MODULE 05

Case Study: SAP B Modellin"

!ata

Product SAP Netweaver Release 2004s Level Undergraduate Beginner Focus BW Data Modeling Author Paul Hawking Robert ovanovi! Version "#0

MOTIVATION
The Global Bike Company has developed a data model to support sales Time 120 min planning and reporting. They are ready to create meta data structures that will underpin the storage of data and reporting. ou have been employed as a data warehouse developer at the company. ou has been given the task to create an !nfoCube which will be loaded with data and used for reporting in later e"ercises. #any of the structures which are re$uired already e"ist in the B% system. ou will need to perform a gap analysis about what already e"ists and those that need to be created.

PREREQUISITES
&e$uired Business Content has been activated and appropriate authori'ations have been implemented.

HINTS
This case study was created using ()*G+! ,10 *atch ,- !. ,.0- B." B!/ )ddon ,.0 (*1-

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SAP BW Data Modelling

Tas#: Create an InfoCube, DataStore Object and necessary InfoObjects.

Time 120 min

Short Description: You will create various InfoObjects c!aracteristics and "ey fi#ures$ to reflect t!e data contained wit! t!e data model. Data %ar#ets Data Store Object and InfoCube$ will t!en be created to store t!e loaded data. In addition structures Info&reas and InfoCatalo#s$ will be created to or#anise t!e InfoObjects and Data %ar#ets.

Table of Contents
Creating an B% #eta2b3ects................................................................................................................................................1 Business Content...............................................................................................................................................................4 Creating an !nfo)rea ........................................................................................................................................................4 Creating !nfo2b3ect Catalogs ...............................................................................................................................................5 ."ercise 1 Creating !nfo2b3ects ....................................................................................................................................10 6aming Conventions...................................................................................................................................................10 (olution 1.1 / Creating 7ey 8igures....................................................................................................................................19 Type:unit Tab...............................................................................................................................................................11 )ggregation Tab..........................................................................................................................................................1; )dditional *roperties Tab............................................................................................................................................14 (olution 1.2 / Creating Characteristic !nfo2b3ects..............................................................................................................1< General Tab.................................................................................................................................................................15 Business ."plorer Tab.................................................................................................................................................20 #aster data:te"ts Tab...................................................................................................................................................21 =ierarchy Tab..............................................................................................................................................................22 )ttributes Tab..............................................................................................................................................................2; Compounding Tab.......................................................................................................................................................24 6avigational )ttributes................................................................................................................................................25 (ummary of %orkshop........................................................................................................................................................90 ."ercise 2 Creating !nfo*roviders .....................................................................................................................................91 (olution 2.1 / >ata (tore 2b3ects ?>(2@.............................................................................................................................91 (olution 2.2 / !nfoCubes ....................................................................................................................................................94 Creating an !nfoCube and >efining >imensions.............................................................................................................9< )ssigning Characteristics to >imensions........................................................................................................................10 )ssigning 7ey 8igures to an !nfoCube...........................................................................................................................11 )ctivating 6avigational )ttributes..................................................................................................................................11

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#etadata &epository............................................................................................................................................................14 (ummary of %orkshop........................................................................................................................................................1<

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Business Scenario The Global Bike Company (GBI) our company wants to create a series of reports based on sales data across the organisation. )fter considerable analysis of reporting re$uirements the following data model for the !nfoCube has been developed. ou have been asked to create this InfoCube and a!aS!ore 2b3ect and the associated Info"b#ec!s.

Creating an BW MetaObjects
The main aim of a data warehouse is to provide an infrastructure for the provision of information for better decision making. 2ne of the core components of a data warehouse which facilitates this reporting is an InfoCube. )n InfoCube is a multi/dimensional data container which forms the basis for reports and analyses in ()* B%. )n InfoCube contains two types of data / key figures and characteristics. .ach individual InfoCube should be a self/contained dataset based on a business conte"t.

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MODULE 05 )n InfoCube consists of several Info"b#ec!s and is modelled using a star schema framework- i.e. it comprises a 8act Table containing the 7ey 8igures of the InfoCube as well as several surrounding >imension tables that contain the Characteristics of the cube. There are a number of InfoCubes which are designed and pre installed with ()* B% but often these may not satisfy an organisationAs reporting re$uirements. !n this situation a new InfoCube will need to be created. The following flow diagram indicates the process of creating an InfoCube$ ) number of these meta/data ob3ects have already been created to assist with the e"ercise.

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Business Content
()* Business !nformation %arehouse delivers pre/configured ob3ects which are referred to as BBusiness Con!en!C. !t includes %e!a"b#ec!s- such as Info"b#ec!s- a!aSources- InfoPro&i'ers and Queries. These pre/defined ob3ects speed up the implementation of the ()* B% because they deliver complete solutions for business information re$uirements. They also act as model for an implementation- based on previous implementation e"periences. Business Content %e!a"b#ec!s should be used in preference to companyAs creating their own %e!a"b#ec!s. This provides an increased level of standardi'ation as the B! environment grows and reduces future maintenance overheads. Throughout this e"ercise you will be using Business Con!en! %e!a"b#ec!s as well customi'ed %e!a"b#ec!s.

