Hematology(Chapter 17) Blood:

Connective tissue Cells (formed elements) Leukocytes, latelets and !rythrocytes Li"uid matri#(plasma) $issolved proteins Collagen and elastic fi%ers a%sent &'( C (1))*+( ,) 1( higher than %ody temperature -lightly .lkaline '/ %ody0s 1eight 2ale 345 liters (1 167 gallons) ,emales +43 Liters ,unctions of Blood: $istri%ution $elivers o#ygen and nutrients to all %ody cells 8ransports meta%olic 1astes Car%on dio#ide to lungs 9ther nitrogenous 1astes to kidneys 8ransportation of hormones from endocrine glands :egulation Body temperature via vasoconstriction and vasodilation of %lood vessels pH 7*&347*+3 rotein act as %uffers Bicar% reserve 2aintaining ade"uate fluid volume -olutes such as salts and proteins Hydrostatic and osmotic pressures H79 ; C97 < H7C9& H7C9& 4= H ; HC9&

 rotection Leukocytes .nti%odies Hemostasis latelets Coagulation ,actors

Blood lasma: -erum >hen the fi%rinogen and clotting factors are removed from plasma lasma roteins 74'/ of plasma 54' g6dl 2ost plasma proteins are made %y the liver .l%umin -mallest and most a%undant(5)/) :egulates 1ater movement %et1een interstitial space and %lood (osmotic pressure) 8ransport protein for some ions, hormones, and lipids .cts as a %lood %uffer to maintain pH ?lo%ulins(&5/ of plasma proteins) ,i%rinogen 9ther -olutes !lectrolytes @utrients ?lucose, amino acids, cholesterol, vitamins, fatty acids ?ases 9#ygen and car%on dio#ide

 >aste products Lactic .cid, Creatine, Area, Biliru%in(Baundice), .mmonia