HNG DN S DNG

PHIN BN 1.5

MC LC
1. Gii thiu Violet v cch ci t........................................................................4

1.1. Gii thiu phn mm Violet............................................................................................4

1.2. Ci t v chy chng trnh.........................................................................................5
1.2.1. Ci t ..................................................................................................5
1.2.2. ng k bn quyn................................................................................8
1.2.3. Chy chng trnh Violet.....................................................................9
2. Cc chc nng ca Violet....................................................................................9

2.1. To trang mn hnh c bn............................................................................................9

2.1.1. To mt trang mn hnh........................................................................9
2.1.2. Nt nh, phim.................................................................................10
2.1.3. Nt Vn bn....................................................................................12
2.1.4. Nt Cng c....................................................................................13

2.2. Cc chc nng son tho trang mn hnh....................................................................13

2.2.1. Sa i hoc xa mc d liu c...................................................13
2.2.2. To hiu ng hnh nh........................................................................14
2.2.3. To cc hiu ng chuyn ng v bin i........................................14
2.2.4. Thay i th t, cn chnh v kha i tng....................................15
2.2.5. Chn i tng bng danh sch.........................................................16
2.2.6. Sao chp, ct, dn t liu....................................................................17
2.2.7. Phc hi (undo) v lm li (redo).......................................................18
2.2.8. To cc siu lin kt...........................................................................18
2.2.9. Hin li im v bt im mt li..................................................19

2.3. S dng cc cng c chun..........................................................................................20

2.3.1. V hnh c bn....................................................................................20
2.3.2. Vn bn nhiu nh dng....................................................................22

2.4. S dng cc mu bi tp..............................................................................................23

2.4.1. To bi tp trc nghim......................................................................23
2.4.2. To bi tp ch................................................................................26
2.4.3. To bi tp ko th ch.......................................................................28

2.5. S dng cc module cm thm (Plugin).......................................................................31

2.5.1. V th hm s.................................................................................31
2.5.2. V hnh hnh hc.................................................................................34
2.5.3. Ngn ng lp trnh Violet Script........................................................35
2.5.4. Thit k mch in..............................................................................36

2.6. Cc chc nng khc ca Violet....................................................................................39

2.6.1. Chc nng chn trang ba...................................................................39
2.6.2. Chn giao din bi ging....................................................................40
2.6.3. Son tho hnh nn cho cc trang bi ging.......................................40
2.6.4. ng gi bi ging .............................................................................41

2.7. S dng bi ging ng gi.....................................................................................42

2.7.1. Ni dung gi bi ging v cch chy..................................................42
2.7.2. S dng giao din bi ging v cc phm tt......................................43
2.7.3. V, nh du ghi nh ln trang bi ging...........................................44
2.7.4. Chnh sa bi ging sau khi ng gi............................................44
3. Kt hp Violet vi cc phn mm khc...........................................................46

3.1. Tm kim cc t liu qua Internet.................................................................................46

3.1.1. Tm kim d liu nh..........................................................................46
3.1.2. Tm kim d liu phim.......................................................................47

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3.1.3. S dng t in trc tuyn phc v tm kim....................................47

3.2. To t liu bng cc phn mm thit k.......................................................................47

3.2.1. V hnh bng Paint Brush...................................................................47
3.2.2. To mt hnh hoc ch chuyn ng bng Flash MX........................47
3.2.3. Cc cng c khc................................................................................48

3.3. S dng v iu khin file hot hnh Flash..................................................................48

3.4. Nhng Violet vo Power Point.....................................................................................50
3.5. Cch chp mn hnh v a vo Microsoft Word........................................................52
4. Ph lc.................................................................................................................53

4.1. Ph lc 1: Bng k hiu v cch g chun LaTex........................................................53

...........................................................................................................................................54
4.2. Ph lc 2: Ngn ng lp trnh Violet Script.................................................................55
4.2.1. Gii thiu s lc...............................................................................55
4.2.2. Cc c im chnh ca ngn ng......................................................55
4.2.3. Cu trc ngn ng..............................................................................57
4.2.4. S dng Violet Script trong Violet.....................................................59
4.2.5. V d s dng VS m phng Hnh hc..........................................60
4.2.1. Cc i tng v lnh trong VS.........................................................63

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1. Gii thiu Violet v cch ci t

1.1. Gii thiu phn mm Violet
Violet l phn mm cng c gip cho gio vin c th t xy dng c cc bi ging
trn my tnh mt cch nhanh chng v hiu qu. So vi cc cng c khc, Violet ch trng
hn trong vic to ra cc bi ging c m thanh, hnh nh, chuyn ng v tng tc
Violet c vit tt t cm t ting Anh: Visual & Online Lesson Editor for Teachers
(cng c son tho bi ging trc tuyn dnh cho gio vin).
Tng t phn mm Powerpoint, Violet c y cc chc nng dng xy dng
ni dung bi ging nh: cho php nhp cc d liu vn bn, cng thc, hnh v, cc d liu
multimedia (hnh nh, m thanh, phim, hot hnh Flash...), sau lp ghp vi nhau, sp xp
th t, cn chnh v thit lp tham s, to cc hiu ng hnh nh, hiu ng chuyn ng, thc
hin cc tng tc vi ngi dng... Ring i vi vic x l nhng d liu multi-media,
Violet t ra mnh hn cc phn mm khc, v d nh cho php th hin v iu khin cc file
Flash, cho php s dng c mi nh dng file video, thao tc c qu trnh chy ca cc
on video v.v...
Ngoi ra, v l cng c chuyn dng cho bi ging nn Violet cn c rt nhiu chc
nng dnh ring cho bi ging m cc phn mm khc khng c. V d Violet cung cp sn
nhiu mu bi tp chun thng c s dng trong cc SGK v sch bi tp nh:

Bi tp trc nghim, gm c cc loi: mt p n ng, nhiu p n ng, ghp

i, chn ng sai, v.v...

Bi tp ch: hc sinh phi tr li cc ch ngang suy ra ch dc.

Bi tp ko th ch / ko th hnh nh: hc sinh phi ko th cc i tng ny vo

ng nhng v tr c quy nh trc trn mt hnh nh hoc mt on vn bn.
Bi tp ny cn c th th hin di dng bi tp in khuyt hoc n/hin.

Ngoi cc module dng chung v mu bi tp nh trn, Violet cn h tr s dng rt

nhiu cc module chuyn dng cho tng mn hc, gip ngi dng c th to c nhng
trang bi ging chuyn nghip mt cch d dng:

V th hm s: Cho php v c th ca bt k hm s no, c bit cn th

hin c s chuyn ng bin i hnh dng ca th khi thay i cc tham s
ca biu thc.

V hnh hnh hc: Chc nng ny tng t nh phn mm Geometer SketchPad,

cho php v cc i tng hnh hc, to lin kt v chuyn ng. c bit, ngi
dng c th nhp c cc mu m phng lm bng SketchPad vo Violet.

Ngn ng lp trnh m phng: Mt ngn ng lp trnh n gin, c linh hot

cao, gip ngi dng c th t to ra c cc mu m phng v cng sinh ng.

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Thit k mch in: H tr gio vin Vt l v Cng ngh to c cc mch in

ty vi mi loi thit b in, c th tng tc nh tt/bt cng tc, iu chnh
bin tr, c th o c cc gi tr. Tt c u c th hin rt sinh ng.

Violet cn cho php chn nhiu kiu giao din (skin) khc nhau cho bi ging, ty
thuc vo bi hc, mn hc v thch ca gio vin.
Sau khi son tho xong bi ging, Violet s cho php xut bi ging ra thnh mt th
mc cha file EXE hoc file HTML chy c lp, tc l khng cn Violet vn c th chy
c trn mi my tnh, hoc a ln chy trc tuyn qua mng Internet. c bit Violet c
th lin kt, thm ch c th nhng thng vo cc phn mm khc nh MS Powerpoint

1.2. Ci t v chy chng trnh

Bn c th ci t phn mm Violet t a CD hoc download theo a ch website ca
i Hc Phm Vn ng ti mc Vn bn/ Biu mu Ti liu/Gio trnh .

1.2.1. Ci t
Chy file setup.exe
Cc mn hnh s ln lt hin ra nh sau :

Hnh 1
n nt tip tc

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Hnh 2
c cc tha thun, click vo ng vi cc iu khon trn v n tip tc

Hnh 3
Chn ni ci t chng trnh

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Hnh 4
Chn nhm (Group), n nt Tip tc

Hnh 5
n vo nt ci t thc hin

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Hnh 6
Qu trnh ci t c thc hin
1.2.2. ng k bn quyn.
Sau khi ci t, trong ln chy u tin, Violet s hin ra ca s ng k nh hnh di
y. Nhp Tn n v, a ch nh hnh di v m kch hot : 78CA-7FE2-16A4-E08C83EE-073A-8FEF-C66E. n nt ng k kt thc.

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1.2.3. Chy chng trnh Violet

Chy chng trnh Violet, giao din chnh ca chng trnh s hin ra nh hnh di
y. Lu khi g ting Vit, bn phi tt cc b g nh ABC, VietKey, UniKey,... s
dng ch g ting Vit ca Violet.

2. Cc chc nng ca Violet

2.1. To trang mn hnh c bn
Mt phn mm bi ging l mt tp hp cc trang mn hnh (trong Powepoint gi l
cc Slide), trong mi trang s th hin cc ni dung cha ng mt phn kin thc ca bi
ging. Thng thng khi s dng my tnh ging bi, gio vin s ln lt trnh chiu tng
trang mn hnh.

2.1.1. To mt trang mn hnh

to trang mn hnh, vo menu Ni dung Thm mc (hoc nhn F5), ca s
nhp liu u tin s xut hin. G tn Ch v tn Mc, ri nhn nt Tip tc, ca s
son tho trang mn hnh s hin ra v ta c th a ni dung kin thc vo y.

Menu v cc nt
chc nng

Giao din bi ging

Cu trc bi ging

Danh sch file d liu

Hnh 1: Giao din chng trnh Violet

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C 3 nt chc nng trn ca s son tho l: nh, phim, Vn bn, Cng c dng
a hoc to cc t liu v vn bn ln mn hnh son tho. Cc phn k tip ngay sau y
ca ti liu s m t chi tit v tnh nng v cch dng ca ba nt ny.
Sau khi a hoc to t liu xong, ngi dng cn c th chnh sa, to hiu ng, to
cc siu lin kt v thc hin rt nhiu cc chc nng son tho khc na. V cc tnh nng
ny, xin xem chi tit ti phn 2.2. Cc chc nng son tho trang mn hnh

2.1.2. Nt nh, phim

Click nt ny nhp cc file d liu multimedia (nh, phim, swf, mp3...) vo ca s
son tho trang mn hnh, bng nhp liu s hin ra nh sau:

Hp "Tn file d liu" cho bit file d liu no ang c chn. n gin, c th
nhn vo nt "" m ra hp Open File ging nh trong cc ng dng Windows.

Nu chn file Flash (SWF) th s xut hin thm hp V tr d liu trong file.
Bnh thng khng cn nhp g vo y. Nu mun bit chi tit, c th xem thm
phn 3.3. S dng v iu khin file Flash

Nu nhp file m thanh hoc phim th s xut hin thm hp la chn xc nh

rng d liu phim hoc m thanh ny c c t ng Play hay khng.

Vic nhp t liu cng c th c thc hin d dng v trc quan hn bng cch t
ca s Windows hoc Windows Explorer, ta ko trc tip cc file t liu (nh, phim, flash,
mp3) ri th vo mn hnh son tho. Nu cn thay i cc tham s nh V tr d liu trong
file Flash hay T ng play video th ch cn click p chut vo t liu.
Violet h tr mi nh dng file multimedia thng dng bao gm: flv, mpg, avi, mov,
wmv, asf, dat, 3gp (phim), jpg, gif, png, bmp, ico, wmf, emf (nh), swf (Flash) v mp3 (m
thanh). Vi bt k loi file t liu no, ch cn ko th vo mn hnh son tho, hoc dng nt
nh, phim nh trc l u c th a vo Violet c.
c bit, Violet h tr 2 loi nh dng nh trong sut l .gif v .png. V d nh nh
chic thc o di y c lu di dng PNG, nn n c nhng mng trong sut (
gia v 2 bn gc pha trn), cc phn cn li l trong m, v vy khi n nm ln trn hnh
tam gic th hiu ng trong sut v trong m s pht huy c tc dng.

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Cc d liu multimedia y c th do chnh ngi dng t bin tp bng cc chng

trnh v hnh hoc x l nh nh Corel Draw, Photoshop, hay cc chng trnh to nh ng
nh Flash, Swish,... hoc c th l nh qut t sch bo, ti liu, t quay phim chp nh, hoc
copy t cc a CD t liu, hoc t tm kim thng tin trn mng Internet, v.v... c bit,
ngi dng c th d dng tm c t liu cn thit bng cch truy cp v s dng cc chc
nng ca H thng Th vin t liu gio dc ca cng ng gio vin Vit Nam ti website
http://tulieu.violet.vn
a) Dch chuyn, co gin i tng
Sau khi nhp nh, phim,... ngi dng c th dng chut ko, dch chuyn cc hnh
nh ny, hoc thay i kch thc, t l co gin bng cc im nt gc, gia cnh v im
nt gia hnh.