Creating an InfoArea
()* B% uses a number of structures to help organise the various ob3ects that you create. 2ne of these is an Info(rea. )n Info(rea is usually designed around a particular business conte"t and stores the related Info"b#ec!s. To create an Info(reaD 1. 2pen S(P Business Informa!ion )arehouse.

The following menu structure appearsD

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MODULE 05 2. 9. >ouble Click to e"pand this menu$

>ouble Click to display the a!a )arehousin* )orkbench ? )B@$ If a dialog box appears asking whether you would like to see the documentation select

The )B appears on screen. ou will notice that the a!a )arehousin* )orkbench performs a number of functions which are listed on the left of the screen

%orkbench 8unctions The %o'elin* area of the )B is where you create and apply ob3ects and rules that are needed for data transport- update and analysis. These ob3ects are displayed in a hierarchical tree structure. ou can create an Info(rea from either the InfoPro&i'er or Info"b#ec!s screens. The process is the same on both screens. ) number of Info(reas have already been created to assist with the workshop e"ercises. 1. Click to display the various Info(reas.

.ach university will be allocated Info(reas for students. 8or the purpose of these notes we will be using a default Info(rea structure. our workshop leader will identify which is your parent Info(rea. ;. Click ne"t to to e"pand this Info(rea.

6ormally you would create your own Info(rea but for the purpose these e"ercises an Info(rea has been created for each student based on the number allocated by your lecturer. our Info(rea

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MODULE 05 ?(tudent666@ will include your InfoCube later in the e"ercises. 6ormally your Info(rea would contain all the other %e!a"b#ec!s you created.

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Creating InfoObject Catalogs

)nother ob3ect used to organise %e!a"b#ec!s is an Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*. This is a directory that e"ists within an Info(rea. !t is a directory of Info"b#ec!s used in the same business conte"t. 8or e"ample all Info"b#ec!s that are used to provide information for supply chain management can be grouped under one Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*. This enables easier searching and selection when there are a large number of Info"b#ec!s. Info"b#ec!s can be assigned to more than one Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*. )n Info"b#ec! Ca!alo* is purely organi'ational and has no impact on reporting. 6ormally you would need to create two Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*s ?one for 7ey 8igures and one for Characteristics@. 8or the purpose of this e"ercise common Info"b#ec! ca!alo*s have been created for all students. Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*s are created by using the conte"t menu ?right click !nfo)rea@. 6otice that the Info"b#ec! Ca!alo* ?Characteristics@ and Info"b#ec! Ca!alo* ?7ey 8igures@ appear under the parent Info(rea.

)s mentioned previously Info"b#ec!s should be assigned to an Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*. There is a default Info"b#ec! Ca!alo* with the name BUnassigned NodesC- that contain all Info"b#ec!s that have not been assigned to a catalog. (o if you create an Info"b#ec! and cannot find it this might be a good place to look. ou can also search for it using the Search button . The ne"t step in the process is to create the relevant Info"b#ec!s+ Charac!eris!ics an' ,ey -i*ures$

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Exercise 1 Creating InfoObjects

Info"b#ec!s are the core building blocks in the B% system. They represent the lowest level business ob3ects- or fields. They can either beD 7ey 8igures Characteristics +nits Time Characteristics Technical Characteristics

They are used throughout the B% system to create structures and tables to enable information to be modelled in a structured form in the data warehouse.

aming Con!entions
The technical name convention for pre/defined Info"b#ec!s supplied by ()*- in Business Con!en!. begins with the number B0C- such as 0Customer. The technical name for user/defined Info"b#ec!s begin with a character between ) to E- and have a length of 9 to 5 characters.

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MODULE 05 )s mentioned previously the business scenario for this e"ercise was based on your enterpriseAs re$uirements for a series of reports involving sales data across the organisation. 8rom the analysis it has been determined that the following Info"b#ec!s are re$uired to facilitate the analysis of data. ,ey -i*ures Con!ribu!ion %ar*in Cos! of Goo's Sol' iscoun! / iscoun! 0e! Sales Pro'uc! Price Re&enue Sales Quan!i!y Transfer Price

Charac!eris!ics is!ribu!ion Channel %a!erial Group Sales "r*anisa!ion

(!!ribu!e

*roduct Category Company Code Country 7ey Currency 7ey 8iscal ear Fariant Customer 6umber for !nternal (ettlement (tatistics Currency (ource (ystem i&ision %a!erial Base +nit of #easure >ivision #aterial Group Transfer *rice

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MODULE 05 1ersion (ome of these Info"b#ec!s will need to be created by you while others have been previously created or are pre/defined Info"b#ec!s created and supplied through ()*As Business Con!en!. ou will need to create Revenue- Sales Quantity ?7ey 8igures@ and Material, Material Group ?Characteristics@.

