Do An Cung Cap Dien Trung Dung Full

N CUNG CP IN
GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH
LI M U
Ngy nay, trong xu th hi nhp qa trnh cng nghip ha hin i ha c pht

trin rt mnh m. Trong nhng nm gn y nc ta t c rt nhiu cc thnh tu
to ln, tin c bn a t nc bc vo thi k mi thi k cng nghip ha, hin
i ha. Trong qu trnh th ngnh in ng mt vai tr ht sc quan trng, l then
cht, l iu kin khng th thiu ca ngnh sn xut cng nghip. Ngoi s pht trin
mnh m ca nn kinh t, i sng x hi ca ngi dn cng c nng cao, nhu cu s
dng in ca cc ngnh cng nng nghip v dch v tng ln khng ngng theo tng
nm, nhu cu khng ch i hi v s lng m cn phi m bo cht lng in
nng. m bo cho nhu cu chng ta cn phi thit k mt h thng cung cp in
m bo cc yu cu k thut, an ton, tin cy v ph hp vi mc s dng. Do
n thit k h thng cung cp in l yu cu bt buc vi sinh vin ngnh h thng in.
n: Thit k h thng cung cp in cho mt chung c cao tng l mt bc
lm quen ca sinh vin ngnh h thng in v lnh vc thit k cung cp in v n l
mt ti mi v cn kh nhiu vn phc tp trong qu trnh thit k. Sau mt thi
gian lm n, di s hng dn ca thy Trn Quang Khnh, n nay, v c bn em
hon thnh ni dung n mn hc ny. Do thi gian c hn nn khng th trnh khi
nhng thiu st, em rt mong c s ch bo, gip ca cc thy c n ny c
hon thin hn. ng thi gip em nng cao trnh chuyn mn, p ng nhim v
cng tc sau ny.
Em xin chn thnh cm n thy gio TS.Trn Quang Khnh gip em hon
thnh n ny.
H Ni, thng 12 nm 2013
Sinh vin thc hin
V Trung Dng
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Mc Lc
LI M U ................................................................................................................................. 1
A. BI ....................................................................................................................................... 4
B.NHIM V THIT K .............................................................................................................. 7
CHNG 1 - TNH TON NHU CU PH TI ....................................................................... 7
1.1
L lun chung ............................................................................................................. 7
1.2
Ph ti sinh hot .......................................................................................................... 8
1.3
Ph ti ng lc ........................................................................................................ 12
1.4
Ph ti chiu sng ..................................................................................................... 13
1.5
Tng hp ph ti ....................................................................................................... 14
CHNG 2 - XC NH S CUNG CP IN ............................................................... 15
2.1. Chn v tr t trm bin p (TBA). ....................................................................................... 15
2.2. La chn cc phng n (so snh t nht 2 phng n) ..................................................... 16
2.2.1. Phng n A ............................................................................................................... 16
2.2.2. Phng n B................................................................................................................ 18
CHNG 3- CHN S LNG CNG SUT MY BIN P ................................................. 21
V CHN TIT DIN DY DN ................................................................................................ 21
3.1 Chn tit din dy dn ........................................................................................................... 21
3.1.1 La chn phng n i dy t im u in n trm bin p ................................. 21
3.1.2 Chn dy dn t trm bin p n t phn phi ......................................................... 22
3.1.3 chn s mch in ( so snh t nht 2 phng n) .................................................. 23
3.1.3.1 S mng in bn ngoi ....................................................................................... 23
3.1.4 Chn dy dn n cc tng ......................................................................................... 25
3.1.5 Chn dy dn cho mch in thang my .................................................................... 28
3.1.6 Chn dy dn cho mch in trm bm ...................................................................... 29
3.1.7 Chn dy dn cho mng in chiu sng ..................................................................... 29
3.2 Chn cng sut v s lng my bin p. ............................................................................. 32
3.2.1. Tnh ton P,Q ......................................................................................................... 32
3.2.2 So snh cc phng n ................................................................................................ 34
CHNG 4 - TNH TON NGN MCH CHO MNG IN .............................................. 38
4.1 Tnh ton ngn mch trong mng in h p ......................................................................... 38
4.2 Chn thit b cho trm bin p ............................................................................................... 41
4.2.1 Cu chy cao p .......................................................................................................... 41
4.2.2 Dao cch ly .................................................................................................................. 41
4.2.3 Chng st ..................................................................................................................... 42
4.3 Chn thit b ca t phn phi ................................................................................................ 42
4.3.1 Chn thanh ci ............................................................................................................. 42
4.3.2 Chn s cch in ........................................................................................................ 43
4.3.3 Chn cp in lc ........................................................................................................ 43
4.3.4 Chn aptomat v cu chy ........................................................................................... 43
4.3.5 Chn my bin dng .................................................................................................... 47
4.4 Kim tra ch khi ng ca ng c ......................................................................... 47
CHNG 5 - TNH TON CH MNG IN .................................................................. 49
5.1 Tn tht in p. ..................................................................................................................... 49
5.2 Tnh ton tn tht cng sut ................................................................................................... 49
5.3 Tnh ton tn tht in nng .................................................................................................. 50
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
CHNG 6 - THIT K MNG IN CA MT CN H ..................................................... 51

6.1 S b tr thit b gia dng................................................................................................... 51
6.2 Chn thit b ca mng in cn h. ....................................................................................... 51
CHNG 7 - TNH TON NI T .......................................................................................... 55
CHNG 8 - HCH TON CNG TRNH ................................................................................ 57
CHNG 9................................................................................................................................... 60
PHN TCH KINH T - TI CHNH ........................................................................................... 60
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
NI DUNG N
THIT K CUNG CP IN CHO MT CHUNG C CAO
TNG
A. BI
bi: Thit k cung cp in cho mt chung c vi cc d liu cho trong

bng dl.2, ly theo ch ci u ca h v tn ngi thit k.
ng vi ch ci u ca h c c d liu: s chung c (ct 2), s lng tng Ntng
(ct 3), cng sut thang my (ct 4) v cng sut cc my bm sinh hot (ct
5).
ng vi ch ci u tin ca tn m l d liu cng sut cc my bm khc: thot
nc, b bi v cu ha (ct 6 8) v phng n tnh ton cng sut tiu th trung
bnh ca loi cn h ng vi din tch tiu chun , (ct 9);
ng vi ch ci u tin ca tn l d liu v sut tng ph ti sinh hot trung bnh
hng nm a (ct 10), thi gian s dng cng sut cc i T (ct 11), khong cch
t cc im u in th nht L1 (ct 12) v im u in th 2 L2 (ct 13) n
tng ngoi ca ta nh, cc im u in kt ni vi h thng ca li trung p
22KV c cng sut ngun v cng ln (Sht ). in tr sut ca t p (ct 14)
v in tr ca h thng ni t t nhin Rtn (ct 15). Chiu cao trung bnh ca mi
tng l h = 3,8m. Thi gian mt in trung bnh trong nm tf = 24h; sut thit hi
do mt in i vi ph ti sinh hot l: gth.sh=2500 /kWh v i vi ph ti ng
lc gth.l=4500 /kWh; Sut vn u t trung bnh ca trm pht in diesel l 4,5
triu VN/KVA. Sut tiu th nhin liu trung bnh 0,42 lt/kWh, gi du diesel
gdiesel = 17 ngn ng/lt. Chu k thit k l 7 nm.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Chiu sng ngoi tri vi tng chiu di ly bng hai ln ri chu vi l ch.c ca ta
chung c (lcs = 2,5/lch.c), sut cng sut chiu sng l: P0cs2 = 30 W/m.
Cc thang my c h s tip in trung bnh l: = 0,6; h s cos tm=0,65. H s
cng sut trung bnh ca cc my bm ly bng cosb = 0,75. Ph ti sinh hot
tng theo hm tuyn tnh P1 = P0.[1 + a(t-t0)] vi sut tng trung bnh hng nm l
a. P0 l cng sut tnh ton nm hin ti t0. H s cng sut ca ph ti sinh hot l
cossh = 0,89. H s chit khu i = 0,1; gi thnh tn tht in nng: C = 1500
/kWh; gi mua in gm = 750 /kWh; gi bn in trung bnh gb = 1250 /kWh.
Cc phng n tnh ton ph ti cn h cho trong cc bng 2.1 2.7. cc s mt
bng chung c biu th trong cc hnh 2.1 2.8. Cc s liu khc ly trong ph lc
hoc s tay thit k cung cp in.
Bng dl2: S liu thit k cung cp in khu chung c cao tng.
S liu tra theo ch ci u H v tn: V Trung Dng.
H (V)
S
S
tng
Ntng
15
Cng
sut
thang
Tn m(Trung)
Cng sut trm bm, kW
Sinh hot
thot
my
3
cn
c.
bi
ha
T ngun
Loi
2x7,5 2x20+2x5,6 2x7,5 2x4,5 18
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
Tn(Dng)
TM,
h
L1
L2
10
11
12
Ni t
P
Rtn
.m
13
14
0,045 4600 0,57 0,58 129 231
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Ph ti cn h: Theo bng dl.2 tra theo Tn m ta c cn h loi 7.

Bng 2.7 S tnh ton ph ti cn h gia nh tiu chun (120 m2): Cn h loi 7.
Tt
Tn thit b
n s t
Pm W
60
t,h
Kmt
1,0
Tt
15
Tn thit
Pn,
in 1500
t, h
Kmt
0,3
1,0
siu tc
2
n ng
45
0,8
16
L vi sng
1500
0,7
0,6
n compact
30
14
0,8
17
L nng
1500
0,6
1,0
Qut bn
85
0,5
18
My
0,6
0,7
1,5
0,6
0,7
3,5
1,0
1,5
1,0
1,0
ht 650
bi
5
Qut trn
120
0,8
19
My git
Ti vi
120
0,8
20
My
450
ra 1200
bt a
7
Radio,
u 20
0,8
21
L si
0,8
22
Bnh
650
video
8
My vi tnh 125
lnh
bn
9
My tnh tay
n. 1800
25
0,8
23
Vi
sen 250
nng lnh
10
T lnh
230
14
0,8
24
Bn l
800
0,15 1,0
11
iu ha kk
2500
0,7
25
Chn m 300
1,0
in
12
My co ru
15
0,12 0,8
26
Wifi
15
24
0,8
13
My sy tc
1000
0,13 1,0
27
Survolteur
25
24
0,8
14
Ni cm in
750
28
Khc
0,5
0,65
0,6
cm)
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
( 250
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
B.NHIM V THIT K
CHNG 1 - TNH TON NHU CU PH TI
1.1 L lun chung

