`

,='' -='' -' --

a b
.|ac( : |aL|| m| a,c _, _s| y,L||
'-,-' ----- -'~,('; -;---' ;~-
,,t,s|.|| ,t||, ,,J
_,a|| | _|,c aa
]fhJy; gpj;H
(Nehd;Gg; ngUehs; jHkk;)

njhFg;G:
m\;N\f; mkPd; gpd; mg;jy;yh`; m\;\fhtp

jkpopy;:
kt;ytp K`k;kj; ,k;uhd; fG+up
(mG+ mg;Jy; ghrpj;)

`
,,-,|| _w,|| m| ,.,
]fhJy; gpj;H (Nehd;Gg; ngUehs; jHkk;)

vy;yhg; GfOk; ,iwtd; xUtDf;Nf! ]yhj;Jk;> ]yhKk; my; yh`;tpd; J}jH
kPJ cz;lhfl;Lkhf! NkYk;> my; yh`; xUtd; mtDf;F epfuhf
vtUkpy;iy vd; Wk;> K`k;kj; (]y;) mtHfs; my; yh`;tpd; mbikAk;
J}jUkhthHfs; vd ehd; rhl;rp gfHfpd; Nwd;.
Gdpjkhd ,e;j khjj;jpy; ,iwtd; flikahf;fpa tzf;fq; fspy;
xd;Wjhd; ]fhJy; gpj;H MFk;. cNyhgpj;jdj;jpypUe;J kdij
Rj;jg;gLj;jTk;> Nehd;ghspf;F Vw;gLk; jtWfs;> nfl;l thHj;ijfs;> tPz;
tpisahl;Lfspy; ,Ue;J gupRj;jkhfTk;> Vio> vspNahHf;F cjtpahfTk;>
ukohd; khjj;jpy; G+uzkhf Nehd;G Nehw; W tzf;fq; fis ,yFthf
epiwNtw;wpaijapl;L ,iwtDf;F ed;wpia ntspg;gLj;Jk; Nehf;NfhL
,iwtd; ,ij flikahf;fpAs;shd;.
J'- -- =' ~, Q'-- Q-' Q- : ;--' Q- ;-'~-- -,)= ,=--' -'-, =' J;~, ,-
Q--'~--- -=; ~-,-'; ) -,'- ,-' -', (
Nehd;G Nehw; wtH tPzhd fhupaq; fspy; <Lgl;ljw; Fg; gupfhukhfTk;>
ViofSf;F czthfTk; ,Uf;Fk; nghUl;L Nehd;Gg; ngUehs; jHkj;ij
egpfs; ehafk; (]y; ) mtHfs; flikahf;fpdhHfs;.vd;W ,g;D mg;gh]; (uyp)
mtHfs; mwptpf;fpwhHfs;.
(Mjhuk; mG+ jhTj;)

K];ypkhd mbikfs;> mbik my; yhjtHfs; Mz;fs;> ngz;fs; midtH
kPJk; ]fhJy; gpj;H flikahFk;. jdf;Fk; jdJ FLk;gj;jpdUila
Njitf;Fk; ,Ug;gij tpl xU ]hT Nkyjpfkhf xU K];ypk;
itj;jpUe;jhy; mtupd; kPJ ]fhJy; gpj;H flikahFk;.
=' ~, ,-- Q-' Q- J'- '-)-- : , =' J;~, ,- '-'~ ;' ,-- Q- '-'~ ,=--' -'- Q-
Q---~--' Q- ,----'; ,-~-'; _--V'; ,---'; ,=-'; ---' _-- ,-~ . -;- Q' ')- ,-';
->~-' _-! Q'--' ;,= J-- ) ,'=--' _-=~ (
mbikfs;>mbikfs; my;yhjtHfs;> Mz;fs; ngz;fs;> rpWtH> ngupNahH
Mfpa midj;J K];ypk;fs; kPJk; Nehd;Gg; ngUehs; jHkj;ij egpfs; ehafk;
flikahf;fpdhHfs;. NghPr;rk; gok;> jPl;lg;glhj NfhJik Mfpatw; wpypUe;J
xU "]hT" vdTk; egpfs; ehafk; (]y;) mtHfs; epHzapj;jhHfs;. NkYk;
(ngUehs;) njhOiff;F kf;fs; Gwg;gLtjw; F Kd;Ng mij toq; fp tpl
Ntz;Lk; vdTk; egpfs; ehafk; (]y; ) mtHfs; fl;lisapl;lhHfs;.
mwptpg;ghsH ,g;D ckH
(Mjhuk;: Gfhhp K];ypk;)