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Sol"tion #$# % Creating &e' (ig"res

8irstly you will create the ,ey -i*ures (Re&enue an' Sales Quan!i!y) which will be re$uired for analysis. 4$ ,$ <. Click ,ey -i*ures to select this Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*. &ight Click ,ey -i*ures to display the conte"t menu.

Click Crea!e Info"b#ec! to display the dialog screen.

5. 10. 11.

Type 2roo!3RE1000 ?where 666 is your logon@ in the ,ey-i*. field. Type 2roo!3000 Re&enue (Bike Company) in the 4on* escrip!ion field Click to accept your entries

The Crea!e ,ey -i*ure e!ail screen appears.

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)s you can see there are three tab pages available to define different aspects of ,ey -i*ure !nfo2b3ects.

T'pe)"nit Tab
2n this tab page- you determine the key figure type ?amount- $uantity...@- the data type ?currency field:floating point number- $uantity field:floating point number...@ as well as the currency:$uantity unit. 8or the key figure types amount, quantity and number- you can choose between the data types decimal number and floating point number. 8or the date and time key figure types- you can choose the decimal display if these fields are to be included in the calculation. !f you choose the amount or quantity key figure type- you must assign a currency or quantity unit to this key figure. 8or the key figure type amount- you can choose between a fixed currency ?.+&- for e"ample@ or a variable currency- ?2C+&&.6C @ for e"ample. 12. 19. 11. 1;. 14. Check that the Type is (moun!. Check that the a!a Type is CURR5currency fiel'. s!ore' as EC. Click Uni!6Currency field to select it. Type 7CURRE0C8. Click to display the (**re*a!ion screen.
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Aggregation Tab

The (**re*a!ion behaviour determines whether or not- and in which way- the ,ey -i*ure values can be summari'ed using the different characteristics:their values within the evaluation. )ggregation rules are set to summation by default. This determines how the ,ey -i*ure is aggregated in BE9 default. The permitted values are #inimum- #a"imum- and (ummation. 1,. 1<. 15. 20. Check that (**re*a!ion is SU% Check that E9cep!ion (**re*a!ion is Summa!ion Check that Cumula!i&e &al is selected under Cumula!i&e6non5cumula!i&e &alues. Click to display the (''i!ional Proper!ies screen.

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Additional Properties Tab

The (''i!ional Proper!ies tab page is used to change default settings for the ,ey -i*ure display type ?number of decimal places- display scaling- and so on@ in B.". ou now need to save the ,ey -i*ure Info"b#ec!. 21. Click to save your ,ey -i*ure.

You can verify the process through the message which appears on the Status bar Before you can use ,ey -i*ures to structure other %e!a"b#ec!s- you must make sure they are activated . )ctivating the ,ey -i*ure generates the ob3ects in the >ata >ictionary ?>>!C@ that belong to it. 22. Click to activate your ,ey -i*ure.

!gain you can verify the process by the message on the Status "ar 29. Click to return to the main screen.

our screen should appear similar to the one belowD

ou now need to create the Sales #uantity ,ey -i*ure. 21. &ight Click ,ey -i*ures to display the conte"t menu.
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MODULE 05 2;. 24. 2,. 2<. 25. 90. Click Crea!e Info"b#ec! to display the dialog screen. Type 2roo!3QT8000 in the ,ey-i*. field. *ress 2T(B3 to move the cursor to the 4on* escrip!ion fiel'. Type 2roo!3000 Sales Quan!i!y (Bike Company) $ Click Click to accept your entries to select this data type.

)s you have selected Quan!i!y data type you now need to specify how the $uantity is counted. 91. 92. 99. 91. 9;. Click Uni!6Currency field to move the cursor. Type 7B(SE:U"% to indicate the Base +nit of #easure. Click Click Click to save your ,ey -i*ure. to activate your ,ey -i*ure. to return to the main screen.

ou will notice that you have 2 ,ey -i*ures in your Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*. The remaining re$uired ,ey -i*ures have been developed and e"ist in a different Info(rea / Bike Company (%as!er Copy)$

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Sol"tion #$* % Creating Characteristic InfoObjects

ou have created the necessary ,ey -i*ures as per the re$uirements. ou now need to create Charac!eris!ics which are used to add meaning to the ,ey -i*ures. (imilar to the ,ey -i*ures most of the Charac!eris!ics ?>istribution Channel- (ales 2rganisation- >ivision- Fersion ) have been created already or are pre/defined in Business Con!en!. ou will need to create the $aterial and $aterial %roup Charac!eris!ics and their associated %as!er a!a. 8irstly you need to create the $aterial %roup Charac!eris!ic. 94$ 9,. &ight Click Charac!eris!ics InfoCa!alo* to display the conte"t menu.

Click Crea!e Info"b#ec! to display the Crea!e Charac!eris!ic screen.

9<. 95. 10.

