu cui cng. Lc lng lao ng ca bn chc nng c hn, khng th chia u cho cc d n, sn phm. Cn chuyn mn ho v chc nng.
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C cu ma trn
Nu c xung t gia cc bn: chuyn ln cp lnh o cao nht gii quyt. Cn nh r trch nhim, quyn hn ca cc bn.

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Lnh o cao nht

CN 1 DA A

CN 2

CN 3

DA B DA C
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Tng gim c Cng ty ng tu

Qun c PX mc Qun c PX st Qun c PX in

Qun c DA A

Tu c
1/7/2006

Qun c DA B

Tu chin 01/10/2006

Qun c DA C

Tu du lch 31/12/2006 59

GIM C K THUT

T. PHNG SN XUT

T. PHNG K THUT

T. PHNG NHN S

T. PHNG K TON

SN PHM A

SN PHM B SN PHM C SN PHM D

M hnh c cu theo ma trn

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Mng li - Network

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C cu U ban, Hi ng
Cn c vo s ngi c quyn ra quyt nh qun l c quan lnh o ti cao ca t chc:
Nu l 1 ngi: Ch 1 th trng. Nu 2 tr ln: Ch U ban hoc Hi ng.

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M hnh Hi ng Ch tch v cc y ban

C tri
Hi ng Ch tch Cc y ban chuyn nghnh Cc c quan chuyn mn

Nhn dn

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M hnh hot ng qun l thng qua cc y ban do hi ng bu

C tri
Hi ng y ban

Cc c quan chuyn mn

Nhn dn
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Chnh ph

B & Cc CQ ngang B

HNDTnh UBNDTnh
Cc CQ chuyn mn

HNDHuyn

UBNDHuyn

Cc CQ chuyn mn

HND X

UBND X

Cc chc danh chuyn mn

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C cu U ban, Hi ng
u im ca c ch lnh o bng U ban, Hi ng:
Cc u vin ca hi ng n t cc ngun khc nhau, c cc th mnh chuyn mn khc nhau, b sung kin thc cho nhau, em li ci nhn ton din
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C cu U ban, Hi ng
Cc u vin c tnh i din (representative), gip iu ho cc quyn li ca cc nhm li ch. Gip hn ch s c on, lm dng chc quyn, chia s trch nhim cho ngi lnh o.

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C cu U ban, Hi ng
Nhc im:
Quyn lc phn tn. Trch nhim khng r rng, kh kim tra. Ra quyt nh chm chp, b mt thi c, c hi.

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C cu U ban, Hi ng
p dng:
Ch 1 th trng dng cho loi hot ng cn x l nhanh, cng vic t xut, cn thch ng nhanh vi bin i ca mi trng.

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C cu U ban, Hi ng
Ch Hi ng dng cho vic quyt nh cc chin lc, chnh sch, k hoch, quy hoch, th tc, quy ch, c tnh quy phm chung, tnh iu ho quyn li, tnh tng hp, khi qut. Kt hp c 2 ch : Th trng quyt nh, nhng phi da vo kin ca hi ng trong mt s trng hp.
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Th d v c cu Hi ng, U ban Lut t chc HDND v UBND - 2003

Ch tch UBND quyt nh cc vn thuc nhim v, quyn hn ca UBND cp mnh.

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Th d v c cu Hi ng, U ban Lut t chc HDND v UBND - 2003

UBND tho lun tp th v quyt nh theo a s cc vn sau y: Chng trnh lm vic ca UBND K hoach pht trin KT-XH D ton, quyt ton ngn sch hng nm Cc bin php thc hin Ngh quyt ca HDND Bo co ca UBND trc HDND n t chc cc c quan chuyn mn thuc UBND n phn vch, iu chnh a gii hnh chnh
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IV. Cc chc nng c bn ca BMHCNN

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HE THONG CHNH TR cua Nc CHXHCNVN (The Political system of SRV)

(The Communist Party of VN)

NG CSVN

NHA NC
(The State)

CAC TO CHC CTXA HOI

(Political Social Organizations)

The National Assembly

LAP PHAP (QUOC HOI)

HANH PHAP (CHNH PHU)

The Government

T PHAP (TAND &VKSND)

The Judiciary
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NHA NC
(The State)