Vi mt trong 8 im nt bin, ngi dng c th dng chut ko (drag) n lm

cho hnh dng, kch thc i tng cng thay i theo.
Vi im nt tm i tng, khi ngi dng nhn chut vo ri di ln th hnh s
phng to, di xung th hnh thu nh. y l thao tc phng to thu nh n thun. Khi nhn
chut vo i tng (m khng nhn vo bt k im nt no) sau ko chut th c i
tng cng s c ko theo. y l thao tc thay i v tr n thun.
b) Thit lp thuc tnh ca i tng (nh hoc phim)
Nu click vo nt

, bng thuc tnh ca i tng s hin ra ngay bn cnh nh sau:

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Trong :
Hai nhp liu u tin l t l co gin theo chiu ngang v theo chiu dc ca nh
(trong hnh trn bc nh c co nh li 60%). Cc nhp liu ny gip cho ngi dng bit
hoc thit lp t l co gin ca nh mt cch chnh xc ch khng c lng nh vic co gin
bng cch ko cc im nt nh cp phn trn.
Gi nguyn t l di rng, c tc dng quyt nh khi ko cc im nt th t l chiu
di / chiu rng c thay i hay khng, hoc khi sa trong cc nhp t l co gin th 2 con
s ny c cng thay i hay khng. Thng thng nn thit lp ch Gi nguyn t l
khi co ko, hnh nh khng b mo.
trong sut: nh s m nht i lm cho cc i tng di n cng c th c
nhn thy. Nu trong sut bng 0 th nh l bnh thng, nu bng 100 th nh hon ton
trong sut v do v hnh. C th tham kho ng dng ca vic iu chnh trong sut
nh phn 2.6.1. Chc nng chn trang ba.

2.1.3. Nt Vn bn
Sau khi click vo nt ny, th trn bng trng s xut hin mt son tho c khung
mu xm. Ngi dng c th son tho cc vn bn ca mnh trc tip trn ny.
a) Thay i v tr, kch thc v cc thuc tnh
C th nhn chut ln ng vin mu xm v dch chuyn i tng, hoc nhn
chut vo gc tri di ca khung xm ny thay i kch thc.
C th thay i cc thuc tnh ca vn bn nh font ch, kch thc, mu sc,... bng
cch click chut vo nt , xut hin hp thuc tnh nh sau:

Trong , cc thuc tnh t tri qua phi, t trn xung di ln lt l: mu sc, font
ch, kch thc ch, ch m, ch nghing, ch gch chn, cn l tri, cn l gia, cn l
phi, gch u dng, khong cch gia cc dng.

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b) Nhp cng thc theo chun Latex

Vic nhp cng thc c thc hin bng cch g trc tip cng thc (theo chun
Latex) vo ngay phn son tho vn bn vi t kha LATEX. V d g "Cng thc ha
hc ca axit sunfuric l H2SO4" ta ch cn g:

C th nhp c bt c cng thc v cc phng trnh Ton hc, Vt l, Ha hc,...

no, gm c cc k t Hy Lp, cc ton t, k hiu so snh, tng quan, cc hm chun, cc
k hiu trn di ca ch, mi tn, k hiu logic v nhiu k hiu c bit khc. Bn phi
g theo chun LaTex to ra cc k hiu ny (xem Ph lc 1).

2.1.4. Nt Cng c
Click vo nt ny s hin ra mt trnh n (menu) cho php la chn s dng cc
module chun, module bi tp v cc module chuyn dng cm thm (plugin), gm c:

Vic s dng cc module ny s c m t chi tit trong cc phn tip sau (2.3. S
dng cc cng c chun, 2.4. S dng cc mu bi tp, 2.5. S dng cc module cm thm).

2.2. Cc chc nng son tho trang mn hnh

2.2.1. Sa i hoc xa mc d liu c
Sau khi to xong mt mc d liu, nu mun sa li th vo menu Ni dungSa i
thng tin, hoc nhn F6, hoc click p vo mc cn sa u c. Nu mun xa mc, ta
chn mc ri vo Ni dungXa mc hoc nhn phm Delete.
Sau khi to xong mt hoc mt s mc, c th phng to bi ging ra ton mn hnh
xem cho r bng cch nhn phm F9 (hoc vo menu Ni dungXem ton b). Sau
nhn tip F9 hoc nt Close trn bi ging thu nh tr li. Khi bi ging ang phng to
ton mn hnh, ngi dng vn c th gi c cc chc nng khc ca phn mm bng cc
phm tt.

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2.2.2. To hiu ng hnh nh

Violet cho php to ra cc hiu ng hnh nh i vi cc i tng (nh, vn bn, bi
tp,...) nh: bng , m m, rc sng v lm ni. Cc hiu ng ny c th s dng kt hp
vi nhau, ng thi mi loi cng c th thay i c cc tham s mt cch ty , v vy s
to ra c rt nhiu cc kt qu p mt.
Vi mt i tng (nh, vn bn, bi tp,...) m bng hiu ng hnh nh, u tin ta
chn i tng, click vo nt trn th nht pha trn bn phi i tng m bng thuc
tnh, sau click vo nt trn gc di bn phi ca bng thuc tnh.

Click vo du cng thm mt hiu ng hnh nh. Chn hiu ng trong bng danh
sch thay i cc tham s tng ng.
Click vo du tr xa hiu ng ang chn i.
Tng t nh vi i tng nh, ta cng c th to ra c hiu ng hnh nh cho cc
on vn bn nh sau:

2.2.3. To cc hiu ng chuyn ng v bin i

Chn mt hnh nh, on vn bn hoc plugin trn mn hnh son tho, khi s hin
ra 3 nt trn nh pha trn bn phi. Click vo nt (nt ang quay), bng la chn hiu
ng s hin ra nh sau:

C th click vo nt mi tn xung hin bng danh sch hiu ng. Ta chn mt

hiu ng bt k danh sch bn tri, ng mi hiu ng ny, li chn tip hiu ng con c
lit k danh sch bn phi.

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Sau khi chn hiu ng xong s c nt Preview (xem trc) gc di bn tri,

ngi son c th xem c hiu ng lun.
Phn T ng chy hiu ng nu c nh du th hiu ng s c thc hin
ngay sau khi hin th trang mn hnh, hoc ngay sau khi hiu ng trc c thc hin.
Nu khng nh du th ngi dng phi click chut vo nt next (pha di bn phi ca bi
ging), hoc nhn phm Enter, Space, Page Down th hiu ng mi thc hin. Ngha l s
khng chn phn ny nu mun cc ni dung ln lt hin ra khi ngi dng nhn phm.
Nhn nt ng . Trang mn hnh c to, u tin ch cha cc i tng (hnh
nh, vn bn,...) khng c hiu ng. C th phi nhn nt next (pha di bn phi) th cc i
tng cn li mi hin ra theo hiu ng la chn.
to hiu ng cho cc vn bn, ta lm hon ton tng t nh vi hnh nh. Tuy
nhin, ring vi cc i tng vn bn, cc hiu ng s c thc hin cho tng dng (hoc
tng on) vn bn.

2.2.4. Thay i th t, cn chnh v kha i tng

Nu c nhiu hnh nh, phim, vn bn, plugin... trn mt mn hnh th s c nhng i
tng trn v i tng di (v d trong hnh di y th hnh con chu chu trn
hnh hai con ong). Bn chn mt i tng, sau click nt bn phi (nt thay i th
t), th s hin ra mt thc n nh sau:

Bn mc menu u tin dng thay i th t. Mc Ln trn cng l a i

tng ang chn ln th t cao nht m khng i tng no c th che ph c n, cn
mc Ln trn l a i tng ln trn mt bc th t. Tng t nh vy vi cc chc nng
Xung di v Xung di cng.
Lu : Vic thay i th t trn/di ny s nh hng n c th t th hin cc i
tng nu ta s dng cc hiu ng cho chng. i tng no di cng s th hin u tin
v c th ln cao dn. Do , mun cho mt i tng th hin hiu ng trc, ta s phi a
i tng ny Xung di hoc Xung di cng.
Hai mc tip theo dng cn chnh v tr i tng. Mc Cn gia c tc dng cn
cho i tng vo gia mn hnh theo chiu dc (ta ngang khng b thay i). Cn mc

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a vo chnh gia c tc dng a i tng vo chnh gia mn hnh theo c chiu

ngang v chiu dc.
Mc menu cui cng dng kha i tng. Kha ngha l vn cho php chn i
tng, thay i thuc tnh, th t, nhng khng cho thay i v tr v kch thc. Chn mc
ny ln th 2 th i tng s c m kha v c th dch chuyn, co ko nh bnh thng.

2.2.5. Chn i tng bng danh sch

Chc nng cho php ngi dng chn i tng trn mn hnh son tho thng qua
mt danh sch. Vic ny d dng hn so vi thao tc click chut thng vo i tng, v n c
th chn c c nhng i tng khng hin th do b mt file ngun hoc do b ko ra ngoi
mn hnh son tho. Ngoi ra, s dng danh sch s gip cho vic thay i v tr hin th
trc, sau ca i tng (cng l thay i th t xut hin ca cc i tng c hiu ng) mt
cch d dng.
Cch thc hin: trn mn hnh son tho, ngi s dng click chut vo nt
phn pha di, mt hp danh sch s hin ra nh sau:

Trong danh sch l cc i tng nm trong trang mn hnh , c sp xp t trn

xung di theo th t thi im c to ra l trc hay sau. Nhng i tng no trn
(tc l c to ra trc) s b cc i tng di (to ra sau) nm ln khi hin th.
C du * pha trc l nhng i tng c thit lp hiu ng chuyn ng. Vi
cc i tng c hiu ng th nhng i tng no trn s xut hin ra trc, cn i tng
no di s xut hin ra sau.
Trn thc n c hai mi tn ln
v xung
dng iu chnh th t ca cc
i tng trong danh sch. Mun iu chnh th t ca i tng no, ngi s dng chn
i tng trong danh sch ri click vo nt
xung di.

hoc

l a i tng ln trn hoc

Sau khi la chn hoc sp xp xong, click chut vo nt ng li tr v ca

s son tho trang mn hnh.

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2.2.6. Sao chp, ct, dn t liu

Violet cho php ngi s dng c th thc hin thao tc sao chp, ct, dn t liu
(nh, vn bn, cc dng bi tp) trn cng mt mn hnh son tho, hoc gia cc mn hnh
son tho khc nhau. Thm ch ngi s dng cn c th copy cc i tng t liu t bi
ging ny sang bi ging khc.
V cch thc hin th cng ging nh trong nhng phn mm khc, ta s dng cc
phm tt nh sau:

Ctrl + C: Sao chp t liu ang c la chn

Ctrl + X: Ct t liu ang c la chn

Ctrl + V: Dn t liu c sao chp hoc ct vo ca s son tho

Ch : nu copy mt t liu ri dn lun vo trang mn hnh hin hnh th t liu mi

s nm ng v tr ca t liu c, v vy phi ch ko t liu va c paste ra ch khc.
Hoc c th trc khi paste th ta ko t liu va c copy sang ch khc ri mi paste.
c bit, c th copy d liu t cc ng dng khc v paste vo mn hnh son tho
ca Violet mt cch rt d dng, chng hn c th copy cc vng nh c chn t cc phn
mm x l nh, copy bng, hnh v v cc WordArt t MS Word, cc biu trong MS
Excel, thm ch c th copy c hu ht cc d liu t mi phn mm thng dng nh MS
Visio, Rational Rose,
V d: Sao chp (copy) mt WordArt t Microsoft Word, mt biu t Microsoft
Excel v dn (paste) sang ca s son tho ca Violet nh sau:

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2.2.7. Phc hi (undo) v lm li (redo)

Chc nng Undo (phc hi) v Redo (lm li) l cc chc nng rt quan trng i vi
bt c phn mm son tho no, gip cho ngi dng c th hy b cc thao tc chnh sa
khng hp l, hoc l thc hin li cc thao tc sau khi hy b.
Undo v Redo c th c thc hin ti c giao din chnh ca Violet v ti ca s
son tho mc. Ti phn giao din chnh, chc nng undo v redo s thc hin vic phc
hi v lm li nhng thao tc thm, sa, xa cc mc ca bi ging. Cn ca s son
tho th undo v redo ch lin quan n nhng thao tc thm bt, chnh sa cc t liu trong
mc hin hnh.
Cng ging nh cc ng dng Windows khc, undo v redo c th c thc hin mt
cch rt d dng bng cch nhn cc phm tt Ctrl+Z (undo) v Ctrl+Y (redo). V d sau khi
l tay xa i mt mc, hoc xa i mt bc nh, ta ch cn nhn Ctrl+Z th mc hoc
bc nh s c khi phc tr li. Nu li thy mc hoc bc nh ng l cn xa, ta
nhn Ctrl+Y th thao tc xa s c lm li.
Ta c th thc hin undo c nhiu bc, trong phn giao din chnh ca Violet th
cho php undo lin tc c 10 ln, cn trong phn son mc (trang mn hnh) th cho
php undo c 40 ln.

