Tm hiu v Advanced Filter

Phn 1 : Tm hiu v Advanced Filter

1/ C s d liu cho Advanced Filter cn nhng g ?
Gi s ta c mt bng d liu A2 : D20
- Hng du tin A1 : D1 phi l hng tiu d, hng ny duoc phn bit bng mt
kiu Format khc, nhu t dm chng han v cc t nn vit lin nhau, khng b du
Td : ct A cha ngy thng, th A1 duoc dt l Ngay. Tung tu, ct B l MaKH, ct C
l MaMH, ct D l SoLuong
- Cc hng cha d liu phi lin tuc, lin nhau
- Khng c hng trng trong CSDL
- Nu kt thc mt CSDL, ban phi cha mt hng trng pha dui v mt ct trng
bn phi ca CSDL d
2/ Vng diu kin (Criteria Range) :
Tai vng ny, ban s cho diu kin d ch nhng hng no dp ng duoc diu kin
ny mi hin thi ra sau khi trch loc. Ban c th s dung mt hay nhiu diu kin d
loc
Th du : Vng F1:F2 l vng diu kin
-Tiu d F1 phi chnh xc dng vi mt trong cc tiu d (A1 : D1), (nu ban mun
trch loc ct no, th ly tiu d ca ct d dt lm tiu d cho vng diu kin ny).
Td nu ta mun loc xem cc khch hng no mua hng vi s luong no d, ta s
dt tai F1 tiu d SoLuong
- Cell F2 s cha diu kin. Cc diu kin loc thung xy ra l :
a) < : nh hn (Td : <500, ch nhng s luong no nh hn 500 s duoc loc)
b) <= : nh hn hay bng (<=500)
c) >= : ln hn hay bng (>=500)
d) > : ln hn (>500)
e) = : bng (=500)
f) <> : khc hay khng bng (<>500)
3/ Vng trch loc d liu :
Nu ban mun sau khi loc d liu xong, d liu mi s duoc Copy sang mt ni khc,
v ban ch mun loc mt s ct thi, th du ban ch mun ly ct B v D l ct maKH
v ct SoLuong, ban s phi dnh tiu d MaKH v SoLuong tai vi tr ban mun Copy
d liu. Trong trung hop ban ly d s ct hin thi, ban c th b qua buc ny
Ban hy nh rng cc tiu d ct tai vi tr mi ny phi chnh xc vi tiu d ca
bng d liu
4/ p dung vic loc d liu :
- Chon tt c cc Cell ca CSDL c vng tiu d
- T Menu Data, chon Filter / Advanced Filter
- Ban c th chon mt trong 2 Option sau :
a) Filter the list, in-place : loc tai ch, ch nhng hng no tha mn diu kin loc s
hin thi, hng no khng tha dK s bi che di
b) Copy to another location : Copy sang vng khc nhng d liu no tha dK loc
- Tai List range : ban xc lp vng CSDL cn loc
- Tai Criteria range : ban xc lp vng diu kin loc
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- Copy to : Nu ban mun Copy sang ni khc, ban hy chon ni bt du
- Click OK d han tt vic loc
Phn 2 : Lc cc mu tin duy nht
Ban c th s dung Advanced Filter gip cho ban vic ny.
- Ban chon CSDL, c vng tiu d ct.
- Ban khng cn xc lp vng diu kin nhu trn, cn cc buc khc th tung tu.
- Nu ban mun Copy sang ni khc, ban c th ch dinh ni bt du DS mi
- Ban chon du kim Unique records Only tai hp thoai Advanced Filter v click chon
OK d kt thc
Trung hop ban mun Copy sang mt Worksheet khc, khng cng trn Sheet dt
CSDL .