Ph ti ca cc khu chung c bao gm hai thnh phn c bn l ph ti sinh hot
(gm c chiu sng) v ph ti ng lc, trong t l ph ti sinh hot lun lun chim
t l ln hn so vi ph ti ng lc. Ph ti cn ph thuc vo mc ca cc trang b
cc thit b gia dng, ph ti ca cc cn h c phn thnh cc loi sau: loi c trang b
cao, loi trung bnh v loi thp. Ph ti sinh hot trong khu chung c c xc nh theo
biu thc sau:
N
Psh kcck t P0 ni k hi
i 1
Trong :
kcc h s tnh n ph ti chiu sng chung trong to nh (ly bng 5%, tc l
kcc=1,05);
kt h s ng thi, ph thuc vo s cn h, ly theo bng 1
P0 sut tiu th trung bnh ca mi cn h, xc nh theo [bng 10.pl], kW/h (ph
lc);
N s nhm cn h c cng din tch;
ni s lng cn h loi i (c din tch nh nhau);
khi h s hiu chnh i vi cn h loi i c din tch trn gi tr tiu chun F tc (tng
thm 1% cho mi m2 qu tiu chun): khi= 1+(Fi-Ftc).0,01
Fi din tch ca cn h loi i, m2;
Ph ti ng lc trong cc khu chung c bao gm ph ti ca cc thit b dch v
v v sinh k thut nh thang my, my bm nc, my qut thng thong v.v. Ph ti
tnh ton ca cc thit b ng lc ca khu chung c c xc nh theo biu thc sau:
Pl = knc.dl(tm. + Pvs.kt) ,
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Trong :
Pl cng sut tnh ton ca ph ti ng lc, kW;
knc.dl h s nhu cu ca ph ti ng lc, thng ly bng 0,9;
Ptm - cng sut tnh ton ca cc thang my;
Pvs.kt cng sut tnh ton ca cc thit b v sinh-k thut.
Cng sut tnh ton ca cc thang my Ptm , c xc nh theo biu thc:
nct
Ptm knc.tm Ptmi

1
Trong :
knc.tm h s nhu cu ca thang my, xc nh theo [bng 2.pl];
ct s lng thang my;
tmi cng sut ca thang my th i, kW.
Do thang my lm vic theo ch ngn hn lp li, nn cng sut ca chng cn
phi quy v ch lm vic di hn theo biu thc:
Ptm Pn.tm
Trong :
Pn.tm cng sut nh mc ca ng c thang my, kW;
- h s tip in ca thang my ( = 0,6, theo bi)
1.2 Ph ti sinh hot

Chung c gm 15 tng, mi tng gm 8 phng chia lm 2 loi: 4 phng din tch
59,85m2 v 4 phng 60,90m2.
Vi cn h tiu chun 120m2 ta c bng tnh ton s liu cc thit b:
H s s dng tng hp ca c nhm:
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
TT
1
2
Tn thit b
n si t
n ng
Pn,W
60
45
n
6
8
t,h
6
8
kmt
1
0,8
klv
0,250
0,333
ksd
0,250
0,267
P,W
360
360
ksd.P
90,000
96,000
n compact
30
14
0,8
0,292
0,233
420
98,000
Qut bn
85
0,8
0,292
0,233
255
59,500
Qut trn
120
0,8
0,333
0,267
480
128,000
iu ha kk
2500
0,7
0,208
0,146
5000
729,167
Ti vi
120
0,8
0,333
0,267
360
96,000
Radio, u
20
0,8
0,125
0,100
20
2,000
My vi tnh
125
0,8
0,250
0,200
125
25,000
10
my tnh tay
25
0,8
0,333
0.267
50
13,333
11
t lnh
230
14
0,8
0,583
0,467
230
107,333
12
My co ru
15
0,12
0,8
0,005
0,004
15
0,060
13
My sy tc
1000
0,13
0,005
0,005
1000
5,417
14
Ni cm in
750
0,6
0,083
0,050
750
37,500
15
m in siu tc
1500
0,3
0,013
0,013
1500
18,750
16
l vi sng
1500
0,7
0,6
0,013
0,008
1500
11,250
17
L nng
1500
0,6
0,025
0,025
1500
37,500
18
my ht bi
650
0,6
0,7
0,025
0,0175
650
11,375
19
My git
My ra bt a
L si
Bnh n.lnh
vi sen nng lnh
bn l
chn m in
Wifi
Survolteur
Khc( cm)
450
1200
650
1800
250
800
300
15
25
250
16015
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
12
75
1,5
1
3,5
1,5
1
0,15
3
24
24
0,5
0,6
0,7
1
1
1
1
1
0,8
0,8
0,65
0,0625
0,0375
450
16,875
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
0,041667 0,029167
0,146
0,146
0,0625
0,0625
0,041667 0,041667
0,00625 0,00625
0,125
0,125
1
0,8
1
0,8
0,020833 0,013542
1200
35,000
1300 189,583
1800
112,5
250
10,417
800
5,000
600
75,000
15
12,000
25
20,000
3000
40,625
24015 2083,185
= 0,087 < 0,2
Chn thit b c cng sut ln nht ca nhm l: Pmax = 2500 (W).

Tng cng sut ca nhm thit b ln l ( Pj >=Pmax/2 = 1250(W):
Pnj = 2500 + 1500 + 1500 + 1500 + 1800 = 8800
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
S lng cc thit b ln l: nj = 5.
Cc gi tr tng i:
=
= 0,066.
= 0,37.
=
S lng hiu dng l: nhd =
= 0,38
.n = 0,38.75 = 28,5.
H s nhu cu ca nhm l:
Knc = ksd +
= 0,087 +
= 0,26
Cng sut tnh ton ca nhm l:

Ptt = knc.
= 0,26.24015 = 6244(W) = 6,244 (kW)
Chu k thit k l 7 nm. Chn nm c s l nm thit k: t0 = 1.

Ph ti tng theo hm tuyn tnh vi sut tng trng trung bnh hng nm l a=4,5%.
Tnh ton cho nm th 7 ta c:
P07 = Ptt(1+a(t-t0)) = 6,244.(1+0,045(7-1)) = 7,93(kW)
Stt
P0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6,244
6,244
6,244
6,244
6,244
6,244
6,244
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
P0-i
0,045
0,045
0,045
0,045
0,045
0,045
0,045
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6244,00
10
6524,98
6805,96
7086,94
7367,92
7648,90
7929,88
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Ph ti sinh hot tng tng.

Ph ti sinh hot trong chung c c xc nh theo biu thc:
PshTi = kcc.ktTi.P07.
Trong : P07 sut tiu th trung bnh ca mi cn h, xc nh theo cn h tiu chun;

ni - s cn h c cng din tch;
Ta c:
Tng s cn h Nh=N.nh=15.(4 + 4) = 120 h;
ng vi s h Nh=120, h s kt tnh theo phng php ni suy ta c:
Kdt= 0,31 +
Xc nh ph ti sinh hot ca to nh chung c :
N
Psh= kcs.kdt.P0. ni .k hi = kcs.kdt.P0.(n1.kh1+n2.kh2+n3.kh3)

i 1
n1- s cn h c din tch 59,85 m2 l 15.4 = 60 h;

n2- s cn h c din tch 60,90 m2 l 15.4 = 60 h;
Trong kh1,kh2, ln lt l cc h s hiu chnh i vi cc cn h din tch trn 120 m2
tng thm 1% cho mi m2 i vi cn h dng bp in.
kcs - h s tnh n ph ti chiu sng chung trong ta nh (ly bng 5%, tc
kcs=1,05).
kh1=1 - (59,85-120).0.01= 1,6015;
kh2=1 - (60,90-120).0,01= 1,591;
Vy:
Psh=1,05.0,326. 6,244.(60.1,6015+ 60.1,591) = 409,4(kW);
Tnh ph ti ring cho mi tng.

Cng sut tnh ton ca mi tng c xc nh nh sau:
ng vi mi tng l 8 h nn ta c Kdt tnh theo phng php ni suy [bng 1.pl];
Kdt= 0,47 +
N
Ptang = kcs.kdt.P0. ni .k hi = 1,05.0,502.6,244(4.1,6015+4.1,591) = 39,38 kW

i 1
Ta c:
H s cng sut cossh = 0,89 (tg = 0,51)
Qtang = Ptang.tgsh = 39,38.0,51 = 20,08kVAr.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
11
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
1.3 Ph ti ng lc
Ph ti thang my:
Trc ht ta cn quy gi tr cng sut ca cc thang my v ch lm vic di hn
Thang my c cng sut :
Ptm1=Pn.tm1. =7,5. 0,6 =5,81 kW
H s knc.tm xc nh theo [bng 2.pl] ng vi 2 thang my nh 15 tng l knc.tm= 1.
Vy tm knc.tm. tmi =1.( 2x5,81)=11,62 kW
Ph ti tnh ton ca trm bm:

+Ph ti trm bm c coi l thuc nhm ph ti v sinh k thut.
+Ph ti trm bm c 9 my bm chia lm 4 nhm :
Ta ln lt tnh ph ti cho 4 nhm ny nh sau
Nhm 1: Cp nc sinh hot
H s nhu cu ca 4 my ly bng Phng php ni suy:
Knc1 = 0,8 +
Pbm1 = knc1. Pi.ni = 0,85.(2.20 + 2.5,6) = 43,52 kW
Nhm 2 : Thot nc
H s nhu cu ca 2 my ly bng 1; [bng 3.pl]
Pbm2 = knc2. Pi.ni = 1.2.7,5 = 15 kW
Nhm 3 : B bi
Pbm3 = knc3. Pi.ni = 1.2.4,5 = 9 kW
Nhm 2 : cu ha.
Pbm4 = knc4. Pi.ni = 1.1.18 = 18 kW
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
12
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Bng 1.2. Tng hp ph ti ng lc:
knc
S my x cng sut
Pbmi ,kW
0,85
2x20 + 2x5,6
43,52
Thot nc
2x7,5
15
B bi
2x4,5
Cu Ho
18
18
Nhm
Nc sinh hot
Tng
85,52
Tng hp 4 nhm ny ta c ph ti ca trm bm:

Vi 4 nhm my bm nn theo bng 3.pl ta c knc = 0,8
Pbm = knc.
bom
= 0,8.85,52 = 68,416 kW
Ta tng hp ph ti trm bm v thang my bng phng php s gia

V Pbm > tm v mng in ang xt l mng h p
Vy nn ph ti ng lc:
P
Pl = Pbm + tm
5
0, 04
0,41.Ptm = 68,416 +
11,62 0, 04
0,41.11,62
Pl = 75,67 kW.
1.4 Ph ti chiu sng
Ta c chu vi chung c s 1 l: 84m
Tng chiu di mch chiu sng ngoi tri(ly bng 2,5 ln chu vi ta nh)
Lcs2 = 2,5.84=210m
Cng sut chiu sng ngoi tri
Pcs2 = p0cs2.Lcs2 = 0,03.210 = 6,3 kW.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
13
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
1.5 Tng hp ph ti
Tng hp ph ti ph ti sinh hot v chiu sng bng phng php s gia:
Ta c Psh = 409,4 kW > Pcs2 = 6,3 kW
PCS 2 0, 04
Vy P1 =Psh&cs= Psh +
0,41.PCS 2 = 409,4+ [(
5
]. 6,3
P1 =Psh&cs = 413,18 kW
Cng sut tnh ton ca to nh chung c:

Pdl 0, 04
0,41.Pdll = 413,18 + [(
5
Ptt = P1 +
]. 75,67
Ptt =466,5 kw.