Type 2roo!3%G000 where 666 is your login number. *ress 2T(B3 to move the cursor to the 4on* escrip!ion field Type 2roo!3000 %a!erial Group (Bike Company) where 666 is your login number. Click to continue.

11.

The Crea!e Charac!eris!ic e!ail screen appearsD

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0o!ice there are a number of screens which need to be maintained. These are highlighted by tabs.

+eneral Tab
Currently the General !ab is displayed. This screen enables you to determine the basic properties of a characteristic including its- description- data type ?Char- 6um- >ate- Time@- length and conversion routine. >escription- data type and length are re$uired.

&emember if you want to know more about a field you can select and then press '()
12. 19. 11. 1;. Click Click Type the >ata Type field to select it. C;(R Charac!er S!rin* to select this data type. < in the 4en*!h field.

>elete (lpha in the Con&ers$ Rou!. field.

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B"siness ,-plorer Tab

14. Click to move to this screen.

This tab page is used to set the display defaults in the B% analysis and reporting tool- Business E9plorer ?BE9@. !t is used to determine whether or not the Characteristic is to appear as a te"tual description or as a key in BE9 by default. 8or the purpose of this e"ercise you do not need to maintain this screen.

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Master data)te-ts Tab

1,. Click to display this screen.

2n this tab page- you determine whether or not the Charac!eris!ic can have attributes or texts?#aster data@. !f the Charac!eris!ic is to have its own te"ts- you need to make at least one te"t selection ?short- medium/length- long te"t/ 20- 10- 40 characters@. The attributes are assigned to the characteristic on the (!!ribu!es tab page which is not displayed at present. %hen you select a te"t field then B% is e"pecting data to be loaded into this field. !f Te9!s lan*ua*e 'epen'en! field is selected then B% is e"pecting a field which contains a country code. !f Te9!s are !ime5'ep field is selected then B% is e"pecting two fieldsG date from and date to- to be populated. 15. ;0. Type %%5I" in the (pplica!ion Componen! field. Type your !nfo area 2roo!3000 in the Info(rea field.

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.ierarch' Tab
;1. Click to display this screen.

;ierarchies are used in analysis to describe alternative views of the data. %!ey are used in t!e organi'ation of the characteristic values of a characteristic into a tree structure. ."ampleD ) hierarchy for university employees that are combined into organisational structures. (ee below.
'niversity

(aculty of )usiness

(aculty of Science

&ccountin#

Information Systems

*aul +ones

,obert ,edford

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MODULE 05 ) hierarchy comprises a $uantity of no'es and lea&es. The nodes stand in a parent/child relationship and the hierarchy leaves are represented by the Characteristic values. 2n the *ierarchy tab pageyou determine whether or not the Characteristic can have hierarchies- and if so- what properties these hierarchies are allowed to have. !f the +ith hierarchies indicator is set- hierarchies can be created for this characteristic within S!,. )lternatively- they can be loaded from the S!, -.. system or flat files. ou can also set hierarchies to be either Time or 1ersion dependent. 1ersion dependent hierarchies allows comparisons of the same data under different circumstances. 8or e"ample during restructuring of an organisationAs sales districts for the Hmain districtH characteristic- several hierarchy versions are created. These can be compared to each another in a $uery

Time dependent hierarchies allow you to make comparisons between the same data between different time intervals. 8or e"ample the same scenario above with the #ain >istrict characteristic version hierarchy could be created as a time dependent hierarchy.

The above e"ample is where the entire =ierarchy is Time dependent but it is also to make certain components of the =ierarchy structure ?hierarchy node@ is Time dependent. 8or

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MODULE 05 e"ample- during restructuring of an organisationAs sales districts- it was found that an employee is assigned to different cost centres at different times.

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Attrib"tes Tab
;2. Click to display this screen.

(!!ribu!es are also Info"b#ec!s ?Characteristics@ that are used to describe Charac!eris!ics in greater detail. 8or e"ample- the Charac!eris!ic Sales /rganisation can be described in more detail with .ompany .ode and .ountry to which it is assigned or the Charac!eris!ic customer can be described in more detail by including address and phone number. !f the #aster data:te"t tab the +ith master data indicator was set- you are able to specify (!!ribu!es and properties for these attributes together with the characteristic on the !ttributes tab page. The %a!erial Group Characteristic has Pro'uc! Ca!e*ory as an )ttribute. ou need to add this (!!ribu!e to the Charac!eris!icD ;9. Type 7PR" :C(TEG in the )ttribute field.

;1.

*ress 2E0TER3 to accept the entry.

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Compo"nding Tab
;;. Click to display this tab.