Td : Sheet dt CSDL ca ban l Sheet1, Sheet 2 ban s dt DS loc. Ban s thuc hin
nhu sau :
- Chon Sheet 2
- Nu ban chon tt c cc ct ca CSDL th b qua buc ny. Cn ban mun ct no
hin thi, th dnh tiu d ca ct d vo DS loc thi
- ng tai Sheet2 v m hp thoai Advanced Filter t Menu Data / Filter
- Cc buc khc tung tu nhu trn, ch duy nht l ban dng ngay tai Sheet 2 chon
CSDL v vng dK
Phn : Lc !iu "i#n A$% v& '(
Gi s CSDL A1: D20 ca ta c cc ct nhu trn : Ngaythang, MaKH, MaMH,
SoLuong
1/ iu kin AND :
Nu ban mun loc theo diu kin AND, th du loc cc khch hng c tn l AA, mua
mt hng l HH1, vi s luong >500 th vng diu kin G1:I2 ca ban s nhu sau :
- Tai G1, ban g MaKH, H1 l MaMH, I1 l Soluong
- Tai G2, ban g AA, H2, ban g HH1, I2 ban g >500
Luu : Cc diu kin AND nm cng vi nhau trn mt hng
2/ iu kin OR :
Nu ban mun loc theo diu kin OR, th du loc hoc cc khch hng c tn l AA,
hoc mua mt hng l HH1, hoc mua vi s luong >500 th vng diu kin G1:I4
ca ban s nhu sau :
- Tai G1, ban g MaKH, H1 l MaMH, I1 l Soluong
- Tai G2, ban g AA, H3, ban g HH1, I4 ban g >500
Luu : Cc diu kin OR khng nm cng vi nhau trn mt hng. Ban thy khng,
vng dK loc AND l G1:I2, trong khi vng diu kin OR l G1:I4
Phn ) : Lc v*i cc "+ t, !-i di#n ./ 0/ 1
1/ K tu * :
Nu ct MaKH ca ban bao gm cc m khch hng khc nhau, trong d c khch
hng : AAB, BAA, ABC, BAB ban mun loc cc khch hng c chui k tu AB th vng
diu kin loc ban s ghi l : *AB*
Cc m KH l AAB, ABC, BAB s duoc trch loc ra khi CSDL
Nhu vy, k tu * dai din cho mt chui k tu
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2/ K tu ? :
K tu ? dai din cho mt k tu duy nht trong chui, th du trn nu ta dt vng
diu kin l : BA? th cc m KH BAA, BAB s duoc loc
3/ K tu ~ :
Nu trong m KH ca ban c k tu *, th du A*B, khi ban dt diu kin loc l A*B,
Excel s ngm hiu l ban mun loc tt c cc KH c k tu du l A v k tu cui l
B, trong khi d, ban ch mun loc dng m KH l A*B m thi. Trong trung hop
ny, ban phi dt vng diu kin l : A~*B, Excel mi gip ban diu m ban mun
Phn 2 : 34t v&i th5 d6 v v7n8 !iu "i#n lc
Cng CSDL A1 : D20 vi 4 ct Ngaythang, MaKH, MaMH, SoLuong nhu trn, cc ban
nh. Cc ban c nhp th d liu ca mnh
1/ Td 1 : Loc DS cc khch hng mua hng t ngy 10/01/06 dn 15/01/06
Vng diu kin ta s dt nhu sau :
- Tai F1, g Ngaythang, G1 cng g Ngaythang
- Tai F2, g >=10/01/06, G2 g <=15/01/06
Nhn xt : y chnh l p dung diu kin AND cho cng mt kiu d liu
Ngaythang
2/ Td 2 : Loc DS cc khch hng c MaKH l AA mua sn phm HH1 v khch hng
c MaKH l BB mua sn phm l HH3. Ta s dt vng diu kin nhu sau :
- Tai F1, g MaKH, G1 g MaHH
- Tai F2 g AA, G2 g HH1
- Tai F3, g BB v G3 g HH2
Nhn xt : y l th du p dung cho vic kt hop loc d liu theo c 2 diu kin
AND v OR
3/ Td 3 : Loc dng t cn thit. TD nu ban c 2 MaKH l AB v ABAB, nu ban g
vo vng diu kin l AB, th DS loc ca ban s bao gm c 2 m KH ny. By gi
ban mun loc chnh xc ch KH AB thi, ban phi g vo vng K nhu sau :
- Tai F1, g MaKH
- Tai F2, g ="=AB"
y chnh l phn l th nht ca Advanced Filter, Truc khi lm vic vi cc cng
thc tai vng diu kin, cc ban luu rng nu dt cng thc tai Cell F2, th Cell F1
l hng trng. Vng diu kin ca chng ta vn l F1:F2, cc ban , v CSDL ca
chng ta cng ging nhu cc bi trn
Mi cc ban xem bi ca Adam_tran :
Trch nguyn vn:
Vng ListRange l A2:C20, CriteriaRange l F:F2! "u c#u l$c c%c hng & c't A c( )* l gi% tr+
, A -l.c ny l /001 v c't C c( /L 2 gi% tr+ , 3 -L.c ny l 01! T4i , F2 56t c,ng th7c
8A9:-A;8A<, C;23<1!
