Problem: A refrigeration plant of 28 kW (8 ton) capacity has its evaporation

temperature -80C and condenser temperature of 300C.The refrigerant , R-12 is

sub-cooled 50C before entering the expansion valve and the vapour is
superheated 60C before leaving the evaporator coil. The compression of the
refrigerant is isentropic and there is a suction pressure drop of 0.2 bar and
discharge pressure drop of 0.1 bar. Determine the C.O.P. of the plant, theoretical
piston displacement/min and the heat removed in the condenser.

Solution: Refer the figure of the processes

Refrigerating effect = h1’ – h4 = h1 – h4 = 352 – 224 = 182 kJ/kg

Process 1-2 is the isentropic compression processes s1 = s2 = 1.58 kJ/kg

Processes 2-2’ is throttling process so h2 = h2’

Thus the compression work = h2’ – h1 = h2 – h1 = h2 –h1 = 376 – 352 = 24 kJ/kg

Hence C.O.P. = Refrigeration effectCompression work = 5.33

Quantity of refrigerant circulating/min for a refrigerating effect of 28 kW

M refrigerant = 28 ×30Refrigerating effect/kg = 13.125 kg/min

Also specific volume is read from the chart as 0.08 m3/kg

Therefore suction volume = theoretical piston displacement

= mrefrigerant × v1 = 13.125 × 0.08 = 1.05 m3/min

Heat rejected in the condenser/kg

= h2 – h1 = 376 – 224 = 152 kJ/kg

Problem: The barometer for atmospheric air reads 750 mm Hg ; the dry bulb
temperature is 330C ; wet bulb temperature is 230C. Determine the relative
humidity and humidity ratio.

Solution: Partial pressure of vapour is given by

Pv1 = psw – pb-psw(td-tw)1527.4-1.3tw

Pv1 = partial pressure of vapour at dry bulb temperature td1 = 33oC, i.e. at point 1

Psw = saturation pressure corresponding to wet bulb temperature tw = 23oC

From table corresponding to 230C saturation pressure is 21.06 mm of Hg

Therefore Pv1 = 21.6 – 750-21.06(33-23)1527.4-1.3 ×23

Pv1 = 16.19 mm of Hg

Pv4 = ps1 = saturation pressure corresponding to dry bulb temperature = 33oC.

From table corresponding to 330C saturation pressure is 37.72 mm of Hg

Relative Humidity = Φ = pv1ps1 = 0.4292

Humidity ratio = 0.622 × pv1ps1-pv1 = 0.622 × 16.19750-16.19 = 0.0137

kg/kg of dry air.