2n the Compoun'in* tab page- you determine whether or not the Charac!eris!ic is to be compounded to other Info"b#ec!s. ou often need to HcompoundH Charac!eris!ic values to enable Charac!eris!ic values to be assigned uni$uely. E9ample= ) (hipping *oint can belong to more than one *lant. To uni$uely identify a (hipping *oint it needs to be Compounded with the *lant. 8or e"ample (hipping *oint ?200@ and *lant ?100@- (hipping *oint ?900@ and *lant ?100@ are uni$ue combinations. This e"ercise does not re$uire any Compounding. ou have now finished creating your #aterial Characteristic and it needs to be saved and activated. Before you can use Charac!eris!ics to structure other %e!a"b#ec!s- you must make sure they are activated . )ctivating the Charac!eris!ic generates the ob3ects in the >ata >ictionary ?>>!C@ that belong to it. These include the data element- domain and master data tables for attributes:te"ts:hierarchies. !f attributes- te"ts or hierarchies- or a combination thereof are assigned to the Characteristic- this Characteristic is called a %as!er a!a Carryin* Charac!eris!ic. ou need to save the $aterial %roup Charac!eris!icD ;4. Click to save your Charac!eris!ic.

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MODULE 05 ;,. ;<. Click Click to activate your Charac!eris!ic. to return to the main screen.

The $aterial %roup Charac!eris!ic appears in the Info"b#ec! Ca!alo*. You can check the structure of your other Characteristics by selecting the Display command from the Context Menu of the Characteristic 0right click1) ou now need to create the $aterial Charac!eris!icD ;5$ 40. &ight Click Charac!eris!ics Info"b#ec! Ca!alo* to display the conte"t menu.

Click Crea!e Info"b#ec! to display the Crea!e Charac!eris!ic screen.

41. 42. 49. 41.

Type 2roo!3%(T000 where 666 is your login number. *ress 2T(B3 to move the cursor to the 4on* escrip!ion field Type 2roo!3000 %a!erial (Bike Company) where 666 is your login number. Click to continue.

The Crea!e Charac!eris!ic e!ail screen appears with the General !ab active. 4;. 44. 4,. 4<. 45. ,0. Click Click Type Type the a!a Type field to select it. C;(R Charac!er S!rin* to select this data type. >? in the 4en*!h field. %(T0> in the Con&ers$ Rou!. field.

Type >? in the "u!pu! len*!h field. I!f the 2utput length field is not open for input- place your cursor in it and hit J.nterK to force a refresh of the interface.L Click to display this screen.

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MODULE 05 ,1. ,2. ,9. ,1. ,;. ,4. . ,,. ,<. Click Click to deselect it. to select it.

Type 4"5I" in the (pplica!ion Componen! field. Type 2roo!3000 ?where 666 is your logon@ in the Info(rea field. Click Click Click to display this screen. to select it and indicate that hierarchies will be created. to display this screen.

Type the following (!!ribu!es and press 2E0TER3 after each one to insert the descriptionD

ou are now going to add the $aterial %roup Charac!eris!ic ?JrootK#G666@ which created previously. ,5. <0. Type 2roo!3%G000 in the (!!ribu!e 8ield. *ress 2E0TER3 to accept it.

The CharacteristicAs description should appear. ou are now going to add a further !ttribute Transfer Price (Bike Company) which you will select from a list of Info"b#ec!s. <1. Click the te"t bo" under 2roo!3%G000 to move the cursor. appears.

ou will notice that once this field is selected then Mist icon <2. <9. <1. <;. Click to display a list of Info"b#ec!s-

(croll/down until you find the %U7TRPRI / Transfer Price (Bike Company). Click this Info"b#ec! to select it. Click to transfer the selection to the previous screen.

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a!igational Attrib"tes
The (!!ribu!es can either be isplay ?>!(@ or 0a&i*a!ion ?6)F@. isplay (!!ribu!es= !f you define attributes as display attributes- you can only use these attributes as additional information in reporting when combined with the characteristic. !n reporting- you cannot navigate within the dataset. 0a&i*a!ion (!!ribu!es= !f you define attributes as navigation attributes- you are able to use these to navigate in reporting for e"ample drill down:up. %hen a $uery is e"ecuted- the system does not distinguish between navigation attributes and characteristics for a data target ?!nfoCube@. !n order to make these attributes available as navigation attributes in reporting- you need to activate them once more on a data target ?!nfoCube@ level. 2therwise- the attributes function as display attributes. ou now need to specify which (!!ribu!es are going to be defined as 0a&i*a!ion (!!ribu!es 8or this e"ercise i&ision and %a!erial Group will be defined as 0a&i*a!ion (!!ribu!es$ <4. Click ne"t to 7 I1ISI"0 ?>ivision@ to change it to a 0a&i*a!ion (!!ribu!e. .

ou also need to add a 0a&i*a!e (!!ribu!e escrip!ion. <,. <<. <5. 50. 51. Click 0a&i*a!ion a!!$ 'escrip!ion to select this field. Type Click i&ision$ ne"t to 2roo!3%G000 ?#aterial Group@ to change it to a 0a&i*a!ion (!!ribu!e.

Click 0a&i*a!ion a!!$ 'escrip!ion to select this field. Type %a!erial Group

our screen should appear similar to belowD

52.

Click

to save your Charac!eris!ic.