Cng sut v h s cng sut ca cc nhm ph ti cho trong bng 1.3 sau.
Bng 1.3. Cng sut v h s cng sut ca cc nhm ph ti
Nhm ph ti
Cng sut ,kW
H s cng sut
Thang my
11,62
0,65
Bm
68,416
0,75
Sinh hot
409,4
0,89
Chiu sng
6,3
1
H s cng sut ca my bm nc cng nghip,ca h gia nh c s dng bp gas ln

lt tra [bng 13.pl] v [bng 9.pl] , h s cng sut ca ph ti chiu sng ly bng 1.
H s cng sut ca nhm ph ti ng lc:
Pidl . cosidl =
cos dl =
= 0,74
idl
H s cng sut tng hp ca chung c:

Pi .cosi Psh .cos dl Pcs .coscs Pdl .cos dl
cos =
Psh Pcs Pdl
= 0,86
=
Vy cng sut biu kin l:
S=
Ptt
=
cos
Q = S 2 P2 =
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
= 542,44 kVA.
= 277 kVAr.
14
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
CHNG 2 - XC NH S CUNG CP IN
2.1. Chn v tr t trm bin p (TBA).
Nh bit, v tr ca trm bin p cn phi t ti trung tm ph ti, tuy nhin
khng phi bao gi cng c th t c iu , v l do v kin trc, thm m v iu
kin mi trng. tng xy ra cc trng hp phn nn v ting n ca my bin p
t bn trong ta nh. i vi cc ta nh nh, v tr ca cc trm bin p c th b tr
bn ngoi. i vi cc ton nh ln vi ph ti cao, vic t my bin p bn ngoi i
khi s gy tn km, bi vy ngi ta thng chn v tr t bn trong, thng tng mt,
cch ly vi cc h dn. Trm bin p cng c th t tng hm bn trong hoc bn
ngoi ta nh. Phng n t trm bin p tng hm gn y c p dng nhiu, tuy
nhin y cn c bit lu n h thng thng thong v iu kin lm mt ca trm.
Nhn chung, chn v tr lp t ti u cn phi gii bi ton kinh t - k thut, trong
cn phi xt n tt c cc yu t c lin quan.
Cho php t TBA trong khu nh chung c nhng phng phi c cch m tt v
phi m bo yu cu k thut theo tiu chun mc n cho php trong cng trnh cng
cng 20 TCN 175 1990. Trm phi c tng ngn chy cch li vi phng k st v phi
c li ra trc tip. Trong trm c th t my bin p (MBA) c h thng lm mt bt k.
Chn v tr t trm bin p l tng hm. V nhng l do sau:
+ Tit kim c mt din tch t nh.
+ Lm tng tnh an ton cung cp in i vi con ngi.
+ Trnh c cc yu t bt li ca thi tit gy ra.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
15
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
2.2. La chn cc phng n (so snh t nht 2 phng n)

2.2.1. Phng n A
a. S mng in bn ngoi:
S mng in ngoi tri c xy dng cp in n cc t phn phi u
vo ca ta nh. Trong t phn phi u vo ta nh c trang b cc thit b ng ct,
iu khin, bo v, o m. S mch in ca t phn phi ph thuc vo s cp
in ngoi tri, s tng ca ta nh, s hin din ca ca hng, vn phng, cng s, s
lng thit b ng lc v yu cu v tin cy cung cp in. Ph thuc vo nhng yu
t trn mi ta nh c th c mt, hai, ba hoc nhiu t phn phi.
cung cp in cho cc ta nh c cao l 15 tng c th p dng s hnh
tia.
La chn s cung cp in phi da vo 3 yu cu:
+ tin cy
+ An ton
+ Tnh kinh t
1
2
3
Hnh 2.2 S mng in bn ngoi.
1,2,3 - ng dy cung cp chnh.
4,5,6 - T phn phi vi c cu chuyn mch
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
16
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Trong s ny, mt trong cc ng dy, chng hn ng 1 c s dng

cp in cho cc cn h v chiu sng chung (chiu sng hnh lang, cu thang, chiu
sng bn ngoi) cn ng dy kia dng cung cp in cho cc thang my, thit b
cu ha, chiu sng s c v cc thit b khc Khi xy ra s c trn mt trong cc ng
dy cung cp, tt c cc h dng in s c chuyn sang mch ca ng dy lnh.
Nh vy cc ng dy cung cp in phi c la chn sao cho ph hp vi ch
lm vic khi xy ra s c. i vi ta nh 15 tng c nhiu n nguyn, cn tng thm s
ng dy cung cp ln ba, thm ch hn ba l. s ny ng dy th nht s ng
vai tr d phng cho ng dy th hai, v phn mnh, ng dy th hai - lm d phng
cho ng dy th ba v cui cng ng dy th ba lm d phng cho ng dy th
nht.
b. S mng in trong nh:
Vic xy dng mng in phn phi trong ta nh thng c thc hin vi cc
ng trc ng. u tin l la chn s lng v v tr lp t cc ng trc ng. S
trc ng cung cp in cn h qua tng.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
17
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Hnh 2.3 S mng in trong nh.

2.2.2. Phng n B.
a. S mng in bn ngoi:
S mng in ngoi tri c xy dng trn mt ng trc cung cp cho c
chung c, ng lc v chiu sng. S ny c u im hn s trn l tit kim c
chi ph dy dn nhng khi c s c th khng m bo cung cp in lin tc. V th ta
chn s mng in bn ngoi l phng n A.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
18
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
1
2
3
b. S mng in bn trong:
S tia (Cc tng c cung cp in bng cc tuyn c lp).
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
19
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Hnh 2.4 S mng in trong nh: S tia
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
20
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
CHNG 3- CHN S LNG CNG SUT MY BIN P

V CHN TIT DIN DY DN
3.1 Chn tit din dy dn

tng tin cy ca mng in s c b tr 2 ng dy h tr d phng
cho nhau c tnh ton mi ng dy c th mang ti an ton khi c s c mt
trong 2 ng dy m khng lm gim cht lng in trn u vo ca cc h tiu th;
Cc mch in sinh hot, chiu sng v thang my c xy dng c lp vi nhau.
Mch chiu sng c trang b h thng t ng ng ngt theo chng trnh xc nh.
3.1.1 La chn phng n i dy t im u in n trm bin p

+ Phng n: dng ngun cp l ng dy 22 kV u t im u in th nht L =
0,57Km.
D nh dng dy cp cch in giy hoc cht do, li nhm c = 32.m/mm2 .cho
trc mt gi tr x 0 0, 4 / km . Hao tn in p cho php l Ucp = 1,25%.
Vi L = 0,57km
Gi tr hao tn in p cho php:
Ux1% =
Q .x0 .L
. 100 =
U2
.100 = 0,013
Thnh phn hao tn in p tc dng l:

Ur1% = Ucp1% - Ux1% = 1,25 0,013= 1,237 %
Tit din dy dn ca ng dy cung cp cho trm bin p xc nh theo biu thc:
F1 =
P .L
=
.U r1%'.U 2
= 14 mm2
Theo iu kin v b c hc tit din ti thiu ca ng dy 22kV phi l 25 mm2

vy ta chn cp 25mm2 c r01 = 1,24 v x01=0,135 theo [bng 23.pl]
Hao tn in p thc t
U1% =
P .r01 Q .x01
.L.100
U2
.0,57.103.100 = 0,072% < 1,25%
Nh vy cp chn m bo yu cu v cht lng in p

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
21
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N CUNG CP IN
Tn tht in nng trn cc on ng dy theo phng n ny

2
Pch2 Qch
.r0 . .L.10 3
A1 =
2
U
Trong
- thi gian tn tht cng sut cc i.
=(0,124 + TM.10-4)2.8760 = (0,124 + 4600.10-4)2.8760=2987h.

Vy:
2
Pch2 Qch
.r0 . .L.10 3 =
A1 =
2
U
.1,24.0,57.103.2987,8.10-6
= 1284 kWh
Chi ph do tn tht l
CA = c.A1 =1500. 1284 = 1,926.106
Trong :
c - Gi thnh tn tht in nng. c = 1500/kWh
Sut vn u t ca cp cao p c tit din 25mm2 l v01 = 1321.106 /km (tra bng 33.pl)
H s tiu chun s dng vn u t:
i(1 i)Th
0,1(0,1 1) 25
a tc
0,11
(1 i)Th 1 (1 0,1) 25 1
Vi Th tui th cng trnh. Ly Th = 25 nm.
Tra bng 31.pl vi ng dy cao p kkh% = 2,5%
p a tc a kh 0,11 0,025 0,135

Chi ph quy i theo phng n 1 l
Z1 = p.v0.l + CA =0,135.1321.106.0,57+ 1,926.106 = 103,57. 106
Bng 3.1. Cc ch tiu kinh t ca phng n i dy cao p
Phng n
1
L,km
0,57
Vo.106
1321
A ,kWh
1284
C.106
1,926
Z.106
103,57
3.1.2 Chn dy dn t trm bin p n t phn phi

T phn phi trung tm ly ngun t trm bin p v my pht d phng thng qua
b chuyn i ngun t ng: my pht t khi ng khi ngun chnh t my bin p
mt v tt khi ngun chnh c tr li.
T phn phi trung tm cp ngun cho cc t phn phi trung gian cc tng. Thng
thng mt tuyn dy ngun cp cho bn nm tng. Ngoi ra n cn cung cp ngun cho
cc ph ti chnh nh my iu ha trung tm, thang my, h thng bm
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
22
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Tng t ti lng thang my tng 1 Vi chiu di t trm bin p n t phn phi l1 = 32

m, trong tng s hao tn in p cho php 4,5% ta phn b cho 3 on nh sau:
- T trm bin p n t phn phi tng. U cf 1 2%
- T t phn phi tng n t phn phi cc tng. U cf 2 1, 25%
- T t phn phi cc tng n cc h gia nh. U cf 3 1, 25%
D nh chn dy cp li ng c dn in 54m.mm2 /
S b chn x 0 0,1 / km , xc nh thnh phn hao tn in p phn khng
Q .x0 .l1
Ux1% =
.100 =
.100 = 0,61 %
U2
Thnh phn hao tn in p tc dng
Ur1% = Ucf1% - Ux1% = 2 0,61 = 1,39 %
Tit din dy dn ca ng dy cung cp cho t phn phi tng c xc nh theo biu
thc
P .l1.105
F1 =
=
= 137,7mm2
2
.U r1' .U
Vy ta chn cp ng(Cu) XLPE-150 mm2 c r0= 0,122 v x0= 0,059
Hao tn in p thc t
U1 =
.32.100 = 1,62 < 2%
l1.100 =
Nh vy cp chn m bo yu cu v cht lng in p

3.1.3 chn s mch in ( so snh t nht 2 phng n)
3.1.3.1 S mng in bn ngoi
Khi la chn s cung cp in cho chung c, cc ph ti thang my, chiu sng, s
c.vv c coi l ph ti loi 1 c tin cy cung cp in cao, bi vy s cung cp
in cho chung c nht thit phi c hai ngun in. Ta la chn s li toia c t ng
ng d phng t phn phi u vo.
Ta so snh 2 phng n chn ngun d phng: phng n th nht ly ngun d phng
ly t im u in th 2 , cch ta nh chung c 0,58 km v phng n 2 dng my
pht in diesel c cng sut nh mc cung cp cho h thng thang my v chiu
sng s c.
a) Phng n 1: dng ng dy d phng ly in t im u in 2:
Trc ht ta chn dy dn ca ng dy d phng theo mt dng in kinh t,
dng dy cp ng vi Jkt= 3,1 (A/mm2). Dng chy trn ng dy:
I=
= 14,24(A)
Tit din thanh dn:
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
23
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Ftt =
= 4,59 (mm2)
m bo mng in lm vic tin cy ta chn cp 22kV loi CBG 4x16 c sut in

tr r0 = 0,11(/km) v sut vn u t l v0 = 1397 ( triu VN/km) tng vng u
t ng cp d phng s l 1397.0,58 = 810,26 ( triu VN)
Tn tht in nng trn on cp trong khong thi gian mt in ( tf-24) l khng
ng k nn c th b qua.
Chi ph tnh ton theo phng n 1:
Z1 = p.V1 = 0,061.810,26 = 49,426 ( triu VN)
Vi p = atc + kkh = 0,031 + 0,03 = 0,061
atc =
= 0,031
b) phng n 2: s dng trm pht in Diesel:

