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Hng dn hc PhotoShop c bn
Bi 2: Chnh Sa nh
Trong bi ny chng ta s hc v cc k thut chnh sa nh trong Photoshop. Ln ny c kh nhiu hnh nh: V sao cn phi chnh sa nh? Nu bn ang thc hin mt d n no , chng hn design mt trang qung co trn mt tp ch, thng thng bn s mun s dng nh stock cng cht lng cng tt. Nhng i lc chng ta khng c s la chn, v d nh khi khch hng a cho bn mt bc nh v yu cu bn phi thc hin design da trn bc nh chng hn. Hoc n gin l bn mun t mnh chnh sa nhng bc nh chp trong nhng chuyn i chi vi bn b hoc gia nh in ra lm k nim. i vi ti, mt bc nh p l mt bc nh r nt, mu sc r rng, tng phn tt. Nhng ng tic thay khng phi tt c chng ta u l nhng nh nhip nh chuyn nghip. Vi loi camera s point and shoot ph bin m a s mi ngi s dng, nhiu kh nng l s cho ra nhng bc nh khng hon ho. Trong trng hp ny bn cn phi s dng n Photoshop v k nng chnh sa nh (image adjustment) ca mnh. Trc khi chng ta i vo phn thc hnh hy nh mt quy tc: Ch chnh sa nhng g cn chnh sa. Hy nhn th vo bc nh ny ca Zemotion trn Deviant Art. Bn thn n l mt tc phm ngh thut han chnh, khng c g cn phi thay i. ng cha ln lnh thnh ln qu. Khi nhn vo mt bc nh hy phn tch xem c iu g khng n khng v nu c th iu l g? Gi thi quen ny v dn dn bn s c kh nng ch nhn qua mt bc nh v bit r mnh cn phi lm g. Shadow/Highlight Hy m hnh nh u tin ca bi ra:

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C iu g khng n trong bc nh ny? nh qu ti, hay ni cch khc l khng sng. Trong nhip nh t k thut gi n l underexpose. Ti s khng i su vo gii thch cc chi tit k thut y, nhng y l mt vn kh ph bin khi s dng cc loi my nh thng thng. gii quyt vn ny, vo Image -> Adjustments Shadow/Highlight. Bn c th ko cc thanh trt thy hiu qu. ->

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y l kt qu, bc nh sng ln va , v cc chi tit vn lc trc khng th nhn thy do nh qu ti dn hin ra:

Brightness/Contrast Gi hy m bc nh th hai ca bi, hy th t phn tch xem bc nh ny c vn g:

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i vi ti, mu sc ca bc nh ny c v nht nht, thiu tng phn v thiu chiu su. Chng ta s gii quyt vn bng cch vo: Image -> Adjustments -> Brightness/Contrast. Cng ging nh vi Shadow/Highlight, bn c th ko thanh trt trn chnh sng/ti v thanh trt di chnh mc tng phn:

Khi hi lng, n OK.

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Ch mt ng tc nh m kt qu tht ng ngc nhin. T nhin bc nh nhn c chiu su, mu sc nhn c sc sng, background v foreground r rng hn nhiu. Red eye: M bc nh th 3 ca chng ta ra, c l ti k hng cn phi ni cc bn cng t bit vn y l g =)

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y gi l hin tng mt , hin tng ny xy ra kh ph bin. Bn c bit rng trong PS c mt cng c chuyn dng tr chng mt ny khng ?

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Click vo icon mt . Voila!

hoc phm tt J, sau ch cn click chut vo hai con

Hue/Saturation: Ghi li bn quyn khi bn lu hnh bi vit ny.Share by Tieuthieugia

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Bn bao gi nhn mt chic o v t hi: nu nh n mu xanh/vng/ th c p hn khng? Vi PS chng ta c th bin bt c ci g thnh bt c mu g bn mun. Hy m nh 4 ca bi ra:

Nu bn nh bi hc v vng chn ca chng ta: nu nh c mt vng chn, tt c nhng thay i bn thc hin trong PS s ch nh hng ti vng chn . iu ny cng p dng vi tt c nhng chc nng chnh sa (adjustments) m chng ta ang hc s dng. y chng ta mun i mu chic o polo ny, v vy vic trc tin l to mt vng chn quanh chic o. Bn c th s dng bt c cng c to vng chn a thch no ca mnh:

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Nu bn s dng Photoshop CS3, lc ny bn c th vo chc nng refine edge chnh cho vng chn ca mnh tht chnh xc. Nh hnh di, khi nhn vng chn ca mnh trn nn en, ti thy mnh chn tha ra ngai mt cht, v th ti ko thanh Contract/Expand v bn tri rt gn vng chn ca mnh mt cht

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Khi hi lng vi vng chn, bn n OK. Vo Image -> Adjustments -> Hue/Saturation hoc phm tt Ctrl + U.