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MODULE 05 59. 51. Click Click to activate your Charac!eris!ic. to return to the main screen.

S"mmar' of Wor/shop
ou have now completed the following activities.

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MODULE 05

,-ercise * Creating InfoPro!iders

InfoPro&i'ers is a term used to describe %e!a"b#ec!s which can be reported on using ()* Business ."plorer. There are InfoPro&i'ers that contain data such as InfoCubes- a!aS!ore "b#ec!s- and Info"b#ec!s ?Characteristics with attributes and te"ts@. )lternatively there are InfoPro&i'ers which do not physically contain data ?Firtual !nfo*roviders@. The central data containers which form the basis for reports and analyses in ()* B% are called InfoCubes. InfoCubes contain two types of data / ,ey fi*ures and Charac!eris!ics.

Sol"tion *$# % Data Store Objects 0DSO1

) a!aS!ore ob#ec! serves as a storage location for consolidated and cleansed transaction data or master data on a document level ?basic level@. ) a!aS!ore ob#ec! contains key fields ?for e"ampledocument number:item@ and data fields that can also contain character fields ?for e"ample- order status- customer@ and key figures. The a!aS!ore ob#ec! enables a user to drill down in reports to a document level without having to access the source system. !n addition data can be e"tracted once into a a!aS!ore ob#ec! and then loaded into !nfoCubes more than once if a problem occurs. This eliminates the need to revisit the source system. ou are now going to create a a!aS!ore ob#ec!. This is done in the InfoPro&i'er area of the >%B. 5;. Click to move to this area of the >%B.

)s mentioned previously- the Info(rea created previously are replicated in the InfoPro&i'er area of the >%B. 54. Click ne"t to the ,arent Info!rea to e"pand this Info(rea. your Info(rea ?(tudent 666@ to display the conte"t menu.

5,. &ight/Click 5<. Click

Crea!e a!aS!ore "b#ec!.

The E'i! a!aS!ore "b#ec! screen appears. 55. 100. 101. 102. Type 2roo!3 >000 ?where 666 is your logon@. *ress 2T(B3 to move to the description field. Type 2roo!3000 Bike Company Sales a!a. Click to create the a!aS!ore ob#ec!.
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MODULE 05 The E'i! a!aS!ore "b#ec! screen appears.

ou will notice that the screen has two distinct areas. The Templa!e area lists the available ,ey -i*ures and Charac!eris!ics. The a!aS!ore "b#ec! part the screen enables the user to define the ,ey -iel's- a!a -iel's- 0a&i*a!ional (!!ribu!es and In'e9es using the available ,ey -i*ures and Charac!eris!ics. %hen creating a a!aS!ore "b#ec!- you need to determineD 1. %hich !nfo2b3ects must the >ata(tore 2b3ect containN 2. %hich ob3ects uni$uely define the processN These ob3ects are not dependent on each other and normally form the key for the >ata(tore 2b3ect. 9. )ll other ob3ects re$uired. These ob3ects are dependent on the ob3ects determined in the second step and usually make up the data fields for the a!aS!ore "b#ec!. our a!aS!ore "b#ec! structure is outlined below. ,ey -iel's escrip!ion (ales 2rganisation ?Bike Company@ JrootK666 #aterial ?Bike Company@ >istribution Channel Calendar >ay JrootK666 (ales Puantity ?Bike Company@ Base +nit of #easure JrootK666 &evenue ?Bike Company@ Currency 7ey >iscount ?Bike Company@ 0a&i*a!ional (!!ribu!es >ivision Info"b#ec! #+0()M2&G JrootK#)T666 0>!(T&OC=)6 0C)M>) JrootKPT 666 0B)(.O+2# JrootK&.F666 0C+&&.6C #+0>(C6T

a!a -iel's

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MODULE 05 #aterial Group Company Code Country 7ey 109. 101. 10;. &ight Click Click to display the conte"t menu.

Info"b#ec! irec! Inpu! to select this command.

Type the following Charac!eris!icsD #+0()M2&G JrootK#)T666 0>!(T&OC=)6 0C)M>)

104. 10,.

Click Click

to transfer the available Charac!eris!ics. ne"t to to display the ,ey -iel's$

ou now need to add the a!a -iel's of the a!aS!ore "b#ec!. 10<. 105. 110. &ight Click Click to display the conte"t menu.

Info"b#ec! irec! Inpu! to select this command.

Type the following Info"b#ec!sD JrootKPT 666 0B)(.O+2# JrootK&.F666 0C+&&.6C #+0>(C6T

111. 112. 119.

Click Click Click

to transfer the available Info"b#ec!s. ne"t to ne"t to to display the a!a -iel's$ to display the Info"b#ec!s.

ou will notice that a number of other Info"b#ec!s ?#aterial Group >ivision- Company CodeCountry key@ have automatically appeared due to previous settings.