2.2.8. To cc siu lin kt

Chc nng Siu lin kt (Hyperlink) cho php ngi s dng ang mc ny c th
nhanh chng chuyn n mt mc khc bng cch click chut vo mt i tng no (nh,
ch,...). Khng nhng th, chc nng Siu lin kt cn cho php kt ni t bi ging ti
mt file EXE bn ngoi, m c th l mt bi ging Violet khc c ng gi EXE, hoc
bt k mt phn mm no khc.
Cch to siu lin kt: Trn trang mn hnh son tho, ngi s dng click chut vo
i tng cn lin kt, 3 nt trn s xut hin pha trn bn phi ca i tng, click vo
nt th ba ( ) xut hin mt thc n, chn mc Siu lin kt lc ny s xut hin mt
bng nhp liu nh sau:

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32

Nu mun lin kt vi mt file bn ngoi, ngi dng click chut vo la chn Lin
kt vi file bn ngoi ri click tip vo nt ... chn file EXE cn thit. Nu mun lin
kt vi mc khc trong cng bi ging th click chut vo la chn Lin kt vi mc
sau chn mc cn lin kt. Cui cng, click chut vo nt ng kt thc.
Khi mt i tng A lin kt vi mt mc B th d c thay i tn, thay i v tr,
thay i ch ,... ca mc B th A vn gi ng c lin kt vi B. Tuy nhin, nu ta xa
mc B i th i tng A s khng cn lin kt n u na.
Ch : nu chn lin kt vi file EXE th khi ng gi, ch mi file EXE l c
copy vo th mc ng gi (trong th mc con fscommand). Nu file EXE ny cn cc file
d liu khc chy, th ngi dng t phi copy cc file d liu ny theo cng vi file EXE.
C th ni Siu lin kt l mt chc nng kh quan trng khi gio vin mun lin h
n v kin thc ny vi n v kin thc khc khng cng mt trang mn hnh hoc khng
cng mt bi. Trong qu trnh trnh chiu, khi n trang mn hnh to s lin kt, ngi
dng ch cn click chut vo i tng lp tc mc hoc bi c lin kt n s xut hin.

2.2.9. Hin li im v bt im mt li.

Vic hin li (grid) v cho php bt im (snap) ti cc mt li, gip cho ngi
son d dng hn rt nhiu trong vic cn chnh v sp xp cc i tng. V d c th cn
cho cc vn bn thng l vi nhau, hoc chnh cho cc bc nh c kch thc bng nhau...
Bn cnh , ngi son cng c th iu chnh n/hin li, cho php hay khng cho php
bt im, iu chnh rng li...
hin hoc n li im, cch n gin nht l click chut vo biu tng
trn
mn hnh son tho, khi li im s xut hin hoc mt i. Nu li im c hin th
mi thao tc di chuyn cc i tng trn mn hnh hoc cc di chuyn im nt ca i
tng th u b bt dnh vo cc im mt li. Ngha l khi hin grid ( li) th s c snap
(bt im) v ngc li.
Tuy nhin, trn giao din chnh ca Violet, khi chn menu Ty chnCu hnh, ta s
c th thit lp c ch Snap/Grid mt cch ring r, ngoi ra cn c th quy nh v
rng ca li nh hnh sau:

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2.3. S dng cc cng c chun

2.3.1. V hnh c bn
Violet cho php to ra cc i tng hnh v c bn thng c dng nhiu nh: cc
hnh v hnh hc, on thng, mi tn, v bngvi thao tc d dng, nhanh chng v
chnh xc cao, ng thi cho php cn chnh, thay i tham s ca cc i tng theo mun
ca ngi s dng. Khng nhng th, Violet cn m bo cho cc i tng hnh v c
thm m cao to hng th cho ngi hc v ngi dy.
Cch s dng: trn ca s son tho, click chut vo nt Cng c, mt thc n
hin ra nh hnh phn 2.1.3, chn mc V hnh, ca s nhp liu s hin ra nh sau:

Trong ca s nhp liu ny s c cc nt cng c v hnh nh: hnh vung/ch nht,

hnh trn/elip, hnh thoi, tam gic, t gic, on thng, mi tn, mi tn 2 chiu v bng
dng v cc hnh tng ng. Mun v hnh no, ta ch cn click chut chn biu tng ca
hnh . Sau khi chn i tng hnh, ngi dng c th chnh cc tham s ca n bng cc
nt chc nng phn pha trn ca s nhp liu nh sau:

Mu nt: Thay i mu ca nt v (ng vin)

dy nt: Thay i dy ca nt v (ng vin). Nu dy bng 0 th

hnh ny s khng c ng vin.

Mu nn: Mu nn t bn trong ca i tng hnh v.

chn sng (t 0100): Khi thay i ch s ny th trong sut ca mu

nn hnh v s thay i v c th nhn xuyn qua c. Nu t ch s ny bng 0
th hnh v s ch c nt m khng c nn na.

Cc vic chnh sa trn p dng cho tt c cc kiu hnh v. Sau khi hon tt, nhn
phm ng kt thc. Hnh v s c hin ln ca s son tho trang mn hnh. Lc

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32

ny ngi dng c th thay i hnh dng hoc chnh to nh bng cch ko cc im nt trn
i tng hnh v nh trnh by trong phn 2.1.1.a.
Nu mun i hnh v khc hoc chnh li cc tham s (mu sc, nt v, chn
sng,...) ch cn click p chut vo hnh, hoc click vo nt thuc tnh l c.
V d v ngi nh da vo chc nng v hnh ca Violet

v bng s liu, ta click chut vo nt biu tng bng

s c dng nh sau:

, ca s nhp liu lc ny

Mun thay i s hng v s ct, ta ch cn thay i cc s liu tng ng ti cc

gc di bn tri ca ca s nhp liu. Sau , click vo nt ng th i tng bng s
hin ra trong ca s son tho, ta c th dng chut ko cc im nt iu chnh kch thc
bng cho ph hp.
i tng bng hin cha h tr vic nhp liu trong bn thn n, tuy nhin c th s
dng cc cng c vn bn hoc hnh nh a ni dung vo cc ca bng rt d dng.

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2.3.2. Vn bn nhiu nh dng

Vn bn nhiu nh dng c s dng cho cc trang mn hnh m ni dung ca trang
th hin vn bn l chnh. y, trong cng mt nhp text, ngi dng c th nh dng
vn bn ca mnh theo nhiu kiu khc nhau, ging nh khi trnh by trong cc cng c ca
Microsoft Office.
Cch to vn bn nhiu nh dng
Nhn nt "Cng c" ca s son tho trang mn hnh (xem phn 2.1) ri chn mc
"Son tho vn bn", ca s nhp liu tng ng s hin ra nh sau:

Son tho vn bn nhiu nh dng

Cc chc nng ca cc nt thuc tnh y gm c: font ch, kch thc ch, mu
sc, ch m, ch nghing, ch gch chn, cn l tri, cn l gia, cn l phi, nh du gch
u dng, khong cch dng. Cng c thc k pha trn hp nhp liu dng to l cho
vn bn ging nh trong Microsoft Word.
Khi thc hin nhng chc nng ny th ch nhng vng ch ang c chn trong hp
son tho mi c tc ng m thi. Do thay i thuc tnh ca nhng ch no, trc
tin phi la chn (bi en ging nh trong Word), ri mi nhn nt chc nng.
Cc thao tc x l i tng nh trong vn bn

Chn nh: Nhn vo nt "Chn nh" gc trn bn tri chn v a nh vo vn

bn. V tr nh mi c chn s ngay di dng vn bn m ang c con tr nhp
nhy. C th chn c c file nh JPG hoc file Flash SWF.

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32

Thay i kch thc nh: Click vo nh chn, sau ko cc im nt cc gc

iu chnh kch thc nh (phng to, thu nh,...). Tuy nhin, ta khng th dch chuyn
c nh, mun dch chuyn nh n ch khc th phi xa nh ch ny v chn li
vo ch khc.

Cn v tr nh: Chn i tng nh, nhn vo cc nt cn l tri hoc cn l phi

a nh vo cc v tr bn tri hoc bn phi. Lu l Violet khng cho php cn gia
i vi nh.

Xa nh: Chn i tng nh, ri nhn nt Delete trn bn phm.

2.4. S dng cc mu bi tp
Cc bi tp l nhng thnh phn khng th thiu trong cc bi ging, gip hc sinh
tng kt v ghi nh c kin thc, ng thi to mi trng hc m chi, chi m hc, lm
cho hc sinh thm hng th i vi bi ging.
to mt bi tp, ta nhn nt "Cng c" ca s son tho trang mn hnh (xem
phn 2.1), ri chn mt trong cc loi bi tp c hin ra trong menu ("Bi tp trc nghim",
"Bi tp ch", "Bi tp ko th ch"). Sau , ca s nhp liu cho loi bi tp c chn
s hin ra. Phn di y s m t chi tit v vic nhp liu cho cc bi tp thng qua mt s
v d tng ng.

2.4.1. To bi tp trc nghim

Violet cho php to c 4 kiu bi tp trc nghim:

Mt p n ng: ch cho php chn 1 p n

Nhiu p n ng: cho php chn nhiu p n mt lc

ng/Sai: vi mi phng n s phi tr li l ng hay sai

Cu hi ghp i: Ko th cc ct phi vo cc tng ng ct tri c kt

qu ng.

V d 1: To mt bi tp trc nghim nh sau:

Cc khng nh sau l ng hay sai?
a) Mt s chia ht cho 9 th s chia ht cho 3
b) Mt s chia ht cho 3 th s chia ht cho 9
c) Mt s chia ht cho 15 th s chia ht cho 3

Nhp liu cho bi tp trn nh sau:

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32

 thm phng n, ta nhn vo nt + gc di bn tri, bt phng n th

nhn vo nt . Sau khi nhp xong, ta nhn nt "ng " s c mn hnh bi tp trc
nghim nh sau:

V d 2: To kiu bi trc nghimGhp i.

Hy ko mi ct tri t vo mt dng tng ng ct phi c kt qu ng.
Cy sn c ...
Cy tru khng c ...
Cy bt mc c ...
Cy tm gi c ...

R c
R mc
Gic mt
R th
R chm

Ta thc hin cc bc lm nh bi tp trn, song phi chn kiu bi tp l Ghp i,

v ch khi son tho phi lun a ra kt qu ng ng sau mi phng n. Sau , Violet
s trn ngu nhin cc kt qu ngi lm bi tp sp xp li.
Nhn nt ng ta c bi tp hin th ln mn hnh nh sau:

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32

Khi lm bi tp loi ny, hc sinh phi dng chut ko gi tr ct phi t vo ct tr

li, ri nhn vo nt kt qu nhn c cu tr li l ng hay sai. HS c th lm tng cu
mt ri xem kt qu ngay, hoc c th lm ht cc cu ri mi xem kt qu u c.
V d 3: To bi trc nghim c cc k hiu c bit v hnh v:
Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A, c AB = 2 v AC= 12 , s o gc C l:

= 30

= 60

= 70

y l kiu bi trc nghim Mt p n ng, ch c p n th 2 l ng. Ta son

tho trn mn hnh nh sau:

Ch : Trong bi tp trc nghim v bi tp ko th ch, ta c th g cc cng thc

ging nh trong phn nhp vn bn bnh thng, vi mu LATEX(...).
S dng hnh nh trong bi tp trc nghim:
Dng Macromedia Flash, Corel Draw v hnh v to ra mt file .swf, hoc dng mt
phn mm x l nh (chng hn nh Paint Brush, Photoshop,...) v hnh v to ra mt file
nh JPEG. Nhp tn file ny vo nhp liu nh, nh ny s c hin ra trong bi trc
nghim ngay pha di ca cu hi.

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32

Ngoi Flash, Corel v cc chng trnh x l nh, ta cng c th v bt k chng

trnh no: Sketchpad, Geocabri, Word, v.v ri dng chc nng chp hnh v ghi nh thng
qua cc phn mm nh Paint, Photoshop,...
Chng hn vi bi tp v d 3, ta chn thm hnh tam gic vung ABC vo mn hnh
trc nghim bng cch v Sketchpad, sau chp hnh v (nhn nt PrintScreen), dn
(Paste) sang Paint v ghi dng JPEG. Sau vo Violet, hp nhp liu nh, ta nhp tn
file nh JPEG nh hnh trn, hoc nhn nt ba chm ... chn file nh , nhn nt ng
, ta c mn hnh bi tp sau:

i vi bi tp nhiu p n ng, ta cng lm tng t nh i vi bi tp mt p

n ng v bi tp ng/sai.

2.4.2. To bi tp ch
V d 4: To mt bi tp ch da theo sch gio khoa Sinh hc 6 trang 26. Khi to
bi tp ny, ngi son tho phi bit trc v ch ct dc v cc cu tr li hng ngang.
Tr chi gii ch
1. Nhm sinh vt ln nht c kh nng t to ra cht hu c ngoi nh sng.
2. Mt thnh phn ca t bo c chc nng iu khin mi hot ng sng ca t bo.
3. Mt thnh phn ca t bo cha dch t bo.
4. Mt thnh phn ca t bo c tc dng bao bc cht t bo.
5. Cht keo lng c cha nhn, khng bo v cc thnh phn khc ca t bo.
Cc cu tr li hng ngang ln lt l:
1. Thc vt;
4. Mng sinh cht;

2. Nhn t bo;
5. T bo cht

3. Khng bo;

Ch ct dc l: TBO

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32

Ta ln lt nhp nm cu hi v nm cu tr li trong bi vo cc hp nhp liu.