Cng sut ca my pht in diesel c chn cung cp cho ti ng lc tr
ph ti ca trm bm b bi. Ta chn my c cng sut nh mc l Sdie = 50(kVA),
h s cos
= 0,8, c sut vn u t l bdi = 4,5 (tr.VN/kVA) chi ph nhin liu
trung bnh l 0,42 (lit/kWh).
Tng vn u t cho trm diesel l:
V2= v0die. Sdie = 4,5. 50 = 225(tr.VN)
Chi ph nhin liu trong thi gian mt in:
B = bdi.Adie = bdi.Sdie. cos
tf = 0,42.50.0,8.24= 403,2(lit)
Thit hi do mt in:
Y = gth.sh.Psh.tf + gth.dl.Ptm.tf = ( 2500.409,4.24+4500.11,62.24). 10-6 = 25,82( tr.VN)
Chi ph tnh ton:
Z2= p2.V2 + gdie.B+Y= 0,1.225+17.10-3+ 25,82 = 48,337( tr.VN)
c) kt lun
Phng n
Chi ph tnh ton Z(tr.VN)
1
103,57
2
48,337
So snh cc kt qu tnh ton, thy phng n 2 c tng chi ph tnh ton nh hn. Vy ta
chn phng n 2 dng trm pht in diesel.
- Chn cng sut my pht d phng
Cng sut my pht cung cp cho ti ng lc tr ph ti ca trm bm b bi.
Ta c: P = Pdl - Pbb = 75,67 2.4,5 = 66,67(kW)
cos
Smpdp = Ssc =
= 0,76
=
= 87,72 ( kVA)
Vy ta chn my pht 3 pha c cng sut l 100kW/150(kVA)

- H thng in 1 chiu
+ Ta s dng h thng acquy dng chiu sng s c.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
24
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
+ Cc bng n dng chiu sng s c c b tr dc theo cu thang thot him ca

chung c t tng 1 n tng 12.
+ H thng in mt chiu dng cho cc thit b in t dng in mt chiu trong phng
iu khin.
3.1.4 Chn dy dn n cc tng
C th thc hin theo 2 phng n: phng n 1 mi tng mt tuyn dy i c lp;
phng n 2 chn mt tuyn dy dc chung cho tt c cc tng.
a. Phng n 1:Mi tng mt tuyn dy i c lp.
Tnh ton cho tng cao nht l tng 15:
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
25
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Chiu di t t phn phi tng n t phn phi tng 15 l:

L2 = 3,8.15 = 57m
Cng sut phn khng ca tng tng: Q tng = 20,08 kVAr
Thnh phn ca hao tn in p:
Qtng .x0 .l 2
Ux2% =
.100 =
.100 = 0,079 %
U2
Thnh phn hao tn in p tc dng cho php l:
Ur2% =Ucp2- Ux2% = 1,25-0,079=1,171 %
Tit din dy dn t t phn phi tng n tng t phn phi ca mi tng l:
Ptng .l2 .105
F2 =
=
= 24,58 mm2
2
.U r 2 .U
Ta chn cp h p XLPE c tit din 35 mm2 c r01 = 0,52 v x01 =0,064 / km
Hao tn thc t:
U2 =
.l2.100 =
. 57.100
= 0,86% < 1,25%

Nh vy cp chn m bo yu cu v cht lng in p.
b. Phng n 2: Chn mt tuyn dy dc chung cho tt c cc tng
S ng dy ln cc tng
Coi ng dy ln cc tng c ph ti phn phi u.
Qsh .x0 .l 2
Ux2% =
.100
2.U 2
sh
Trong Q - tng cng sut phn khng tnh ton ca ph ti sinh hot
Qsh = Psh. tgsh = 409,4.0,51=208,794 kVAr;
Qsh .x0 .l 2
Vy:
Ux2% =
.100 =
.100 = 0,41%
2.U 2
Ur2% =Ucp2- Ux2% = 1,25-0,41=0,84%
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
26
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Tit din dy dn c xc nh theo biu thc:

l
Psh . 2 .105
2
F2 =
=
.U r 2 .U 2
= 178mm2
Ta chn cp h p XLPE-185 c tit din 185 mm2 c r01 = 0,11 v x01 =0,06 / km .
Hao tn in p thc t:
U2 =
.57.100 = 1,14% < 1,25%
Vy cp chn l tho mn.
c. So snh 2 phng n:
- Phng n 1.
Tng chiu di ca tt c cc nhnh dy ln tng l:
l1 = 3,8.(1+2+3+..+15) = 456 m
Tn tht in nng trn cc on ng dy theo phng n :
A1=
2
2
Ptan
g Q tan g
U2
39 ,38 2 20 ,08 2
.r0. l1. 10 =
.0,52.456.2987.10-6
2
0,38
-3
= 9584,26 kWh
Chi ph do tn tht l:
CA = c.A1 =1500.9584,26 = 14,376.106
Trong :
c - Gi thnh tn tht in nng. c = 1500/kWh
Sut vn u t ca cp XLPE-35 l v01 = 725.106 /km (tra bng 32.pl)
H s tiu chun s dng vn u t:
i(1 i)Th
0,1(0,1 1) 25
a tc
0,11
(1 i)Th 1 (1 0,1) 25 1
Vi Th tui th cng trnh. Ly Th = 25 nm.
Tra bng 31.pl vi ng dy h p kkh% = 3,6%
p a tc a kh 0,11 0,036 0,146

Chi ph quy i theo phng n 1 l:
Z1 = p.v01.l1 + CA =0,146.725.106.0,456 + 14,376.106 = 62,644.106
- Phng n 2:
Tn tht in nng:
A2=
P2 Q2
.r0.l2. 10-6=
2.U 2
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
.0,11.57.2987.10-6= 13696,39kWh
27
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Chi ph tn tht l:
CA = c.A2 =1500. 13696,39= 20,55.106
Sut vn u t ca cp XLPE-185 l v02 = 2174 .106 /km (tra bng 32.pl)
Chi ph quy i theo phng n 2 l:
Z2 = p.v02.l2 + CA =0,146.2174.106 .0,057 + 20,55.106 =38,64.106
Bng 3.2. Cc ch tiu kinh t ca 2 phng n i dy n cc tng

Phng n
1
2
L,m
456
57
Vo.106
725
2174
A ,kWh
9584,26
13696,39
C.106
14,376
20,55
Z.106
62,644
38,64
So snh kt qu tnh ton ta thy v k thut c 2 phng n u m bo yu cu v cht

lng in, v kinh t: tng chi ph quy i ca phng n 2 nh hn phng n 1
dy dn c chn theo phng n 2
3.1.5 Chn dy dn cho mch in thang my
- Vi thang my c cng sut (P =7,5 kW)

T phn phi chnh lng thang my nn Chiu di n thang my l l3 = 5m, ta c h
s costm 0,65 .
Tng s hao tn in p cho php Ucp% = 1,25%
Cng sut phn khng ca thang my l
Qtm= Ptm.tg = 7,5. .1,17 = 6,8 kVAr
Xc nh thnh phn hao tn in p phn khng
Ux3%=
.100 =
.100% = 0,022%

Ur3% =Ucp3- Ux3% = 1,25-0,022 =1,228%
Ux3%=
= 2,79mm2
Ta chn cp h p XLPE-4 c tit din 4 mm2 c r032 = 4,85 v x032 =0,09 / km

Hao tn in p thc t:
.46.100=0,92< 1,25 %
Cp ta chn l tha mn iu kin hao tn in p
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
28
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N CUNG CP IN
Vi tng s thang my l 2x7,5 ta b tr 2 thang my c cng sut 7,5 vi chiu di dy

l 5m.
3.1.6 Chn dy dn cho mch in trm bm
Chiu di t t phn phi tng n trm bm l l4 = 50m
Xc nh thnh phn hao tn in p phn khng
Q . X .l
Ux4%= bom 2 0 4 .100
U
Trong : Qbom= Pbom.tg = 68,416.0,88 = 60,2 kVAr
Vy:
Ux4%=
.100 =
100 = 0,2%

Ur4% =Ucp4- Ux4% = 1,25-0,2 = 1,05 %
Fbm =
= 42 mm2
Ta chn cp h p XLPE-50 c tit din 50 mm2 c r04 = 0,4 v x04 =0,06 / km

Hao tn in p thc t:
.50.100=1,07< 1,25%
Cp ta chn l tha mn iu kin hao tn in p.

3.1.7 Chn dy dn cho mng in chiu sng
- Mng in chiu sng ngoi tri.

Do theo u bi ra tng chiu di mng in chiu sng ngoi tri bng 2,5 ln
chu vi ta nh do ta c:
lcsngoai =2,5.84= 210m
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
29
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
L OA= 30 M
L AB= 120 M
L AC= 60 M
Hnh 3.1 S chiu sng ngoi tri

Mng chiu sng ngoi tri c b tr nh hnh v trn;chiu di on OA=30
m,on AB c lA-B=120 m v on AC c lA-C = 60m.Sut ph ti trn mt n v
chiu di l Po=0,03kW/m,hao tn in p cho php l Ucp=2,5% .Cc on dy
trn ng trc t ngun O n B c xy dng vi 4 dy dn,cc r nhnh AC
thuc loi 2 pha c dy trung tnh.
Cng sut tnh ton chy trn on dy l:
PAB=Po*lA-B=0,03.120=3,6 kW
PAC=Po*lA-C=0,03.60= 1,8 kW
POA=PAB+PAC=3,6+1,8=5,4 kW
M men ti ca on dy:
M O A PO A . O A 5,4.30 162 kWm
M AB PAB .
AB
120
3,6.
216 kWm
2
2
M AC PAC .
AC
60
1,8. 54 kWm
2
2
Tra bng 26.pl ta c C=83 v tra bng 27.pl ta c =1,39.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
30
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Xc nh mmen quy i:
Mqd=MO-A+(MA-B+MA-C)=162+1,39( 216+54)=537,3 kWm
Tit din dy dn trn on u:
FO-A =
M qd
c.U cp
537 ,3
2
5,8 mm
37 .2,5
Ta chn dy cp ng loi PVC-10 c ro=1,84/km v xo=0,073/km

Hao tn in p thc t trn on OA:
U OA
M qd
C.F oA
537,3
0,65 % < 2,5%
83.10
Hao tn in p trn cc on cn li:

UAB =UAC =Ucp -U0A =2,5-0,65=1,85%
Tit din dy dn trn cc on AB v AC l:
M AB
216
=
= 2,33 mm2
C.U A B
37 .2,5
FAB =
Trong C=37 theo bng 26.pl

Vy ta chn cp PVC-6 c ro=5,55 /km v xo=0,32 /km
M AC
54
=
= 0,83 mm2
C.F AC
37 .1,74
FAC =
Ta chn cp PVC-4 c ro=8,35 /km v xo=0,33 /km

Hao tn thc t trn on AB v AC l:
U AB
M AB
216
0,97 %< 1,74 %

C.F AB 37 .6
U AC
M Ac
54
0,36 %< 1,74 %

C.F AC 37 .4
Tng hao tn thc t trong mch chiu sng ngoi tri l:

Ucs= U0A+UAC= 0,65+0,36=1,01%<2,5%
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
31
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Vy dy dn chn p ng yu cu
3.2 Chn cng sut v s lng my bin p.

