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APA
APA
APA (American Psychological Association)
publication manualAPA
2009 7
Publication manual
of the American Psychological Association
12345
6
APA
APA
23 40
running
head
50
APA
abstract 150-250
251 252
Excel MP3
quotationparaphrasing
Razik (1995)
Conway, 1993
2
APA
Kessler 2003
APA 174 192
90
90 90
and
90 90
APA
et al.
84
84
84 84
WassersteinZappulaRosenGerstman Rock (1994)
(Wasserstein, Zappula, Rosen, Gerstman, & Rock,
1994)
et al.
and
&
APA
[] 87
87
[] 87 87
anonymous
84 84
83 83
anonymous
(Anonymous, 1998)
87
83 84a 84b
84-a-b
APA
trans.
(Aristotle, 1842/1945)
APA
APA
180 224
21st century
education Twenty-first century education
Hewlett, L. S. (1996)
Hewlett, L. S. (1999)
Razik, T. A. (1991)
Razik, T. A. , & Lin, T. -Y. (1995)
APA
meta-analysis
50
*
APA 1
234
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6
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101112
2009
1
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2(digital object identifier[DOI]
4 8
8
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6 1
5
6
1. A 7
96
3 19-44
2. B 8
98
61-40
3. C
4. A DOI 7
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title
of Periodical, xx(xx), xxx-xxx. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx
APA
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title
of Periodical. Advance online publication. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (in press). Title of article.
Title of Periodical. Retrieved from http://xxx.xxx.xxx
90 2
614-16
10
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11. B
99 2
128 http://www.commonhealth.
com.tw/
12. A
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year, Month). Article title. Magazine
Title, xxx, xx-xx.
98
98 7
http://www.ntcu. edu.tw/secr/norm/new//
14 .pdf
15.
Six Sites Meet, 2006
Article title. (Year, Month). Newsletter source. Retrieved from
http://xxx.xxx. xxx
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6
17. B
99 3 9
http://udn.com/NEWS/main.
html
18.
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19. A
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Article title. Newspaper Title, pp.
xx-xx.
96
12
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22 B
98
911-162
23. A
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Ed.s). (Year). Article title [Special
issue]. Journal Title. xx(xx).
98
1624-13
26. DOI
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Article title [Monograph].
Journal Title, xx(xx), xx-xx. doi: xx.xxxxxxxxxx
96
STS
55-8
13
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28.
Editorial: Article title [Editorial]. (Year). Journal Title, xx(xx), xx-xx.
DOI
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Article title [Supplemental
material]. Journal Title, xx(xx), xx-xx. doi: xx.xxxxxxxxxx
1. A
14
APA
81
2. B
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
2004
Apabi Reader
http://tmue.lib.apabi.com/List.asp?lang=big5
3. C
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
4. D
70751
6
5. E
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
93
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http://search.nioerar.edu.tw/
edu_paper/data_image/g0000306/92n0/20041100/p000
0001.pdf
6. F
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7. G
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8. H
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APA
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
http://ap6.pccu.
edu.tw/Dictionary/words.asp?no=5500
9. A
1996
87
EasyM. H.
McCormack
1996
10. B
89
R. G. Owens
11. A
New York, NY Boston, MA
Author, A. A. (Year). Book title. Location: Publisher.
APA
13. C doi
Author, A. A. (Year). Book title. Retrieved from http://xxx.xxx. xxx
17
APA
17. G
Author, A. A. (Year). Chapter title. In B. B. Author (Series Ed.). Series
Title: Volume title (pp. xx-xx). doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx
APA
1. A
xxx
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2. B
xxx
81
F0033518
3. A
Institute. (year). Report title (Rep. No.). Location: Publisher.
APA
20
APA
Author, A. A. (Year). Report title (Rep. No.). Retrieved from http:// xxx.
xxx.xxx
1. A
84 4
2. B
2008 10
2008
3. A
Author, A. A. (Year, Month). Title of contribution. In B. B. Chairperson
21
APA
APA
1. A
97
097TMTC5212002
2. B
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
97
http://163.21.239.2.autorpa.
tmue.edu.tw:81/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/tmtcgsweb.cgi?o=dtmtcc
dr
3. C
88
4. A
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of doctoral dissertation or maters thesis
(Doctoral dissertation or master's thesis). Available from Name of
database. (Accession or order No.)
McNiel, D. S. (2006). Meaning through narrative: A personal
APA
APA
1. A
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
96
D. Stone
25
119-129
97 5 9
D. Stone
http://socio.com.tw/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1616
2. B
http://www.www.www
96
vs.
http://mail.tku.edu.tw/ cfshih/seminar/20070819.htm
3. A
Reviewer, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of review [Review of the book
Title of book, by A. A. Author]. Title of complete work, xx, xxx-xxx.
APA
APA
CD
1.
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76
DVD
2.
