Magnetic earth

M.K.MISHRA

 EARTH is a simple BAR MAGNET

TERM OF EARTH
The Earth rotates around an imaginary line that joins the 'true north' and 'true south' poles that we call the Earth's Axis or the 'Geographical Meridian'. The line joining the magnetic north and magnetic south is inclined at an angle to the true axis line. The axis line for the geographical true north/south is called the geographical meridian and the axis line joining the magnetic north/south is called the magnetic meridian. The angle between them is called the magnetic declination.

TERM OF EARTH
Lines of latitude or parallels are drawn parallel to the equator (shown in red) as circles that span the Earth's surface These parallels are measure in degrees (). There are 90 angular degrees of latitude from the equator to each of the poles. The equator has an assigned value of 0.

 Lines of longitude or meridians are circular arcs that meet at the poles. There are 180 of longitude either side of a starting meridian which is known the Prime Meridian.
The Prime Meridian has a designated value of 0. Measurements of longitude are also defined as being either west or east of the Prime Meridian.

 Compass directions can be described by using either the azimuth system or the bearing system. The azimuth system calculates direction in degrees of a full circle. A full circle has 360 degrees In the azimuth system, north has a direction of either the 0 or 360 East and west have an azimuth of 90 and 270, respectively. Due south has an azimuth of 180.