A=vance=Filter -AF1 s> ch4y =uy?t @ua tAt cB c%c RecCr= c( trCng ListRange, -trD =Eng tiu 5F1
5Gi chiHu l#n lIJt vKi 5iFu Li?n & vng CriteriaRange, nhIng AF s> tha) chiHu MiNu th7c &
CriteriaRange vKi c%c =Eng tIOng 7ng!
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CP thN, t4i =Eng th7 -=Eng ;1, A=vance= s> LiN) tra MiNu th7c 8A9:-A;8A<, C;23<1 8
FAL/Q
:Eng R: 8A9:-AR8A<, CR23<1 8 FAL/Q
:Eng S: 8A9:-AS8A<, CS23<1 8 FAL/Q
:Eng T: 8A9:-AT8A<, CT23<1 8 TRUQ
TIOng tV nhI vWy thX AF chY trch ra c%c =Eng T, Z v ;, t7c c%c =Eng c( 5iFu Li?n TRUQ!
ChY c#n thay 5[i =Au cG 5+nh & , F2 thnh 8A9:-A;8A, C;231, AF s> chC LHt @uB hCn tCn
Lh%c!
:Eng ;: 8A9:-A;8A, C;231 8 FAL/Q
:Eng R: 8A9:-AR8A2, CR2321 8 FAL/Q
:Eng S: 8A9:-AS8A;, CS23;1 8 FAL/Q
:Eng T: 8A9:-AT8AR, CT23R1 8 FAL/Q
:C 5(, 5+a chY tha) chiHu & CriteriaRange l rAt @uan tr$ng, c( thN n(i chY c#n thay 5[i MiNu th7c
& CriteriaRange ta c( thN trch l$c theC \ )uGn c]a )Xnh!
TheC e) =ng MiNu th7c 5iFu Li?n hay hOn vX CriteriaRange chY =ng ,, nHu =ng nhiFu , thX
c( thN g6^ r_c rGi vKi c%c gi% tr+ ngy hay c%c LiNu =` li?u Lh%c nhau! 9hIng =ng , thX ^hBi
n_) ch%c ac%cha ) AF l) vi?c!