J'- -- =' ~, ,-=-' --~ -' Q-; : =' _-~ ---' Q'-, - ')-=- '-- ;-~; ---
'-'~;' ;'= Q- '-'~ Q- '-'~ ;' ,-- Q- -- -';, -; ~--, Q- '-'~ ;' ,-~ :
,---'; =-V'; ~--,-'; ,-~-' '--'= Q'-; ) '=-'' _,=- (
cztpypUe;J my;yJ NghPr;rk; gok;> NfhJik ghyhilf; fl;b>
Nghd;wtw; wpypUe;J xU ]hT Nehd;Gg; ngUehs; jHkkhf egp (]y;) mtHfs;
fhyj;jpy; nfhLj;J te;Njhk;.

,d;DnkhU mwptpg;gpy; md; iwa czT NfhJik> cyHe;j jpuhl;ir>

ghyhilf; fl;b> NghPr;rk; gok; MfpaitahFk;.
Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l czT tiffspy; rpwe;j gpuNahrdKs;s czTfis Vio>
vspNahHf;F nfhLg;gJ xU K];ypkpd; flikahFk;.
_-'- =' J'- : -~ Q- ';---- '-; Q;-=- '-- ';---- _-= ,--' ';-'-- Q- ;--- =' Q'- .
ePq; fs; Nerpf;Fk; nghUl;fspypUe;J jhdk; nra; ahjtiu ePq; fs; ed;ikaila
khl;lPHfs;. ve;jg; nghUis ePq;fs; nryT nra; jhYk;> epr; rakhf my; yh`;
mij ed;fwpe;jtdhf ,Uf;fpwhd; .
mgP raPj; my; Fj;hp (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;Fk; `jP]py; $wg;gl;l czT
tiffs; my;yhky; ,d; W kf;fs; czthf fUjf; $ba muprp Nghd;wtw; iw
]fhJy; gpj;uhf nfhLj;jhy; mJ MFkhdJ vd rpy khHf;f mwpQHfs; ,g;D
ijkpah> ,g;Dy; ifAk; Nghd;NwhH $Wfpd; wdH.
]fhJy; gpj;H tplaj;jpy; "]hT" vd; gJ ehd; F Kj;JfshFk;. Kj;J
vd; why; eLj;jukhd xU kdpjdpd; ,uz;L iffis ,izj;J rpwe;j
NfhJik Nghd; witfis epiwj;J vLg;gjhFk;.

Nehd;Gg; ngUehs; jHkj;ij toq;f ,uz;L Neuq;fs; cs;sd:

1- ngUehs; ,uT #upad; kiwe;jjpypUe;J Muk;gkhfpd; wJ. mjpNy kpfr;
rpwe;jJ g[;H njhOiff;Fk;> ngUehs; njhOiff;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l Neuk;.
,g;D ckH (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;Fk; xU `jP]py; egp (]y;) mtHfs;
]fhJy; gpj;iu flikahf;fpdhHfs;. NkYk; ngUehs; njhOiff;F kf;fs;
nry;tjw; F Kd; mij nfhLj;J tpLkhWk; VtpdhHfs; vdTk;
mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. (Mjhuk; Gfhhp)

2- mDkjpf;fg;gl;l Neuk;: ,e;j Neuk; ngUehs; jpdj;jpw; F xU ehs; my; yJ
,uz;L ehl;fSf;F Kd; ghFk;.
]fhJy; gpj;iu ngwj; jFjpahdtHfSf;F ,g;D ckH (uyp) mtHfs;
nfhLj;jhHfs;. NkYk; ngUehs; jpdj;jpw; F ,uz;L> %d; W ehl;fSf;F
Kd;Gk; nfhLg;gtHfshfTk; ,Ue;jhHfs;.