Hnh sau th hin vic nhp liu ca hai cu hi hng ngang u tin.

Trong :

"T tr li" l p n ng ca cu hi

"T trn ch" l tp hp cc ch ci s c hin ln ch, thng l ging t

tr li, nhng vit hoa v khng c du cch. Nu khng nhp g vo y th
Violet s t ng sinh ra t T tr li. V vy, nu khng c g c bit, ta c th
b qua phn ny nhp liu cho nhanh.

"V tr ch" l v tr ca ch ci trong "T trn ch" m s thuc vo dc. V

d vi cu hi 2, do t hng dc l TBO nn ta cn c ch thuc vo
ch dc, trong khi t hng ngang li l NHNTBO nn s ly v tr ch l 6.

Cui cng, nhn nt ng ta s thu c mt trang bi tp ch. Khi gii ch

hc sinh s click chut vo cu hi, ri g cu tr li tng ng vo hp, nhn Enter th s c
kt qu trn ch nh sau:

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32

2.4.3. To bi tp ko th ch
Trn mt on vn bn c cc ch trng (...), ngi son c th to ra 3 dng bi tp
nh sau:
1. Ko th ch: nhim v ca hc sinh l ko cc t tng ng th vo nhng ch
trng. Ngoi cc t phng n ng ca on vn bn cn c thm nhng phng
n nhiu khc.
2. in khuyt: Khng c sn cc t phng n, hc sinh phi click chut vo
trng g (nhp) phng n ca mnh vo.
3. n/hin ch: Khi click chut vo ch trng th p n s hin ln (nu ang n),
hoc n i (nu ang hin).
V d 5: To bi tp ko th ch vo on vn nh sau
on vn
n cht l nhng cht c to nn t ........................................ cn hp cht c to nn
t ........................................
Kim loi ng, kh oxi, kh hiro l nhng ........................................ cn nc, kh cacbonic l
nhng ........................................

Cc t
n cht,

mt nguyn t,

hai nguyn t tr ln,

hai cht tr ln,

hp cht,

hai nguyn t tr ln,

mt cht,

mt nguyn t

Nhp liu cho bi tp trn nh sau:

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32

Khi nhp liu, ta s g cu hi v ton b ni dung vn bn (c c cc t m sau ny

s c n i) vo nhp liu. Sau , chn cc t n ny (bi en t) ri nhn nt " Chn
ch". Hoc n gin hn, chn mt t ta g 2 cp k hiu x dc cnh nhau 2 u ca t
: ||<t c chn>||.
Sau khi chn t bng bt k cch no, trn nhp liu t s c mu nn rt d
nhn ra. Nu thi khng chn t na, ta ch vic xa cc cp k hiu || i l c.
Trong cc dng bi tp ny, ta cng c th chn thm hnh nh vo pha di cu hi
ging nh trong phn to bi tp trc nghim, v cng c th g cc cng thc ging nh
trong phn nhp vn bn bnh thng, vi mu LATEX(...).
Ring i vi bi tp ko th ch, ta c th nhp thm cc phng n nhiu bng cch
nhn nt Tip tc. Nu khng cn phng n nhiu hoc vi cc bi tp in khuyt v
n/hin ch th ta c th nhn lun nt ng kt thc qu trnh nhp liu. Di y l
mn hnh nhp phng n nhiu cho loi bi tp ko th ch.

Trong :

Nt "Thm ch" dng thm mt phng n nhiu, sau khi click nt ny ta s g

trc tip ni dung phng n ln danh sch i tng.

Nt "Quay li" tr v mn hnh nhp liu trc.

Nt "ng " kt thc qu trnh nhp liu v to bi tp.

Vi cch nhp liu nh trn Violet s sinh ra mt bi tp ko th ch ging nh hnh

di y:

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32

Bi tp ko th ch

V d 6: Bi tp in khuyt
Ta c th sa li bi tp trn thnh dng bi tp "in khuyt" bng cch vo menu
Ni dung mc Sa i thng tin Nhn Tip tc click p vo bi tp ko th
Chn kiu in khuyt Nhn nt ng .

Bi tp in khuyt
Hc sinh khi click chut vo cc trng ... th ngay ti s xut hin mt nhp liu
nh hnh trn, cho php nhp phng n ng vo .
Khi kim tra chnh xc ca cc phng n, my tnh s b qua s khc bit v ch
hoa, ch thng v s lng du cch gia cc t.
to ra loi bi tp "n/hin ch" th cng thao tc hon ton tng t nh trn.

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32

2.5. S dng cc module cm thm (Plugin)

2.5.1. V th hm s
Chc nng ny cho php v th hm s theo 2 dng: th hm s y = f(x) v th
hm ph thuc tham s x = X(t) v y = Y(t). Khi nhp cc hm s, ngoi bin s, c th s
dng cc tham s (a, b,...). Cc tham s ny s c nhp mt gi tr hoc mt khong gi tr.
Nu l mt khong th khi v th, hnh dng th s thay i theo s bin i ca cc
tham s t gi tr th nht n gi tr th hai.
to th, ta nhn nt "Cng c" ca s son tho (xem phn 2.1), chn mc "V
th hm s", mn hnh nhp liu hin ra v ta s nhp biu thc hm s vo y.
Ch : nhp chui k t biu din hm s phi theo ng quy tc:

Ton t: cng (+), tr (-), nhn (*), chia (/), ly tha (^)

Ton hng: s, tham s, bin s (x, t), hng s (pi, e)

Cc hm s: sin, cos, tg, cotg, arcsin, arccos, arctg, arccotg, ln, abs (gi tr tuyt
i), sqrt (cn bc hai).

V d v th hm s y = 2x2 - 4x + 1 ta phi g 2*x^2 - 4*x + 1

hay cc hm s khc:

x + 1/x

(x-2) * (x-1) * x * (x+1) * (x+2)

sin(pi*x) / x

e^(2/x)

Hm cng hng RLC: U / sqrt((x-C)^2 + R^2)

V d 7:
v th y = ax2 + bx + c, ta phi gn gi tr cho cc h s, nn chn h s a c c
gi tr m v dng hc sinh c th quan st c khi a<0 th quay b lm xung di,
a > 0 quay b lm ln trn, a = 0 th l ng thng.
Trong bng nhp liu th, chn th hm s y = f(x)
Nhp hm s a*x^2 + b*x + c
Nhp cc gi tr a = -1 1; b = -1 2; c = 0 2.
Sau khi nhp hm s v cc tham s nh trn, nhn nt "ng ", chng trnh s v
mt th Parabol c b lm quay xung di, nhn vo nt Play , th s bin i thnh
ng thng ri thnh ng Parabol c b lm quay ln trn:

V d 8:
th ca hm ph thuc tham s:

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32

 x = sin(a * t) + cos(b * t)

y = sin(b * t) + cos(a * t)

(t = 02)

Vi tham s b = 1, cn tham s a chy t 0 4, ta s c mt th bin i t ng

trn, on thng, hoa 3 cnh, hoa 4 cnh v cui cng l hoa o 5 cnh nh hnh di y.

Cc th ca cc hm ph thuc tham s thng c hnh dng rt p, l mt. Bn

hon ton c th t pht minh ra rt nhiu dng th hp dn bng cch th cc hm s khc.
V d th

x = sin(a * t) + cos(b * t)

y = sin(b * t) * cos(a * t)

(t = 02)

vi cc tham s b = 1, a = 4, th s c hnh dng mt bng hoa sen trng rt p.

V nhiu th trn cng mt h trc, v cc tim cn
Violet cng cho php v th ca nhiu hm s khc nhau trn cng mt h trc ta
, vi cc mu sc khc nhau. Tnh nng ny phc v rt nhiu cho cc bi ton v gii
phng trnh hoc gii h phng trnh, h bt phng trnh, v.v... V nhiu th trn mt
h trc cn gip ta c th th hin cc tim cn cho th hm s mt cch d dng.
Violet cn c chc nng v cc im nm trn th v dng xung cc trc (xem
hnh di). v cc im, ta ch cn nhp honh ca chng (cch nhau bi du phy
hoc chm phy) vo "H/ cc im cn v" trong bng nhp liu th. (ch phi nhn
vo nt mi tn ch phi di mi hm s th mi hin ra ny).
V d 9:

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32

V th hm s y =

x 2 + x +1
vi cc im trn th c honh t -3 n 1
x +1

Ta nhp hm s trn, cc ng tim cn v cc im (-3, -2, 0, 1) nh sau:

Lu khi v tim cn thng ng x = a, ta c th v gn chnh xc bng th hm

s: y = (x-a)*M vi M l mt s rt ln. Mu ca cc tim cn nn l mu nht hn so vi
mu th.
Nhn nt "ng ", kt qu th s c nh sau:

th hm s c v bng Violet
Ngi dng sau s t minh ha cc th vo bng cch nhp cng thc trong hp
son tho text, nh dng ch v dch chuyn n ng v tr cn thit.

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32

Th hin 2 hm s bng chc nng Vn bn ca Violet

Ta cng c th dng hp son tho text t tn cho cc im trn th, hoc th

hin ta chnh xc ca n. V d: A 3, 2 vit l LATEX((3, sqrt5/2))

Trong bi ton kho st v v th hm s, ta c th thu nh th t vo 1 gc

mn hnh, sau nhp cc bi v li gii xung quanh to ra mt bi hon chnh. Thm
ch ta c th minh ha cho th bng cc hnh ng hoc phim.

2.5.2. V hnh hnh hc

Module cho php v v th hin cc i tng hnh hc, c thit k tng t nh
phn mm Geometer Sketchpad ca hng Keypress, tuy nhin c mt s chc nng chuyn
ng sinh ng hn ph hp vi hc sinh nh tui. Cc bi hnh hc c thit k bng
Sketchpad cng c th nhp vo v s dng trong Violet thng qua module ny.
Violet c cung cp cho ngi dng cng c v hnh hnh hc. Vi cng c ny ngi
s dng c th d dng v c cc hnh hnh hc phc v cho ging dy, d dng thay i
cc yu t ca hnh v, c th quan st c s thay i ca hnh v khi cc yu t thay i
v c th tng tc trc tip trn phn trnh chiu ca Violet.
a) Cng c v hnh
Cng c v hnh hnh hc ca Violet bao gm cc chc nng:

V im:

- V mt im bt k
- V trung im ca mt on thng cho trc

V ng:

- V mt on thng ni hai im
- V mt ng thng i qua hai im
- V mt tia bit gc v mt im thuc tia
- V ng thng i qua mt im v song song vi mt ng

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- V ng thng i qua mt im v vung gc vi mt ng

V ng trn:
-

V ng trn bit tm v mt im thuc ng trn

V ng trn bit tm v bn knh

Chc nng chnh:

-

V k hiu gc

: chn chc nng ny, tip chn 2 cnh ca gc.

n\Hin cc i tng
, dng n cc i tng s dng
lm trung gian v cc i tng khc. V d: v ng trn ngoi tip
ca tam gic, ta v 2 ng trung trc, ri v ng trn tm l giao im
v i qua 1 nh tam gic, sau khi c ng trn th c th n 2 ng
trung trc i.

Thm\Xa nhn cc i tng

. nh k hiu cc im bng
ch ci hoa A, B, C, v k hiu cc ng bng ch ci nh a, b, c,

Lu\Xa vt ca im khi im chuyn ng

cc bi ton qu tch

, s dng trong

Chc nng khc:

-

Khi nng cp nu c thm chc nng no khc s xut hin y

b) Cc thao tc khc

Bt im, bt ng: Khi v i tng, ta c th phi chn mt im hoc mt

ng v. Kh nng bt im gip thao tc ny tr nn d dng v chnh xc.

Di chuyn cc im, cc ng: Sau khi v hnh th cc i tng s c lin kt

vi nhau. V d v trng tm G ca tam gic bng cch v giao ca 2 trung tuyn
th khi di chuyn 1 nh hoc cnh ca tam gic th G vn lun l trng tm.

2.5.3. Ngn ng lp trnh Violet Script

Ngn ng lp trnh chuyn dng cho vic to cc qu trnh m phng, vi mc linh
hot rt cao, c kh nng th hin c hu ht nhng mong mun ca ngi s dng, thm
ch c th to c nhng m phng ng m ngay c nhng chng trnh ha mnh nh
Macromedia Flash cng kh c th lm c. Tuy nhin, Violet Script n gin v d dng
hn nhiu so vi cc ngn ng lp trnh khc.
Violet Script c th d dng cp nht thm cc th vin cho tng mn hc, hin ti
chng ti cung cp kh nhiu cc hm v i tng phc v cho mn hnh hc. C th
xem kh nng ca Violet Script thng qua mt s bi ging mu ca Violet nh: nh l
Pytago, Cc bi tp Ton,...