C( 5iFu ) AF lbn AutCFilter 5Fu giGng nhau & chc, hXnh nhI gi% tr+ LiN) tra c]a AF hay AutC
5u @uy ra LiNu Tedt! -/heet Th =P 2, e) Lh,ng hiNu c6n Le l_)1! /heet Th =P 2 c't A, , AZ l
gi% tr+ Tedt, nhIng Lhi l$c C't A ngy 02f0;f200T thX gi% tr+ ny cgng 5IJc 5Ia vC! h C't :
gi% tr+ hCn tCn giGng c't A nhIng 5+nh =4ng FCr)at c]a c't : l aiia -ChY hiNn th+ th%ng1! jhi
l$c c't : gi% tr+ l 0; tAt nhin n( s> Lh,ng l$c , :Z! C( thN sk =Png )lC nhm ny Lhi =ng
AutCFilter 5N l$c tDng th%ng, thay vX ^hBi vC CustC) 5N ch$n ns oreater than !!! ta chY c#n 5[i
FCr)at c't ngy sang aiia, rpi l$c -rAt nhanh1! 9gCi ra cgng 5N LiN) tra de) Lhi nhW^ li?u
ngIqi nhW^ c( nhW^ ngy =IKi =4ng Tedt hay Lh,ng! ChY c#n 5[i FCr)at sang ayyyya chrng h4n,
nHu 5.ng LiNu ngy thX gi% tr+ 5[i thnh sG n), cEn LiNu Tedt thX vbn gi` nguyn nhI cg!
TrCng V3A, 5sy l 2 thu'c tnh Lh%c Mi?t, 5( l Cell!Tedt v Cell!Value
Phn 6 : Cc th du v loc d liu bng cng thc
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nhc lai : Vng Criteria F1:F2 s c Cell F1 khng nht thit phi c tiu d ct ging
vi tiu d ct ca CSDL, hoc c th l vng trng
TD1 : Tai ct D c tiu d SoLuong, ban mun loc Top 5 mu tin c s luong ln
nht, ta s dt cng thc nhu sau vo vng diu kin (Criteria)
F2 : =D2>=LARGE($D$2:$D$20,5)
Hm Large s cho kt qu 5 gi tri ln nht ca dy $D$2:$D$20. Tham chiu tuyt
di ca dy s duoc s dung tai dy. Cell D2 du tin ca ct s duoc so snh vi gi
tri ny. Tham chiu tung di s duoc s dung cho D2, cc ban hy tu tm hiu xem
khi thay di cc kiu tham chiu s cho kt qu ra sao nh (hiu diu ny kh quan
trong di vi bi thch d dy cc ban ). Nhng hng no c s luong ln hn hoc
bng 5 gi tri ln nht s qua vng loc vi gi tri l True.
TD2: Gi s ta c mt CSDL gm c 4 ct, nhung c 2 ct C v D l ct
NgayDatHang v NgayGiaoHang. Cc ct cn lai ty ban nghi. Ti mun loc nhngn
MaKH no d duoc giao hng ngay (ngy dt hng v ngy giao hng ging nhau)
Tai vng Criteria, ti s dt cng thc sau tai Cell F2 :=C2=D2
TD3: Cng th du trn, nhung ti mun loc ngy giao v ngy nhn khc nhau, ti s
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dt cng thc tai F2 nhu sau : =C2<>D2
Ban cng c th s dung tiu d ct thay v dia ch Cell tham chiu. TD
:=NgayDatHang<>NgayGiaoHang. Cng thc trn c th cho kt qu l NAME?