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MODULE 05 our screen appears similar to belowD

!f you have made a mistake you can delete an Info"b#ec! from your a!aS!ore "b#ec! by using the conte"t menu for that !nfo2b3ect. Before your a!aS!ore "b#ec! can be used you need to be save and activate it. 111. 11;. 114. Click Click Click to save your Charac!eris!ic. to activate your Charac!eris!ic. to return to the main screen.

ou are returned to the InfoPro&i'er screen and your a!aS!ore "b#ec! appears.

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MODULE 05

Sol"tion *$* % InfoC"bes

The central data containers which form the basis for multi/dimensional reports and analyses in ()* B% are called InfoCubes. InfoCubes contain two types of data / ,ey fi*ures and Charac!eris!ics. .ach individual InfoCube should contain a self/contained dataset- since $ueries always refer to one InfoCube. )n InfoCube consists of several Info"b#ec!s and is structured in a star schema- i.e. it comprises a fact table containing the key fi*ures of the InfoCube as well as several surrounding dimension tables that contain the charac!eris!ics of the cube. )n InfoCube is assigned to an Info(rea. InfoCubes are supplied with data from a!aSources or a!a S!ore "b#ec!s. Charac!eris!ics that belong together from a logical perspective should be combined in a dimension ?BdistrictC and BareaC- for e"ample- belong to the regional dimension@.

There are two types of !nfoCubesD a Basic Cube and a 1ir!ual Cube. 2nly a basic InfoCube contains data therefore they are also a!a Tar*e!s. 1ir!ual InfoCubes only represent logical views of a dataset. )s far as the end user is concerned- accessing reports based on either type of InfoCube is no different. Basic Cube This cube is comprised of relational tables arranged together in a star schema. !t is comprised of a -ac! Table and imension tables. The -ac! Table can contains key figures. The imension tables are linked to %as!er a!a !ables. InfoCube Charac!eris!ics can be organi'ed in a ma"imum of 14 dimensions. Three dimensions are predefined by ()* ?Time dimension- +nit dimension- >ata *acket dimension@. Therefore an InfoCube can have up to 14 dimensionsG user defined dimension ?19@ plus the ()* predefined dimensions ?9@. >ata *ackage and Time dimensions are always present in a Basic Cube. %hile the +nits dimension only e"ists if at least one key figure is of type HamountH or H$uantityH. !n this case- a fi"ed:variable unit:currency needs to be entered with the key figure.

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MODULE 05 The process involved in building an !nfoCube is outlined below in steps ; to5D

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MODULE 05

Creating an InfoCube and Defining Dimensions

The following diagram summarises the relationship between -ac! !able and ()*As ."tended (tar (chema. The dotted line represents the InfoCube. imension !ables in

)n InfoCube is classified as an InfoPro&i'er as it provides data for reporting and therefore is stored in this area of the )B. ou are now going to create your !nfoCube ?basic@. !t will have the following structureG imensions #aterial #+0 #aterial #+0#)T&M (ales >istribution Channel 0>!(T&OC=)6 (ales 2rganisation ?Bike Company@ #+0()M2&G Time Calendar ear:#onth Calendar month Calendar ear ,ey -i*ures JrootK666 (ales Puantity ?Bike Company@ JrootKPT 666 JrootK666 &evenue ?Bike Company@ JrootK&.F666 >iscount ?Bike Company@ #+0>(C6T 6et (ales ?Bike Company@
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Charac!eris!ics ?Bike Company@

MODULE 05 #+06.T() Cost of Goods (old ?Bike Company@ #+0C2G( ou now need to create the InfoCube based on the previous structure. 11,. &ight Click 11<. Click your Info(rea ?(tudent 666@ to display the conte"t menu.

Crea!e InfoCube to display the E'i! InfoCube screen.

This screen enables you to define which type of InfoCube you want to create. 8or the purpose of this e"ercise you will create the S!an'ar' InfoCube ?basic@. 115. 120. 121. 122. Type 2roo!3R>000 as the technical name of the cube. *ress 2T(B3 to move to the ne"t field. Type 2roo!3000 Bike Company Repor!in*. Click to create the S!an'ar' InfoCube.

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MODULE 05 The InfoCube maintenance screen appears.

ou will notice that it is similar to the a!aS!ore "b#ec! screen. The Template area display the available !nfo2b3ects which the !nfoCube area displays the structure. 6otice there are directories already created for imensions and ,ey -i*ures. )s mentioned previously ()* re$uires 9 pre/ defined imensions ?>ata *ackage- Time- +nit@. The first >imension has been created for you. 129. 121. 12;. 124. &ight Click Click Proper!ies. Type %a!erial in the escrip!ion field ?replace >imension 1@. Click to accept your entry and rename the imension. to display the conte"t menu.

ou now need to create the other imensions. 12,. 12<. 125. 190. &ight Click to display the conte"t menu

Click Crea!e 0e@ imensions. Type Sales in the escrip!ion field ?replace >imension 2@. Click to accept your entry and create the imension$

Assigning Characteristics to Dimensions

ou now need to associate your Charac!eris!ics with the created imensions. This is a similar process as used previously with the >ata(tore 2b3ect. 191. &ight Click to display the conte"t menu.