94
3.
CD
4.
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
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http://maps.google.com.tw/
5. A(DVD )
Producer, A. A. (Producer). (Year). Title of DVD [DVD]. Available from
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
APA
shrinkrapradio.com/
7. C
Writer, A. A. (Writer), & Director, B, B. (Director). (Year). Title of
episode (Television series episode). In Executive producer, C. C.
(Executive producer), Title of television series. Location: Studio.
Lewis Country
Geographic
Information
Services.
(Cartographer). (2002). Population density, 2000 U. S.
Census
[Demographic map].
Retrieved
from
http://www.co.lewis.wa.us/publicworks/maps/Demogra
phics/census-pop-dens_2000.pdf
1.
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APA
3.
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
4.
5.
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of data file [Description of content]. Retrieved
from http://xxx.xxx.xxx
producer.
APA
Canada: SR Research.
ERIC
1.
98
2.
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
93
http://www.edu.ndhu.edu.tw/note/notebook/93-1
/sch1-1_(08)931225.pdf
3. A
Author, A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of unpublished manuscript.
Unpublished manuscript, Name of University, Location.
Blackwell, E., & Conrod, P. J. (2003). A five-dimensional
measure of drinking motives. Unpublished manuscript,
Department of Psychology, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
4. B
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of manuscript. Manuscript
submitted for publication.
30
APA
6.
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work. Retrieved from http://xxx.xxx.xxx
1. A
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2. B
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9. A
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). [Letter to Addressee]. Name of
Repository (Call, Box or File No.), Location.
32
APA
11. C
Allport, G. W.
19030-1967, Allport to E. G. Boring, March1, 1939
Author, A. A. (Year-Year). Correspondence. Title of File (File No.).
Name of Archive, Location.
33
APA
15. D
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Interview by B. B. Interviewer [Tape
recording]. Description of Work. Name of Archive, Location.
34
APA
19. H
[Photograph of Name]. (Year). File Name (File No.), Name of Archive,
Location..
1. A
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
99 8 26
http://discuss.tvbs.com.tw/
discuss_manager/DISCUSS_detail.asp?w=&opt=1&rd
=1&P=1&K=0&discuss=A81510120021105235346&ti
tle=20100826214811-219.84.180.33&win=
2. B
99 8 21
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
489
http://mail.tmue.edu.tw/cgi-bin/
openwebmail/openwebmail-read.pl?sessionid=tyl*mail
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BOX&page=1&longpage=0&sort=date_rev&msgdatet
ype=sentdate&keyword=&searchtype=subject&messag
e_id=%3C20100827013645.869B0FF41%40tmue.edu.t
w%3E&action=readmessage&headers=simple&attmod
e=simple&db_chkstatus=1
3. C
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
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35
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le?mid=2354&next=2327&l=f&fid=49
4. D
http://xxx.xxx.xxx
any296 97 4 6
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v=-XaB3SHSyPg&feature=related
5. A
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of post [Description of form].
Retrieved from http://xxx.xxx.xxx
36
APA
883001 89 3 16
2.
94 12 18
3.
7
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4.
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5.
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6.
Name vs. Name, Volume Source Page (Court Date).
1
APA
38
APA
39
APA
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Canal Zone
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of
Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
AL
AK
AS
AZ
AR
CA
CZ
CO
CT
DE
DC
FL
GA
GU
HI
ID
IL
IN
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
MO
MT
NE
NV
NH
NJ
NM
NY
NC
ND
OH
OK
OR
PA
PR
RI
SC
SD
TN
40
APA
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
IA
KS
KY
LA
ME
MD
MA
MI
MN
MS
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
TX
UT
VT
VA
VI
WA
WV
WI
WY
APA
APA
125-167
247-253
1
2
3
45APA
41
APA
1.
1
2
3
4
5
6
2.
3.
continued
42
APA
Table 1
Error Rates of Older and Younger Groups
Table 1
Error Rates of Older and Younger Groups
(continued)
4.
1
2a n1 = 25.
n2 = 32.
3
4*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.
two-tailed testone-tailed
*+
*p <. 05.+p < .05. ()
5.
1 Note
2
a n1 = 25. n2 = 32.
From Adapted from
3 *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.
two-tailed test
43
APA
one-tailed*+
*p <. 05, two-tailed. +p < .05, one-tailed.
6. A
90
42 111
87 23-24
APA
10.APA ANOVA
df F p
B SE B
125-149
1
2
n = 209
M
SD
95%CI
4.18
1.32
[4.00, 4.36]
3.80
1.41 [3.61, 3.99]
3.57
1.43 [3.38, 3.77]
M
3.89
3.65
3.36
n = 362
SD
95% CI
1.33
[3.75, 4.03]
1.40
[3.51, 3.80]
1.39
[3.21, 3.50]
CI =
2
3
79
45
APA
3
4
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
90
48118
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1.
