Systema Nervosum II

Blood Brain Barier

S Struktur unik sistem vaskular otak. S Tersusun dr: sel endotel yg berikatan di kapiler otak dan

sel yg melapisi ventriculus otak

S Fs: proteksi, transportasi substansi khusus, mencegah

radikal bebas

Struktur Otak

Encephalon

Prosencephalon

S Telencephalon/Cerebrum
S Hemispherium cerebri S Ganglia basalis S Hippocampus

S Diencephalon
S Epithalamus (Corpus

pinealis) melatonin
S Thalamus S Hypothalamus S Infundibulum

# Terdapat ventriculus lateralis dextra et sinistra, ventriculus tertius

- Diencephalon Nucleus di Thalamus

S S

Nucleus di Hypothalamus
S

Nucleus ventroposterolateral Nucleus ventroposteromedial

Pars Opticus S Ncl. supraopticus ADH S Ncl. paraventricularis oksi Pars Membralis S Ncl. ventromedial vatietas S Ncl. dorsomedia TD, N, GIT S Ncl. tuberalis lapar, haus Pars Mamilaris lat,med

S
S S

Corpus geniculatum lateral

Corpus geniculatum medial Nucleus anterior

- Hypophysis Cerebri -

Batas: S Superior diafragma sellae S Inferior corpus ossis sphenoidalis, sinus sphenoidalis S Lateral Sinus cavernosus S Posterior dorsum sellae, A.basilaris, pons Pembagian: 1 adenohyphophysis 2 neurohypophysis

- Hypophysis Cerebri -

Adenohypophysis
S Sel somatotrof GH S Sel mamototrof LTH,

Neurohypophysis
S Struktur: S S S

Neuralis Emminentia mediana Sulcus infundibularis

prolactin
S Sel tirotrof TSH

S Sel gonadotrophin FSH, LH

S Sel corticotrophin CTH

S Sel hiring

- Hypophysis Cerebri -

Sistem porta hypothalamo-hypophysis

Vaskularisasi
S A. hypophysialis superior et inferior S Cabang A. carotis interna S Vena yg bermuara sinus intercavernosa

Mesencephalon
S Pedunculus cerebri
S Crus cerebri S Tegmentum mesencephaly

S Tectum mesencephaly (corpora quadrigeminal)

S Colliculus superior S Colliculus inferior

S Substantia nigra (pars reticularis, pars compacta) S Nucleus ruber S Formatio reticularis S Aquaeductus cerebri/mesencephaly

Rhombencephalon

S Pons varolli
S Metencenpahlon/Cerebellu

m
S Myelencephalon/Medulla

Oblongata

# Terdapat ventriculus quartus dan canalis centralis

- Cerebellum -

S Pedunculus cerebellum
S Superior S Media/brachium pontis S Inferior

S Fissura
S Prima S Horizontalis S Secunda

S Lobus cerebellum
S Anterior (I-V) S Posterior (VI-IX) S Flocculo-nodularis (X)

S Flocculonodularis

- Cerebellum Pembagian secara filogenetik

S Archicerebellum/vestibulocerebellar

ncl. Fastigii, lb flocculonodullaris T.O. truncus, keseimbangan, postur

S Paleocerebellum/spinocerebellar ncl. Interpositus anterior/emboliformis et posterior/globossus,

lobus anterior T.O. ekstremitas prox, proprioseptif, eksteroseptif

S Neocerebellum/cerebrocerebellar (MANUSIA)

ncl. Dentatus, lobus posterior koordinasi ekstremitas distal perhalus gerakan

Liquor Cerebro Spinalis

LCS

Faktor yg mempertahankan LCS:

S Gradien tekanan kapiler plexus choroideus dg sistem

vena
S Perubahan tekanan venosa

LCS punksi lumbal, punksi occipital, punksi ventriculer

Fs: suport jar. Saraf, gerak rotasi kepala yg mendadak

Sistem Ventriculus Otak

S Ventriculus lateralis S Besar S Foramen interventriculare/Monroe S Ventriculus tertius S Aqueductus cerebri/Sylvius S Ventriculus quartus S Appertura mediana/Magendi, appertura lateralis/Luschka, canalis centralis spatium subarachnoidea

Sistem Cysterna Subarachnoidea

S Cysterna cerebellomedullary

S Cysterna pontocerebellar
S Cysterna interpeduncullar S Cysterna chiasmatica S Cysterna pericallosa S Cysterna quadrigeminal S Cysterna ambiens S Cysterna lumbalis

Aliran LCS

Plexus choroideus di ventrikulus lateralis (sel epitel choroid) foramen interventrikulare ventrikulus tertius aqueductus cerebri ventrikulus quartus appertura mediana dan appertura lateralis spasium subarachnoidea cysterna subarachnoidea granulationes arachnoidea sistem vena