+-= -' - '-= -' = '- .' : '-, ,'= -' _'- -' .,- .' : -`-'' .- ''-' -
-'--'' - -- + -`-'' -- ''-' -, ',--- -' + ) " -,'- -' -- (
ngUehs; njhOiff;F Kd;G ahH mij toq; fptpLfpwhNuh mJ Vw; Wf;
nfhs;sg;gl;l jHkkhFk;. ahH mij njhOiff;Fg; gpd; toq; fpwhNuh mJ
nghJthd ]jfhthFk;. vd egp (]y; ) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;.
Mwptpg;ghsH: ,g;D mg;gh];
(Mjhuk;:mG jhTj;)
ngUehs; njhOif KbAk; tiu gpw; gLj;jpdhy; mJ fshthFk;. mjhtJ
mij kPz;Lk; jpUg;gpf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. Neuk; Kbe;J tpl;ljdhy; me;jf;
flik mtiu tpl;Lk; ePq;fp tplhJ. NkYk; gpw;gLj;jpajdhy; mtH
ghtpahthH vd i\Fy; ,];yhk; ,g;D ijkpa;ah (u`; ) mtHfs; $wpdhHfs;.
Vio> vspNahHf;F ,e;j jHkk; nfhLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
,g;D mg;gh]; (uyp) mtHfs; mwptpf;Fk; `jP]py; ,J Viofspd; czT
vd Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. NkYk; ,e;j jHkj;ij xU [khmj;jpduplNkh
my;yJ FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s midtUila gq;ifAk; xU Viof;F
toq; FtNjh mDkjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhFk;. Njit Vw;gbd; xU Vioapd; gq; if
gphpj;J gyUf;F nfhLg;gJk; MFkhdjhFk;.
Mdhy; ,e;j jHkj;ij gzkhf nfhLg;gJ MFkhdjy; y. egp (]y; )
mtHfs; fhyj;jpy; gzk; nfhLg;gjw; F trjp ,Ue;j NghJk; czT
'
tiffisNa egp (]y;) mtHfs; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shHfs;. cztpd; ngWkjpia
nfhLg;gJ MFkhdjhf ,Ue;jhy; egp (]y;) mtHfs; mij
njspTgLj;jpapUg;ghHfs;. fhuzk; rl;lq;fis njspT gLj;JtJ mtHfspd;
fhyj;jpy; mtrpakhf ,Ue;jJ. egp (]y; ) mtHfspd; fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;j
egpj;NjhoHfs; jd;dplk; trjp ,Ue;j NghJk; vtUk; ,e;j jHkj;ij gzkhf
nfhLj;jjhf mwpag;gltpy;iy. NkYk; gzj;ijf; nfhLg;gJ fz;zpakhd
,e;j mkiy kiwg;gjhfTk;> ,e;j rl;lq;fis kdpjHfs; kwe;J NghtjhfTk;
MfptpLfpwJ.
ngUehs; jpdj;jd;W ve;j Cupy; ,Uf;fpwhNuh mq;Fs;s ViofSf;F ,e;j
jHkj;ij toq; f Ntz;Lk; vd; gJ mbg;gilahFk;.
jHkk; toq;ff;$batUila Cupy; ,Uf;Fk; Viofis tpl kpfTk; f\; l
epiyapy; mLj;j Cupy; ,Ug;gpd; mq;F nfhLg;gJ MFkhdjhFk;.
(,JNt gj;th FOtpd; jPHg;ghFk;).
Mdhy; xUtH ,d;ndhU Cupy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L jd; Cupy; ,Uf;Fk;
ViofSf;F ,e;j jHkj;ij toq; FkhW jd; FLk;gj;jpduplk; nghWg;Gr;
rhl;LtJ Nkw; Fwpg;gpl;litfspy; cs;slq; fhJ. ,J mDkjpf;fg;gl;l
xd;whFk;.

Q--=' -=~; -' _--; --=- '---~ _-- ;-~; =' _-~; Q---'-' ~, = --=-'; .