hay VALUE tuy vy, Advanced Filter vn lm vic chnh xc
TD4 : Loc cc KH c s luong mua hng ln hn s luong bnh qun trong thng. Vn
ct D l ct SoLuong
Vng diu kin : F2 : =D2>AVERAGE($D$2:$D$20)
TD5 : Loc cc m KH mua hng nhiu ln trong thng. Ct B l ct MaKH. Ta dt
cng thc sau vo vng diu kin :
F2 : = COUNTIF($B$2:$B$20,B2)>1
TD6 : Tm ch s trong mt s hay mt k tu trong mt chui. Gi s ta mun tm
cc m KH tai ct B c ch A, ta c th dt cng thc vo vng diu kin nhu sau :
(bi trn ta dt *A*)
F2 : = ISTET(FIND("A",B2)
Tung tu, nu ta mun tm nhng hng c s 5 trong ct D, ta s dt cng thc sau
vo vng diu kin :
F2 : = ISNUMBER(FIND("5",D2)
Nu cc ban khng dt hm ISTET hay ISNUMBER, vng diu kin s th hin li
VALE, nhung Advanced Filter vn cho kt qu dng
TD : Loc chnh xc c phn bit ch hoa v ch thung. Nu ct MaKH ca ban c
cc mKH l ab, AB, aB v Ab. Khi ban dt cng thc sau vo vng diu kin :
F2 : =EACT(B2,"AB")
Th s loc nhng m KH AB, cn ab, Ab, aB bi b qua
TD : Loc dng trng. Gi s ct D, SoLuong ca ban c KH khng mua hng, nhung
vn c tn trong CSDL. Cui thng, ban mun loc nhng KH ny, ban s dt cng
thc sau vo vng diu kin :
F2 : =D2=""
Trn dy l mt s th du cho thy vn dung cng thc dn gin vo cc diu kin
loc ca Advanced Filter. Cc ban hy tm hiu thm nh
Mt vi kin v sp xp CSDL cho Advanced Filter
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C kin cho rng ta nn dt vng Criteria bn dui CSDL, nhung diu ny thung
khng hop l. V sao ? CSDL ca ta khng bit s gii han kch thuc du, v n
lun lun pht trin.
Do d, nhiu li khuyn cho thy, CSDL ca ta s duoc thit k t hng 4 hay hng 5
tr xung.
Gi s ta bt du hng tiu d l hng 4. T hng 5 ta dng d nhp d liu. Vi
nhng CSDL ln, nhiu ct (trung), d tin vic loc d liu, ngui ta hay sp xp t
hng 1 dn hng 3, l vng Criteria. Ngay tai A1, ta nhp cng thc =A4, v ko r
sang cc ct bn canh. iu ny dm bo tn ca vng diu kin duoc sao chp
dng vi tn ca cc trung trong CSDL. Khi ta thay di tn ca trung d liu, cc
tn ca vng diu kin cng duoc thay di cp nht theo.
T hng th 2 v hng 3, ta dng d dt cc diu kin loc. Nu trung hop phi loc
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cc diu kin AND (dt trn cng mt hng), ngui ta thung linh dng bng cc
cng thc nhu cc bi trn.
- Mt trng trong vng Criteria (vng diu kin), duoc xem nhu "chp nhn
bt c gi tri no ca ct ny". Nu ban dua vo mt dng trng trong vng
ny, bans nhn duoc mt DS chua loc. Do d, khi ban xa bt ni dung vng
diu kin ny, khng ch dn gin l xa ni dung ca hng d, m ban cn
gim vng Criteria trong hp thoai Advanced Filter
-Khi ban dinh vng dK trong hp thoai Advanced Filter, Excel s gn tn
Criteria cho vng ny. Ban c th s dung ci tn d, nu ban nhn F5 v
chon Criteria t hp thoai Go To, ban s quay v vi vng diu kin ny
-Cng vy, khi ban xc dinh vng Copy To trong hp thoai Advanced Filter,
Excel s gn tn Extract cho vng d. Ban cng c th dng F5 v chon
Extract t hp thoai Go To
-Mi ln ban s dung Advanced Filter, Excel s kim tra lai tan b DS ch
khng phi vng d loc. Do vy, ban khng cn phi s dung lnh Sho All
khi thay di vic loc
-Khi ban s dung cng thc d tnh tan trong vng Criteria, tiu d ca vng
ny hoc b trng, hoc c th cha vn bn, nhung n khng phi l bn
sao ca bt k tiu d no khc ca DS. Nu tiu d b trng, ban vn phi
dua chng vo vng Criteria khi xc dinh vng ny trong hp thoai Advanced
Filter
- Tiu chun ca vn bn : (dang Text)
a) Mt t dn : c nghia l chp nhn bt c gi tri no bt du bng t ny.