LAP PHAP
The Legislature

HANH PHAP
The Executive

T PHAP
The Judiciary

The National Assembly

QUOC HOI

CHNH PHU
The Government

The Peopls Court The Peopls Office of Supervision and Control

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TAND &VKSND

S h thng cc c quan thc thi quyn hnh php ca nc CHXHCN Vit Nam Chnh ph
B & Cc CQ ngang B Cc CQ thuc CP Cc TC t vn lin ngnh
Chu thch Quan he cap tren trc tiep

UBNDTnh
Cc CQ chuyn mn UBNDHuyn

Cc CQ chuyn mn

Quan he ch ao chuyen mon, nghiep vu

UBND X

Cc chc danh chuyn mn

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Chc nng ca nh nc

- Chc nng i ni - Chc nng i ngoi

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B my nh nc (BMNN) l h thng cc c quan Nh nc, t chc v hot ng theo nhng nguyn tc chung thng nht to thnh mt c ch ng b, thng nht thc hin cc nhim v v chc nng ca Nh nc.

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Chc nng ca nh nc CHXHCN Vit Nam

a. Chc nng i ni T chc qun l Kinh t T chc qun l vn ha x hi Bo m n nh chnh tr, an ninh, an ton x hi v bo v t do, quyn, li ch chnh ng ca cng dn l chc nng hng du ca nh nc XHCHVN.
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Chc nng ca nh nc CHXHCN Vit Nam

a. Chc nng i ngoi - Bo v t quc XHCN - Cng c, m rng quan h hu ngh v hp tc vi cc nc theo nguyn tc bnh ng cng c li, khng can thip vo ni b ca nhau.

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CC TCHCNN (VN)

Thc hin cc Chc nng ca nh nc XHCNVN

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 Chc nng ca nh nc l nhng phng din (mt) hot ng c bn ca nh nc nhm thc hin cc mc tiu, nhim v ca nh nc. Trong cc giai on pht trin c th, chc nng ca nh nc cng lun thay i. cc giai on khc nhau th ni dung ca tng chc nng c th khc nhau.

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 Tt c cc chc nng nh nc hp thnh mt h thng thng nht, biu hin y bn cht ca nh nc v tt c u nhm mc ch gii quyt nhng nhim v c bn ca nh nc trn cc lnh vc chnh tr, kinh t, vn ha-x hi, an ninh, quc phng, i ngoi

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 Chc nng ca nh nc c lin quan cht ch vi mc tiu/nhim v ca nh nc Mc tiu/nhim v l ci ch cn t ti, l vn t ra m nh nc cn gii quyt. Chc nng l phng din hot ng ca nh nc nhm t ti ch, tc l thc hin mc tiu/nhim v t ra ca nh nc.

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 gii quyt nhim v (chin lc) cn phi thc hin nhiu chc nng khc nhau nh cc lnh vc chnh tr, kinh t, i ngoi Ngc li trong qua trnh thc hin mt chc nng no ca nh nc cng cn gii quyt nhiu loi nhim v ty thuc vo tng hon cnh, giai on c th ca t nc.

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Cc chc nng c bn ca TCHCNN

1. Chc nng chnh tr 2. Chc nng kinh t 3. Chc nng vn ho 4. Chc nng x hi

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1. Chc nng chnh tr

Nhim v c bn ca hnh chnh nh nc l thc thi nhng mc tiu chnh tr. y l chc nng c bn ca b my hnh chnh, cn c gi l chc nng thng tr. y l chc nng khng th thiu c i vi nn hnh chnh ca bt c quc gia no trn th gii.
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2. Chc nng kinh t

y l chc nng qun trng nht ca b my hnh chnh trong mi quc gia. Chc nng ny xut hin cng vi s ra i ca nh nc. Chc nng kinh t ca nn hnh chnh nh nc thng qua cc b phn qun l kinh t ca chnh ph lnh o, t chc v qun l kinh t-x hi.
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3. Chc nng vn ho
y l mt trong nhng chc nng truyn thng v quan trng nht ca BMHCNN trong tt c cc quc gia. Trong mi thi k lch s v mi quc gia khc nhau m chc nng vn ha ca nn hnh chnh c nhng c im khc nhau ph thuc vo nhim v chnh tr ca mi quc gia.

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4. Chc nng x hi
y l mt chc nng rng, bao hm trong nhiu hot ng ca BMHCNN. Chc nng x hi trong HCNN thng thng qua vic xy dng cc b my chuyn ngnh thc thi s qun l i vi cc cng vic nh phc li x hi, bo him x hi, v cung cp dch v cng cng nh y t, bo v tr em, bo v mi trng, v xy dng cc cng trnh phc li cng cng. 91

Chc cc bn thnh cng

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