3.2.1. Tnh ton P,Q
Vic la chn my bin p phi m bo cc yu cu cung cp in lin tc, cht
lng v an ton. Cc trm bin p cung cp in cho ph ti loi 1 v loi 2 nn dng
khng t hn 2 my. Khi ph ti loi 1 b hn 50% tng cng sut khu vc th t nht
mi mt my phi c dung lng bng 50% cng sut ca khu vc . Khi ph ti loi 1
ln hn 50 % tng cng sut th mi my bin p phi c dung lng bng 100% cng
sut ca khu vc . ch lm vic bnh thng, c hai my bin p lm vic, cn
trong trng hp s c mt my th ta s chuyn ton b ph ti v my khng s c.
Ph ti ca chung c cao tng c coi l loi II, sut thit hi do mt in l gthl =
4500/kWh; gthsh=2500/kWh
Tng cng sut tnh ton ca ton chung c c k n tn tht l:
Tnh ton P , Q
Stt S S (P P ) j(Q Q )
Hao tn cng sut trn ng dy t trm bin p n t phn phi tng l:
P2 Q2
.r0 .l1.106
2
U
2
P Q2
Q1
.x 0 .l1.106
2
U
P1
Hao tn cng sut trn on dy n cc tng
Psh2 Qsh2
P2
.r0 .l2 .106
2
U
2
Psh Qsh2
Q2
.x 0 .l2 .106
2
U
Hao tn cng sut trn mch in thang my
+ Tn hao cng sut ca ng dy cung cp in cho thang my 16 kW:
Ptm2 Qtm2
P1 P31
.r0 .l31.10 6
2
U
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
32
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
2
Ptm
Q2tm
Q1 Q31
.x 0 .l31.106
2
U
+ Tn hao cng sut ca ng dy cung cp in cho thang my 7,5 kW: (V 2 thang

my cng chn chiu di dy l 5m v thit din dy dn nh nhau nn tn tht 2 thang
my nh nhau)
2
Ptm
Q2tm
.r0 .l32 .106
2
U
2
Ptm Q2tm
Q 2 Q32
.x 0 .l32 .106
2
U
P 2 2.P32 2.
Hao tn cng sut trn mch in trm bm

2
Pbom
Q2bom
P4
.r0 .l4 .106
2
U
2
2
Pbom Qbom
Q4
.x 0 .l4 .106
2
U
Hao tn cng sut trn mng in chiu sng

- Mch trong nh (V cos 1 nn khng c cng sut phn khng)
Pcs2
P5 2 .r0 .l5 .106
U
Pcs2
Q5 2 .x 0 .l5 .106
U
-
Mch ngoi tri
2
2
2
P0A
PAC
PAB
6
6
P6 P0A PAB PAC 2 .r0A .l0A10
.r .l 10
.r .l 106
2 AC AC
2 AB AB
U
2.U
2.U
2
2
2
Q0A
QAC
QAB
6
6
Q6 Q0A QAB QAC 2 .x 0A .l0A10
.x AC .lAC10
.x AB .lAB106
2
2
U
2.U
2.U
- Tn tht in nng:
P2 Q2
A
.r0 .l. .10 6
2
U
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
33
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
STT
on
l,m
P,Kw
Q,kVAr
R0 /km
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ng trc
ln tng
thang my
trm bm
Chiu sng trong
chiu sng ngoi OA
AB
AC
Tng
32
57
2x5
50
0
30
120
60
466,5
409,4
5,81
68,416
0
5,40
3,6
1,8
277
208,794
6,8
60,2
0
0
0
0
0,122
0,11
4,85
0,4
0
1,84
5,55
8,35
X0 /km
0,059
0,06
0,09
0,06
0
0,073
0,32
0,33
7,958
9,171
0,247
1,150
0
0,011
0,060
0,011
18,608
3,849
5,002
0,002
0,173
0
0,000
0,003
0,000
9,030
22018,426
25373,408
341,963
3182,506
0
30,842
165,383
31,102
51143,629
Bng 3.3. Kt qu tnh ton tn tht trong mng in
T bng ta c
Stt = S + S = P + P + j( Q+ Q)
= (466,5+ 18,608) + j( 277 + 9,030).
= 485,108+ 286,03j kVA.
Sttmba =
= 563 kVA
Cn c vo kt qu tnh ton ph ti ta chn cng sut v s lng my bin p 22/0,4

kV theo 2 phng n sau:
- Phng n 1. dng 2 my 2x400 kVA;
- Phng n 2 dng 1 my 800 kVA;
3.2.2 So snh cc phng n

Bng 3.4. Cc tham s ca hai loi my bin p
SBA, kVA
2x400
800
P0 , kW
0,84
1,4
PK , kW
5,75
10,5
Un %
4
5
I0 %
6
5
Di gc k thut cc phng n ngang nhau v tin cy cung cp in: i vi

phng n 1, khi c s c 1 trong 2 my bin p my cn li s phi gnh 1 phn ph
ti, cn phng n 2 s phi ngng cung cp in cho cc h tiu th khi c s c trong
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
34
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
my bin p. m bo s tng ng v k thut ca cc phng n cn phi xt n

thnh phn thit hi do mt in khi c s c xy ra 1 trong cc my bin p
- Phng n 1: Dng 2 my bin p 2x400 kVA.
Trc ht cn kim tra kh nng lm vic qu ti ca my bin p
H s in kn th c th xc nh theo biu thc
TM
P
Kdk = tb =
=
= 0,53
PM 8760
Nh vy my bin p c kh nng chu c qu ti 40% cng sut inh mc ca MBA
trong thi gian xy ra s c.
Tng hp ph chung c:
Trc ht xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca ton chung c qua cc nm theo biu thc:
Si
Pi
cos
N
n .k
Trong : Pi Pish Pdl Pcs (p0i .k cc .k dt .
i 1
hi
) Pdl Pcs
Tnh ton cho nm th nht. t=1;

P1 = 6,244.0,326.1,05.(60.1,6015+60.1,591)+ 75,67+6,3 = 491,4 kW
S1 =
= 571,4 kVA
m bo my bin p khng qu ti 40% so vi gi tr nh mc khi c s c 1 trong

2 my bin p cn phi ct bt 1 lng cng sut l:
Sth1 = S1 -1,4.SBA = 571,4 -1,4.400 = 11,4 KVA
Thit hi do mt in:
Y1 = Sth1.cos.tf.gth = 11,4.0,86.24.7000 = 1,647.106
tf =24h thi gian mt in trung bnh trong nm
Xc nh tn tht in nng trong cc my bin p:
AI-1 = n BA. P0.t +
Pk
S
. .( 1 )2 = 2.0,84.8760+
S BA
2
.2987.(
)2 =
AI-1 = 32240,8 kWh

Chi ph tn tht nm th nht:
C1 =c.AI-1 = 1500. 32240,8 = 48,361.106/nm
Tng chi ph nm th nht:
C 1 = Y1 + C1 = 1,647.106 + 48,361.106 =50.106
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
35
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Gi tr tng chi ph quy v hin ti PVC c xc nh theo biu thc:

T
PVC Ct .t min
t 0
vi
1
1
0,91;
1 i 1 0,1
C 1 . 1 = 50.106 .0,91= 45,5.106
Tnh ton tng t cho cc nm v cc phng n, kt qu ghi trong bng 3.5
tt
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Sj
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Y.106
Sth
0
571,37
592,72
614,22
635,64
657,06
678,49
699,91
tt
Bng 3.5. Kt qu tnh ton cc ch tiu so snh ca cc phng n

Phng n 1. Dng 2 my bin p 2x400 kVA
11,37
32,72
54,22
75,64
97,06
118,49
139,91
0
32238,858
33572,653
34965,419
36402,605
37889,061
39424,787
41009,783
255503,17
0
1,432
4,122
6,831
9,531
12,230
14,929
17,629
66,705
C.106
C..106
48,358
50,359
52,448
54,604
56,834
59,137
61,515
383,255
49,791
54,481
59,279
64,135
69,064
74,067
79,144
449,960
1
0,91
0,83
0,77
0,71
0,67
0,63
0,59
5,11
Pi
45,264
45,401
45,600
45,810
46,042
46,292
46,555
320,964
491,38
509,74
528,23
546,65
565,08
583,50
601,92
C..10^6
Pi
109,803
103,655
98,499
94,095
90,300
87,001
84,109
667,462
491,38
509,74
528,23
546,65
565,08
583,50
601,92
6,244
6,524
6,806
7,087
7,368
7,649
7,93
Phng n 2. Dng 1 my bin p 800 kVA
Sj
0
571,37
592,72
614,22
635,64
657,06
678,49
699,91
Y.106
Sth
571,37
592,72
614,22
635,64
657,06
678,49
699,91
0
32527,2
33136,107
33771,935
34428,042
35106,641
35807,733
36531,318
241308,98
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
0
71,992
74,682
77,391
80,091
82,790
85,489
88,189
560,625
C.10^6
48,791
49,704
50,658
51,642
52,660
53,712
54,797
361,963
120,783
124,386
128,049
131,733
135,450
139,201
142,986
922,588
36
1
0,91
0,83
0,77
0,71
0,67
0,63
0,59
5,11
6,244
6,524
6,806
7,087
7,368
7,649
7,93
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Bng 3.6. Kt qu tng hp ca cc phng n chn my bin p

Tham s
Vn u t V, 106
A , kWh
Thit hi Y, 106
PVC, 106
Phng n 1
Phng n 2
255503,17
66,705
320,964
241308,98
560,625
677,462
T kt qu tnh ton bng trn, ta thy phng n 1 c PVC nh nht, nn chnh l

phng n ti u cn xc nh. Tm li ta chn trm bin p gm 2 my 400 kVA loi.
Bng 3.7. Cc thng s ca MBA 400 kVA
SBA, kVA
400
in p
22/0,4
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
P0, kW
0,84
Pk, kW
5,75
37
Uk %
4
I0 %
6
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
CHNG 4 - TNH TON NGN MCH CHO MNG IN
4.1 Tnh ton ngn mch trong mng in h p

Ta c s tnh ton ngn mch :
N1
MBA
L1
HT
L2
N2
N3
H thng c cng sut v cng ln nn :