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32

Chi tit phn hng dn s dng Violet Script s c trnh by trong Ph lc 2.

2.5.4. Thit k mch in

Violet cung cp cng c thit k mch in, cho php v c tt c cc loi mch
in trong chng trnh ph thng nh mch song song, mch ni tip, mch kt hp, mch
cu, vi cc thit b in nh: ngun mt chiu, ngun xoay chiu, in tr, bin tr, cun
cm, t in, vn k, ampe k, n, cng tc, di dng cc k hiu nh quy nh trong
SGK hoc cc hnh nh ging tht, sinh ng.
Cc gi tr ca cc thit b in c th thay i c trong lc trnh chiu bi ging,
bin tr v cng tc c th tng tc c nh tht, n c th sng hoc tt khi c hoc
khng c dng in, c bit cc thit b o nh vn k hay ampe k s lun ch ng gi tr
thc t bt k mch nh th no. Chnh v vy cng c thit k mch in s rt hu ch trong
vic kim chng kt qu ca cc bi ton mch in, hng dn th nghim lp mch in,
trong cc chng trnh Vt l v Cng ngh.
bt chc nng ny, ca s son tho, click nt Cng c, chn Thit k mch
in. Mn hnh son tho mch in s xut hin nh sau:

c bit, vi u th v ha, cng c ny h tr cc hnh nh thit b in v cng

sinh ng thay th cho cc k hiu thit b thng thng. V vy, ty tng mc ch s
dng, ngi son c th s dng hnh nh hoc k hiu cho ph hp, va m bo tnh s
phm, va lm cho bi ging sinh ng hp dn.

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32

Theo nh hai hnh trn, cng c thit k mch in bao gm: Cng c chnh (Di
chuyn i tng, Ni dy, Xoay i tng sang tri, Xoay i tng sang phi), Cc i
tng (Ngun xoay chiu, Ngun mt chiu, in tr, Bin tr, Cun cm, T in, Vn k,
mpe k, Cng tc, Bng n).
Nu ch mun v mch in n gin nh trong SGK th chng ta s cc k hiu bng
cch click vo th K hiu. Cn nu mun c nhng hnh nh ging tht to ra mt bi
ging sinh ng, hp dn, ta click vo th Hnh nh.
1. Chn\Xa cc i tng.
-

chn i tng no, ta ch cn ko i tng t khung Hnh nh hay K

hiu vo trang son tho ca cng c thit k mch in.

Mun xa i tng no trn trang son tho ca cng c thit k mch in ta

click vo i tng (chn i tng xut hin khung hnh ch nht bao quanh
i tng) v nhn phm Delete trn bn phm.

2. Di chuyn\Xoay cc i tng.
-

Mun di chuyn mt i tng ta dng chut ko i tng n v tr mi.

Mun xoay i tng no, ta click chut vo i tng (chn i tng) v

click nt quay tri hay quay phi.

3. Ni cc i tng bng dy dn, xa on dy dn.

-

ni hai i tng bng dy dn ta thc hin cc thao tc:

o Click nt Ni dy.

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32

o Di chuyn con chut n im u ca i tng th nht im

chuyn thnh mu , nhn v ko n im u ca i tng th hai m
ta cn ni dy, khi im ny cng chuyn thnh mu ta nh chut.
-

xa on y dn, ta click vo on dy dn ri nhn phm Delete trn

bn phm.

4. Thay i cc gi tr vt l ca i tng.
-

thay i cc gi tr mc nh ca cc i tng ta a con tr n gi tr cn

thay i, khi gi tr chuyn thnh mu xanh, ta click chut, nhp gi tr mi v
nhn Enter hoc click chut ra ngoi hon tt thay i.

Lu : i vi Vn k v mpe k ta ch thay i c gii hn o. i vi bin

tr ta ch thay i c gi tr in tr ln nht, mun thay i gi tr tht ca in
tr trong mch ta ko con chy ca bin tr.

i n v mc nh ca cc gi tr vt l trn cc i tng ta a con tr n

n v cn chuyn i, khi n v chyn thnh mu xanh, ta click chut. Mi
ln click n v s thay i v ta click n khi no nhn c n v mong mun.

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32

2.6. Cc chc nng khc ca Violet

2.6.1. Chc nng chn trang ba
V ni dung, trang ba l trang gii thiu bi ging (cha tiu bi ging, tn gio
vin ging dy, tn ngi son bi ging,...). V hnh thc, y l mn hnh khng c giao
din ngoi (ni dung phng to ton mn hnh). Khi mi bt u tit hc, phn mm bi ging
ch hin trang ba. Khi gio vin bt u dy bng phn mm th ch cn click chut, lc y
ni dung bi ging mi hin ra.
Cch dng: Vo menu Ni dungChn trang ba, sau son tho trang ba ging
nh tt c cc trang ni dung khc.

V d to ra mt trang ba nh hnh trn ta lm nh sau:

Vo menu Ni dungChn trang ba

Nhn nt Thm nh a bc nh nn vo, click vo nh, click tip nt hin

bng thuc tnh ca nh, v iu chnh trong sut ln cao cho tm nh trng m
i (vi mc ch lm ni r ch ln).

Sau Thm ch v thay i v tr, nh dng v cc thuc tnh ca ch c

mn hnh trang ba nh trn.

Nhn ng .

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32

2.6.2. Chn giao din bi ging

Vo menu Ni dungChn giao din. Ca s chn giao din cho bi ging hin ra
nh sau:

Ko thanh trt ngang pha di xem v la chn ton b cc giao din. Hin ti
chng trnh cung cp 10 giao din khc nhau v s c cp nht nhiu hn v sau.
Giao din u tin l giao din trng (khng c g). Nu la chn giao din ny th bi
ging s ch cn 2 nt Next, Back pha di bn phi chuyn i gia cc trang mn
hnh. Vi giao din trng th cc t liu s c hin th to hn, tuy nhin vic theo di v
thay i cc mc s kh khn hn.
Giao din trng rt ph hp khi ngi dng to ra mt trang t liu (v d cc bi tp)
ri nhng vo trong cc bi ging c to bi chng trnh khc (nh Powerpoint hay mt
trnh son tho Web chng hn).

2.6.3. Son tho hnh nn cho cc trang bi ging

Cho php son tho v chn hnh nn cho cc trang bi ging v s dng vi tng ch
. Ngi dng c th son cc trang hnh nn ging nh mt trang bi ging bnh thng,
tuy nhin trang ny s c s dng lm nn cho ton b cc trang trong mt ch no
.
son tho trang nn, bn vo menu Ni dung Son tho hnh nn, ca s sau s
hin ra. C th click vo nt + thm mt hnh nn, click vo nt - xa i hnh nn
ang c la chn.

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32

Sau khi son tho cc hnh nn xong, click vo nt ng li kt thc qu trnh

son tho. Nu cc hnh nn ny c s dng cho cc trang bi ging ri th cc trang
s c cp nht li ngay lp tc.
s dng hnh nn cho cc trang trong mt ch , ta click p vo tn ch trong
cy trc bi ging (hoc chn tn ch ri nhn F6), ca s son tho thng tin ch hin
ra nh sau:

Ngoi vic c th sa tn ch nh trong cc phin bn Violet trc, y ngi

dng c th chn hnh nn cho tt c cc trang trong ch . Ngi dng cng c th click
thng vo nt > m trang son tho hnh nn lun t ca s ny cho thun tin.
Trong Powerpoint, khi chn template, ta cng c th c c cc hnh nn, tuy nhin
khi tt c cc trang trong bi ging ch s dng c 1 hnh nn duy nht, cn trong Violet,
vi mi ch ta c th thit lp c hnh nn ring bi ging c sinh ng hn.

2.6.4. ng gi bi ging
Sau khi son tho xong v lu bi ging, ta vo mc Bi ging ng gi (phm tt
F4) chn Xut ra file chy (EXE). Chc nng ny s xut bi ging ang son tho ra thnh
mt sn phm chy c lp, c th copy vo a mm hoc a CD chy trn cc my tnh
khc m khng cn chng trnh Violet.
ng gi bi ging ra file EXE c th gip bn lin kt vi cc bi ging c to
bng Powerpoint hoc cc cng c khc c h tr lin kt.

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32

Nu ng gi dng HTML, phn mm s chy di dng giao din Web, v c th

a ln Website ca trng, Website c nhn hoc mt h thng E-learning no . Nh vy,
gio vin c th truy cp, s dng bi ging ca mnh thng qua Internet mi ni, mi lc
m khng cn mang theo a mm hay CD.
Vic ng gi ra HTML thc cht l ng gi ra dng SWF, l dng file chng trnh
chun ca Macromedia Flash, v vy nn bt c chng trnh no h tr nhp Flash th u c
th nhng c bi ging Violet vo bn trong n. C th tham kho thm phn ph lc 3.4.
Nhng Violet vo Powerpoint.

2.7. S dng bi ging ng gi

2.7.1. Ni dung gi bi ging v cch chy
a) Ni dung gi bi ging:
Sau khi ng gi v xut ra di dng file chy (EXE), trong th mc gi bi ging
s bao gm cc file v th mc con nh sau:

Trong :

Common: l th mc cha cc file dng chung nh mu giao din hoc cc mu

bi tp. Cc file trong ny u do Violet t sinh ra.

Data: l th mc cha ton b cc t liu dng nh, phim, m thanh, flash c

s dng trong bi ging.

Scenario: l file kch bn ca bi ging.

File c biu tng hnh ch F l file chy EXE, thng c tn trng vi tn ca bi

ging, dng chy trnh chiu bi ging.

Nu mun sa i bi ging sau khi ng gi, ta ch cn click p chut vo file kch

bn Scenario. Cn nu mun chy bi ging th click p chut vo file chy EXE (file c
biu tng hnh ch F).
Nu ng gi ra dng HTML th thay v file chy EXE s c hai file Index.html v
Player.swf. Sau khi copy c th mc gi bi ging ny ln Web th ngi dng cc ni ch
cn gi ng dn URL ca th mc Web l bi ging c th chy c trn bt k trnh
duyt no. Trn my tnh c nhn, nu chy thng file HTML th bi ging cng s c m
bng trnh duyt mc nh, thng l Internet Explorer hoc Mozilla Firefox.

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32

Violet hin mi ch c phin bn chy trn h iu hnh Windows, tuy nhin khi ng
gi bi ging ra dng HTML th bi ging c th chy c (c trc tuyn v ngoi tuyn)
trn mi h iu hnh thng dng nh cc loi Linux, Macintosh, v.v...
Ch : Khi copy bi ging sang mt my khc, ta phi copy ton b th mc gi bi
ging th mi chy c. K c khi ang son d m mun copy sang my khc son tip, ta
cng nn ng gi li ri copy lun c gi. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp ny th c th b qua
file EXE v th mc Common.

2.7.2. S dng giao din bi ging v cc phm tt

Sau khi chy bi ging, trang ba hoc u tin ca bi ging s c m. Lc
ngi dng ch cn click chut hoc nhn cc phm tt ln lt trnh chiu cc trang.

Trn giao din ny, ngi dng s click chut vo nt Next (hnh mi trn tr phi
gc di bn phi mn hnh) trnh chiu ln lt cc trang ni dung bi ging, hoc nt
Back (mi tn tr tri) quay v trang trc. Nu ngi dng khng mun trnh chiu theo
tun t th c th click chut vo tn cc ch thanh ngang bn trn, ri click vo tn mc
thanh dc bn tri giao din.
Khc vi khi phng to bi ging trong Violet (nhn F9), khi chy bi ging ng
gi th ngi dng c th s dng c cc phm tt thao tc nhanh hn:

Phm Space. Sang trang mi hoc bt u chy hiu ng nu c (tng ng

vi nt Next).
Phm Backspace: Quay li trang trc, hoc quay v u trang nu ang chy
hiu ng (tng ng vi nt Back).
Phm Enter: ging phm Space

Phm Page up: ging phm Backspace

Phm Page down: ging phm Space

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Trong qu trnh ging bi, thu ht hc sinh vo mt hot ng no ngoi phn

mm nh: tho lun nhm, ng kch tnh hung gio vin c khi s phi tt my chiu i.
Tuy nhin, vic tt bt my chiu nhiu s khng tt cho my, v th giao din bi ging cung
cp nt Tt mn hnh
gc di bn tri tt mn hnh trnh chiu nu cn. Khi mun
trnh chiu tr li, ngi dng ch cn click chut th bi ging s xut hin tr li ng
trang trc khi tt mn hnh.
thot ra khi bi ging, c th click chut vo nt
giao din, hoc nhn t hp phm Alt + F4.

gc trn bn phi mn hnh

2.7.3. V, nh du ghi nh ln trang bi ging

Chc nng ny cho php trong lc ging bi, gio vin c th dng chut v, nh
du cc i tng trn trang mn hnh bi ging (bi ging c ng gi), bng cc phm
chc nng nh: F2 (bt d), F3 (bt nh du), F4 (xa), F1 (tr v trng thi ban u).