TD : Nhp t M s cho tn l Mary, Martha, Mina...duoc loc
b) K hiu > v < : Nhp >M s loc cc tn bt du t M cho dn , trong khi
nhp <M, s loc cc tn bt du t A dn L
Xo vng lc v iu kin lc ca AutoFilter v Advanced Filter
L9 :;n %uy#t
Cng cu AutoFilter v Advanced Filter l cng cu manh trong Excel, n gip cho
ngui s dung loc v ly khi d liu cn thit.
_i vi AutoFilter
Khi s dung cng cu ny nu ch , ban s thy rng Excel nh vng truc d ban
loc. Trong mt s trung hop th diu ny hu ch. Nhung nu ban mun lm vic vi
cc vng khc th tht l bt tin. Excel luu gi vng loc ca ban vi tn
_FilterDatabase. Ban khng th xo tn ny bng cch thng thung l vo
Insert/Name/Define.
Gi s ti c vng d liu mun loc l vng A1:E5 ca Sheet1.
Ti Click v A2 v chon Data/Filter/AutoFilter. Sau d ti chon Insert/Name/Define.
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Hp thoai Define Name xut hin. Nhung ban s khng thy mt tn no c (gi s
rng truc d ban chua dt tn cho vng no c).
Tn _FilterDatabase l loai hidden. V vy ban s khng thy duoc bng cch ny.
By gi gi s ti nhp vo A6 vi ni dung L uc v B6 vi ni dung Cung
cc khc ti khng nhp (ban cng c th nhp ni dung vo cc khc, dy do
lm v du ti gin luoc bt). Ti chon diu kin loc ct dia ch l: un Th c.
Kt qu loc ca ti s nhu sau:
Ban thy rng hng ban va nhp vo cng bi Hide lun. By gi ti chon diu kin
loc ct Diachi l All d ti b diu kin loc va ri. Sau d ti xo d liu va nhp
vo A6 v B6. Sau d ti lai lp lai diu kin loc ct Diachi l un Th c.
Ban s thy hng s 6 cng bi du lun.
Vng d l bt tin ca AutoFilter.
_i vi AdvancedFilter
Tung tu di vi AdvancedFilter. Ti chon Data/Filter/AdvancedFilter vi cc d liu
nhu sau:
Kt qu ti duoc cc d liu hng 16 v 1 dui dy
n lc ny nu ban chon Insert/Name/Define ban s thy hai tn Criteria, v
Extract trong hp thoai Define Name
Vi cng cu AdvanceFilter ngoi hai vng c tn trn ban cng duoc vng c tn l
_FilterDatabase. Nhung nhu d ni trn, tn ny khng th thy hay xo duoc theo
cch thng thung. Tuy nhin, ban c th s dung doan m VBA dn gin sau d xo
v goi hp thoai AdvanceFilter:
Sub ShoAdvancedFilterDialog()
oa cac ten
On Error Resume Next
With ActiveWorkbook
.Names("_FilterDatabase").Delete
.Names("Criteria").Delete
.Names("Extract").Delete
End With
On Error GoTo 0
Goi hop thoai
Application.Dialogs(xlDialogFilterAdvanced).Sho
End Sub
Nu ban khng s dung AdvanceFilter, th ban c th sa lai doan m trn nhu sau:
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Sub DeleteNames()
oa cac ten
On Error Resume Next
With ActiveWorkbook
.Names("_FilterDatabase").Delete
End With
End Sub
s dung th tuc ny ban copy th tuc trn v dua vo VBA module. Khi cn s
dung ban dng phm nng Alt F, sau d chon th tuc m ban mun chay v chon
Run.
Tm lai mt khi ban khng mun Excel tu dng ly vng loc truc d th ban s dung
cc th tuc trn.
Chc cc ban thnh cng. Hy vong bi vit trn s gip ch cc ban phn no trong
cng vic.
Moi gp xin gi cho ti theo dia ch email sau:
levanduyetyahoo.com
L Vn Duyt.
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