B qua in tr ca cc thit b ph.
Chiu di t trm bin p n t phn phi tng : l1 = 32 m
Chiu di t t phn phi tng n t phn phi tng 15 l :
l2 = 15.3,8=57 m
Vy ta c s thay th ngn mch nh sau :
X BA
RBA
X D1
RD1
X D2
RD2
EHT
Z K1
Z K2
N1
EHT
Z K3
N2
EHT
N3
EHT
Chn in p c bn :
Vy ta c thong s ca cc phn t :
XBA =
U k .U cb2
=
100S BA
= 0,014
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
38
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
RBA =
Pk .U cb2
=
2
S BA
= 0,005
ZBA= RB2 X B2 =
= 0,015
Rd1 = r01.l1 = 0,122.0,032 = 0,0039
Xd1= x01.l1 = 0,059.0,032 = 0,002
Rd2= r02.l2 = 0,11.0,057 = 0,0063
Xd2 = x02.l2 = 0,06.0,057 = 0,0034
-Xt ti im ngn mch N1:
in tr ngn mch ti im N1 :
Z BA
=
= 0,0075
2
Dng ngn mch 3 pha ti im N1 :
Zk1 =
I k31
U cb
= 29,25 kA
3.Z k1
Dng xung kch :
ixk1 2.k xk .I k31 =
= 49,64 kA
Trong kxk= 1,2 theo bng 7.pl.BT
Tr hiu dng dng xung kch :
I xk1 q xk .I k31 =1,09.29,25 = 31,88 kA

Cng sut ngn mch :
Sk1 = Ucb.Ik1 = .0,38.29,25 = 19,25 MVA
in tr ngn mch ti im N2 :
2
RBA
X
Rd1 BA X d1 =(
Zk2 =
2
2
) =
Zk2 = 0,011
I k32
U cb
3.Z k 2
= 19,845kA
Dng xung kch :
ixk2 2.k xk .I k32 = .1,2.19,845= 33,678kA

I xk 2 q xk .I k32 =1,09.19,845= 21,631kA
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
39
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Cng sut ngn mch :

Sk2 = Ucb.Ik2 = .0,38.19,845=13,06 MVA.
in tr ngn mch ti im N3:
2
RBA
X
Rd1 Rd 2 BA X d1 X d 2 =
Zk3=
2
2
=(
Zk3 = 0,07
Dng ngn mch 3 pha ti im N1 :
I k33
U cb
3.Z k 3
= 3,13 kA
Dng xung kch :
ixk3 2.k xk .I k33 = .1,2.3,13 = 5,3kA

I xk3 q xk .I k33 =1,09.3,13 = 3,4kA

Cng sut ngn mch :
Sk3 = Ucb.Ik3 = .0,38.3,13 = 2,06 MVA
Bng 4.1. Kt qu tnh ton ngn mch cho cc im ngn mch
im
Zki
I ki( 3 ) kA
i xki kA
I xki kA
S ki MVA
kxk
qxk
N1
0,0075
29,25
49,64
31,88
19,25
1,2
1,09
N2
0,011
19,875
33,678
21,63
13,06
1,2
1,09
N3
0,07
3,13
5,3
3,4
2,06
1,2
1,09
NM
Tnh ton ngn mch 1 pha ti im N3 :

in tr dy trung tnh ly bng in tr dy pha.
-in tr th t khng ca MBA :
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
40
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
X0BA =0,65.
U cb2
=0,65.
S BA
= 0,235
-Tng tr ngn mch mt pha :

+Ti N1 :
Z (11) (3RBA / 2) 2 ((2 X BA X 0 BA ) / 2) 2
Z =
= 0,132
(3RBA / 2 6( Rd1 Rd 2 ))2 ((2 X BA X OBA ) / 2 7( X d 1 X d 2 ))2
= 0,183
Vy dng ngn mch 1 pha ti im N1 v N3:
I k(11) =
3U f
Z 1
= 3,6 kA
I k(13) = 3.0,95U f =
Z
=3,426 kA
4.2 Chn thit b cho trm bin p

Ta chn thi gian ct ca ca bo v l :
4.2.1
u ch y cao p
-Dng lm vic bnh thng pha cao p :
Ilv =
=
= 14,235 A
3U
Ta chn cu chy loi
do Lin Bang Nga ch to c Un = 22 kV, dng nh mc In
= 20A; [theo bng 30.b.pl] Thng s k thut ca cu chy cao p do Lin Bang Nga
ch to.
4.2.2 ao cch y
Cn c vo dng in lm vic ta chn dao cch ly PBP III-24/8000 [bng 26.pl Sch
Bi tp cung cp in]
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
41
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
4.2.3 hng st
Chn chng st van loi PBC-22T1 do Nga sn xut [bng 35.pl.a - Sch Bi tp cung
cp in]
4.3 Chn thit b c
t ph n ph i
4.3.1 hn thanh ci
Dng lm vic chy qua thanh ci :
I =
S
3U
= 824 A
Tit din thanh ci (xt thanh ci bng ng):

Ftc =
I
=
j kt
= 392 mm2
Trong jkt = 2,1.

Vy chn thanh ci 80x8 mm2
Thanh ci c kim tra iu kin n nh nhit theo iu kin :
Fmin.tc =
I k(13) . t k
=
Ct
103 = 121mm2 < Ftc =200 mm2
Trong Ct =171 h s ca vt liu tra bng 25.pl

Thanh ci t yu cu v n nh nhit.
Kim tra n nh ng :
Chn khong vt ca thanh ci l : l = 120 cm, khong cch gia cc pha l : a = 60 cm
-Mmen un :
l 2 .i xk2 1
M=1,76.10 .
= 1,76.10-8.
10 a
-8
= 1040,8 kG.cm
-Mmen chng un:

W= 0,187b2h = 0,187.0,52.6 = 0,25 cm3
-ng sut :
u = M =
= 723,2 kG/cm2 < cF =1400 kG/cm2
W
Vy iu kin n nh ng m bo.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
42
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
4.3.2 hn s cch in
Ta chn s 0-35-750 c U = 35kV; lc ph hy Fph = 750 kG
Lc cho php trn u s l Fcp = 0,6.Fph = 0,6.750 = 450 kG
-Lc tnh ton :
.i xk2 1
Ftt = 1,76.10 .l.
= 1,76.10-8.120.
a
-8
= 86,74kG
-H s hiu chnh :
-Lc tnh ton hiu chnh :

Ftt = kFtt = 1,17.86,74= 101,5 < FcF =450 kG
Vy s chn m bo iu kin.
4.3.3 hn cp in c
Cp c chn phn trn.
+ Vi cp chy t trm bin p n t phn phi tng c tit din cp 150
+ Cp chy trc ng ln t phn phi cc tng c tit din cp 185
* Kim tra iu kin n nh nhit :
Fmin1 =
I k( 32) . t k
Ct
103 = 82mm2 < Fc = 150 mm2
Ct =171 l h s ca vt liu
Vy cp chy t trm bin p n t phn phi m bo iu kin n nh nhit.
Fmin2 =
I k( 33) . t k
Ct
103 = 12,94 mm2 < Fc = 185 mm2
Vy cp chy t t phn phi ln cc tng m bo iu kin n nh nhit.
4.3.4 hn aptomat v c u ch y
D nh s dng cc aptomat bo v nh sau :
-
Aptomat A0 bo v l tng
Aptomat A1 bo v mch in sinh hot
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
43
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Aptomat A2 bo v mch in ng lc
Aptomat A3 bo v trm bm
Aptomat A4 bo v cho mch gm 2 thang my cng sut nh
Aptomat A5 bo v cho mch in mi tng
Aptomat A6 bo v cho mi mch in chiu sng
a. Chn Aptomat A0
Ta c : I = 824 A
Vy ta chn aptomat loi ABM15C ca Nga ch to vi dng in nh mc l
1000A[bng 20.pl]
b. Chn Aptomat A1
Dng lm vic ln nht ca mng in sinh hot :
Ish =
Psh
cos . 3.U
= 699 A
Chn aptomat loi ABM10CB ca Nga vi dng nh mc l 750 A
c. Chn Aptomat A2
Thang my cng sut 7,5 kW
-
Dng nh mc ca thang my nh :
Ptm
Itm2 =
-
3.U . cos tm
= 17,53 A
Dng nh mc quy v ch di hn
Itm2 =
Ptm
3.U . cos tm
= 13,58 A
My bm:
- Bm cp nc sinh hot
Icn1 =
Icn2 =
-
Pb
3.U . cos b
Pb
3.U . cos b
=
=
= 40,5A.
= 11,344A.
B bi
Ibb =
Pb
3.U . cos b
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
= 9,12 A
44
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Cu ha
Ich =
Pb
3.U . cos b
= 36,46 A.
Dng khi ng ca aptmat c xc nh theo biu thc

I mm.Max n 1
Ik =
+ I ni
Trong dng m my ca ng c ln nht

ImmMax = kmm.In.Max = 4,5.40,5 = 182,25 A
=2 (lm vic ngn hn,bng 12.pl.BT);

Vy:
Ik =
=
I mmMax n 1
I ni
+ (2.17,53+2.40,5 + 2.11,344+2.9,12 + 36,46)
Ik = 193,448 kA
-Dng khi ng ct nhanh ca Aptomat :
Ik.cn 1,25Imm = 1,25. 193,448 =241,81 A
Chn aptomat loi A3143 ca Nga vi dng nh mc l 400 A
d. Chn Aptomat A3
-Dng m my ca ng c bm c cng sut ln nht:
Immb = kmm.Ib.max= 4,5.40,5 = 182,25 A.
Ta c: Ib =
Pb
=
3.U . cos
= 138,6A.
-Dng khi ng ca Aptomat A3:

Ik =
-
+ Ib =
+ 138,6= 229,725 A.
Dng khi ng ct nhanh ca Aptomat :
Ik.cn 1,25Immb = 1,25.182,25 = 227,8A.

Vy ta chn aptomat loi A3143 ca Nga vi dng nh mc l 400 A
e. Chn Aptomat A4
-Dng in m my ca thang my:
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
45
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Immtm1 = kmm.Itm1 = 4,5.17,53 = 78,885 A.

-Dng khi ng ca Aptomat A4 :
Ik
+3Itm1 =
+ 17,53 = 92,03 A.
-Dng khi ng ct nhanh ca Aptomat :

Ik.cn 1,25Immtm1 = 1,25.78,885 = 98,6 A.
Vy chn Aptomat loi EA103G vi dng nh mc 100A
f. Chn Aptomat A5
Dng lm vic ln nht ca 1 tng:
Itng max =
= 62,325A.
Vy chn Aptomat loi EA103G vi dng nh mc 100 A.
g. Chn Aptomat A
Xt cho chiu sng ngoi:
-Dng lm vic ln nht :
Ik Icsn =
=9,57 A.
Vy chn Aptomat loi EA52G vi dng nh mc 15 A

n gin ta cng chn Aptomat bo v cho mch chiu sng trong nh cng loi vi
mch chiu sng ngoi tri. Chn khi ng t cho thang my, trm bm theo dng in
lm vic tng t nh i vi aptpmat. Ta c bng sau:
Bng 4.2. Bng kt qu chn thit b bo v
Mch bo v
K hiu
S lng
Loi Aptomat
Dng nh mc
L tng
A0
ABM15C
1000A
Mng sinh hot
A1
ABM10CB
750A
Mng ng lc
A2
A3143
400A
H thng bm
A3
A3143
400A
Thang my
A4
EA103G
100A
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
46
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Nhnh ln 1 tng
A5
15
EA103G
100A
Chiu sng
A6
EA52G
15A
ME -511
80
ME -311
20
Khi ng t cho bm b bi
20
Khi ng t cho cu ha
ME -311
ME -511
Khi ng t cho thang my

Khi ng t cho bm cp
nc sinh hot cng sut nh
50
4.3.5 hn my bin d ng
Bin dng cng t tng :
Ta c: I = 824A
Vy ta chn my bin dng loi TBJIM-10[bng 27.plBT] c dng in nh mc s cp
l 1000 A, in p nh mc l 10kV v h s bin dng
ki
1000
= 200 , cp chnh xc 0,5A
5
Cng sut nh mc pha nh th l 5 A