2.7.4. Chnh sa bi ging sau khi ng gi

Sau khi ng gi, ngi dng vn c th b sung hoc chnh sa ni dung cho gi bi
ging mt cch d dng, bng cch click p chut vo file Scenario trong th mc ng
gi (hoc chy Violet ri m file Scenario ny ra), sau son tho ni dung bi ging nh
bnh thng. Vic chnh sa ny tt nhin phi c thc hin trn cc my ci t Violet.
Mt s lu khi chnh sa cc bi ging ng gi:

Khi sa bi ging ng gi th nn xa file bi ging c i m bo tnh

thng nht, trnh trng hp sa c 2 ch.

Nu ch l sa ch hoc sp xp li cc nh, ta ch cn lu bi ging li l c.

Cn nu c nhp thm nh hoc cc i tng khc th nn ng gi li. Khi ng

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32

gi li, Violet s hi c cp nht hay khng th chn C cp nht. Ni chung

sau khi sa i bi ging th nn ng giCp nht li cho chc chn.

Trong qu trnh son bi ging ng gi, c th s c nhng t liu tha trong

th mc Data, do ta thm nh, phim vo sau li xa trong Violet i khng dng
na. V vy, dn dp ht cc file tha, ta c th ng gi li, ch c iu khi
Violet hi c cp nht khng th chn Khng ng gi sang mt th mc
mi. Sau c th xa b th mc c i l c.

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3. Kt hp Violet vi cc phn mm khc

3.1. Tm kim cc t liu qua Internet
3.1.1. Tm kim d liu nh
S dng trang tm kim Google giao din ting Vit ti a ch: www.google.com.vn,
chn chc nng tm kim Hnh nh, giao din s hin ra nh sau:

Nhp t kha tm kim (tn hay mt t g lin quan n ni dung mnh cn), ri
nhn Enter. Danh sch cc hnh nh lin quan s hin ra, click chut vo nh no t yu cu
n trang web cha n. Nhn phi chut vo nh, chn Save Picture As nhn nt Save.
C th s dng chc nng Tm kim nng cao ca Google bng cch click vo ch
Nng Cao Hnh nh Tm Kim bn phi nt Tm Hnh nh. Giao din trang Tm kim
nng cao hin ra nh di y. Gi s ta ch mun tm cc hnh nh c kch c t trung bnh
tr ln th lm nh sau:

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32

3.1.2. Tm kim d liu phim

Vo trang tm kim http://video.google.com, nhp t kha tm kim. Cc file phim tm
thy c th c ui l: avi, mov, mpg, mpeg, asf, wmv, u c Violet h tr.
Ngoi Google th cn rt nhiu cc trang web tm kim khc nh http://vn.yahoo.com,
www.altavista.com hoc cc trang web tm kim ca Vit Nam nh http://xalo.vn,
http://baamboo.com, http://timnhanh.com, http://socbay.com. Tuy nhin Google hin nay vn
l trang web tm kim c a chung nht c trn th gii v Vit Nam.

3.1.3. S dng t in trc tuyn phc v tm kim

V ti nguyn ly c t nc ngoi nhiu hn, v vy, ta nn dng t kha bng
ting Anh. C th tra t in bng cc phn mm ci trn my tnh hoc tra trc tuyn qua cc
a ch website sau:

Vietnam Dictionary: http://tratu.baamboo.com

Tinh Vn Dictionary: http://www.tinhvan.com/scripts/tvis/webdict/webdict.pl
Chn loi t in l Vit - Anh, g t ting Vit vo, nhn Enter, s ra t ting Anh.
V d:
lm bi ging v ng c nhit, bn cn tm hnh nh v ng c hi nc, bn tra
t in ch ng c l engine, ch hi nc l steam. Sau vo www.google.com.vn,
chn mc Hnh nh, g ch steam engine vo tm kim, google s hin ra rt nhiu cc
hnh nh lin quan cho bn chn.

3.2. To t liu bng cc phn mm thit k

3.2.1. V hnh bng Paint Brush
-

Chy chng trnh: Nhn Start Programs Accessories Paint

S dng cc cng c v hnh v thm ch, thay i kch thc ca nh.

Save file nh (Ctrl+S), nn chn Save as type l dng JPEG.

3.2.2. To mt hnh hoc ch chuyn ng bng Flash MX

-

Chy chng trnh Macromedia Flash

V hnh, thm ch, hoc nhp mt nh c sn trn my tnh (bng cch Ctrl+R, chn
nh, nhn Open).

Dng cng c

Xc nh v tr ban u ca hnh nh.

Trn trc thi gian (Timeline) a chut n s 30, nhn F6.

bao ly ton b hnh, nhn F8, chn Graphic, nhn OK.

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Dch chuyn xc nh v tr cui cng ca hnh nh.

a chut n s 15. Nhn phi chut, chn Create Motion Tween.

Nhn Ctrl+Enter xem kt qu (ng thi s to ra file SWF cng th mc vi file

FLA lu, m file SWF c th a c vo Violet).

3.2.3. Cc cng c khc

S dng Photoshop, nu ta cng lu nh ra file JPG, cn s dng Corel Draw, ta v
hnh v Export hnh ra dng file SWF (vi la chn Bounding Box Size l Page) th cng u
c th a c cc hnh nh ny vo trong Violet.

3.3. S dng v iu khin file hot hnh Flash

Tnh nng ny gip cho vic kt hp gia Violet v Macromedia Flash thm d dng,
tin li, v s rt hu ch i vi nhng ngi bit dng Flash.
t tn v s dng cc frame
Trong mt file Flash, cc d liu c th c lu vo cc frame khc nhau

Khi son tho trang mn hnh Hnh nh, m thanh, phim..., nhn nt Thm nh:

Tham s V tr d liu trong file chnh l tn frame m c cha d liu cn hin th.
Khi file Flash c np, Timeline ca n s chuyn ngay n v tr frame ny, v do trn
mn hnh s hin th d liu tng ng. Nh v d trn th Violet s hin th hnh nh con
ch trong file Dongvat.swf.
Nu khng nhp tham s ny th Violet s hin th frame u tin ca file Flash.
Nh vy, nu bi ging c nhiu hnh nh nh, hoc nhiu on phim hot hnh nh,
th ta c th ghp chung chng vo mt file Flash, bng cch t cc i tng ny cc
frame khc nhau, ri t tn cho cc frame .
Nu khng t tn cho frame th c th dng lun s th t frame cng c, nhng
s bt tin v khi bn chn hoc xa frame gia th tt c cc s pha sau s b thay i ht.

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iu khin on hot hnh Flash

Mt on hot hnh Flash s phi c cha trn mt on frame ca trc thi gian
(Timeline) nh sau:

Ta nhp file Flash cha on hot hnh ny vo Violet, ri to ra nhiu mc d liu

ging nhau (copy v paste), sau thay i tham s frame trong tng mc th ta c th to
c cc nt bm truy xut ty n tng giai on ca on hot hnh.
VD ta c mt on hot hnh Flash m phng cuc chin u, trn Timeline c nh
du tn frame bng cc nhn (label) l: Khiu chin, D ch, Phn cng, Chin thng. Dng
Violet to ra bn mc u cha on hot hnh Flash ny, nhng khc nhau cc tham s
frame. Nh vy ta s c bi ging Violet m c th truy xut bt k giai on no ca cuc
chin u.
Mt s ch khc:
Khi Violet truy cp n frame no th mc nh sau Timeline khng chy na
(stop). V th, vi cc on hot hnh th phi ch thm (play) vo ngay sau tham s
frame: V d: Khiu chin(play), Phn cng(play).
Nu on hot hnh ny c t trong mt Movieclip con ca file Flash th phi ch
c ng dn n Movieclip . Chng hn on m phng khng chin nm trong movieclip
tn l khangchien th tham s frame cn t l: khangchien.Phn cng(play).
iu khin file Flash bng cc nt Next, Back
Ta c th nhp nhiu frame cho cng mt file Flash trong 1 mc d liu, khi nhn
nt Next trn giao din bi ging s ln lt chuyn qua cc frame khc nhau, cc frame ny
c ngn cch bng du chm phy ;.
V d: Khiu chin(play);D ch(play);Phn cng(play);Chin thng(play)
Hoc vi mt m phng th nghim, hnh u tin ta cho dng li quan st cc thit
b ri mi nhn nt Next xem din bin th nghim, th ta s phi t tham s frame nh
sau: start;start(play), hoc n gin l 1;1(play). (dng frame u tin, nhn nt next
th s bt u play t frame u tin).

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3.4. Nhng Violet vo Power Point

Nhng Violet vo Powerpoint l cch hin ni dung ca cc trang Violet ngay trn
trang mn hnh ca Powerpoint, bn cnh cc ni dung Powerpoint khc. V d bn c th
dng Violet to ra cc bi tp (trc nghim, ch, ko th,...), sau nhp bi tp ny lun
ln trang slide ca mt bi ging Powerpoint c sn. Cch lm mt v d nh sau:
-

Dng Violet to ra mt bi tp trc nghim (hoc bi tp ko th, tr chi ch,...)

Nhn F8 v chn giao din trng (khng c giao din).

ng gi di dng HTML (thc cht l to ra file Player.swf).

Chy Microsoft Powerpoint.

M mt file PPT c sn, hoc to mt file PPT mi nhng phi save li lun. n
gin, ta nn copy (hoc save) file PPT ny vo th mc cha th mc ng gi ca bi
ging Violet. V d, Violet ng gi ra D:\BaiGiang\Bai1\Package-tracnghiem1 th
file PPT s c t vo D:\BaiGiang\Bai1 nh hnh di y.

Trn giao din Powerpoint, a chut n vng thanh cng c, nhn phi chut, chn
Control Toolbox. Thanh cng c Control Toolbox s xut hin nh hnh di.

Trn thanh cng c, click vo nt

chn dng Shockwave Flash Object.

gc di bn phi. Mt menu th hin ra,

50

32

Lc ny con chut c hnh ch thp, hy ko chut to mt hnh ch nht vi hai

ng cho. Click phi chut vo vng hnh ch nht va to, chn Properties. Bng
thuc tnh (Properties) xut hin.

Chnh 2 thuc tnh sau:

o Base: l th mc cha gi sn phm, ch phi dng ng dn tng i so
vi file PPT. Nh v d trc, vi file Powerpoint t ti D:\BaiGiang\Bai1,
cn Violet ng gi ra th mc D:\BaiGiang\Bai1\Package-tracnghiem1, th ta
s t Base l Package-tracnghiem1.
o Movie: l tn y (gm c ng dn) ca file Player.swf c Violet sinh
ra trong gi sn phm, chnh l bng thuc tnh Base cng thm \Player.swf.
V d Package-tracnghiem1\Player.swf.

Cui cng chy trang Powerpoint ny xem kt qu.

Ch :
Ta c th nhp nhiu bi tp Violet vo nhiu trang khc nhau ca Powerpoint bng
cch ng gi cc bi tp ra nhiu th mc khc nhau. cho d qun l th nn t cc
th mc ng gi ny nm trong th mc cha file PPT nh sau:

51

32

3.5. Cch chp mn hnh v a vo Microsoft Word

-

Chy chng trnh v hin ln mn hnh cn chp

Nhn nt Print Screen (cnh nt F12) (hoc Alt+Print Screen chp ring ca s
hin hnh).

Vo cc chng trnh Microsoft Word, nhn phm Ctrl+V (paste).

C th ct vin ngoi cc hnh nh bng chc nng Crop nh sau:

o Click phi chut vo hnh nh, chn Show Picture Toolbar
o Chn chc nng Crop (biu tng

).

o Dng chut dch chuyn cc im nt trn nh vo bn trong nh ct.

Trn y ch l cch chp hnh n gin nht. Tuy nhin, nu bn bit dng mt
chng trnh x l nh th sau khi chp, nn paste hnh vo , chnh sa (iu chnh kch
thc, ct vin, thay i chi tit,...), tip save ra file JPG cht lng (quality) khong 60%
(i vi nh chp, nhiu mu) hoc nh GIF (vi nhng nh t mu). Cui cng, t trong
Word, ta dng chc nng Insert/Picture/From File... chn file nh ny vo. Bng cch ny
th file .doc save ra s nh hn rt nhiu so vi cch Paste trc tip nh vo Word.
Trong Photoshop, ta c save nh ra JPG hoc GIF bng menu File/Save for Web...

52

32

4. Ph lc
4.1. Ph lc 1: Bng k hiu v cch g chun LaTex
Cc k t Hi lp

Nhp
alpha
beta
chi
delta
Delta
epsilon
varepsilon
eta
gamma
Gamma
iota
kappa
lambda
Lambda
mu
nu
omega
Omega
phi
varphi
Phi
pi
Pi
psi
rho
sigma
Sigma
tau
theta
vartheta
Theta
upsilon
xi
Xi
zeta

KQ

Cc ton t

Cc k t quan h

Nhp
sqrt

KQ

rootn(a
)
+
*
**
//
\\
xx
-:
@
o+
ox
o.
sum
prod
^^
^^^
vv
vvv
nn
nnn
uu
uuu

53

/
\

32

Nhp
=
!=
<
>
<=
>=
-<
>in
!in
sub
sup
sube
supe
-=
~=
~~
prop

KQ
=

<
>

Cc loi du ngoc
Nhp
(
)
[
]
{
}

KQ
(
)
[
]
{
}

K t mi tn
Nhp
uarr
darr
rarr
->
|->
larr
harr
rArr
lArr
hArr

KQ

Cc k hiu logic
Nhp
and
or
not
=>
if
iff
AA
EE
_|_
TT
||=

KQ
and
or

if

Cc hm chun
Nhp
sin
cos
tan
csc
sec
cot
sinh
cosh
tanh
log
ln
det
dim
lim
mod
gcd
lcm
min
max

Cc k hiu khc

KQ
sin
cos
tan
csc
sec
cot
sinh
cosh
tanh
log
ln
det
dim
lim
mod
gcd
lcm
min
max

Nhp
a^n
a_n
a/n

Cc k hiu trn
Nhp

KQ

angle(ABC)
hat x
bar x
ul x
vec x
dot x
ddot x

ABC
x^
x
x
x
x.
x..