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Bt c ai hc qua v phi mu u bit mu sc c 3 tnh cht: Hue (sc), Saturation ( m nht) v Light/Darkness ( sng ti). Trong bng ny chng ta c th iu chnh 3 tnh cht ca mu sc. Hy th nghim vi cc thanh trt c nim v chc nng ca chng. Khi hi lng n OK

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Nu bn ghi nh vng chn trn, ln sau quay tr li bn c th load vng chn v i mu o tip nu mun. Nh ti ni, s dng chc nng ny chng ta c th i mu ca bt c ci g thnh bt c mu g. Bn c th to ra nhng hnh nh k l chng hn nh:

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Hoc

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i tranh mu thnh tranh trng en Hy m hnh 5 bi ra:

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Trong Photoshop c nhiu cch chuyn t nh mu sang nh trng en. Bn c th vo Image -> Adjustments -> Desaturate (phm tt Shift + Ctrl + U) hoc vo Image -> Mode -> Grayscale. Kt qu s ra th ny:

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ng l mt bc nh trng en, nhng n li ri vo trng hp ca bc nh th hai: mu sc km tng phn, thiu trng tm. Mt bc nh trng en p trc ht l phi c tng phn cao. Nu bn s dng cch trn, PS t ng chuyn nh t mu thnh trng en m khng cho ngi s dng la chn iu chnh g c. V vy chng ta s s dng cch khc. D ng Ctrl + Alt + Z quay tr li trc khi i mu.

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Vo Image -> Adjustments -> Black and White. Nu bn khng s dng Photoshop CS3 s khng c chc nng ny, Trong trng hp bn c th dng Image -> Adjustments -> Channel Mixer v tick vo Monochrome, chc nng tng t nhng t linh hat hn.

y ko cc thanh trt Reds, Yellows, Greens, Cyans s thay i sng ti ca mu sc tng ng trong tranh. Trong Photoshop CS3 bn c th tr chut trc tip vo vn bn nh v ko th thay i sng ti ca mng mu tng ng. Hy t th nghim mt lc, c gng to ra mt hnh nh tng phn cao

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Nu vn cha hi lng, sau khi s dng Black and White bn c th m Level (Image -> Adjustments -> Levels hoc Ctrl + L) v chnh sng ti thm na. Hy th so snh hai bc tranh trng en thc hin bng hai cch. S dng cch sau linh hat hn v cho php ta to ra nhng bc nh trng en n tng hn rt nhiu =) Project time!

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By gi chng ta s dng nhng t hc t u n gi thc hin mt design kh vui =). Hy m nh 6 ca bi ra:

Chng ta c mt ch mo d thng ang nm ng trn t bo. n Ctrl + J copy nh thnh mt layer mi, t tn layer ny l nh mo. Dng free transform (Ctrl + T) thu nh hnh nh li va vi t bo, lt nghing sang phi mt cht: Ghi li bn quyn khi bn lu hnh bi vit ny.Share by Tieuthieugia

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Vo Edit -> Transform -> Distort, ko cc mp ca layer ra sao cho cng gn tng ng nh nh c in trn mt bo cng tt.

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Vo Edit -> Transform -> Warp, lc ny s xut hin mt khung tng t nh ci li. Dng chut ko cc im mc un mp sao cho hp vi mp t bo:

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Gii thiu: Burn tool Vo icon hoc phm tt O chn Burn tool. Cng c ny hat ng nh mt brush v chc nng ca n l lm ti mu nhng vng c t. Gim size brush n mc va nh, ri t qua nh gi to bng ca mp gp t bo:

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nh trong bo khng th nt nh ngai nn vo Image -> Adjustments -> Hue/Saturation v Image -> Adjustments -> Brightness/Contrast chnh cho nh trn mt bo m i.

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Chng ta va c hnh ch mo ng bn trong hnh ch mo ng =D. Nhng cha ht, by g hy copy layer nh mo v lp li cc bc trn trong hnh nh nh hn. Li lp li bc thm 2 ln na. Kt qu cui cng l y:

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Hi Dng ngy 04/01/2010

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