-Dng in ph ti nh nht :
Imin = 0,25.I = 0,25.824= 206 A
-Dng nh th khi ph ti cc tiu :
I1min =
= 1,03 A > 0,5 A
Vy my bin dng lm vic bnh thng khi ph ti cc tiu
4.4 Kim tra ch
h i ng c a ng c
Kim tra nh hng ca ch lm vic ca thang my i vi cht lng in :
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
47
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
l1=32 m
l2'
=5m
BA
- lch in p khi ng c khi ng :
Ta c :
ZBA = 0,014;
RBA = 0,005;
XBA = 0,014
Rd1 = 0,0039
Xd1 = 0,002
Rd2 = r02.l2 = 4,85.0,005 = 0,024
Xd2 = x02.l2 = 0,09.0,005 = 0,00045
- Ta c: Itm = Itm = 17,53 A
-Tng tr ca ng c :
Zdc = Xdc =
= 2,78 > 0,5
Z BA Z d ( X d1 X d' 2 X BA ) 2 ( Rd1 Rd' 2 X BA) 2

=>ZBA + Zd =
=0,028
Z BA Z d = 0,028
Z BA Z d Z dc ( X d1 X d' 2 X BA X dc ) 2 ( Rd1 Rd' 2 X BA) 2
=>ZBA + Zd + Zdc=
Z BA Z d Z dc = 2,8
= 7,65 % < 40%
.100=
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
.100=1% < 40%
48
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Vy ch khi ng ca thang my l n nh.
HNG 5 - TINH TON H MANG IN

5.1 Tn tht in p.
Tn tht in p :
Vy tnh ton tng t ta c bng kt qu 5.1 di y.

Bng 5.1. Kt qu tnh ton tn tht in p
Nhnh
Cao p
n t phn phi
tng
Ln cc tng
Thang my
Trm bm
Chiu sng trong
Chiu sng ngoi OA
AB
AC
466,5
277
1,24
0,135
570
2,799
466,5
277
0,122
0,059
32
19,278
409,4
11,62
68,416
0
5,4
3,6
1,8
208,794
13,59
60,2
0
0
0
0
0,11
4,85
0,4
0
1,84
5,55
8,35
0,06
0,09
0,06
0
0,073
0,32
0,33
57
2x5
50
0
30
120
60
15,148
15,153
8,152
0,000
2,615
5,258
3,955
5.2 Tnh ton tn tht cng sut
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
49
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Bng 5.2. Kt qu tnh ton tn tht cng sut
on
L, m
P, kW
Q, kVAr
Cp cao p
ng trc
Ln tng
Thang my
Trm bm
Chiu sng trong
Chiu sng ngoi OA
AB
AC
Tng
570
32
57
10
50
0
30
120
60
466,5
466,5
409,4
5,81
68,416
0
5,4
3,6
1,8
277
277
208,794
6,8
60,2
0
0
0
0
1,24
0,122
0,11
4,85
0,4
0
1,84
5,55
8,35
0,135
0,059
0,06
0,09
0,06
0
0,073
0,32
0,33
1440,772
7,958
9,171
0,124
1,150
0,000
0,011
0,060
0,011
1459,257
156,858
3,849
5,002
0,002
0,173
0,000
0,000
0,003
0,000
165,888
5.3 Tnh ton tn tht in nng

Ta c: Tn tht in nng
A = P . = 1459,257.2987= 4358800,659 kWh.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
50
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
CHNG 6 - THIT K MNG IN CA MT CN H
Thit k cho mt tng in hnh ca chung c,phng n b tr in nh sau:
6.1 S b tr thit b gia dng.

V cc cn h s dng cc thit b in khc nhau c cng sut khc nhau nn trong qu
trnh tnh ton ta khng th tnh chi tit c. Ta ch chn s b cc thit b theo cc yu
cu di.
.2 Chn thit b ca mng in cn h.

Dy dn ca mng in trong nh c s dng l dy cp hoc dy cch in. Tit din
dy dn c la chn theo dng in cho php:
IM Icp
Trong :
IM gi tr dng in lm vic cc i chy trn dy dn, c xc nh theo biu thc:
n tbi
IM k dt . Ilv.i
i 1
Trong :
Ilv.i dng in lm vic ca thit b th i;
kt h s ng thi, ph thuc vo cng sut v s lng thit b in c cung cp;
ntbi s lng thit b c cung cp bi on dy xt.
Icp gi tr dng in cho php cc i ca dy dn chn.
Gi tr dng ph ti cho php ca dy dn c xc nh theo biu thc:
Icp = khc. Icp.n
Trong :
Icp - dng in cho php ng vi tng loi dy dn, ph thuc vo nhit t nng cho
php ca chng;
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
51
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Icp.n dng in cho php lu di ca dy dn trong iu kin bnh thng;

khc h s hiu chnh theo iu kin thc t:
khc= k1k2.k3
k1 h s ph thuc vo phng thc lp t dy dn [bng 15.pl]
k2 h s ph thuc vo s lng dy cp t chung trong ho cp [bng 16.pl]
k3 - h s hiu chnh, ph thuc vo nhit trung bnh thc t ti ni lp t, c th xc
nh theo [bng 17.pl].
Gi tr dng in lm vic c xc nh ph thuc vo loi mng in nh sau:
Mng in mt pha
Mng in 2 pha mc theo In
mng in 3 pha
p pha
Ilv
S ,A
U ph
Ilv
S ,A
2.U ph
Ilv
S ,A
3.U n
S cng sut truyn ti trn ng dy, kVA;

Un, Uph in p dy v in p pha, kV.
Cp sau khi chn c kim tra:
Theo iu kin hao tn in p:
Hao tn in p thc t trn ng dy khng c vt qu gi tr cho php:
P.r0 Q.x 0
l UcP ;
Un
P, Q - cng sut tc dng v phn khng chy trn on cp, kW v kVAr;

r0 , x0 - sut in tr tc dng v phn khng ca on cp, /km;
l - chiu di on cp, km;
Un in p nh mc ca ng dy, kV;
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
52
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Ucp hao tn in p cho php trn on cp, gi tr hao tn in p cho php trong
mng h p t thanh ci trm bin p phn phi n u vo thit b l Ucp = 5% i vi
ph ti chiu sng v Ucp=7,5% i vi cc ph ti khc.
Kim tra ch n nh nhit:
m bo ch n nh nhit khi c dng ngn mch chy qua tit din ca cp phi
ln hn gi tr ti thiu xc nh theo biu thc:
Fmin
Ik t k
;
Ct
Trong :
Ik gi tr dng in ngn mch ba pha chy qua thit b, A;
tk thi gian tn ti ca dng ngn mch, s;
Ct h s c trng ca dy cch in, ph thuc vo vt liu dn in cho trong [bng
25.pl]. Trong trng hp thiu thng tin c th ly gi tr trung bnh theo bng 6.1.
Bng6.1. Bng gi tr h s Ct
Cch in
Dn ng
Dy nhm
PVC(Polychlorure inyle)
115
76
PR(Polyethylenereticul)
143
94
Thit k cung cp in cho mt cn h gm c 1 phng bp, 1 phng khch, 2 phng ng

v 1 phng v sinh. Ta c bng chn dy dn v thit b bo v s b nh theo bng 6.2
di y.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
53
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Bng6.2. Bng chn dy dn v thit b bo v s b

Thit b bo v
STT
Tn thit b
Cng sut
lng
d kin
Dy dn
K hiu
Loi
cm 3 cc cho iu ha
600W
2,5mm2 Aptomat
EA52G16A
cm
09
9x200W
2,5mm2
nt
EA52G16A
cm cho thit b truyn
02
3x600W
2,5mm2
nt
thng + my git
4
n compact m trn + n
EA52G10A
14
14x30W
p trn + n treo trn

5
n hunh quang; 1,2m
5x40W
n tranh + n gng
5x20W
Qut trn
01
60W
Bnh nc nng
2500W
1,5mm2
nt
2,5mm2
nt
EA52G10A
EA52G16A
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
54
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
CHNG 7 - TNH TON NI T
V trm bin p ca ta dng cho chung c l 400kVA (> 100kVA) vy in tr ni

t cho php l R td 4 , in tr sut ca vng t trong iu kin m trung bnh(
k coc 1,5 )l
=129m (vi thanh ni ngang k ng 2 ).
Rtn = 231
Chn cc tip a bng thp trn di l = 2,5 m, ng knh d= 6cm. Cc c ng su
cch mt t h = 0,75 m.
Chiu su trung bnh ca cc: htb = h +
= 0,75 +
2,5
=2m
2
-in tr tip xc ca cc tip a:
=105
Rcc =
- Vy s lng cc c chn s b l:
n=
Chn n = 28. S cc ny c ng xung quanh trm bin p theo kch thc nh sau:
L = 2.(20 + 15) = 70 m
Khong cch trung bnh gia cc cc l la = L/n = 70/28 = 2,5 m
T l la/l = 2,5/2,5 = 1
Tra ng cong ng vi t l 1 v s lng cc l n=28 ta xc nh c h s li dng
ca cc cc tip a l
in] v ca thanh ni l
[Bng 5.pl sch bo h lao ng v k thut an ton

[bng 7.pl, Sch bo h lao ng v k thut an
ton in].
Chn thanh ni tip a bng thp c kch thc bxc = 50x6 cm. in tr tip xc
xa thanh ni ngang:
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
55
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Rng =
= 13,11
.ln
in tr thc t ca thanh ni c xt n h s li dng ng l:

= 53
in tr cn thit ca h thng tip a c tnh n in tr ca thanh ni ngang l:
= 4,3
=
S lng cc chnh thc l:
=51,5
=
Vy ta chn nct =52 cc
Kim tra n nh nhit ca h thng tip a

Fmin =
= 12190.
= 116,5 < Stn = 50.3 = 150m
Vi C :l h s ph thuc vo vt liu lm thanh ni [vi thanh thp C = 74-sch bo h

lao ng v k thut an ton in].
Vy h thng tip a tha mn iu kin v n nh nhit.
Ta c s b tr cc nh sau:
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
56
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
S b tr cc tip a
CHNG 8 - HCH TON CNG TRNH
Cch thit b chnh xt n trong hch ton cng trnh c lit k trong bng 8.1
V =341,3188triu ng
Tng gi thnh cng trnh l
Tng gi thnh c tnh n cng lp t
V k ld .V =1,1. 341,3188=375,45 triu ng

-
Gi thnh mt n v cng sut t
V
gd =
=
Sd
-
.106 = 1,877.106 /kVA
Chi ph vn hnh nm
Cvh = k0&M.V= 0,02. 375,45.106=7,509.106
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
57
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Bng 8.1. Lit k cc thit b chnh v hch ton gi thnh