54

32

int
oint
del
grad
+O/
oo
aleph
|...|
|cdots|
vdots
ddots
|\ |
|quad|
diamond
square
|_
_|
|~
~|

KQ
an
an
a
n

|...|
||

||
| |

4.2. Ph lc 2: Ngn ng lp trnh Violet Script

4.2.1. Gii thiu s lc
Violet Script (VS) l ngn ng lp trnh chuyn dng v ha, c bit trong vic
to ra cc hot ng m phng. Ngn ng ny c th c s dng rt hiu qu xy dng
cc phn mm multimedia h tr dy hc. Vi cu trc n gin nhng y v cht ch,
VS s gip ngi dng c th d dng m t cc tng ca mnh, hoc c th sa i mt
sn phm c sn cho ph hp kch bn ca mnh.
Khc vi mt phn mm cng c, vic s dng ngn ng lp trnh c tnh m cao hn,
n cho php ngi dng khng phi ch l s dng cc mu m phng c sn m cn c th
t to ra cc mu mi, hoc sa i c nhng mu c mt cch ty (sa cc tham s,
ni dung v trnh t th hin, v.v...). Nh vy, kh nng p ng yu cu ngi dng ca mt
ngn ng lp trnh l cao hn nhiu so vi mt phn mm cng c.
VS c xy dng da trn ngn ng Action Script 2.0 ca Macromedia Flash, chnh
v vy, VS rt mnh trong vic thc hin cc m phng c chuyn ng v tng tc, c x l
m thanh v hnh nh. Tt nhin, vic lp trnh bng VS th n gin hn nhiu so vi lp
trnh bng Action Script.
Cc file m ngun ca VS u c th s dng c m vn bn Unicode hoc UTF-8.
Chnh v vy, khng ch c cc d liu, li gii thch m k c tn cc i tng (tn bin, tn
nhn, tn lnh, tn hm) u c th dng c bng ting Vit c du, gip ngi dng
Vit Nam d tip cn hn nhiu so vi mt ngn ng bng ting Anh.

4.2.2. Cc c im chnh ca ngn ng

a) Ngn ng m phng
Ngn ng lp trnh VS h tr rt nhiu v cc k thut m phng. Cc thao tc v
ha v m phng hu ht c lp trnh sn, li c thm kh nng np th vin m ngun,
kh nng s dng cc d liu m thanh, hnh nh mt cch d dng, VS s gip ngi cho
ngi dng c th vit c nhng phn mm ha cao cp m khng cn nhng kin thc
chuyn su v ha.
C th coi vic lp trnh m phng bng ngn ng VS ch n gin l vic m t li
kch bn ca qu trnh m phng. Sau , trnh thng dch ca VS s thc hin cc cng vic
ha v m phng theo nh kch bn ny. Do vy, ngi dng hon ton c th to c
mt qu trnh m phng phc tp ch bng mt on chng trnh VS rt ngn gn (so vi
cc ngn ng lp trnh khc).
b) La chn ch chy song song hoc tun t
Cc ngn ng thng dch thng phi chy di dng tun t (chy ht lnh ny ri
mi n lnh khc). Tuy vy, trong m phng, i khi ta cn to nhiu thao tc m phng

55

32

ng thi (v d nh hai hay nhiu vt cng chuyn ng mt lc). V vy, VS c th cho

php ngi lp trnh thit lp c ch x l lnh l song song hay tun t.
y cng l mt c im c o v tin dng ca ngn ng VS so vi cc ngn ng
lp trnh khc.
c) Kh nng s dng cc th vin m
Tuy VS l ngn ng chuyn dng trong lnh vc ha v m phng, song ha l
mt lnh vc rng nn VS ch mang tnh tng qut. N khng th bao hm c ht tt c cc
thao tc m phng, chng trnh thng dch VS cng khng th cha tt c cc d liu, th
vin hnh nh thng dng cho mi sn phm. Tuy nhin, i vi ngi lp trnh khng
chuyn, vn t ra l phi lm sao cho mi th hu nh c sn ht.
V vy, ngn ng VS s c mt h thng th vin km theo v cp nht thng xuyn.
Cc th vin ny cha nhiu hnh nh, m hnh, biu tng thng dng v c th ly ra s
dng mt cch d dng, cc thao tc chuyn ng c lp trnh sn, cc mu chng trnh
chun cng c th s dng vi kh nng ty bin cao.
V d: trong vic to bi ging, nu phn loi theo cc mn hc th ngn ng VS (trnh
thng dch ca ngn ng VS) s phc v cho tt c cc mn. Tuy nhin, th vin s dng cho
tng mn s khc nhau, ngha l ta s c th vin cho mn Ton, th vin cho mn Vt L,
v.v Nh vy, kh nng ci tin chng trnh v cp nht t liu ca VS s tr nn d dng.
Th vin m l mt trong nhng u im hn hn ca VS so vi hu ht cc phn
mm cng c to bi ging hin nay.
d) So snh ngn ng VS vi Timeline
Nhng ngi tng dng hoc xem cc chng trnh nh Macromedia Flash,
Macromedia Diector, Adobe Premier, hn khng th khng bit n khi nim Timeline
(trc thi gian). y l mt cng c thit k rt quan trng trong vic to ra cc chuyn ng,
cc hiu ng ca hnh nh v m thanh, lm phim hot hnh, xy dng cu trc ca mt sn
phm, Timeline l mt cng c rt hu ch, c bit i vi ngi khng bit lp trnh cng
c th dng n xy dng phn mm multimedia ng dng c.
Tuy nhin im nhc c bn ca Timeline l khng c tnh m. V d: dng
Timeline c th d dng to mt chuyn ng trong vng 3 giy, nhng khng th dng
Timeline to chuyn ng trong vng n giy, vi n l mt gi tr c nhp t bn phm
hoc t file bn ngoi.
Trong khi , vic xy dng cc phn mm bi ging li i hi cng c phi c tnh
m. V cch dy ca mi gio vin l khng ging nhau, nn bi ging phi cho php gio
vin t sa theo mnh c. Trong trng hp ny, k thut vin khng cn cch no khc
l phi la chn mt ngn ng lp trnh.

56

32

Mt khc, i vi nhng ngi bit lp trnh ri th dng ngn ng cng d chu hn

so vi dng Timeline. V d: c th sa i s liu mt cch d dng v chnh xc, c th
comment (vit li gii thch) cho cc on chng trnh, c th phn chia chng trnh ln
thnh cc module nh Vic thao tc vi cc dng code cng d dng hn so vi cc i
tng ha v Timeline. Code c th dng bt c chng trnh son tho vn no to lp
v sa i ch khng cn phi mt h thng s nh khi dng Timeline.
Tuy vy, dng Timeline cng c mt u im hn so vi ngn ng l tnh n nh, t
b li. Cn vic lp trnh nu khng cn thn th s c th sinh ra rt nhiu li. Do , trong
qu trnh pht trin th ngn ng th cng phi dn dn khc phc yu im ny.

4.2.3. Cu trc ngn ng

Violet Script 1.0, gn ging ngn ng Basic cc cu trc lnh v ngn ng C cu
trc chng trnh.
a) Chng trnh vit bng VS
Ging nh C, chng trnh VS bao gm cc hm, trong hm main s c gi
ngay khi bt u chy chng trnh.
function main
appear
end

Text, 8, 4, "Hello world"

Mt chng trnh con (mt hm, chc nng) s c khai bo nh sau:

function <tn hm> <cc tham s>
<lnh 1>
<lnh 2>
...
end

Trong tn chng trnh con khng c du cch (c th dng du gch chn "_" thay
cho du cch). Cc tham s th phi khai bo cch nhau bi du phy. C th xem thm cc v
d minh ha trong cc phn sau.
Khi gi chng trnh con, nu n thay i gi tr cc tham s th khi gi ta nn thm
du & vo pha trc tham s (ging c php ca ngn ng C). V d:
input_line
get_point

&ax, &ay, &bx, &by

&x, &y, x1, y1, angle, 2

b) Cc lnh n gin
Ngn ng VS cung cp cc loi lnh sau:

Cc lnh gn, v d a = 2; a = 10*5 + 1; b = a^2 + a + 1

Cc lnh c bn: v d lnh appear nh trong chng trnh trn

Cc lnh gi chng trnh con: c c php ging nh lnh c bn

57

32

c) Cc biu thc
Cc biu thc ton hc c th s dng trong v phi ca cc lnh gn, hoc lm tham
s ca cc lnh khc. Mt biu thc bao gm cc thnh phn:

Cc ton hng: gi tr s, bin s

Cc ton t: + , - , * , / , ^

Cc hm s: sin, cos, tg, cotg, arcsin, arccos, arctg, arccotg, abs, sqrt, ln

Cc du ngoc n"(" v ")"

V d tnh gc B ca tam gic ABC nu bit di 3 cnh AB, AC v BC, p dng

nh l hm s cos.
lenAB =
lenAC =
lenBC =
angleB =

2
3
4
arccos((lenAB^2 + lenBC^2 - lenAC^2)/(2*lenAB*lenBC))

d) Cc lnh c cu trc
Lnh iu kin
if <iu kin> then
<cc lnh>
end_if

Lnh lp
for <tn bin> from <cn di> to <cn trn> step <bc nhy>
<cc lnh>
next

e) Cc nhn
C th coi nhn l cc lnh c bit, c k hiu bi du ":" v tn nhn. Nhn dng
va nh du, va m t cc on lnh. Nhn thng c dng nh mt nh danh
c th truy cp (goto) n on lnh t bt k v tr no trong chng trnh.
V d:
function main
goto
:START
appear
wait_click
:ERASE
erase
wait_click
goto
end

ERASE
Text, 8, 4, "Hello world"
Paper
START

58

32

4.2.4. S dng Violet Script trong Violet

Violet Script khi ngun l mt ngn ng chy c lp, c th dng t xy dng
c cc bi ging hon chnh. Khi c kt hp vi cng c Violet, ngn ng ny thng
ch dng to mt on m phng ngn trn mt trang mn hnh, v vy nn n n gin
hn v d qun l hn. i vi ngi dng th va c c s linh hot ca ngn ng, li va
s dng c cc tnh nng d dng ca Violet nh to hiu ng, to cc bi tp,...
s dng VS trong Violet, vo mc son tho trang mn hnh, nhn nt Cng c,
mt menu hin ln, ta chn mc Lp trnh m phng. Mn hnh sau hin ra v ta c th
son tho trc tip chng trnh vo y.

Mn hnh son tho Script

Nu chng trnh c s dng cc i tng nh, hoc cc th vin m ngun t file
text, th sau khi vit xong, click vo nt "Tip tc", mn hnh sau hin ra:

Mn hnh nhp cc m ngun bn ngoi v cc i tng

59

32

Trong :
Khung pha trn cho php nhp cc file m ngun VS t file text bn ngoi. Thng
thng, Violet s cung cp sn mt s file th vin cc thao tc chun c th s dng c
lun. V d: th vin MathTools.vs cha cc lnh phc v cc bi ton hnh hc.
Ta cng c th vit m ngun VS cho m phng ca mnh ra file text bn ngoi, ri
nhp vo y, m khng cn phi vit g trong phn son tho m ngun trc . Cch lm
ny hay hn (v nn dng), v son tho file text bn ngoi s d dng hn l son trc tip
trong Violet. Nh trong hnh trn ta thy phn chng trnh v ng phn gic s nm trong
file Vephangiac.vs ch khng phi nm trong phn son tho Script ca Violet.
Khung pha di cho php nhp cc i tng hnh nh s c s dng trong phn
mm. Cc i tng ny c th ly t file SWF hoc file JPG. Tuy nhin, ch c file SWF
(lm bng Flash) th mi c th chnh c v tr no trn nh l v tr (0, 0). V d vi mt
nh chic bt ch, ta cn chnh sao cho ch u bt ch ch ng vo v tr (0, 0) trong Flash.
Khi , nu ta dch chuyn i tng bt ch ti v tr (x, y) th u bt ch s ch ng vo v
tr (x, y) . Cn nu s dng nh JPG, th v tr gc trn bn tri ca nh s ng vo v tr
(x, y) ch khng phi ch u bt ch.
Sau khi nhp xong chng trnh, cc file m ngun chun v cc file nh, ta nhn nt
"ng ". sa i m ngun hay cc thng tin khc, ta click p vo bt k i tng no
trong hot cnh m phng.