.83*
.54*
.61*
.76*
.81*
.56*
2.
.49*
.82*
.75*
.82*
.75*
3.
.38
.56*
.56*
.45*
4.
.75*
.76*
.75*
5.
.88*
.66*
6.
.72*
7.
96
30(1)17
*p < .05. **p < .01
46
APA
5
1
2
.83*
3
.54*
4
.61*
5
.76*
M
1.31
SD
4.32
.76*
.49*
.82*
.75*
2.24
1.07
.55*
.53*
.38
.56*
16.25
4.37
.71*
.73*
.58*
.75*
4.89
3.54
.70*
.70*
.51*
.67**
1.27
0.98
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.50
9.47
24.69
34.33
25.57
SD
3.84
7.56
12.44
12.60
7.61
n = 22
n = 688 96
30(1)17
*p < .05. **p < .01
47
APA
6t
7
M
SD
2.79
3.60
3.58
0.89
0.83
0.82
M
SD
2.61
3.13
3.26
t(34)
0.66
1.18
0.62
1.61
1.91
1.88
95% CI
LL
UL
.12 -0.06
.06 -0.05
.10 -0.08
Cohens
d
0.42
0.38
0.70
0.72
0.85
0.75
df
A
S
AS
S within-group
error
2
1
2
30
0.76
0.01
0.18
(16.48)
3.27**
0.93
2.64*
0.58
.22
.02
.11
.48
.92
.84
B
4
.31
.01
BA
8
.24
.49
BS
4
.28
.04
BA S
8
.19
.79
B S
within-group
error
120
(1.31)
S subjects The Relation of Drive
to Finger-Withdraw Conditioning, by M. F. Elias, 1965, Journal of
experimental Psychology, 70, p. 114.
*p < .05. **p < .01
48
APA
8
9
B
SE B
R2
R2
F
0.84
0.17
0.28***
.13
.13
35.07***
-0.01
0.00
-0.27***
.21
.07
22.17***
0.28
0.28
0.18***
.25
.04
10.21***
0.13
-0.27
0.17***
.28
.03
9.11**
2
R =.285n=3,489
97--
153
**p < .01. ***p < .001
9
10
.918
-.023
.153
.905
-.018
.226
.891
.026
.254
-.003
.910
.138
-.006
.868
.052
.006
.852
.136
.233
.136
.853
.203
.163
.789
.423
.090
.724
-.008
.344
.109
-.041
.392
.076
.026
.465
.280
.031
.133
.207
-.048
.126
.156
.391
.007
.137
>.400
49
-.025
-.007
.022
.234
.258
.307
.163
.159
.023
.844
.833
.585
.199
.279
-.195
.077
.064
.045
.085
.090
.095
.167
.308
.096
.150
.155
.070
.865
.851
.637
APA
10
11
n =154
2
281.89
53.81
25.78
df
27
27
24
p>.05
.00
.00
.09
2/df<3
10.44
1.99
1.07
RMSEA<.05
.21
.07
.00
GFI >.9
.76
.94
.99
AGFI>.9
.20
.90
.98
NFI >.9
.55
.90
.92
NNFI >.9
.44
.93
.98
CFI >.9
.58
.95
.99
IFI >.9
.59
.95
.99
PNFI>.5
.45
.56
.65
PGFI>.5
.41
.56
.53
ECVI
1.59
0.45
0.33
AIC
317.89
89.81
47.78
CAIC
395.26
167.18
138.05
96
38(3)238
1. 1 1-1
50
APA
4. Note.
5.
1
1
97
2(2)178
*p < .05. ***p < .001
2
1
97
2(2)178
*p < .05. ***p < .001
51
APA
-.01(.11)
.22(.12)
.19(.17)
(.12)
.14(.25)
.02(.02)
R2=.19(.29)
.41(.23)
R2=.17(.11)
.01(.06)
.05(.12)
52
APA
-.01(.11)
.22(.12)
.02(.02)
.19(.17)
(.12)
.14(.25)
R2=.19(.29)
.41(.23)
R2=.17(.11)
.01(.06)
.05(.12)
116-124
0
1 00.120.96
53
APA
0.00015
0.00011
114
p p = .031 p
< .05 p < .01 p < .001
1,002.1324
114
1. ANOVA
GLMlog
2. V
3. NMdftF
p 95%
CI 116-122
p p .05
1. M = 12.31, SD = 3.52
2. F (1,43) = 7.36, p = .006, 95% CI [.13, .37]
3. Fs (3, 124) = 78.32, 25.37,, ps = .122, .247
54
APA
APA
APA
1.
2.
3.
4.
1. (hyphen)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. Times New Roman
55
APA
12
12
56
APA
DOI
6
6
6
et al.
7
8
6
1
57
APA
ANOVA
p
( p =.03)
p < .05
95%
APA
58
APA
59