TT
Tn thit b
Quy cch
S lng
Trm bin p
Cu chy cao p
22/0,4400KVA
V.106
103
n gi,
ci
149
149
KT
1700
1,7
Chng st van
PBC-22T1
1800
1,8
Dao cch ly
PBP III -24/8000
1600
1,6
V t in
ci
1000
Cp cao p
CBG-25
km
0,57
147,42
84,029
Cp h p
XLPE-150
32
345,6
11,0592
Cp h p
XLPE-185
57
374,4
21,3408
Cp h p
XLPE-4
65
45,72
2,9718
10
Cp h p
XLPE-50
50
153,6
7,68
11
Cp h p
PVC-10
30
37,12
1,1136
12
Cp h p
PVC-6
120
35,52
4,2624
13
Cp h p
PVC-4
60
21,7
1,302
114
Cu dao
850
0,85
15
Aptomat tng
ABM10CB
ci
2300
2,3
16
Aptomat sinh hot
ABM15C
ci
4020
4,02
17
Aptomat tng
EA103G
ci
15
350
5,25
18
Aptomat chiu sng
EA52G
ci
350
0,35
19
Aptomat ng lc
A3143
ci
1250
1,25
20
Aptomat my bm
A3143
ci
1250
1,25
21
Aptomat TM
EA103-G
ci
1250
2,50
22
Khi ng t
ME-511
ci
1500
4,5
23
Khi ng t
ME-311
ci
1800
7,2
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
58
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
24
Bin dng
TBJIM
300
0,9
25
Ampeke
0-200A
ci
400
1,6
26
Vonke
0-500V
ci
10
310
3,1
27
Cng t 3 pha
ci
10
600
28
ng thanh ci
kg
10
60
0,6
29
B dn trm
3500
3,5
30
Cc tip a
(15,20)
Cc
52
120
6,24
31
Thanh ni
50x6
70
15
1,05
Cu,80X8
TNG
341,3188
Ta c:
Tng tn tht in nng trong tt c cc on dy l Ad = 51143,629 kWh.
Tn tht trong my bin p ABA = 255503,17 kWh (kt qu tnh nm cui chu k
tnh ton ca phng n 1 bng 3.5).
Vy A = Ad + ABA = 51143,629+ 255503,17= 306646,799 kWh.
Tng in nng tiu th trong nm
A = P.TM = 466,5.4600 = 2145900 kWh.
T l tn tht in nng
A% =
A
.100 =
A
.100 =14,3 %
H s s dng vn u t v khu hao thit b

Chi ph tn tht in nng
Cht = ght. A =1500. 306646,799 =460.106
1
1
p = + kkh =
+ 0,036 = 0,076
Th
25
(cc gi tr k0&M v kkh ly theo ph lc bng 5.pl[1])
Tng chi ph quy i
Z p.V Cht Cvh =(0,076. 375,45 + 460+ 7,509).106 =496.106 /nm

Tng chi ph trn mt n v in nng
G=
= 3399,6 .kW
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
59
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
CHNG 9
PHN TCH KINH T - TI CHNH
Trc ht ta xc nh sn lng in bn ra nm u:
Ab1 = S1.TM = 4600.571,37 = 2628302 kWh;
Lng in nng tn tht:
A1 A%.A1 =0,143. 2628302 = 375847,186 kWh

-
in nng mua vo:
Am1 Ab1 A1 =2628302 + 375847 = 3004149 kWh

-
Chi ph mua in:
Cm1 Am1.cm = 3004149. 750 = 2253,11.106

n gin ta ly n v tnh l triu ng (tr.)
-
Doanh thu:
B1 Ab1.cb1 =2628302 .1250 = 3285,3775 tr.

-
Chi ph vn hnh hng nm:

Cvh = k0&M.V =0,02. 375,45 = 7,509 tr.
Chi ph khu hao nm th nht:
Ckh.1 k kh .V = 0,036.375,45 = 13,5162 tr.

-
Tng chi ph khng th khu hao nm th nht.

Cm&vh1 = Cm.1 + Cvh1 = 2253,11+7,509 = 2260,619 tr.
Dng tin trc thu

T1.1 = B1 Cm&vh1 = 3285,3775 - 2260,619 = 1024,7585 tr.
Li chu thu nm th nht:
Llt1 T1 Ckh = 1024,7585 13,5162 = 1011,2423 tr.

-
Thu li tc:
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
60
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
t lt1 Llt .s = 1011,2423.0,15 = 151,686 tr.

-
Tng chi ph ton b:
C1 Cm1 Cvh1 Ckh1 t lt1 =

= 2253,11+7,509 +13,5162 + 151,686 = 2425,8212 tr.
-
Dng tin sau thu:
T2 T1 t lt = 1024,7585 151,686= 873,07 tr.

-
H s quy i
1
1
0,91
(1 i) t (1 0,1)1
Gi tr li nhun quy v hin ti
Lht T2 .1 = 873,07.0,91 = 794,4937 tr.

-
Tng chi ph quy v hin ti
C1.1 = 2425,8212.0,91 = 2207,497 tr.

-
Tng doanh thu quy v hin ti
B1.1 =3285,3775.0,91 = 2989,69 tr.

Tnh ton tng t cho cc nm khc, kt qu ghi trong bng 9.1 di y.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
61
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
Bng 9.1. Kt qu tnh ton phn tch kinh t ti chnh ca cng trnh
in nng ,10^3 kWh

Ab.103
Am.103 A.103
2
3
4
5
B
6
Nm
St kVA
571,37
592,72
614,22
635,64
657,06
678,49
699,91
Cm
Cm&vh
T1
375.45
-375.5
2628,302 3004,15 375,847 3285,378

2726,512 3116,4 389,891 3408,14
2253,112
2260,621 1024,757
2337,302
2344,811 1063,329
2825,412 3229,45 404,034 3531,765

2923,944 3342,07 418,124 3654,93
2422,084
2429,593 1102,172
2506,551
2514,060 1140,870
3022,476 3454,69 432,214 3778,095

3121,054 3567,36 446,311 3901,318
2591,018
2598,527 1179,568
2675,524
2683,033 1218,285
3219,586 3679,99 460,401 4024,483 2759,990

25584,11 17545,581
2767,499 1256,983
17973,594 7610,464
(Tip theo bng 9.1)

tt
Lht
tlt
C?
10
11
T2
13
14
-375,450
12
C?*t
t* B
15
0,00
T2* t
16
0,00
17
-375,450
820,646
123,097 1688,51
713,569
0,91
1535,01
2172,68
648,699
849,024
127,354 1744,59
737,690
0,83
1441,81
2041,45
609,662
875,504
131,326 1796,93
760,198
0,75
1350,06
1912,10
571,148
901,983
0,68
5
6
7
?
930,361
956,841
983,339
6317,698
782,706
806,827
829,334
851,859
5106,734
1263,07
1183,07
1105,06
1031,48
8909,57
135,297
139,554
143,526
147,501
947,6547
1849,26
1905,35
1957,69
2010,06
0,62
0,56
0,51
1789,39 534,599
1676,52 500,976
1566,36 468,138
1462,39 437,138
12620,88 3394,909
NPV = 3394,909
Ta c:
Khi tn = 0 th NPV =
T . = -375,45 tr.
t
t 0
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
62
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
V khi t = 1 th NPV =
T . = 648,699 tr.
t
t 0
Thi gian thu hi vn
T=
= 0,37 nm
= 0+
Vy ta c bng cc ch tiu kinh t ti chnh c bn ca cng trnh in.

Bng 9.2. Bng ch tiu kinh t ti chnh c bn ca cng trnh
NPV
3394,909
0,37 nm
Kt lun: Qua qu trnh thit k ta thy c vic la chn v tnh ton trong thit k l
rt quan trng v nu khng la chn ng s gy rt nhiu vn phc tp nh tn tht
kinh t, in p, in nng v cn c th gy c nguy him cho con ngi. Nh la
chn tnh ton thit k ta thy tt c cc ch tiu kinh t - k thut ca mng in u m
bo yu cu thit k chung. D n c mc ch ch yu phc v cho nhu cu sinh hot
i sng ca ngi dn th, ngoi ra ta cn thy c d n mng li hiu qu kinh t
vi tng vn u t l 375,450 triu ng s c thu hi trong khong thi gian l 0,37
nm y tht s khng phi l thi gian di thu hi vn khi xy mt chung c cao 15
tng. Da trn ton b cc ch tiu kinh t ti chnh, k thut c thit k v tnh ton
trn cho thy d n hon ton c th tin tng chp nhn v thc hin c.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
63
LP: TH2-K5
N CUNG CP IN
TI LIU THAM KHO

1- H thng cung cp in tp 1,2.TS Trn Quang Khnh .Nh xut bn KHKTH Ni-2006.
2- Bi tp cung cp in .TS Trn Quang Khnh .Nh xut bn KHKT- H
Ni-2006.
3- Bi ging h thng CC -TS Trn Quang Khnh
4- Thit k cp in .Ng Hng Quang-V Vn Tm.Nh xut bn KHKT-1998.
5- Li in v h thng in tp 1 - Trn Bch-Nh xut bn khoa hc v k
thut 2004.
6- H Thng Cung Cp in ca x nghip cng nghip th v nh cao tng
Nguyn Cng Hin (Ch bin), Nguyn Mnh Hoch.
Nh xut bn Khoa hc v K thut - H Ni 2001.
SVTH: V TRUNG DNG
64
LP: TH2-K5

Do An Cung Cap Dien Trung Dung Full

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Do An Cung Cap Dien Trung Dung Full

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N CUNG CP IN

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

Ngy nay, trong xu th hi nhp qa trnh cng nghip ha hin i ha c pht

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

CHNG 6 - THIT K MNG IN CA MT CN H ..................................................... 51

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

bi: Thit k cung cp in cho mt chung c vi cc d liu cho trong

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

2x7,5 2x20+2x5,6 2x7,5 2x4,5 18

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

0,045 4600 0,57 0,58 129 231

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

Ph ti cn h: Theo bng dl.2 tra theo Tn m ta c cn h loi 7.

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

CHNG 1 - TNH TON NHU CU PH TI

1.1 L lun chung

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

Ptm knc.tm Ptmi

1.2 Ph ti sinh hot

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

= 0,087 < 0,2

Chn thit b c cng sut ln nht ca nhm l: Pmax = 2500 (W).

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

Cng sut tnh ton ca nhm l:

= 0,26.24015 = 6244(W) = 6,244 (kW)

Chu k thit k l 7 nm. Chn nm c s l nm thit k: t0 = 1.

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

Ph ti sinh hot tng tng.

Trong : P07 sut tiu th trung bnh ca mi cn h, xc nh theo cn h tiu chun;

Psh= kcs.kdt.P0. ni .k hi = kcs.kdt.P0.(n1.kh1+n2.kh2+n3.kh3)

n1- s cn h c din tch 59,85 m2 l 15.4 = 60 h;

Psh=1,05.0,326. 6,244.(60.1,6015+ 60.1,591) = 409,4(kW);

Tnh ph ti ring cho mi tng.

Ptang = kcs.kdt.P0. ni .k hi = 1,05.0,502.6,244(4.1,6015+4.1,591) = 39,38 kW

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

Ph ti tnh ton ca trm bm:

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

Bng 1.2. Tng hp ph ti ng lc:

Tng hp 4 nhm ny ta c ph ti ca trm bm:

Ta tng hp ph ti trm bm v thang my bng phng php s gia

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

Cng sut tnh ton ca to nh chung c:

Ptt =466,5 kw.

H s cng sut ca my bm nc cng nghip,ca h gia nh c s dng bp gas ln

H s cng sut tng hp ca chung c:

Psh Pcs Pdl

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

SVTH: V TRUNG DNG

GVHD: TS. TRN QUANG KHNH

2.2. La chn cc phng n (so snh t nht 2 phng n)