4.2.5. V d s dng VS m phng Hnh hc

a) Kh nng ca ngn ng
Hin ti, chng ti cung cp sn mt file m ngun chun cha cc thao tc dng
hnh c bn nh v ng thng bng thc k, v ng trn bng compa, ct ghp a gic
v.v... l C:\Program Files\Platin Violet\Lecture\vpScript\Common\Mathtool.vs
V vy, trong mn Hnh hc, ngn ng Violet Script s h tr nhiu trong cc loi
cng vic sau:

V hnh trn mn hnh ha (on thng, ng trn, th,)

S dng cc i tng c sn trong th vin (v d vi mn hnh hc c: compa,

thc k, bt, ty, -ke, thc o , giy mu, dao ct), v m phng hot
ng ca tng i tng ny.

X l cc tng tc vi ngi dng (nhn chut, ko th, nhp t bn phm,)

60

32

b) Cc ng dng
Hin ti chng ti cung cp sn th vin hnh nh v cc on chng trnh c bn
dng cho mn Hnh hc, vi phm vi ng dng l cp THCS. Phn ny s ch yu tp trung
vo Hnh hc clit, bao gm cc loi bi ton nh sau:

Bi ton v hnh v x l tng tc vi ngi dng

Bi ton dng hnh bng cc dng c dng hnh thng dng

Bi ton ct ghp hnh (m phng vic ct ghp cc mnh giy mu)

Bi ton qu tch v v th hm s

c) V d
V d m t mt bi ton dng hnh: v trung trc ca mt on thng c ngi
dng nhp vo khi chy chng trnh. Kch bn ca on m phng ny nh sau:
-

Ngi dng nhn chut xc nh im th nht, nhn tip chut xc nh

im th hai

nh du v k hiu hai im A, B va nhp

M phng vic dng thc k v bt ch v mt on thng gia hai im AB

Xut hin mt compa v a compa vo v tr ca im A

M rng compa (khong cch 2 u compa bng khong 2/3 AB)

Quay compa mt na vng trn (cung hng vo im B). Trong khi quay compa
th cung trn cng s c v theo, nt v phi mnh v nht th hin y ch l
v nhp.

a compa n im B

Quay compa mt na vng trn (cung hng vo im A)

Dng thc k v bt ch v mt on thng i qua 2 giao im ca 2 cung

trn, di ca on thng ny l mt gi tr hp l. chnh l ng trung trc
ca on thng AB.

nh du im M l giao im ca ng trung trc vi on thng AB

K hiu gc M vung

K hiu M l trung im ca AB

Xa cc nt cung trn v

Ta s m ha kch bn m phng trn thnh ngn ng VS nh sau:

61

32

function main
appear
input_line
disappear
appear
appear
create_line
radius =
get_angle

Text, 8.25, 0.5, "Hy v mt on thng", 2

&ax, &ay, &bx, &by
Text
Point, ax, ay, "A", below
Point, bx, by, "B", below
ax, ay, bx, by
sqrt((ax-bx)^2 + (ay-by)^2) / 3 * 2
&angle, ax, ay, bx, by

set_paper
appear
move
call
rotate_compa
move
rotate_compa
disappear

Draft
Compa
Compa, ax, ay, angle-90
Compa.OpenCompa, radius
Compa, radius, angle+90
Compa, bx, by, angle+90
Compa, radius, angle+270
Compa

mx =
my =
angle =
get_point

(ax + bx) / 2
(ay + by) / 2
angle + 90
&cx, &cy, mx, my, angle, 4

set_paper
create_line
appear
note_angle
note_edge
note_edge

Paper
cx, cy, 2 * mx
Point, mx, my,
0, "", bx, by,
0, "", ax, ay,
0, "", mx, my,

- cx, 2 * my - cy
"M", leftbelow
mx, my, cx, cy
mx, my
bx, by

end

Lu : Mt n v tnh trong Violet Script c quy nh mc nh l 40 pixel,

rng ca mn hnh hin th l 660x460 pixel, tc l khong 16.5x11.5 n v.
Chng trnh ny s dng cc thao tc dng hnh chun (trong file Mathtool.vs) v
cc i tng hnh nh: thc k, bt ch, compa. V vy, sau khi son xong chng trnh, ta
phi khai bo cc d liu ny nh sau:

62

32

Nhn nt ng , ta s c on m phng dng ng trung trc ca mt on

thng bt k c nhp vo t con chut (nhn, ko v th).

M phng v ng trung trc bng compa, thc k, bt ch

C th thy vic vit mt chng trnh m phng nh trn ch n gin l m ha 1:1
kch bn m phng thnh ngn ng VS.
R rng vic to bi ging Hnh hc bng ngn ng VS s n gin hn nhiu so vi
cc ngn ng lp trnh khc. V d nu s dng C/C++ th to mt bi ging, c th phi
vit chng trnh di n hng nghn dng lnh v hng chc file d liu, cn nu dng ngn
ng VS th ch cn vi chc dng lnh v mt vi file d liu.

4.2.1. Cc i tng v lnh trong VS

a) Cc i tng v lnh x l i tng
Trong th vin ca trnh thng dch VS mn Hnh hc c cc loi i tng hnh nh
nh sau:
Tn i tng

ng dng

Hnh nh

Point
(im)

K hiu im trn hnh v

Ruler
(thc k)

S dng lm vt k v cc on
thng

63

32

Compa
(compa)

Dng v cc hnh trn hoc cung

trn

Pencil
(bt ch)

Dng v on thng hoc cc

ng th

Protractor
(thc o gc)

Dng xc nh gc trong vic v

gc

TSquare
(-ke)

Dng v on thng vung gc vi

mt on thng c sn

Measurer
(thc o)

Dng o cnh hoc gc

Burin
(dao ct)

Dng ct cc a gic

C hnh dng l thc k hoc

thc o gc ty ngi s dng

s dng cc loi i tng ca VS cng nh cc i tng c np t bn ngoi,

ngn ng VS cung cp cc lnh sau:
Tn lnh

Tham s

Tc dng

appear
xut_hin

Tn i tng
Ta ca i tng

To lp v cho xut hin mt i

tng ti v tr X, Y vi cc tham s
c th ty theo loi i tng.

disappear
bin_mt

Tn mt (hoc nhiu) i
tng

Lm cho cc i tng bin mt (m

dn ri mt hn)

move
dch_chuyn

Tn i tng
Ta mi (x, y)
Gc quay i tng

Va dch chuyn va quay i tng

ti v tr mi v gc quay mi. Nu
khng nhp gc quay th gc quay
mc nh l 0.

64

32

V d di y s m phng vic v mt im bng bt ch

function main
appear Pencil
move Pencil, 5, 5
appear Point, 5, 5, A
delay 12
disappear Pencil
end

//
//
//
//
//

Xut hin thc k v tr (0,0)

a bt ch v tr (5, 5)
Xut hin im A v tr (5, 5)
Tm dng 1 giy
Lm bin mt bt ch

M phng v mt im bng bt ch
b) Cc lnh x l a gic
Tn lnh

Tham s

Tc dng

polygon
a_gic

Tn a gic
V tr a gic
Ta cc im ca a gic

To mt a gic

clip
ct

Ta ca 2 im bt k nm
trn ng thng ct

Ct tt c cc a gic trn mn hnh

theo mt ng thng

unify
hp

Tn a gic
Tn cc a gic s c hp
vo a gic u tin

Hp nhiu a gic thnh mt i

tng

flip
lt

Tn a gic

Lt mt a gic qua trc tung

Phn v d di y l mt chng trnh hon chnh, thc hin vic ct v ghp cc

gc ca mt tam gic chng minh tng ca chng bng 180. Khi chy, ngi dng s xc
nh cc ng ct qua gc th nht v ng ct qua gc th hai, sau mi ln ct th cc mu
ct s c ghp vo ng v tr cn thit.
function main
polygon
input_line
cut_polygon
move
input_line
cut_polygon

Tamgiac, 8, 6, 0x7F7FFF, -1, -3, 3, 1, -3, 1

&px1, &py1, &px2, &py2
px1, py1, px2, py2
Tamgiac2, 4, 4, -180
&px1, &py1, &px2, &py2
px1, py1, px2, py2

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end

move

Tamgiac12, 10, 4, 180

M phng ct mt gc ca hnh tam gic bng dao ct

c) Cc lnh ha
Tn lnh

Tham s

Tc dng

erase

Tn i tng cn xa

Xa ni dung ca i tng

circle

Ta ca tm
Bn knh ng trn

V ng trn bit tm v bn knh.

line

Ta 2 im u mt

V on thng qua 2 im

note_angle
k_hiu_gc

Kiu nh du
Gi tr k hiu
Ba im hoc 3 ta im

nh du gc v k hiu gi tr ca
gc

note_edge
k_hiu_cnh

Kiu nh du
Gi tr k hiu
Hai im hoc 2 ta im

nh du cnh v k hiu gi tr ca
cnh

attach_pen

i tng
Ta im c gn bt

Gn vo i tng mt im, m khi

thay i v tr ca i tng th im
ny s lu li vt

detach_pen

i tng

G b im gn ra khi i tng

V d v tam gic qua 3 im (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3) vi y k hiu cnh gc
function ShowTriangle x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3
poly_line
x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x1,
set_paper
Paper, 2, 0x003FBF
note_edge
2, "value", x2, y2, x1, y1
note_edge
1, "value", x3, y3, x2, y2
note_edge
0, "value", x1, y1, x3, y3
note_angle
0, "value", x2, y2, x1, y1,
note_angle
2, "value", x3, y3, x2, y2,
note_angle
1, "value", x1, y1, x3, y3,
end
function main
ShowTriangle
end

2, 7, 7, 7, 3.5, 4

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y1

x3, y3
x1, y1
x2, y2

d) Cc lnh phc v tnh ton trong hnh hc phng

Tn lnh

Tham s

Tc dng

get_point
ly_im

Ta ca kt qu
Ta ca im gc
Gc
Khong cch R

Chuyn t ta cc
sang ta -cc (tnh
ta ca im bit R
v trong h ta
cc)

get_angle
ly_gc

Gc (kt qu)
Ta ca im
Ta ca im gc
Kiu v on thng

Ly gc (trong h ta
cc) t ta ca
mt im so vi im
gc

get_perpendicular

Ta im kt qu
Ta im
Ta ca hai im nm trn ng
thng

Tnh v tr ca chn
ng vung gc h t
mt im xung mt
ng thng

get_intersection1

Ta im kt qu
Tnh giao im gia hai
Ta 2 im trn ng thng th nht ng thng
Ta 2 im trn ng thng th hai

get_intersection2

Ta im kt qu th 1
Ta im kt qu th 2
Ta 2 im trn ng thng
Ta tm ng trn
Bn knh ng trn

Tnh hai giao im ca

mt ng thng v mt
ng trn

e) Cc lnh ch i
Tn lnh

Tham s

Tc dng

delay
tr

Thi gian tr

Dng (tr) mt khong thi gian

wait_click
i_nhn

Tn cc nt ha ang
ch c nhn

i cho n khi ngi dng click vo nt

ha trn mn hnh. Nu lnh khng c
tham s ngha l ch n khi nhn nt
Next v nt Back.
Cc nt ha c th c np t file
ngoi bng lnh load_movie

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f) Cc lnh phc v x l tng tc

Tn lnh

Tham s

Tc dng

set_drag
ko_th

i tng cn thao tc
Thao tc (true) hay khng
(false)

Thit lp mt i tng l c th ko th
c hay khng

input_line
nhp_on

Ta 2 im u mt
on thng

Nhp mt on thng (2 im) bng cch

nhn vo ko chut

input_point

Ta im

Nhp mt im bng cch nhn chut

input_data

Tiu hp nhp
Tiu v tham s th 1
Tiu v tham s th 2
...

Hin ra mt hp thoi cho php nhp mt

hoc nhiu tham s t bn phm

g) Cc lnh iu khin h thng

Tn lnh

Tham s

Tc dng

parallel
song_song

Khng

Thit lp ch thc hin cc lnh l

song song

sequence
tun_t

Khng

Thit lp ch thc hin cc lnh l

tun t

fscommand

Lnh (command)
Tham s (param)

Thc hin lnh fscommand ca Flash

Action Script.

h) Cc lnh trong th vin Hnh hc (MathTools.vs)

create_line x1, y1, x2, y2: M phng v mt on thng bng thc k v bt ch t

im (x1, y1) n im (x2, y2)

create_corner x1, y1, angle, len: M phng v mt gc bng thc o , thc k,

bt ch. u tin a thc o n v tr ca ng nm ngang, tm thc l (x1,
y1), ly mt im gc angle, ri k t tm i qua im mt on c di l len.

rotate_compa Compa, radius, angle: Quay i tng Compa mt gc angle t v tr

hin ti, cn radius l m ca Compa (phi ging nh lnh call Compa.Open,
trc )

create_arc x1, y1, radius, start, end: M phng v mt cung trn tm (x1, y1), bn
knh radius (c xc nh bng compa v thc k), t gc start n gc end.

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cut_polygon x1, y1, x2, y2: M phng ct bng dao ct i vi tt c cc hnh a gic
c to bng lnh polygon

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