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MODULE 05 192. 199. 191. Click Info"b#ec! irec! Inpu! to select this command.

Type %U7%(TR4. Click to accept your entry.

The $aterial Charac!eris!ic now appears under the %a!erial imension. 19;. Click ne"t to imension to display the Charac!eris!ic.

The Sales imension will include two Charac!eris!ics ?>istribution Channel- (ales 2rganisation ?Bike Company@@. 194. 19,. 19<. &ight Click Click to display the conte"t menu.

Info"b#ec! irec! Inpu! to select this command.

Type the following CharacteristicsD 7 ISTR:C;(0 %U7S(4"RG

195.

Click

to transfer the Charac!eris!ics to the Sales imension.

ou can resi'e the InfoCube column to view your Info"b#ec!s description.

Assigning Key Figures to an InfoCube

ou now need to assign your ,ey -i*ures. This is a similar process to assigning Charac!eris!ics e"cept ,ey -i*ures are assigned to the -ac! Table. 110. 111. 112. &ight Click Click to display the conte"t menu.

Info"b#ec! irec! Inpu! to select this command.

Type the following 7ey 8iguresD 2roo!3QT8000 2roo!3RE1000 %U7 SC0T %U70ETS( %U7C"GS
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MODULE 05 119. 111. Click Click to transfer the ,ey -i*ures$ ne"t to to e"pand the directory.

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MODULE 05 ou will notice that the ,ey -i*ures now appear.

Creating Time Dimensions.

)t present the Time imension is empty. ()* B% supplies a number of standard time Info"b#ec!s that can be inserted into this imension. This is achieved using the Info"b#ec! irec! Inpu! command from the conte"t menu. The Time !nfo2b3ects which are to be included in the !nfoCube areG .alendar $onth- .alendar Year2$onth- .alendar Year. 11;. 114. 11,. 11<. 115. 1;0. &ight Click to display the conte"t menu.

Click Info"b#ec! irec! Inpu! to launch this command. Type 7C(4%"0T;. *ress 2E0TER3 to confirm the entry and retrieve the description. &epeat the process forG 7C(4%"0T;A and 7C(48E(R. Click to transfer the Info"b#ec!s to your InfoCube.

The +nit >imension automatically includes the Base +nit of #easure and Currency 7ey Info"b#ec!s due to previously selected data types. our screen should appear similar to belowD

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MODULE 05

Acti ating !a igationa" Attributes

*reviously you defined 0a&i*a!ional (!!ribu!es when you created your various Charac!eris!ics. =owever they need to be activated in the InfoCube. 1;1. Click to e"pand the directory.

ou will notice that the 0a&i*a!ional (!!ribu!es that you defined previously appear in the directory. 1;2. Click the checkbo" ne"t to each (!!ribu!e to activate it.

ou have completed building your InfoCube. !t needs to be saved and activated before data can be loaded and it can be reported on. =owever before you do this you should check it for errors. 1;9. Click to check your !nfoCube.

) series of messages appears in the bottom right of your screen. )ssuming everything is correct you can now save. 1;1. 1;;. Click Click to save your InfoCube. to activate your InfoCube.

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MODULE 05 1;4. Click to return to the main screen.

6otice that your new InfoCube appears in your Info(rea of the InfoPro&i'er area of the )B. ou can view further details of your InfoCube in the %e!a'a!a Reposi!ory.

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MODULE 05

Metadata 2epositor'
)ll ()* B% #eta2b3ects and their links are managed centrally in the =T#M/based ()* B% %e!a'a!a Reposi!ory. !n the integrated %e!a'a!a Reposi!ory browser- a search function enables you to $uickly access the #eta2b3ects. 2ther features include e"changing metadata between different systems- e"porting =T#M pages- and displaying graphics for the ob3ects

1;,.

Click

to display the %e!a'a!a Reposi!ory.

)ll the ob3ects created on this B% system can be searched and viewed via this function. 1;<. 1;5. 140. Click 8ind to display the available InfoCubes. your InfoCube ?JrootK666 Bike Company &eporting@.

Click your InfoCube to open its definition.

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MODULE 05

6otice that hyperlinks e"ist for Info"b#ec!s within your InfoCube. ou can navigate to these Info"b#ec! details. The Back and -or@ar' buttons enable to return and navigate between screens. )dditionally you are able to generate a number of graphics to provide an overview of your InfoCube. 141. 142. Click Mog/off to display an overview of your InfoCube. once you have finished browsing.

ou have now completed the e"ercises associated with the creation of Charac!eris!ics- ,ey -i*ures- a!aS!ore "b#ec!s and InfoCube. The ne"t stage of the process is to load data into these various ob3ects.

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MODULE 05

S"mmar' of Wor/shop
ou have now moved part way the decision points and process outlined below.

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